CN112274541B - 半枫荷水提物在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用 - Google Patents
半枫荷水提物在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种半枫荷或其提取物在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用,所述半枫荷为金缕梅科半枫荷(Semiliquidambar cathayen.sis Chang)的干燥根,半枫荷提取物为半枫荷的水提物或半枫荷的有机溶剂提取物,半枫荷提取物的提取方法为:取半枫荷,加入溶剂进行浸泡处理,再加热进行提取,合并多次提取的药液进行浓缩即得。本发明首次发现半枫荷或其提取物具有明显的抗肿瘤活性,具有制备预防或治疗肿瘤及其相关疾病的药物制剂的成药潜力,且药物制剂的制备方法简单,成本低,成药经济效益好。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中医药技术领域,具体涉及一种半枫荷或其提取物在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用。
背景技术
肿瘤在临床上分为良性肿瘤和恶性肿瘤。良性肿瘤细胞的异型性不明显,一般与来源组织相似;手术处理一般不易转移复发,相对简单安全。恶性肿瘤主要特征是异常细胞产生,其生长超过正常界限,并且能够迅速浸润和蔓延至人体内临近部位和组织器官,从而导致患者死亡,目前恶性肿瘤已成为严重危害人类健康和阻碍社会发展的全球性公共卫生问题。目前治疗肿瘤的主要手段包括手术、放疗、化疗,但由于化疗药物对肿瘤细胞与正常细胞的选择性较差,在杀灭或抑制肿瘤细胞的同时,亦严重损伤生长相当活跃的正常细胞,并对机体的重要器官如心、肝、肾、肺及神经系统等产生一定的毒副作用,对机体的免疫产生抑制作用,因此,寻求更安全、副作用更小的抗肿瘤药物就具有极其重要的意义。目前大量研究结果和临床实验证明,中药及其提取物具有效果平和,耐受性好,毒副作用小,作用持久等独特优点。正因上述的各种原因,使得世界上许多国家的科学家们逐步把抗肿瘤药物研究重心移向中药方面。
现有专利文件以及学术文献都公开了很多有关于肿瘤治疗的中药提取物或中药组合物,如,专利CN104013660B公开了恰玛古的甲醇水溶液提取物具有抑制肿瘤生长的作用且毒性较低,在制备抗肿瘤药物的领域中具有良好的应用前景。专利申请CN108159126A公开了瓜子金药材的50%乙醇回流提取液经HPD826大孔树脂柱分离纯化后得的瓜子金皂苷提取物够明显抑制肿瘤细胞生长,包括人肝癌细胞、人肺癌细胞、人白血病细胞、人宫颈癌细胞等。中国科学院化学研究所在其专利或专利申请CN101347493B、CN101347475B、CN101342201B、CN101352477B、CN101229223B、CN101313931B、CN101385749A、CN101390919A、CN101306076A、CN101347510A、CN101306083A、CN101401832A、CN101306094A、CN101259166A分别公开了三叶草、羊角棉、九芎、相思子、补骨脂、黑丑、臭椿、葶苈子、海桐皮、山乌龟、白药子、八角莲、马尾连、粉防己的水/有机溶剂提取物能够有效抑制肿瘤细胞的生长,可在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用。专利申请CN108578464A公开了鸡血藤水提取物、鸡血藤乙酸乙酯提取物、鸡血藤正丁醇提取物能够通过抑制血小板活化聚集及抗凝血作用实现肿瘤转移抑制,对肠癌、乳腺癌、肺癌、胰腺癌或肝癌均有疗效。虽然中药具有作用温和的优势,但是也存在活性相对较弱的问题,而且由于肿瘤的种类繁多,某些中药仅对某一种或者几种具有一定的疗效,因此,开发更多具有抗肿瘤活性的中药依然是医学医药现阶段研究的目标。
