CN112279693A - Biological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Biological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112279693A
CN112279693A CN202011010659.7A CN202011010659A CN112279693A CN 112279693 A CN112279693 A CN 112279693A CN 202011010659 A CN202011010659 A CN 202011010659A CN 112279693 A CN112279693 A CN 112279693A
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China
Prior art keywords
powder
organic fertilizer
parts
saccharomyces cerevisiae
lactobacillus casei
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Pending
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CN202011010659.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
冯艳忠
刘娣
何鑫淼
陈赫书
王文涛
田明
刘自广
吴赛辉
于晓龙
张海峰
何海娟
亓美玉
王欣
郭振华
孟详仁
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Institute of Animal Husbandry of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Institute of Animal Husbandry of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Priority to CN202011010659.7A priority Critical patent/CN112279693A/en
Publication of CN112279693A publication Critical patent/CN112279693A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
    • C05F11/08—Organic fertilisers containing added bacterial cultures, mycelia or the like
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Abstract

The invention discloses a biological organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, wherein the biological organic fertilizer is prepared from raw materials consisting of animal wastes, lactobacillus casei and saccharomyces cerevisiae. The raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 850 portions of animal waste, 1000 portions of lactobacillus casei powder, 0.07-7 portions of saccharomyces cerevisiae powder and 0.03-3 portions of saccharomyces cerevisiae powder. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a mixed material, uniformly mixing animal wastes with lactobacillus casei and saccharomyces cerevisiae to obtain the mixed material, and adding water to adjust the water content of the mixed material; and (3) fermenting, wherein the initial pH of the material is natural, the material is piled up and fermented at the temperature higher than 4 ℃, the fermentation is finished when the difference between the internal temperature of the fermented material and the ambient temperature is less than or equal to 10 ℃ and the state lasts for more than 10 days, and the product is used as the bio-organic fertilizer. The invention can convert organic matters in the animal excrement into organic fertilizer, realize the recycling of the animal excrement, reduce the environmental pollution, promote the growth of crops and improve the yield of the crops.

Description

Biological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, and particularly relates to a biological organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, with the development of economy in China and the improvement of the living standard of people, the demands of domestic markets on livestock and poultry products are continuously increased, the rapid development of livestock and poultry breeding is promoted, and large-scale and industrialized farms and breeding enterprises grow rapidly. The method provides abundant livestock and poultry products for people, but the livestock and poultry can generate a large amount of wastes such as excrement and the like in the growth process, if the wastes cannot be timely recycled, the problem of serious environmental pollution can be caused, and the sustainable development of social economy is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a biological organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, which are used for converting organic matters in animal wastes into the organic fertilizer, realizing the recycling treatment of the animal wastes and reducing the environmental pollution.
On one hand, the invention provides a bio-organic fertilizer which is prepared from raw materials consisting of animal wastes, lactobacillus casei powder and saccharomyces cerevisiae powder.
Preferably, the bio-organic fertilizer is prepared by mixing the raw materials, adjusting the moisture content to 20-85%, and then stacking and fermenting at a temperature higher than 4 ℃.
Preferably, the raw materials comprise, by weight, 850-1000 parts of the animal wastes, 0.07-7 parts of the lactobacillus casei powder and 0.03-3 parts of the saccharomyces cerevisiae powder.
Preferably, the raw materials consist of 850 parts of the animal wastes, 0.07 part of the lactobacillus casei powder and 3 parts of the saccharomyces cerevisiae powder by weight.
Preferably, the raw materials comprise 900 parts of the animal wastes, 3.7 parts of the lactobacillus casei powder and 2.1 parts of the saccharomyces cerevisiae powder by weight.
Preferably, the raw materials consist of 940 parts of animal wastes, 5.5 parts of lactobacillus casei powder and 1.1 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae powder by weight.
Preferably, the raw materials comprise 1000 parts of the animal wastes, 7 parts of the lactobacillus casei powder and 0.03 part of the saccharomyces cerevisiae powder by weight.
Preferably, the bacterium content of the lactobacillus casei powder is more than or equal to 1.5 multiplied by 1010cfu/g, the bacterium content of the saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterium powder is more than or equal to 4.0 multiplied by 109cfu/g。
On the other hand, the invention also provides a preparation method of the biological organic fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing a mixed material, uniformly mixing animal wastes with lactobacillus casei powder and saccharomyces cerevisiae powder to obtain a mixed material, and adding water to adjust the water content of the mixed material; and
and 2, fermenting, wherein the initial pH of the material is natural, stacking and fermenting at the temperature higher than 4 ℃, ending the fermentation when the difference between the internal temperature of the fermented material and the ambient temperature is less than or equal to 10 ℃ and the state lasts for more than 10 days, and taking the fermented product as the bio-organic fertilizer.
