CN112292509A - 射孔枪用的传导引爆索 - Google Patents

射孔枪用的传导引爆索 Download PDF

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CN112292509A
CN112292509A CN201980039397.6A CN201980039397A CN112292509A CN 112292509 A CN112292509 A CN 112292509A CN 201980039397 A CN201980039397 A CN 201980039397A CN 112292509 A CN112292509 A CN 112292509A
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detonating cord
contact
perforating gun
conductive
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F·H·普雷斯
B·沙芬诺特
L·麦克内利斯
T·沙夫
克里斯蒂安·艾施伯格
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Delineng Europe Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06C—DETONATING OR PRIMING DEVICES; FUSES; CHEMICAL LIGHTERS; PYROPHORIC COMPOSITIONS
    • C06C5/00—Fuses, e.g. fuse cords
    • C06C5/04—Detonating fuses
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
    • E21B43/116—Gun or shaped-charge perforators
    • E21B43/1185—Ignition systems
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
    • E21B43/119—Details, e.g. for locating perforating place or direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B1/00—Explosive charges characterised by form or shape but not dependent on shape of container
    • F42B1/02—Shaped or hollow charges
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
    • F42D1/04—Arrangements for ignition
    • F42D1/043—Connectors for detonating cords and ignition tubes, e.g. Nonel tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
    • F42D1/04—Arrangements for ignition
    • F42D1/045—Arrangements for electric ignition
    • F42D1/05—Electric circuits for blasting
    • F42D1/055—Electric circuits for blasting specially adapted for firing multiple charges with a time delay