半枫荷(学名:Semiliquidambar cathayensis Chang)为金缕梅科半枫荷属植物,别名金缕半枫荷、木荷树、小叶半枫荷,国家二级保护植物,现残存于中国南部和东南山区。半枫荷其根、茎枝、叶及花蜜均可入药,具有祛风除湿、舒筋活血的功效,民间用于治疗风湿性关节炎、跌打损伤、瘀积肿痛、产后风瘫等症;现代药理研究表明,金缕半枫荷根的醇提物具有抗炎镇痛、活血化瘀作用,枝干多酚具有抗菌和抗氧能力,半枫荷的活性成分齐墩果酸对病毒性肝炎的抗原具有抑制活性。梁伟江等人采用持续力竭性游泳血瘀模型,检测舌象、全血黏度、血浆黏度、红细胞聚集指数、血小板数、TT、PT、APTT、FIB等指标,考察了半枫荷各极性提取物的活血化瘀作用。结果:不同极性半枫荷提取物均能显著改善大鼠的血瘀状态、血液流变学及凝血相关指标(P<0.05或P<0.01),其中以水部位的作用最强,且水部位的作用表现出明显的量效关系。结论:半枫荷提取物均具有显著的活血化瘀作用,其活血化瘀的有效部位为水部位(梁伟江,卢海啸,曾孟,等.半枫荷提取物对血瘀模型大鼠的影响[J],《中药材》2015年2期)。目前,关于将半枫荷用于抗肿瘤方面的研究较少,特别是针对人胶质瘤、乳腺癌、结肠癌或肺癌等方面的研究。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种半枫荷或其提取物在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用,本发明首次发现半枫荷或其提取物具有明显的抗肿瘤活性,具有制备预防或治疗肿瘤症及其相关疾病的药物制剂的成药潜力,且药物制剂的制备方法简单,成本低,成药经济效益好。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
半枫荷或其提取物在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用。
所述半枫荷为金缕梅科半枫荷的干燥根,半枫荷提取物为半枫荷的水提物或半枫荷的有机溶剂提取物。
所述半枫荷水提物的提取方法为:
(1)取半枫荷,加入4~8倍质量蒸馏水先浸泡40~80min,然后加热至80~100℃提取40~80min,过滤,收集滤液;
(2)滤渣再加入4~8倍质量蒸馏水加热至80~100℃提取40~80min,过滤,收集滤液;
(3)重复提取滤渣1~3次,合并多次提取得到的滤液并进行浓缩,即得。
所述半枫荷的有机溶剂提取物为半枫荷的乙醇提取物,提取方法为:
(1)取半枫荷,加入4~8倍量体积浓度为85~95%的乙醇先浸泡40~80min,然后加热进行回流提取40~80min,过滤,收集滤液;
(2)滤渣再加入4~8倍量体积浓度为85~95%的乙醇,继续加热进行回流提取40~80min,过滤,收集滤液;
(3)重复提取滤渣1~3次,合并多次提取得到的滤液并进行浓缩回收乙醇,即得。
以上所述的半枫荷提取物选择性添加常规辅料,按照常规工艺制成临床可接受的用于预防或治疗肿瘤及其相关疾病的药物制剂。所述肿瘤为人胶质瘤、乳腺癌、结肠癌或肺癌等。
所述制剂包括片剂、胶囊剂、滴丸或颗粒剂。
所述的常规辅料包括淀粉、乳糖、微晶纤维素、糊精、磷酸钙、聚乙二醇-4000、聚乙二醇-6000、豆油、蜂胶、羧甲基纤维素钠、羟丙纤维素或交联聚维酮中一种以上。
本发明的有益效果是:
1、本发明首次发现半枫荷及半枫荷提取物具有明显的抗肿瘤活性,具有制备预防或治疗肿瘤及其相关疾病的药物制剂的成药潜力,为开发抗肿瘤创新药物提供了新的物质基础,具有潜在且巨大的社会效益和经济效益。
