CN112281468A - 一种防静电阻燃针织物及其制造方法 - Google Patents
一种防静电阻燃针织物及其制造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN112281468A CN112281468A CN201910659232.0A CN201910659232A CN112281468A CN 112281468 A CN112281468 A CN 112281468A CN 201910659232 A CN201910659232 A CN 201910659232A CN 112281468 A CN112281468 A CN 112281468A
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- knitted fabric
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种防静电阻燃针织物及其制造方法,以普通纤维作为原材料,将导电纤维与普通纤维通过捻线进行合股制得导电纱,再在纬编机以1~3 cm的间隔加入导电纱,制得防静电针织物;然后将防静电针织物依次经煮练漂白液、染色整理剂、阻燃整理剂的处理后,再氨熏、氧化、拉幅烘干;其中,煮练漂白液包括煮练酶、过氧化氢、分散剂、防腐剂,阻燃整理剂包括阻燃剂、柔软剂、渗透剂。本发明流程短、成本低,制造过程中氨气的释放量少,优化了生产环境,减少了工人的不适感,同时减少了织物中的甲醛含量;制成的防静电阻燃针织物透气、透湿,兼具防静电和阻燃效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于针织物技术领域,具体涉及一种防静电阻燃针织物及其制造方法。
背景技术
针织物质地松软,除了具有良好的悬垂性、抗皱性和透气透湿性外,还具有较大的延伸性和弹性,是人们较为喜爱的衣物面料。然而由于棉纤维的极限氧指数值仅为17-19%,属于易燃纤维,且具有较大的助燃性,这限制了棉织物的应用范围;并且由于纺织品易燃而造成的小火源蔓延成灾,从而造成人身伤亡和财产损失的事故频发,据统计,一半以上的室内火灾的发生是由纺织品引起的。为了保护人们的生命和财产安全,对棉织物进行阻燃整理显得极为必要。
目前,棉织物常用的阻燃剂以卤素类、含氟类和有机磷系化合物为主,但是卤素类阻燃剂在使用过程中会产生有害物质,对环境造成较大污染,已被欧盟全面禁用。磷系阻燃剂因具有原料易得、反应条件温和、易于操作、低烟、低毒等优点而得到了广泛的应用。对棉织物而言,应用较为成熟的磷系阻燃整理仍以瑞士Ciba-Geigy公司的Pyrovatex CP(N-羟甲基-3-二甲氧磷酰基丙酰胺)工艺和英国Albright&Wilson公司的Proban整理为主。Pyrovatex CP整理的阻燃棉织物耐洗性好、手感柔软,但织物的强力损失高、耐磨性差、加工和服用过程中的游离甲醛释放量高。
Proban整理是棉织物常用的阻燃整理方法,以四羟甲基氯化磷和酰胺的低分子预缩体为阻燃整理剂,将织物在阻燃整理剂中进行浸轧,让磷系化合物渗入到棉纤维的非晶区和间隙中,然后通过氨熏时氨气与预缩体中的羟甲基交联,在纤维内部形成阻燃聚合体,并建立磷氮协效的阻燃协同效应;后经氧化以使纤维内阻燃剂中的三价磷转变为五价磷,使阻燃剂在纤维中的固定化得到进一步的稳定。经过Proban整理的棉织物,在遇到高温火焰时,含磷阻燃剂首先分解成不易挥发的磷酸或多磷酸酐,与纤维素的羟基发生脱水反应,从而使纤维碳化,并且由于氨熏过程中产生了磷氮协同效应,而磷氮键性能高于磷氧键,使磷化合物与羟基反应性增强,所以产生了高效的耐久阻燃性能。经过Proban整理的纯棉阻燃面料,阻燃效果优异,手感柔软,低毒环保,对人体安全可靠,强力损失小,耐用性强,基本上保持原有织物的舒适性和耐用性等,并且产品的阻燃性能可以达到世界多个国家的标准,适合于做各类防护服、床上用品、装饰用品以及儿童阻燃睡衣等,但是该工艺操作复杂,成本高昂,并且生产过程中释放大量的氨气,所得到的织物甲醛含量略高。