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C19/00—Details of fuzes
    • F42C19/08—Primers; Detonators
    • F42C19/12—Primers; Detonators electric

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  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Electrical Connectors (AREA)
  • Connections By Means Of Piercing Elements, Nuts, Or Screws (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)

Abstract

一种在射孔枪中使用的引爆索(10)包括炸药层(14)和围绕该炸药层延伸的导电层(12)。该导电层被配置为沿着该引爆索的长度中继通信。在一个实施例中，保护性护套(16)围绕导电层或引爆索延伸。引爆索可组装在射孔枪中以将通信信号从射孔枪的顶部连接器(32)中继到底部连接器(34)，并沿其长度传播引爆炸药激励，以引爆射孔枪的聚能射孔弹。包括该引爆索的多个射孔枪可以串联连接，其中，第一射孔枪(30)的引爆索与第二射孔枪(130)的引爆索通信。

Description

射孔枪用的传导引爆索
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2018年6月11日提交的美国临时申请No.62/683,083的权益，通过整体引用方式将其并入本文。
背景技术
射孔枪组件用于许多油田或气井完井。特别地，该组件用于在井筒中的钢套管/油管和/或水泥衬层中产生孔，从而进入油和/或气沉积层。为了使油/气沉积物的提取最大化，采用了各种射孔枪系统。这些组件通常是细长的并且通常是圆柱形的，并且包括布置在组件内部并且连接到设置在其中的聚能射孔器(或聚能射孔弹)的引爆索。
所使用的射孔枪组件的类型可能取决于各种因素，例如地层条件或井筒限制条件。例如，可以选择具有用于承载聚能射孔弹的管的中空载体射孔枪系统，以帮助保护聚能射孔弹不受井筒流体和压力(井筒环境)的影响。经常使用的替代射孔枪系统是暴露的或封装的射孔枪系统。与相同外径尺寸的中空载体枪系统相比，该系统可以允许输送更大尺寸的聚能射孔弹。暴露的射孔枪系统通常包括其上安装有聚能射孔弹的载体带。由于这些聚能射孔弹不像中空载体射孔枪系统那样包含在中空管内，因此聚能射孔弹被单独封装。
通常，聚能射孔弹被配置为将弹道能量聚焦到目标上以启动生产流程。聚能射孔弹设计选择还用于预测/模拟来自地层的油和/或气的流动。聚能射孔弹的构型可以包括圆锥形或圆形的形状，具有形成在金属外壳中的起爆点，该起爆点包含炸药，其中具有或不具有衬里，并且在起爆时产生射孔射流。应当认识到，聚能射孔弹的外壳或壳体与井筒的套管不同，井筒的套管在钻井过程之后被放置在井筒中，并且可以在适当位置抹上水泥以便稳定井筒并在对周围地层进行打孔之前隔离地层区间。
当前的射孔枪系统通过串联子组件机械连接。为了进行有线传输和选择性射孔，射孔枪还通过包括在串联子组件中的隔板与相邻的射孔枪电连接。隔板通常提供压力隔离，并包括电连通(feedthrough)柱。每个射孔枪可以包括多根导线，例如连通线或接地线以及引爆索，它们通常在射孔枪的长度上彼此平行地延伸。连通线通常被构造成将射孔枪电连接到相邻的射孔枪，并且引爆索通常被构造成引爆设置在每个射孔枪中的聚能射孔弹。在共同转让的美国专利No.9,605,937、美国专利No.9,581,422、美国专利No.9,494,021和美国专利No.9,702,680中可以找到对这种射孔枪的进一步描述，在此通过引用将这些专利的全部内容整体并入本文。其他射孔枪系统可以利用射孔弹(charge)管/射孔弹筒作为枪内连通线或分开的电子开关的减化选项(有时在外部连接到雷管)，其允许在不同的枪组件之间进行切换。在美国专利No.8,689,868、美国专利No.8,884,778、美国专利No.9,080,433和美国专利No.9,689,223中描述了这种射孔枪。多根线的使用通常需要额外的组装步骤和时间，这可能导致组装成本增加。