2、本发明的半枫荷提取物成本低、污染小,有利于节能减排条件下的大规模生产,产业化前景好。
3、本发明通过研究半枫荷提取物对人胶质瘤细胞U87MG和U251、人乳腺癌细胞MCF7、人结肠癌细胞HT-29、人肺癌细胞H1299存活率的影响,对人胶质瘤细胞U87MG和U251的增殖抑制作用、诱导凋亡作用以及对人胶质瘤细胞U87MG迁移能力、侵袭能力的抑制作用,有力证明了本发明的半枫荷提取物对肿瘤细胞具有明显的抑制和致亡作用。
4、本发明的半枫荷或半枫荷提取物还具有祛风除湿、舒筋活血等功效,可用于风湿性关节炎、跌打损伤、瘀积肿痛、产后风瘫等症,可以在用于预防或治疗肿瘤的同时起到治疗其他合并症的效果。
5、半枫荷可以与其他药材进行配伍组成复方药用于预防或治疗肿瘤,还可以将半枫荷提取物与辅料混合制成片剂、胶囊、滴丸或颗粒剂,这些制剂较为方便服用,能单独或者搭配其他药剂服用,通过内服能将药性通过血液快速输送至病症部位进行有效治疗。
附图说明
图1显示不同浓度半枫荷提取物对人胶质瘤细胞U87MG存活率的影响作用;
图2显示不同浓度半枫荷提取物对人胶质瘤细胞U251存活率的影响作用;
图3显示不同浓度半枫荷提取物对人乳腺癌细胞MCF7存活率的影响作用;
图4显示不同浓度半枫荷提取物对人结肠癌细胞HT-29存活率的影响作用;
图5显示不同浓度半枫荷提取物对人肺癌细胞H1299存活率的影响作用;
图6显示半枫荷提取物对人胶质瘤细胞U87MG增殖的影响作用;
图7显示半枫荷提取物对人胶质瘤细胞U251增殖的影响作用;
图8显示半枫荷提取物对人胶质瘤细胞U87MG和U251凋亡的影响作用;
图9显示半枫荷提取物对人胶质瘤细胞U87MG凋亡影响的统计学分析;
图10显示半枫荷提取物对人胶质瘤细胞U251凋亡影响的统计学分析;
图11 显示半枫荷提取物对人胶质瘤细胞U87MG迁移能力的影响;
图12显示半枫荷提取物对人胶质瘤细胞U87MG迁移能力影响的统计学分析;
图13显示半枫荷提取物对人胶质瘤细胞U87MG侵袭能力的影响;
图14显示半枫荷提取物对人胶质瘤细胞U87MG侵袭能力影响的统计学分析。
具体实施方式
为了更加详细的介绍本发明,下面结合实施例,对本发明做进一步说明。
实施例1 半枫荷提取物的制备
取半枫荷1kg,加入6L蒸馏水浸泡60min,然后加热至80℃提取60min,过滤,收集滤液;滤渣再加入6L蒸馏水加热至80℃提取60min,过滤,收集滤液;滤渣再加入6L蒸馏水加热至80℃提取60min,过滤,收集滤液;合并3次提取液,浓缩至1.0~1.2g/mL,即得。
实施例2 半枫荷提取物的制备
取半枫荷1kg,加入6L蒸馏水浸泡60min,然后加热至90℃提取60min,过滤,收集滤液;滤渣再加入6L蒸馏水加热至90℃提取60min,过滤,收集滤液;滤渣再加入6L蒸馏水加热至90℃提取60min,过滤,收集滤液;合并3次提取液,浓缩至1.0~1.2g/mL,即得。
实施例3 半枫荷提取物的制备
取半枫荷1kg,加入6L蒸馏水浸泡60min,然后加热至98℃提取60min,过滤,收集滤液;滤渣再加入6L蒸馏水加热至98℃提取60min,过滤,收集滤液;滤渣再加入6L蒸馏水加热至98℃提取60min,过滤,收集滤液;合并3次提取液,浓缩至1.0~1.2g/mL,即得。
实施例4 半枫荷提取物的制备
取半枫荷1kg,加入8L蒸馏水浸泡80min,然后加热至80℃提取80min,过滤,收集滤液;滤渣再加入6L蒸馏水加热至90℃提取60min,过滤,收集滤液;滤渣再加入4L蒸馏水加热至98℃提取40min,过滤,收集滤液;合并3次提取液,浓缩至1.0~1.2g/mL,即得。
实施例5 半枫荷提取物的制备