棉纤维针织物在穿着使用过程中,会因摩擦引起静电现象,较轻的静电现象会使衣服吸附尘土,降低了穿着的美观和舒适性。随着人们生活水平的提高,对服装的功能性要求日益增多,尤其是在穿着体验方面,因此,赋予棉织物更多的功能性,如防静电、防蚊虫等功能,能够给消费者带来更好的体验。
发明内容
基于现有技术的不足,本发明的目的在于提供了一种防静电阻燃针织物,通过先编织防静电针织物,再合理搭配煮练漂白液、染色整理剂、阻燃整理剂、氨熏与氧化,使针织物不仅具有防静电作用,还保持良好的手感和阻燃效果;本发明还提供了该防静电阻燃针织物的制造方法。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案为:
一种防静电阻燃针织物的制造方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)编织:将导电纤维与普通纤维通过捻线进行合股,得到导电纱,再在纬编机以1~3cm的间隔加入导电纱,制得防静电针织物;
(2)煮练漂白:将防静电针织物置于45~55℃的煮练漂白液中,浴比1:10~20,浸泡30~60分钟,经60~80℃水洗,于100~150℃烘干,得到漂练后的针织物;
(3)将退浆后的针织物置于35~55℃的染色整理剂中,浴比1:8~12,浸泡30~50分钟,经60~80℃水洗,于100~150℃烘干,得到染色后的针织物;
(4)浸轧阻燃整理剂:将染色后的针织物于室温下浸没于阻燃整理剂,采用二浸二轧工艺进行浸轧,轧液率90~110%,然后于70~100℃预烘干2~4分钟,得到浸轧后的针织物;
(5)氨熏:将浸轧后的针织物在氨熏箱中进行氨熏处理,氨熏流量为40~60m3/h,得到氨熏后的针织物;
(6)氧化:将氨熏后的针织物送入液流机中,先用过氧化氢溶液处理8~12分钟,再用碱溶液处理8~12分钟,经55~85℃水洗后,得到氧化后的针织物;
(7)拉幅烘干:将氧化后的针织物送入拉幅机超喂烘干,即得防静电阻燃针织物。
优选地,步骤(1)编织中,所述导电纤维采用炭黑型涤纶基导电纤维,普通纤维采用棉纱线,导电纱的捻度为25~50捻/10cm。
优选地,步骤(2)煮练漂白中,所述煮练漂白液包括以下组分:煮练酶5~8g/L、过氧化氢1~3g/L、分散剂0.4~1g/L、防腐剂0.08~0.12g/L;煮练漂白液中还包括酸性缓冲剂,所述酸性缓冲剂使煮练漂白液的pH为4.5~6。
进一步,所述煮练酶为选自果胶酶、角质酶、纤维素酶、半纤维素酶、蛋白酶及脂肪酶中的一种或两种以上;所述分散剂为脂肪醇与环氧乙烷缩合物;所述防腐剂为苯甲酸钠;所述酸性缓冲剂采用醋酸-醋酸盐。
优选地,步骤(3)染色中,所述染色整理剂包括以下组分:植物染料3~5g/L、柠檬酸或醋酸0.08~0.12g/L。
优选地,步骤(4)中所述阻燃整理剂包括以下组分:阻燃剂300~400g/L、柔软剂20~30g/L、渗透剂2~4g/L。阻燃整理剂中的柔软剂可以防止阻燃整理剂在局部大量聚焦后导致手感发硬,使得阻燃整理剂适度地分散,阻燃整理剂中的渗透剂便于阻燃整理剂渗入织物中,但是大量的添加柔软剂会影响阻燃整理剂的附着力,导致最终阻燃效果的耐久性能下降,因此阻燃整理剂的组分对阻燃效果影响很大。
进一步,所述阻燃剂为四羟甲基氯化磷尿素预缩合物;所述柔软剂采用亲水性柔软剂;所述渗透剂采用非离子低泡渗透剂。