Preferably, the period of the fermentation is 20 to 100 days.
The biological organic fertilizer can convert organic matters in animal excrement into organic fertilizer, realize the recycling of the animal excrement, reduce the environmental pollution, promote the growth of crops and improve the yield of the crops.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments, and the advantages and features of the invention will become apparent as the description proceeds. It should be understood that the examples are illustrative only and are not limiting upon the scope of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and that such changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
In the following description, all methods involved are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified. The starting materials mentioned are all those which are commercially available from the public unless otherwise specified.
The animal waste is fermented by lactobacillus casei and saccharomyces cerevisiae to prepare the biological organic fertilizer. The organic matters in the animal excrement are converted into organic fertilizers, so that the recycling of the animal excrement is realized, the environmental pollution is reduced, the growth of crops can be promoted and the yield of the crops can be increased by applying the organic fertilizer.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the bio-organic fertilizer is prepared from raw materials consisting of animal wastes, lactobacillus casei powder and saccharomyces cerevisiae powder. The specific preparation process comprises the following steps: step 1, preparing a mixed material; and step 2, stacking and fermenting the mixed materials.
In the step 1 of preparing the mixed material, various raw material components are weighed according to a preset weight ratio, then all the raw materials are stirred and mixed, and simultaneously, clear water is added into the mixture to adjust the water content of the mixed material. The weight ratio of each component in the raw materials is respectively optimized as follows: 850 portions of animal waste, 0.07 to 7 portions of lactobacillus casei powder and 0.03 to 3 portions of saccharomyces cerevisiae powder, and the water content of the mixed materials is preferably 20 to 85 percent.
In step 2 of carrying out facultative fermentation on the mixed materials, the initial pH of the materials is natural, and the materials are subjected to stacking fermentation at the temperature higher than 4 ℃. And finishing the fermentation when the difference between the internal temperature of the fermented material and the ambient temperature is less than or equal to 10 ℃ and the state lasts for more than 10 days to obtain the bio-organic fertilizer. Since the fermentation process is affected by the kind of raw material, fermentation mode, external environmental conditions (such as temperature change), etc., the specific fermentation period is determined according to the actual fermentation condition, preferably 20-100 days.
In the preparation process of the biological organic fertilizer, the bacterium content of the lactobacillus casei bacterium powder is more than or equal to 1.5 multiplied by 1010cfu/g, the bacteria content of the saccharomyces cerevisiae powder is more than or equal to 4.0 multiplied by 109cfu/g。
The strains can be prepared by themselves, and lactobacillus casei and saccharomyces cerevisiae are fermented and cultured in corresponding liquid culture media to obtain bacterial liquids. Then separating thalli from the fermentation culture, drying and concentrating to prepare single-strain solid bacterial powder, wherein the bacterial content of each single-strain bacterial powder is as follows: lactobacillus casei is more than or equal to 1.5 multiplied by 1010cfu/g, Saccharomyces cerevisiae is greater than or equal to 4.0 multiplied by 109cfu/g。
To help better understand the technical scheme of the present invention, the following examples are provided for illustrating the bio-organic fertilizer and the preparation process thereof according to the present invention.
Example one
The raw materials of the bio-organic fertilizer comprise 850 parts of animal manure, 0.07 part of lactobacillus casei powder and 3 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae powder by weight. Wherein the content of Lactobacillus casei powder is not less than 1.5 × 1010cfu/g, the bacteria content of the saccharomyces cerevisiae powder is more than or equal to 4.0 multiplied by 109cfu/g。
The biological organic fertilizer is prepared by the following steps.
Step 1, mixing raw materials to prepare a mixed material, adding animal manure, lactobacillus casei powder and saccharomyces cerevisiae powder, stirring and mixing, and adding clear water while mixing and stirring to adjust the water content of the mixed material to 20%.
And 2, fermenting, namely performing stacking fermentation for 70 days at the temperature higher than 4 ℃ under the condition that the initial pH of the material is natural. And (3) ending the fermentation when the difference between the internal temperature of the fermented material and the ambient temperature is less than or equal to 10 ℃ for 15 days, and taking the fermented product as the bio-organic fertilizer 1.