鉴于目前可用的射孔枪组件的缺点，需要一种减少组装步骤和时间并提高射孔枪组件安全性和可靠性的设备。还需要一种具有简化布线的射孔枪，其可减少组装射孔枪系统时的人为误差。此外，这导致需要沿着射孔枪的长度中继/传输电信号的引爆索，而不需要额外的线，也不需要隔离传导元件。
发明内容
根据一个方面，本实施例可涉及射孔枪所用的引爆索。所述引爆索包括炸药层和非导电层。绝缘层在炸药层和导电层之间沿着所述引爆索的长度延伸。所述导电层可以包括多根传导线，并且被配置为沿着所述引爆索的长度中继/传递通信信号。在一个实施例中，护套/外护套层围绕所述引爆索的所述导电层延伸。传导引爆索还可以包括围绕所述炸药层旋转/缠绕的多根非传导线。所述护套可以帮助保护任何内层(例如炸药层、导电层和绝缘层)免受由于外力的摩擦而造成的损坏。
本公开的其他实施例可涉及一种射孔枪。所述射孔枪包括基本上如上所述的构造的引爆索，并且能量和电耦接到雷管。所述引爆索包括炸药层、导电层和位于所述炸药层与所述导电层之间的绝缘层。所述雷管进一步包括围绕所述炸药层的多根非导电线，以及覆盖所述导电层的护套。所述非导电线增加了所述引爆索的强度和柔性，而所述护套则有助于保护所述引爆索的各层免受由于外力摩擦而损坏。根据一个方面，所述引爆索跨越所述射孔枪的长度并且连接到定位在所述射孔枪中的至少一个聚能射孔弹。所述引爆索被配置为沿着所述引爆索的长度中继/传递通信信号，并且沿着其长度向所述聚能射孔弹传播引爆炸药激励。
本公开的其他实施例涉及一种电连接多个射孔枪的方法，所述多个射孔枪各包括前述的引爆索。所述射孔枪可以串联连接，其中第一射孔枪的引爆索与第二射孔枪的引爆索电通信。这种布置减少了每个射孔枪内的线的数量，同时便于通过隔板连接或具有电接触功能的增强套件(booster kit)与相邻射孔枪的连接。
附图说明
将通过参考附图中所示的本发明的具体实施例来提供更具体的描述。应当理解，这些附图仅描述了其典型实施例，因此不应被认为是对其范围的限制，将通过使用附图以附加的具体细节来描述和解释示例性实施例，在附图中：
图1A是根据一个实施例的引爆索/导电引爆索的截面图；
图1B是根据一个实施例的包括绝缘层的引爆索/导电引爆索的截面图；
图2A是图1A所示引爆索的侧面截面图；
图2B是图1B所示引爆索的侧面截面图；
图3A是根据一个实施例的示出了嵌入其中的触头的引爆索/导电引爆索的侧面局部截面图；
图3B是根据一个实施例的示出了围绕引爆索的一部分延伸的触头的引爆索/导电引爆索的侧面局部截面图；
图4A是根据一个实施例的部分地围绕引爆索/导电引爆索延伸并部分地嵌入引爆索/导电引爆索中的开口套管触头的截面图；
图4B是根据一个实施例的包括部分嵌入引爆索/导电引爆索中的传导柱在内的触头的截面图；
图4C是根据一个实施例的触头的截面图，该触头包括传导柱，该传导柱具有保持机构并且部分地嵌入引爆索/导电引爆索中；
图5是图4C的触头的侧面截面图，其示出了多个下部和保持机构；
图6是根据一个实施例的包括引爆索/导电引爆索的射孔枪的侧面截面图；
图6A是图6的射孔枪的侧面透视图，其示出了导电引爆索的布置；
图6B是图6的射孔枪的侧面透视图，其示出了射孔枪的各部件的布置；
图7是图6的射孔枪的一部分的侧面截面图；以及
图8是图6的射孔枪的侧面局部截面图，其示出了容纳在顶部连接器中的雷管，以及从顶部延伸并连接到射孔弹保持器的引爆索。
通过下面的具体实施方式以及附图，实施例的各种特征、方面和优点将变得更加明显，其中在附图及文本中相同的附图标记表示相同的部件。所描述的各种特征不一定按比例绘制，而是绘制成强调与一些实施例相关的特定特征。