步骤(5)氨熏时,由于环境中的氨气渗入到织物中,氨气与阻燃整理剂进行交联反应,形成了氮磷协同效应,从而使织物具有高效的耐阻燃性能;生产过程中若氨气流量过大会造成浪费且氨气外溢,致使工作环境恶劣,合适的氨气流量控制位50m3/h,车速为10~20米/分钟。
优选地,步骤(6)氧化中,所述过氧化氢溶液的浓度为8~10g/L,所述碱溶液采用浓度为2~3g/L的氢氧化钠溶液。
优选地,步骤(6)中水洗时,水洗温度采用梯度降温,依次为78~82℃水洗20~30分钟,68~72℃水洗8~12分钟,58~62℃水洗8~12分钟;步骤(7)拉幅烘干时,烘干温度80~100℃,车速9~11米/分钟。
采用上述方法制造得到的防静电阻燃针织物。
另外,本发明所用原料均为普通市售产品。本发明所述防静电阻燃针织物制造时,在步骤(7)之后还可根据需要增加处理工序,如增加防蚊虫处理:是将针织物浸轧防蚊整理液,赋予针织物防蚊虫的作用;如增加表面处理:是将针织物浸轧海藻酸钙与羧甲基纤维素钠的混合液,以提高针织物的洗涤寿命。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果在于:
1.本发明通过导电纤维与普通纤维编织成防静电针织衫,再依次经过煮练漂白液、染色整理剂、阻燃整理剂、氨熏、氧化、拉幅烘干处理后,制成防静电阻燃针织物,制造方法简单、流程短、成本低,产品透气、透湿,兼具防静电和阻燃效果,适合夏、秋季穿着。
2.本发明中对氨熏后的针织物直接氧化,可以减少氨气的释放量,同时由于阻燃整理剂要进入棉纤维的无定形区域,与棉纤维的羟基发生交联反应,从而使得阻燃整理剂更加稳定;但是氨处理步骤使得棉纤维的孔道尺寸变小,降低了棉纤维孔道的总体积,不利于阻燃整理剂向棉纤维内部的渗透,因此,氨处理后直接进入氧化步骤减少了氨气与棉纤维的作用时间,使阻燃剂向棉纤维内部的渗透程度更深,阻燃性能就会增强,由此以来,较小的氨气流量便可达到较强的阻燃性能。通过氧化棉纤维内阻燃整理剂中的三价磷转变为五价磷,使阻燃整理剂在纤维中得到进一步加固,该方法制造的针织物具有较优的阻燃性能。
3.本发明在浸轧阻燃整理剂前,煮练漂白液可以保证针织物的手感和渗透性,有助于后续工序的效果;阻燃整理剂中的柔软剂进一步改善针织物的手感,并提高针织物的吸湿性,提高了衣物的亲肤性。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的技术目的、技术方案和有益效果更加清楚,下面结合具体实施例对本发明的技术方案作出进一步的说明,但所述实施例旨在解释本发明,而不能理解为对本发明的限制,下述实施例中各工序所用的设备及其未注明具体条件者,按照本领域内的文献所描述的技术或条件或者按照产品说明书进行。
下述实施例中所用导电纤维采用28dtex/5f炭黑型涤纶基导电纤维;煮练酶采用果胶酶与纤维素酶按照质量比1:1混合而成,购自郑州君凯化工产品有限公司;渗透剂选用非离子低泡渗透剂(脂肪醇聚氧烷基醚),品牌为海石花,型号为SF;分散剂(成分:脂肪醇与环氧乙烷缩合物),品牌为海石花,型号为IW;苯甲酸钠品牌为正洋化工;阻燃剂(四羟甲基氯化磷尿素预缩合物,CAS号为27104-30-9),购自常熟新特化工有限公司;亲水性柔软剂选用含有氨基基团的有机硅亲水柔软剂,品牌为嘉宏科技,型号为Goon1260;海藻酸钙(CAS:9005-35-0)购自荣德海藻,羧甲基纤维素钠购自河南瑞华生物科技有限公司,型号为FVH9。
实施例1
一种防静电阻燃针织物的制造方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)编织:选取棉纱线作为面料织造的原材料,将导电纤维与棉纱线通过捻线进行合股,得到导电纱,导电纱的捻度为40捻/10cm;再在纬编机以2cm的间隔加入导电纱,制得防静电针织物。