Example two
The raw materials of the bio-organic fertilizer comprise, by weight, 900 parts of animal wastes, 3.7 parts of lactobacillus casei powder and 2.1 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae powder. Wherein the content of Lactobacillus casei powder is not less than 1.5 × 1010cfu/g, the bacteria content of the saccharomyces cerevisiae powder is more than or equal to 4.0 multiplied by 109cfu/g。
The biological organic fertilizer is prepared by the following steps.
Step 1, mixing raw materials to prepare a mixed material, adding animal manure, lactobacillus casei powder and saccharomyces cerevisiae powder, stirring and mixing, and adding clear water while mixing and stirring to adjust the water content of the mixed material to 50%.
And 2, fermenting, namely performing stacking fermentation for 20 days at the temperature higher than 4 ℃ under the condition that the initial pH of the material is natural. And (3) ending the fermentation when the difference between the internal temperature of the fermented material and the ambient temperature is less than or equal to 10 ℃ for 10 days, and taking the fermented product as the bio-organic fertilizer 2.
EXAMPLE III
The raw materials of the bio-organic fertilizer comprise 940 parts of animal wastes, 5.5 parts of lactobacillus casei powder and 1.1 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae powder by weight. Wherein the content of Lactobacillus casei powder is not less than 1.5 × 1010cfu/g, the bacteria content of the saccharomyces cerevisiae powder is more than or equal to 4.0 multiplied by 109cfu/g。
The biological organic fertilizer is prepared by the following steps.
Step 1, mixing raw materials to prepare a mixed material, adding animal manure, lactobacillus casei powder and saccharomyces cerevisiae powder, stirring and mixing, and adding clear water while stirring to adjust the water content of the mixed material to 65%.
And 2, fermenting, namely performing stacking fermentation for 35 days at the temperature higher than 4 ℃ under the condition that the initial pH of the material is natural. And (3) ending the fermentation when the difference between the internal temperature of the fermented material and the ambient temperature is less than or equal to 10 ℃ for 13 days, and taking the fermented product as the bio-organic fertilizer 3.
Example four
The raw materials of the bio-organic fertilizer comprise 1000 parts of animal wastes, 7 parts of lactobacillus casei powder and 0.03 part of saccharomyces cerevisiae powder by weight. Wherein the content of Lactobacillus casei powder is not less than 1.5 × 1010cfu/g, the bacteria content of the saccharomyces cerevisiae powder is more than or equal to 4.0 multiplied by 109cfu/g。
The biological organic fertilizer is prepared by the following steps.
Step 1, mixing raw materials to prepare a mixed material, adding animal manure, lactobacillus casei powder and saccharomyces cerevisiae powder, stirring and mixing, and adding clear water while mixing and stirring to adjust the water content of the mixed material to 85%.
And 2, fermenting, namely performing stacking fermentation on the materials at the temperature higher than 4 ℃ for 100 days, wherein the initial pH of the materials is natural. And (3) ending the fermentation when the difference between the internal temperature of the fermented material and the ambient temperature is less than or equal to 10 ℃ for 12 days, and taking the fermented product as the bio-organic fertilizer 4.
In order to help better understand the technical scheme of the invention, a test example of Chinese cabbage planting is provided below for illustrating the application effect of the invention.
The first test example: influence of bio-organic fertilizer on growth of Chinese cabbage
A Chinese cabbage planting test of 80 days is carried out in a Waspar shop in Liaoning province, the same field is selected, the basic physicochemical properties of field soil are that the pH value is 6.4, the organic matter content of plough layer soil is 11.21g/kg, the total nitrogen content is 1.15g/kg, the total phosphorus content is 0.58g/kg, the total potassium content is 17.30g/kg, the quick-acting phosphorus content is 5.8mg/kg, the quick-acting potassium content is 75.02mg/kg, and the alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content is 86.45 mg/kg. The test design comprises 5 groups of test designs, 4 test groups and 1 control group, each group of test designs comprises 3 test cells, and the area of each test cell is 20m2All test cells are randomly distributed.
The test planting variety is selected from Beijing Xin III, the direct seeding is adopted in late 7 months, the field planting is carried out at the beginning of 8 months, and about 70 seedlings are left in each cell. The test group adopts a hole application mode, the control group does not apply the bio-organic fertilizer, and the test group is according to 3000kg/hm2The bio-organic fertilizer prepared by the invention is applied in the dosage. 0.75 kg of diammonium phosphate is applied to each cell in the seedling stage. Watering and spraying the pesticide according to the growth condition. Harvested in 10 middle of the month.