本文使用的标题仅用于组织目的，并不意味着限制说明书或权利要求书的范围。为了便于理解，在可能的情况下，使用附图标记来表示图中共有的相同元件。
具体实施方式
现在将详细参考各种实施例。各个示例是以解释的方式提供的，并且不意味着限制，也不构成所有可能实施例的限定。
为了说明实施例的特征，将参考各种附图。图1A至图1B示出了在射孔枪/射孔枪组件中使用的引爆索的各种特征。如将结合各个示出的实施例所讨论的那样，雷管通常是电连接的，这要求通过导线或沿着传导引爆索的长度传输通信信号(即电流)。该电流可用于传输遥测信号，为井下电容器充电，在射孔枪组件中引爆雷管，并与位于射孔枪组件下方的其他设备(例如桥塞安装工具的点火器)通信。引爆索的导电材料有助于减少射孔枪组件中所需的线的数量，并有助于促进多个射孔枪之间的电连接。
本公开的实施例可涉及引爆索/导电引爆索10。引爆索10可以是柔性结构，其允许引爆索10弯曲或包裹在结构周围。根据一个方面，引爆索10可以包括保护结构或鞘16，其防止外部或杂散电流流过引爆索10内的炸药层14。
根据一个方面，并且如图1A至图2B中所示，引爆索10包括炸药层/线性炸药层14。炸药层14可以包括不敏感的次级炸药(即，与初级炸药相比，对静电放电(ESD)、引爆线内摩擦和冲击能量不太敏感的炸药)。根据一个方面，炸药层14包括季戊四醇四硝酸酯(PETN)、环三亚甲基三硝胺(RDX)、八氢-1,3,5,7-四硝基-1,3,5,7-四唑辛/环四亚甲基-四硝胺(HMX)、六硝基二苯乙烯(HNS)、2,6-二苦氨基-3,5-二硝基吡啶(PYX)和九硝基三联苯(NONA)中的至少一种。选择以形成炸药层14的材料的类型可以至少部分地基于材料/炸药的温度暴露、径向输出和爆震速度。在一个实施例中，炸药层包括炸药材料(例如HNS和NONA)的混合物。如本领域普通技术人员将理解的那样，炸药层14可包括压缩炸药材料或压缩炸药粉末。炸药层14可以包括在制造过程中改善炸药粉末的流动性的成分。这样的成分可以包括各种干润滑剂，例如增塑剂、石墨和蜡。
引爆索10还包括导电层12。导电层12被配置为沿着引爆索10的长度L中继/传递通信信号。该通信信号可以是遥测信号。根据一个方面，该通信信号包括以下信号中的至少一个：对射孔枪管柱(string)组件中的雷管进行检查和计数的信号、寻址并切换到某些引爆器的信号、对电容器进行充电的信号和引爆与引爆索10可通信地连接的雷管的信号。引爆索10中的导电层12的集成有助于省略当前使用的电连通线。
根据一个方面，导电层12以隔开的配置围绕炸药层14延伸。如将在下文中更详细地描述的，绝缘层18可以被夹在炸药层12和导电层12之间。引爆索10的导电层14可以包括在绝缘层18周围旋转或缠绕的多根导电线/纤维、或者与绝缘层18形成覆盖关系的导电鞘/预成型导电鞘13。根据一个方面，导电鞘13包括数层的导电编织线/纤维，其被预先制成所需的形状，以允许将导电鞘容易且有效地放置或布置在绝缘层18上。导电编织线的层可被构造为纵横交错或重叠的图案的类型，以使电信号穿过引爆索10时必须传播的有效距离最小化。线的这种布置有助于减小引爆索10的电阻(Ohm/ft或Ohm/m)。导电线和导电编织线可以包括金属纤维或可以涂覆有金属，每个金属纤维或金属涂层均具有规定的电阻值(Ohm/ft或Ohm/m)。可以设想，可以使用包括导电引爆索10的射孔枪来形成更长的枪串(即，在单个串中具有更多的射孔枪)。
图1B和图2B示出了包括绝缘层18的引爆索10。绝缘层18设置/定位在炸药层14和导电层12之间。如图2B所示，例如，绝缘层18可以沿着引爆索10的长度L延伸。根据一个实施例(未示出)，绝缘层18可以仅沿引爆索的长度L的一部分延伸，其中炸药层14将可能与导电层12相邻。绝缘层可以由任何非传导材料形成。根据一个方面，绝缘层18可包括多种非传导芳族聚酰胺线、聚合物(例如，氟丙烯(FEP)、聚酰胺(PA)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)或聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF))和着色添加剂中的至少一种。