(2)煮练漂白:将防静电针织物置于50℃的煮练漂白液中,浴比1:10,浸泡40分钟,经70℃水洗,于120℃烘干,得到漂练后的针织物;
其中,每升煮练漂白液(pH=4.5)按照下述方法配置:将2.99g醋酸钠用水溶解,再加入2mol/L醋酸溶液14.0mL,用水稀释至1000mL;然后依次加入0.1g苯甲酸钠、0.7g分散剂、2g过氧化氢(6mL 30%H2O2溶液)、7g煮练酶,搅拌分散均匀,即得煮练漂白液。
(3)染色:将退浆后的针织物置于45℃的染色整理剂中,浴比1:10,浸泡40分钟,经经70℃水洗,120℃烘干,得到染色后的针织物;
其中,每升染色整理剂按照下述方法配置:将0.1mL醋酸稀释至500mL,加入4g植物染料(采用普通市售的植物染料即可),再用水稀释至1000mL,搅拌分散均匀,即得染色整理剂。
(4)浸轧阻燃整理剂:将染色后的针织物于室温下浸没于阻燃整理剂,采用二浸二轧工艺进行浸轧,轧液率100%,然后于85℃预烘干3分钟,得到浸轧后的针织物;
其中,每升阻燃整理剂按照下述方法配置:将350g阻燃剂分散于500mL水中,再稀释至1L,然后依次加入25g亲水性柔软剂、3g非离子低泡渗透剂,搅拌分散均匀,即得阻燃整理剂。
(5)氨熏:将浸轧后的针织物在氨熏箱中进行氨熏处理,氨熏流量为50m3/h,得到氨熏后的针织物;
(6)氧化:将9g/L过氧化氢溶液加到液流机中,运行5分钟,将氨熏后的针织物送入液流机中,运行10分钟后,放料,得到初氧化的针织物;将2.5g/L氢氧化钠溶液加到液流机中,运行5分钟,将初氧化的针织物送入液流机中,运行10分钟后,放料;
然后分三阶段水洗:第一阶段,用80℃水洗10分钟,溢流5分钟后放水,重复两次;第二阶段用70℃水洗10分钟;第三阶段用60℃水洗10分钟,得到氧化后的针织物。
(7)拉幅烘干:将氧化后的针织物送入拉幅机进行拉幅整理,再于90℃烘干,车速10米/分钟,即得防静电阻燃针织物。
实施例1所制得防静电阻燃针织物的规格及物理指标如表1所示。
表1防静电阻燃针织物的规格及物理指标
实施例2
一种防静电阻燃针织物的制造方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)编织:选取棉纱线作为面料织造的原材料,将导电纤维与棉纱线通过捻线进行合股,得到导电纱,导电纱的捻度为40捻/10cm;再在纬编机以2cm的间隔加入导电纱,制得防静电针织物。
(2)煮练漂白:将防静电针织物置于55℃的煮练漂白液中,浴比1:10,浸泡60分钟,经60℃水洗,于100℃烘干,得到漂练后的针织物;
其中,每升煮练漂白液(pH=5.5)按照下述方法配置:将5.98g醋酸钠用水溶解,再加入2mol/L醋酸溶液3.0mL,用水稀释至1000mL;然后依次0.08g苯甲酸钠、0.4g分散剂、1g过氧化氢(3mL 30%H2O2溶液)、5g煮练酶,搅拌分散均匀,即得煮练漂白液。
(3)染色:将退浆后的针织物置于55℃的染色整理剂中,浴比1:12,浸泡50分钟,经经60℃水洗,100℃烘干,得到染色后的针织物;
其中,每升染色整理剂按照下述方法配置:将0.1mL醋酸稀释至500mL,加入3g植物染料,再用水稀释至1000mL,搅拌分散均匀,即得染色整理剂。
(4)浸轧阻燃整理剂:将染色后的针织物于室温下浸没于阻燃整理剂,采用二浸二轧工艺进行浸轧,轧液率100%,然后于85℃预烘干3分钟,得到浸轧后的针织物;
其中,每升阻燃整理剂按照下述方法配置:将300g阻燃剂分散于500mL水中,再稀释至1L,然后依次加入20g亲水性柔软剂、2g非离子低泡渗透剂,搅拌分散均匀,即得阻燃整理剂。
(5)氨熏:将浸轧后的针织物在氨熏箱中进行氨熏处理,氨熏流量为50m3/h,得到氨熏后的针织物;