取半枫荷1kg,加入6L体积浓度为90%的乙醇先浸泡60min,然后加热进行回流提取60min,过滤,收集滤液;滤渣再加入6L体积浓度为90%的乙醇,继续加热进行回流提取60min,过滤,收集滤液;滤渣再加入6L体积浓度为90%的乙醇,继续加热进行回流提取60min,过滤,收集滤液;合并3次提取液并进行浓缩回收乙醇成膏,即得。
实施例6 半枫荷提取物片剂的制备
【处方】由实施例3的方法制得的半枫荷水提物(取相当于半枫荷药材3kg的量)、干淀粉550g;
【制备方法】将所得的半枫荷水提物、干淀粉混匀,加入适量羧甲基纤维素钠、滑石粉,制成颗粒,干燥,压制成1000片,所得的半枫荷提取物片,每片含半枫荷药材3g。
以上所述的干淀粉、羧甲基纤维素钠和滑石粉均可在市场上购买得到。
实施例7 半枫荷提取物胶囊的制备
【处方】由实施例3的方法制得的半枫荷水提物(取相当于半枫荷药材3kg的量)、干淀粉550g;
【制备方法】将所得的半枫荷水提物、干淀粉混匀,加入适量羧甲基纤维素钠、滑石粉,制成颗粒,干燥,分装成1000 粒,所得的半枫荷提取物胶囊,每粒含半枫荷药材3g。
以上所述的干淀粉、羧甲基纤维素钠和滑石粉均可在市场上售得到。
实施例8 半枫荷提取物颗粒剂的制备
【处方】由实施例3的方法制得的半枫荷水提物(取相当于半枫荷药材10kg的量)、干淀粉550g;
【制备方法】将所得的半枫荷水提物、干淀粉混匀,加入适量羧甲基纤维素钠、滑石粉,制成颗粒,干燥,分装成1000袋,所得的半枫荷提取物颗粒,每袋含半枫荷药材10g。
以上所述的干淀粉、羧甲基纤维素钠和滑石粉均可在市场上购买得到。
药性试验
为了验证本发明半枫荷提取物的抗肿瘤活性,本申请人进行了以下试验:
1、半枫荷提取物对人胶质瘤细胞U87MG和U251、人乳腺癌细胞MCF7、人结肠癌细胞HT-29、人肺癌细胞H1299存活率的影响
供试品:所述半枫荷提取物均是由实施例3中所述方法制备而成。
处理方法:取对数期生长的人胶质瘤细胞U87MG和U251、人乳腺癌细胞MCF7、人结肠癌细胞HT-29、人肺癌细胞H1299,以每孔2×104个·mL-1密度接种于96 孔细胞培养板中,培养12h待细胞贴壁后,加入含不同药物浓度的培养液,每孔100μL,同一浓度设置6个复孔。继续孵育细胞48 h后,检测细胞存活率,通过SPSS 16.0统计软件计算得到。
结果:如图1-5所示,半枫荷提取物作用于肿瘤细胞48h的IC50值为:0.76mg/mL(U87MG);1.41 mg/mL(U251);1.41 mg/mL(MCF7);1.56 mg/mL(HT-29);1.74 mg/mL(H1299)。
2、半枫荷提取物对人胶质瘤细胞U87MG和U251增殖的影响
供试品:所述半枫荷提取物均是由实施例3中所述方法制备而成。
处理方法:取对数期生长的人胶质瘤细胞U87MG,以每孔2×103个/mL密度接种于96 孔细胞培养板中,培养12h待细胞贴壁后,设置正常对照组、半枫荷提取物(SCC )组(0.6mg/mL),每组6个复孔,继续置于细胞培养箱中培养。检测0、24、48、72、96、120h各孔的吸光度值。
取对数期生长的人胶质瘤细胞U251,以每孔2×103个/mL密度接种于96 孔细胞培养板中,培养12h待细胞贴壁后,设置正常对照组、半枫荷提取物(SCC)组(1.5 mg/mL),每组6个复孔,继续置于细胞培养箱中培养。检测0、24、48、72、96、120h各孔的吸光度值。
结果:见图6-7,与对照组相比,半枫荷提取物能显著抑制人胶质瘤细胞U87MG和U251的增殖,比较有统计学意义(**P<0.01)。
3、半枫荷提取物对人胶质瘤细胞U87MG和U251凋亡能力的影响
供试品:所述半枫荷提取物均是由实施例3中所述方法制备而成。