引爆索10可包括沿其外表面的材料层，以赋予引爆索10的结构额外的强度和保护。图1A至图2B各示出了位于引爆索10外部的护套/外护套16。根据一个方面，护套16由至少一层编织线形成。护套16可由诸如FEP、PA、PET和PVDF的非传导聚合物材料形成。根据一个方面，护套16由至少一层非传导编织线形成，并被由塑料、复合材料或铅形成的鞘覆盖。
如图1A和图1B所示，护套16围绕导电层12或导电护套13、绝缘层18和炸药层14延伸/包围/包裹导电层12或导电鞘13、绝缘层18和炸药层14。护套16沿着引爆索10的长度L延伸，可能无法透过酸气(FES)、水、钻井液和电流中的至少一种。
根据一个方面，可以将电脉冲、变化的或交流的电流或恒定/直流电流感应到引爆索10的导电层12/导电鞘13中或从中引出。图3A和图3B示出了包括触头20的引爆索10。根据一方面，触头20可以包括金属，例如铝、黄铜、铜、不锈钢或镀锌钢(包括锌)。
触头20被配置成在引爆索10的第一端/接触部分输入通信信号，并在引爆索10的第二端/接触部分输出通信信号。为了促进通信信号的传送，触头20可以至少部分地嵌入引爆索10中。触头20可耦接至引爆索10或以其他方式固定至引爆索10。根据一个方面，触头20压接到引爆索10上，使得触头20刺穿引爆索10的保护性外护套16以接合导电层12或导电鞘13。
图4A示出了围绕护套16的一部分延伸并切入护套16的该部分的触头20。该触头可以包括开口套管21，该开口套管21与导电层12的至少一部分接合并接触。开口套管21包括纵向开口，其允许开口套管21可被临时弯曲或变形以放置在引爆索10上或定位在引爆索10上。开口套管21可包括多个保持特征(未示出)，这些保持特征刺穿护套16并与导电线12接合。
图4B和图4C示出了包括传导柱22的触头20。传导柱22包括上部23和从上部23延伸的至少一个下部24。下部24被配置用于接合引爆索的导电层12，而上部23有利于传导柱22的适当放置/布置，并且如果需要的话，有利于将传导柱22从引爆索10移除。如图所示，例如在图5中，下部24的尺寸可设置成跨引爆索10的(部分或全部)宽度W延伸。根据一个方面并且如图4C和图5中所示，下部24可以包括多个保持机构25。保持机构25可以成形为与引爆索10的至少一层接合的突刺或倒钩。图5示出了刺穿引爆索10的整个宽度W的保持机构25。
尽管在图1A至图5中示出并且在上面详细描述了引爆索10的各层的布置，但是应该理解，这些层可以根据使用引爆索10的应用以不同的顺序布置。例如，导电层12可以是最内层，绝缘层18与导电层相邻，炸药层14围绕绝缘层18延伸(未示出)。护套16围绕各层延伸，并有助于保护引爆索10免受损坏和暴露于不希望的摩擦和液体。
如图6A至图8所示，本公开的其他实施例涉及射孔枪30/相邻的射孔枪130。图6、图6A和图6B和图7示出了包括顶部连接器32、底部连接器34和射孔弹保持器36的射孔枪30/130。如图6所示，多个射孔弹保持器36可在顶部连接器32与底部连接器34之间延伸。每个射孔弹保持器36被配置用于保持聚能射孔弹37。聚能射孔弹37可以是任何尺寸或任何通用形状，例如锥形或矩形。虽然示出的聚能射孔弹37是打开的/未封装的聚能射孔弹，但是可以设想，射孔弹保持器36可以包括封装的聚能射孔弹。
如图6A和图8中所示，射孔枪30/130包括引爆索10。引爆索10可以从顶部连接器32延伸到底部连接器34，并且可以连接到位于射孔枪30中的每个聚能射孔弹37。引爆索10被配置成引爆设置在每个射孔弹保持器36中的聚能射孔弹37。出于方便而非限制的目的，上文关于图1A至图5描述的引爆索10的一般特征在此不再重复。