(6)氧化:将8g/L过氧化氢溶液加到液流机中,运行5分钟,将氨熏后的针织物送入液流机中,运行10分钟后,放料,得到初氧化的针织物;将2g/L氢氧化钠溶液加到液流机中,运行5分钟,将初氧化的针织物送入液流机中,运行10分钟后,放料;
然后分三阶段水洗:第一阶段,用80℃水洗10分钟,溢流5分钟后放水,重复两次;第二阶段用70℃水洗10分钟;第三阶段用60℃水洗10分钟,得到氧化后的针织物。
(7)拉幅烘干:将氧化后的针织物送入拉幅机进行拉幅整理,再于90℃烘干,车速10米/分钟,即得防静电阻燃针织物。
实施例3
一种防静电阻燃针织物的制造方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)编织:选取棉纱线作为面料织造的原材料,将导电纤维与棉纱线通过捻线进行合股,得到导电纱,导电纱的捻度为50捻/10cm;再在纬编机以2cm的间隔加入导电纱,制得防静电针织物。
(2)煮练漂白:将防静电针织物置于45℃的煮练漂白液中,浴比1:10,浸泡30分钟,经80℃水洗,于150℃烘干,得到漂练后的针织物;
其中,每升煮练漂白液(pH=5.8)按照下述方法配置:将6.23g醋酸钠用水溶解,再加入2mol/L醋酸溶液2.1mL,用水稀释至1000mL;然后依次0.12g苯甲酸钠、1.0g分散剂、3g过氧化氢(9mL 30%H2O2溶液)、8g煮练酶,搅拌分散均匀,即得煮练漂白液。
(3)染色:将退浆后的针织物置于35℃的染色整理剂中,浴比1:8,浸泡30分钟,经经80℃水洗,150℃烘干,得到染色后的针织物;
其中,每升染色整理剂按照下述方法配置:将0.1mL醋酸稀释至500mL,加入5g植物染料,再用水稀释至1000mL,搅拌分散均匀,即得染色整理剂。
(4)浸轧阻燃整理剂:将染色后的针织物于室温下浸没于阻燃整理剂,采用二浸二轧工艺进行浸轧,轧液率100%,然后于85℃预烘干3分钟,得到浸轧后的针织物;
其中,每升阻燃整理剂按照下述方法配置:将400g阻燃剂分散于500mL水中,再稀释至1L,然后依次加入30g亲水性柔软剂、4g非离子低泡渗透剂,搅拌分散均匀,即得阻燃整理剂。
(5)氨熏:将浸轧后的针织物在氨熏箱中进行氨熏处理,氨熏流量为50m3/h,得到氨熏后的针织物;
(6)氧化:将10g/L过氧化氢溶液加到液流机中,运行5分钟,将氨熏后的针织物送入液流机中,运行10分钟后,放料,得到初氧化的针织物;将3g/L氢氧化钠溶液加到液流机中,运行5分钟,将初氧化的针织物送入液流机中,运行10分钟后,放料;
然后分三阶段水洗:第一阶段,用80℃水洗10分钟,溢流5分钟后放水,重复两次;第二阶段用70℃水洗10分钟;第三阶段用60℃水洗10分钟,得到氧化后的针织物。
(7)拉幅烘干:将氧化后的针织物送入拉幅机进行拉幅整理,再于100℃烘干,车速10米/分钟,即得防静电阻燃针织物。
实施例4
一种防静电阻燃针织物的制造方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)编织:选取棉纱线作为面料织造的原材料,将导电纤维与棉纱线通过捻线进行合股,得到导电纱,导电纱的捻度为40捻/10cm;再在纬编机以2cm的间隔加入导电纱,制得防静电针织物。
(2)煮练漂白:将防静电针织物置于50℃的煮练漂白液中,浴比1:10,浸泡40分钟,经70℃水洗,于120℃烘干,得到漂练后的针织物;
其中,每升煮练漂白液(pH=4.5)按照下述方法配置:将2.99g醋酸钠用水溶解,再加入2mol/L醋酸溶液14.0mL,用水稀释至1000mL;然后依次加入0.1g苯甲酸钠、0.7g分散剂、2g过氧化氢(6mL 30%H2O2溶液)、7g煮练酶,搅拌分散均匀,即得煮练漂白液。