处理方法:设置正常对照组、半枫荷提取物高剂量组(0.6mg/mL)和半枫荷提取物低剂量组(0.3mg/mL),每组6个平行孔,药物处理U87MG细胞48h后,胰酶消化收集细胞,PBS离心洗涤1 次,加入Binding buffer 500μL重悬细胞,制成单细胞悬液后,依次加入5μLAnnexin V-FITC 和5μL PI,避光孵育,流式细胞仪测定凋亡率。
设置正常对照组、半枫荷提取物高剂量组(1.5mg/mL)和半枫荷提取物低剂量组(0.75mg/mL),每组6个平行孔,药物处理U251细胞48h后,胰酶消化收集细胞,PBS 离心洗涤1 次,加入Binding buffer 500μL重悬细胞,制成单细胞悬液后,依次加入5μL Annexin V-FITC 和5μL PI,避光孵育,流式细胞仪测定凋亡率。
结果:见图8-10,流式细胞分析结果显示,半枫荷提取物对U87MG和U251细胞的凋亡率明显高于对照组(**P<0.01)。
4、半枫荷提取物对人胶质瘤细胞U87MG迁移能力的影响
供试品:所述半枫荷提取物均是由实施例3中所述方法制备而成。
处理方法:将处于对数生长期细胞接种于6孔板中,培养过夜,使细胞融合率达到95%。用灭菌的20μL枪头尖端部位在细胞表面划出一条直线“伤口”。用PBS清洗多次,洗去漂浮细胞,加入完全培养液。随机选取6个低倍视野(10×)拍照,并记录拍照位置。弃去培养液,实验组加入不同浓度的含药培养液,对照组加入等体积培养液,继续培养一段时间后,相同位置拍照。
结果:划痕24h后,与对照组相比,给药组细胞迁移率明显减少,显示半枫荷提取物能明显抑制U87MG细胞的迁移能力(**P<0.01),见图11-12。
5、半枫荷提取物对人胶质瘤细胞U87MG侵袭能力的影响
供试品:所述半枫荷提取物均是由实施例3中所述方法制备而成。
处理方法:在小室接种细胞前一晚将Matrigel(基质胶)4℃过夜缓慢融化,用无血清RPMI1640培养基稀释成浓度为1:5,每个侵袭小室加100μL Matrigel稀释液,于在37℃、5%CO2培养箱中培养。调整细胞的浓度为1×105个/mL,每个侵袭小室上室加100μL细胞悬液。实验组每个侵袭小室下室加500μL含半枫荷提取物和10% FBS(胎牛血清)的RPMI1640培养基,对照组每个侵袭小室下室加500μL含10% FBS(胎牛血清)的RPMI1640培养基,放入培养箱培养24h后,取出小室用0.1%结晶紫溶液染色,置于显微镜下观察并拍照,随机选取6个低倍视野(10×)进行细胞计数,并计算平均值。
结果:与对照组相比,给药组细胞侵袭明显减少,显示半枫荷提取物能明显抑制U87MG细胞的侵袭能力(**P<0.01),见图13-14。
Claims (4)
1.半枫荷水提物在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用,所述肿瘤为人胶质瘤;所述半枫荷为金缕梅科半枫荷的干燥根,所述半枫荷水提物的提取方法为:
(1)取半枫荷,加入4~8倍质量蒸馏水先浸泡40~80min,然后加热至80~100℃提取40~80min,过滤,收集滤液;
(2)滤渣再加入4~8倍质量蒸馏水加热至80~100℃提取40~80min,过滤,收集滤液;
(3)重复提取滤渣1~3次,合并多次提取得到的滤液并进行浓缩,即得。
2.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,半枫荷水提物添加常规辅料,按照常规工艺制成临床可接受的用于预防或治疗人胶质瘤的药物制剂。
3.根据权利要求2所述的应用,其特征在于,所述制剂包括片剂、胶囊剂、滴丸或颗粒剂。
4.根据权利要求2所述的应用,其特征在于,所述的常规辅料包括淀粉、乳糖、微晶纤维素、糊精、磷酸钙、聚乙二醇-4000、聚乙二醇-6000、羧甲基纤维素钠、羟丙纤维素或交联聚维酮中一种以上。
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