引爆索10将顶部连接器32电连接至底部连接器34，底部连接器34又连接至相邻的射孔枪130(图6、图6A至图6B和图7)。在该构造中，引爆索10将射孔枪30的顶部连接器32中的接触点/区域电连接到相邻射孔枪130的底部连接器134中的对应接触点/区域。根据一个方面，相邻射孔枪130的顶部连接器132可电连接到另一相邻射孔枪的对应底部连接器。
射孔枪30/相邻射孔枪130可包括一个或多个触头20，其构造基本如上文所述并在图3A至图5中所示的。因此，为了方便而非限制的目的，上文描述并在图3A至图5中示出的触头20的特征和结构在此不再重复。根据一个方面，触头可以包括第一触头和第二触头。第一触头可定位或以其他方式设置在顶部连接器32中，而第二触头可定位或以其他方式设置在底部连接器34中(图6A至图6B和图8)。
射孔枪30还可包括串联式密封适配器38，用于容纳隔板组件40。隔板组件40可包括第一端部/第一电接触端部42和第二端部/第二电接触端部44。根据一个方面，第一端部42电连接至射孔枪30的底部连接器34，第二端部44电连接至相邻(或下游)射孔枪130的顶部连接器132。根据一个方面，通信信号通过串联式密封适配器38的隔板组件至少经由包括导电层12的引爆索10传送到相邻的射孔枪130。
图8示出了布置在顶部连接器32中的雷管31。雷管31通过触头20能量和电耦接到引爆索10。如上文详细所示的，触头20在引爆索10的第一端部/接触部分11a输入通信信号，并且在引爆索10的第二端部/接触部分11b输出通信信号。通信信号是遥测信号、对射孔枪管柱组件中的雷管进行检查和计数的信号、寻址和切换到某些雷管的信号、对电容器进行充电的信号、以及引爆雷管31的信号中的至少一个。
根据一个方面，雷管31是射频安全电子雷管、电阻化/电雷管或使用火工品(fireset)、EFI、EBW、半导体桥和/或点火器的雷管之一。雷管31可以包括线入部分、线出部分和接地触点。雷管31的线入部分可连接至隔板组件40的第二端部44，该第二端部44可电连接至相邻射孔枪130的顶部连接器132。引爆器31的线出部分可连接到相邻隔板组件140的第一端部42，该相邻隔板组件140电连接到相邻射孔枪130的底部连接器134。根据一个方面，相邻射孔枪130可以是最底部的射孔枪，并且通信信号可以是从顶部射孔枪30中继/传送到最底部的射孔枪的电信号。
在各种实施例、配置和方面中，本公开包括如本文中所描绘和描述的实质开发出的部件、方法、过程、系统和/或设备，包括其各种实施例、子组合及其子集。在理解本公开之后，本领域技术人员将理解如何制造和使用本公开。在各种实施例、配置和方面中，本公开包括在缺少本文中未描绘和/或描述的项目的情况下或在本发明的各种实施例中、配置或方面中，提供装置和过程，包括在没有可能已经在先前装置或过程中使用的这样的项目时，例如，用于提高性能、实现容易性和/或者降低实现成本。
短语“至少一个”、“一个或多个”和“和/或”是开放式表达，在操作既是合取又是析取的。例如，“A、B和C中的至少一个”、“A、B或C中的至少一个”、“A、B和C中的一个或多个”、“A、B或C中的一个或多个”以及“A、B、和/或C”中的每种表述是指仅A、仅B、仅C、A和B、A和C、B和C、或A和B和C。
在本说明书和随后的权利要求书中，将参考具有以下含义的多个术语。术语“一”(或“一个”)和“该”是指该实体中的一个或多个，因此包括多个引用，除非上下文另有明确规定。因此，术语“一”(或“一个”)、“一个或多个”和“至少一个”在本文中可互换地使用。此外，引用“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“实施例”等不旨在被解释为排除存在也包含所述特征的附加实施例。在整个说明书和权利要求书中所使用的近似语言可以被应用来修饰任何定量表示，该定量表示可以在允许范围内变化而不导致与其相关的基本功能的改变。因此，由诸如“大约”之类的术语修饰的值不限于所指定的精确值。在一些情况下，近似语言可对应于用于测量该值的仪器的精度。术语如“第一”、“第二”，“上”“下”等用于将一个元件与另一个元件相区别，除非另有说明，这些术语并不意味着是指特定顺序或数量的元件。