Observing and recording the growth condition of the Chinese cabbage from 5 days after the plant field planting, and observing once every 15 days. Each cell was randomly picked 10 plants each to record plant height, number of outer leaves, leaf-bulb height, bulb diameter, and cell yield. After the test, the average plant height, the average outer leaf number, the average leaf ball height, the average ball diameter, the average leaf ball compactness and the average cell yield of each group of Chinese cabbages are calculated, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0002697456560000051
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the 4 groups of Chinese cabbages applied with the bio-organic fertilizer are obviously higher than the control group in five properties of plant height, outer leaf number, leaf ball height, ball diameter and cell yield. Therefore, the prepared biological organic fertilizer 1-4 can obviously promote the growth of the Chinese cabbage and improve the yield of the Chinese cabbage.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present specification, or any other related technical fields directly or indirectly, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A bio-organic fertilizer is prepared from animal waste, Lactobacillus casei powder and Saccharomyces cerevisiae powder.
2. The bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the biological organic fertilizer is prepared by mixing the raw materials, adjusting the moisture content to be 20-85%, and then stacking and fermenting at the temperature higher than 4 ℃.
3. The bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the raw materials comprise, by weight, 850-1000 parts of the animal manure, 0.07-7 parts of the lactobacillus casei powder and 0.03-3 parts of the saccharomyces cerevisiae powder.
4. The bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that: the raw materials comprise 850 parts of the animal manure, 0.07 part of the lactobacillus casei powder and 3 parts of the saccharomyces cerevisiae powder by weight.
5. The bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that: the raw materials comprise, by weight, 900 parts of the animal manure, 3.7 parts of the lactobacillus casei powder and 2.1 parts of the saccharomyces cerevisiae powder.
6. The bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that: the raw materials comprise 940 parts of animal wastes, 5.5 parts of lactobacillus casei powder and 1.1 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae powder by weight.
7. The bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that: the raw materials comprise, by weight, 1000 parts of the animal manure, 7 parts of the lactobacillus casei powder and 0.03 part of the saccharomyces cerevisiae powder.
8. Bio-organic fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: the content of the lactobacillus casei powder is more than or equal to 1.5 multiplied by 1010cfu/g, the bacterium content of the saccharomyces cerevisiae bacterium powder is more than or equal to 4.0 multiplied by 109cfu/g。
9. A preparation method of a biological organic fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following steps: the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing a mixed material, uniformly mixing animal wastes with lactobacillus casei powder and saccharomyces cerevisiae powder to obtain a mixed material, and adding water to adjust the water content of the mixed material;
and 2, fermenting, wherein the initial pH of the material is natural, stacking and fermenting at the temperature higher than 4 ℃, ending the fermentation when the difference between the internal temperature of the fermented material and the ambient temperature is less than or equal to 10 ℃ and the state lasts for more than 10 days, and taking the fermented product as the bio-organic fertilizer.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein: the fermentation period is 20-100 days.
CN202011010659.7A 2020-09-23 2020-09-23 Biological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof Pending CN112279693A (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101070255A (en) * 2007-05-27 2007-11-14 福建农林大学 Tobacco-stem composing method and product thereof
JP2009007229A (en) * 2007-06-29 2009-01-15 Shinshu Green Co Ltd Fertilizer and its manufacturing process
CN102327630A (en) * 2011-09-15 2012-01-25 湖南省微生物研究所 Microbial strain and deodorant for municipal landfill, and preparation and application method thereof
CN102910945A (en) * 2012-10-31 2013-02-06 潘常光 Organic fertilizer converted by waste silkworm faeces and production method of organic fertilizer
CN102965319A (en) * 2012-11-30 2013-03-13 山东省林业科学研究院 Microbial agent and bio-organic fertilizer special for winter jujube and preparation methods thereof

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101070255A (en) * 2007-05-27 2007-11-14 福建农林大学 Tobacco-stem composing method and product thereof
JP2009007229A (en) * 2007-06-29 2009-01-15 Shinshu Green Co Ltd Fertilizer and its manufacturing process
CN102327630A (en) * 2011-09-15 2012-01-25 湖南省微生物研究所 Microbial strain and deodorant for municipal landfill, and preparation and application method thereof
CN102910945A (en) * 2012-10-31 2013-02-06 潘常光 Organic fertilizer converted by waste silkworm faeces and production method of organic fertilizer
CN102965319A (en) * 2012-11-30 2013-03-13 山东省林业科学研究院 Microbial agent and bio-organic fertilizer special for winter jujube and preparation methods thereof

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