(3)染色:将退浆后的针织物置于45℃的染色整理剂中,浴比1:10,浸泡40分钟,经经70℃水洗,120℃烘干,得到染色后的针织物;
其中,每升染色整理剂按照下述方法配置:将0.1mL醋酸稀释至500mL,加入4g植物染料(采用普通市售的植物染料即可),再用水稀释至1000mL,搅拌分散均匀,即得染色整理剂。
(4)浸轧阻燃整理剂:将染色后的针织物于室温下浸没于阻燃整理剂,采用二浸二轧工艺进行浸轧,轧液率100%,然后于85℃预烘干3分钟,得到浸轧后的针织物;
其中,每升阻燃整理剂按照下述方法配置:将350g阻燃剂分散于500mL水中,再稀释至1L,然后依次加入25g亲水性柔软剂、3g非离子低泡渗透剂,搅拌分散均匀,即得阻燃整理剂。
(5)氨熏:将浸轧后的针织物在氨熏箱中进行氨熏处理,氨熏流量为50m3/h,得到氨熏后的针织物;
(6)氧化:将9g/L过氧化氢溶液加到液流机中,运行5分钟,将氨熏后的针织物送入液流机中,运行10分钟后,放料,得到初氧化的针织物;将2.5g/L氢氧化钠溶液加到液流机中,运行5分钟,将初氧化的针织物送入液流机中,运行10分钟后,放料;
然后分三阶段水洗:第一阶段,用80℃水洗10分钟,溢流5分钟后放水,重复两次;第二阶段用70℃水洗10分钟;第三阶段用60℃水洗10分钟,得到氧化后的针织物。
(7)拉幅烘干:将氧化后的针织物送入拉幅机进行拉幅整理,再于90℃烘干,车速10米/分钟。
(8)表面处理:将经过拉幅烘干的针织物于室温下浸轧表面整理剂,二浸二轧,车速30m/min,轧液率70%,然后于30℃保温40分钟,再于75℃烘干,即得防静电阻燃针织物;
其中,每升表面整理剂按照下述方法配置:将140mL乙醇用水稀释至1000mL,然后依次加入65g海藻酸钙、5g羧甲基纤维素钠,搅拌分散均匀,即得表面整理剂。
实施例4与实施例1相比,区别在于:实施例4最后增加了一步表面处理。
效果测试
阻燃性能测试采用GB/T5455燃烧性能试验垂直法,其中阻燃性能的B1级标准为:损毁长度≤150mm,续燃时间≤5s,阴燃时间≤5s;B2级标准为:损毁长度≤200mm,续燃时间≤15s,阴燃时间≤10s。
经检测,实施例1~4所得防静电阻燃针织物的损毁长度≤110mm、续燃时间≤2.8s、阴燃时间≤3s,阻燃性能均达到了B1级标准。
参照GB/T 16801-2013《织物调理剂抗静电性能的测定》,对实施例1~4所得防静电阻燃针织物表面电阻率进行检测,结果如表2所示。
表2防静电阻燃针织物抗静电性能评价
同时,对实施例1~4所得防静电阻燃针织物进行静电吸灰检测:在培养皿内底部铺满烟灰,将防静电阻燃针织物裁成边长大于培养皿直径的正方形,作为试样;将试样在橡胶棒上摩擦10次后,立即将试样摩擦面下盖在培养皿上(保持试样在培养皿口平直状态),1min后取下织物,根据试样上吸附烟灰的多少进行评级,5级为最好,1级为最差。
评级依据:
1级:试样摩擦部位吸满烟灰;
2级:试样摩擦部位有较多烟灰黏附;
3级:试样表面有一些烟灰黏附;
4级:试样表面有轻微烟灰黏附;
5级:试样表面无烟灰黏附。
经检测,实施例1~4制得的防静电阻燃针织物结果均为5级;50次水洗后,按照上述方法再次进行静电吸灰检测,实施例1~3制得的防静电阻燃针织物结果均为4级,实施例4制得的防静电阻燃针织物结果为5级。
由上述检测可见,本发明实施例1~4制得的防静电阻燃针织物具有良好的防静电效果;且后续表面处理,可以有效保护针织物,提高针织物的耐水洗性能,也能有助于杜绝针织物因摩擦产生的静电,进一步提高穿着的舒适感。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式,其描述较为具体和详细,但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进,这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种防静电阻燃针织物的制造方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)编织:将导电纤维与普通纤维通过捻线进行合股,得到导电纱,再在纬编机以1~3cm的间隔加入导电纱,制得防静电针织物;