如本文中所使用的，术语“可以”和“可以是”表示在一组情况下发生的可能性；拥有特定的属性、特征或功能；和/或通过表达与限定动词相关联的能力、性能或可能性中的一个或多个来限定另一动词。因此，“可以”和“可以是”的使用表示经修改的术语显然是适当的、能够的或适合于所指示的容量、功能或使用的，同时考虑到在一些情况下经修饰的术语有时可能不适当、不能够或不适合。例如，在某些情况下，可以预期某一事件或容量，而在其他情况下则不能发生，这种区别通过术语“可能”和“可能是”来体现。
如在权利要求书中所使用的，词语“包括”及其语法变体在逻辑上也包括不同和不同程度的短语，例如但不限于此，“大致包含”和“包含”组成。必要时，已经提供了范围，并且这些范围包括其间的所有子范围。可以预期的是，这些范围的变化将会对本领域普通技术人员提出自己的建议，并且在还没有专门用于公众的情况下，所附权利要求应当包括这些变化。
已经出于说明和描述的目的给出了本公开的前述讨论。前述内容并非旨在将本公开限制于本文所公开的一种或多种形式。例如，在前述具体实施方式中，为了使本公开流线化，在一个或多个实施例、配置或方面中将本公开的各种特征分组在一起。本公开的实施例、配置或方面的特征可被组合在除了上面讨论的那些之外的替代实施例中、配置、或方面。本公开的该方法不应被解释为反映本公开需要比每个权利要求中明确记载的特征更多的特征的意图。相反，如以下权利要求所反映的，所要求保护的特征在于少于单个前述公开的实施例、配置或方面的所有特征。因此，下面的权利要求在此合并到本具体实施方式中，每个权利要求独立地作为本公开的单独实施例。
科学和技术的进步可以使得现在由于语言的不精确而没有想到的等同物和替换物成为可能；所附权利要求书应当包括这些变化。本书面说明书使用示例来公开方法、机器和计算机可读介质，包括最佳模式，并且还使得本领域的任何普通技术人员能够实践这些内容，包括制造和使用任何设备或系统以及执行任何合并的方法。其可申请专利的范围由权利要求限定，并且可包括本领域普通技术人员想到的其它示例。如果这些其它示例具有与权利要求书的字面语言没有区别的结构元件，或者如果这些其它示例包括与所述权利要求的文字语言无实质性差异的等效结构元件的话，则这些其它示例应在权利要求范围内。

Claims (20)

1.一种供射孔枪使用的引爆索，所述引爆索包括：
炸药层；
导电层，其围绕所述炸药层延伸；以及
护套，其围绕所述导电层延伸，其中
所述炸药层、所述导电层和所述护套各自沿着所述引爆索的长度延伸，并且
所述导电层被配置为传递通信信号。
2.根据权利要求1所述的引爆索，所述引爆索进一步包括：
绝缘层，其在所述炸药层和所述导电层之间沿着所述引爆索的长度延伸。
3.根据权利要求1所述的引爆索，所述引爆索进一步包括：
第一接触部分，其被配置用于接收所述通信信号；以及
第二接触部分，其被配置用于输出所述通信信号，
其中，所述第一接触部分与所述第二接触部分间隔开。
4.根据权利要求3所述的引爆索，所述引爆索进一步包括：
一个或多个触头，其被配置为连接到所述导电层，其中，
所述触头连接到所述第一接触部分和所述第二接触部分中的至少一个，并且
所述触头分别被配置为将所述通信信号输入到所述引爆索或从所述引爆索输出所述通信信号。
5.根据权利要求4所述的引爆索，其中，所述触头包括：
开口套管和传导柱中的至少一个，其中，所述开口套管和所述传导柱刺穿所述护套以接合所述导电层。
6.根据权利要求5所述的引爆索，其中，所述传导柱包括：
上部；以及
从所述上部延伸的至少一个下部，其中
所述下部被配置为用于接合所述导电层。
7.根据权利要求6所述的引爆索，其中，所述下部包括多个保持机构，所述多个保持机构被配置为用于将所述传导柱固定在所述引爆索的至少一部分内。
8.根据权利要求1所述的引爆索，其中，所述导电层包括导电鞘和多根导电线之一。