(2)煮练漂白:将防静电针织物置于45~55℃的煮练漂白液中,浴比1:10~20,浸泡30~60分钟,经60~80℃水洗,于100~150℃烘干,得到漂练后的针织物;
(3)染色:将退浆后的针织物置于35~55℃的染色整理剂中,浴比1:8~12,浸泡30~50分钟,经60~80℃水洗,于100~150℃烘干,得到染色后的针织物;
(4)浸轧阻燃整理剂:将染色后的针织物于室温下浸没于阻燃整理剂,采用二浸二轧工艺进行浸轧,轧液率90~110%,然后于70~100℃预烘干2~4分钟,得到浸轧后的针织物;
(5)氨熏:将浸轧后的针织物在氨熏箱中进行氨熏处理,氨熏流量为40~60 m3/h,得到氨熏后的针织物;
(6)氧化:将氨熏后的针织物送入液流机中,先用过氧化氢溶液处理8~12分钟,再用碱溶液处理8~12分钟,经55~85℃水洗后,得到氧化后的针织物;
(7)拉幅烘干:将氧化后的针织物送入拉幅机超喂烘干,即得防静电阻燃针织物。
2.根据权利要求1所述防静电阻燃针织物的制造方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)编织中,所述导电纤维采用炭黑型涤纶基导电纤维,普通纤维采用棉纱线,导电纱的捻度为25~50捻/10 cm。
3.根据权利要求1所述防静电阻燃针织物的制造方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)煮练漂白中,所述煮练漂白液包括以下组分:煮练酶5~8 g/L、过氧化氢1~3 g/L、分散剂0.4~1 g/L、防腐剂0.08~0.12 g/L;煮练漂白液中还包括酸性缓冲剂,所述酸性缓冲剂使煮练漂白液的pH为4.5~6。
4.根据权利要求3所述防静电阻燃针织物的制造方法,其特征在于:所述煮练酶为选自果胶酶、角质酶、纤维素酶、半纤维素酶、蛋白酶及脂肪酶中的一种或两种以上;所述分散剂为脂肪醇与环氧乙烷缩合物;所述防腐剂为苯甲酸钠;所述酸性缓冲剂采用醋酸-醋酸盐。
5.根据权利要求1所述防静电阻燃针织物的制造方法,其特征在于:步骤(3)染色中,所述染色整理剂包括以下组分:植物染料3~5g/L、柠檬酸或醋酸0.08~0.12 g/L。
6.根据权利要求1所述防静电阻燃针织物的制造方法,其特征在于:步骤(4)中所述阻燃整理剂包括以下组分:阻燃剂300~400 g/L、柔软剂20~30 g/L、渗透剂2~4 g/L。
7.根据权利要求6所述防静电阻燃针织物的制造方法,其特征在于:所述阻燃剂为四羟甲基氯化磷尿素预缩合物;所述柔软剂采用亲水性柔软剂;所述渗透剂采用非离子低泡渗透剂。
8.根据权利要求1所述防静电阻燃针织物的制造方法,其特征在于:步骤(6)氧化中,所述过氧化氢溶液的浓度为8~10 g/L,所述碱溶液采用浓度为2~3 g/L的氢氧化钠溶液。
9.根据权利要求1所述防静电阻燃针织物的制造方法,其特征在于:步骤(6)中水洗时,水洗温度采用梯度降温,依次为78~82℃水洗20~30分钟,68~72℃水洗8~12分钟,58~62℃水洗8~12分钟;步骤(7)拉幅烘干时,烘干温度80~100℃,车速9~11米/分钟。
10.采用权利要求1至9任一所述方法制造得到的防静电阻燃针织物。
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