9.根据权利要求8所述的引爆索，其中，所述导电鞘包括导电编织线层，所述导电编织线层包括多根金属纤维和多根金属涂覆纤维中的至少一种。
10.一种射孔枪，其包括：
顶部连接器，其包括第一触头；
底部连接器，其包括第二触头；
至少一个射孔弹保持器，其位于所述顶部连接器和所述底部连接器之间，其中，所述射孔弹保持器被配置用于保持聚能射孔弹；以及
引爆索，其从所述顶部连接器延伸到所述底部连接器，并且连接到所述聚能射孔弹，所述引爆索包括：
炸药层；
导电层，其围绕所述炸药层延伸，以及
覆盖所述导电层的护套，
其中，所述引爆索被配置成将通信信号从所述第一触头中继到所述第二触头。
11.根据权利要求10所述的射孔枪，所述射孔枪进一步包括：
绝缘层，其在所述炸药层和所述导电层之间沿着所述引爆索的长度延伸。
12.根据权利要求10所述的射孔枪，其中
所述引爆索将所述第一触头电连接到所述第二触头，进一步地其中，所述第一触头连接到上游射孔枪中的上游第二触头，所述第二触头连接到下游射孔枪中的下游第一触头。
13.根据权利要求10所述的射孔枪，其中，所述引爆索被配置成引爆设置在每个射孔弹保持器中的所述聚能射孔弹。
14.根据权利要求10所述的射孔枪，其中，所述触头接合所述导电层的至少一部分，并且被配置为在所述引爆索的第一接触部分处输入所述通信信号和在所述引爆索的第二接触部分处输出所述通信信号。
15.根据权利要求10所述的射孔枪，其中，所述触头包括开口套管和传导柱中的至少一个，其中，所述开口套管和所述传导柱刺穿所述护套以接合所述导电层。
16.根据权利要求10所述的射孔枪，所述射孔枪进一步包括：
雷管，其布置在所述顶部连接器或所述底部连接器中，
其中，所述雷管通过所述触头能量和电耦接到所述引爆索。
17.一种射孔枪，其包括：
顶部连接器；
底部连接器；
至少一个射孔弹保持器，其位于所述顶部连接器和所述底部连接器之间，其中，所述射孔弹保持器被配置用于保持聚能射孔弹；
引爆索，其从所述顶部连接器延伸到所述底部连接器，并且连接到所述聚能射孔弹，所述引爆索包括炸药层、围绕所述炸药层延伸的导电层以及覆盖所述导电层的护套；以及
串联式密封适配器，其被配置用于容纳隔板组件，其中，所述隔板组件的第一端部电连接到所述射孔枪的所述底部连接器，并且所述隔板组件的第二端部电连接到相邻射孔枪的顶部连接器，
其中，所述引爆索被配置成沿所述引爆索的长度传递通信信号，并且所述通信信号通过所述串联式密封适配器传送到所述相邻射孔枪。
18.根据权利要求17所述的射孔枪，所述射孔枪进一步包括：
一个或多个触头，其被配置成连接到所述引爆索的所述导电层，其中，所述触头被配置为在所述引爆索的第一接触部分处输入所述通信信号和在所述引爆索的第二接触部分处输出所述通信信号；以及
雷管，其布置在所述顶部连接器或所述底部连接器中，其中，所述雷管通过所述触头能量和电耦接到所述引爆索。
19.根据权利要求18所述的射孔枪，其中，所述触头包括：
第一触头，其位于所述顶部连接器中；以及
第二触头，其位于所述底部连接器中，其中
所述引爆索将所述第一触头电连接到所述第二触头，
所述第一触头连接到上游射孔枪中的上游第二触头，并且所述第二触头连接到下游射孔枪中的下游第一触头，并且
所述引爆索被配置成引爆设置在每个射孔弹保持器中的聚能射孔弹。
20.根据权利要求18所述的射孔枪，其中
所述引爆索进一步包括绝缘层，该绝缘层在所述炸药层和所述导电层之间沿着所述引爆索的长度延伸，并且
所述触头包括开口套管和传导柱中的至少一个，其中，所述开口套管和所述传导柱刺穿所述护套以接合所述导电层。
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US20220307808A1 (en) 2022-09-29
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US10845177B2 (en) 2020-11-24
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