CN112226558A - Blast furnace iron-smelting method using high-proportion alkaline pellets and pellet distributing machine - Google Patents
Blast furnace iron-smelting method using high-proportion alkaline pellets and pellet distributing machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN112226558A CN112226558A CN202011095018.6A CN202011095018A CN112226558A CN 112226558 A CN112226558 A CN 112226558A CN 202011095018 A CN202011095018 A CN 202011095018A CN 112226558 A CN112226558 A CN 112226558A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/008—Composition or distribution of the charge
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/006—Automatically controlling the process
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
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- C21B7/20—Bell-and-hopper arrangements with appliances for distributing the burden
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Abstract
The invention discloses a blast furnace iron-making method and a pellet distributing machine by using high-proportion alkaline pellets, wherein fluxed pellets, steel slag and limestone are mixed and then added into a blast furnace from the top of the furnace, coke and ore are added into the blast furnace in batches, the batch weight and the coal injection quantity of the coke are adjusted in the smelting process, the shape of a charge level is controlled, and an edge and center two-way airflow mode is formed; pressurizing high-temperature hot air at the temperature of more than or equal to 1150 ℃, and then sending the hot air into a blast furnace through a hot air pipeline to enable coke and pulverized coal to be combusted and participate in oxidation-reduction reaction in the blast furnace; the ore is subjected to indirect and direct reduction reaction in a blast furnace sequentially through a blocky belt, a soft melting belt, a dripping belt, a tuyere burning belt and a hearth to generate liquid molten iron which is discharged out of the furnace through an iron outlet, no magnesium-containing ore is added to blast furnace burden, and the high-aluminum low-magnesium sinter is formed by sintering a mixture of high-aluminum low-magnesium iron ore powder and sintering auxiliary materials; the high-alkalinity pellet distributing machine can ensure that the pellets are discharged uniformly, the pellets are laid uniformly, and the processing rate of the subsequent process is low; and the quality of blast furnace ironmaking is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metallurgy iron-making technology, in particular to a blast furnace iron-making method using high-proportion alkaline pellets and a distributing machine for blast furnace iron-making using high-proportion alkaline pellets.
Background
China promises to reduce CO emission to the world until 20202The reduction is 40-45% compared with 2005. The blast furnace burden structure of China is mainly large-proportion sintered ore, the existing iron ore powder sintering production process mostly uses a belt type sintering machine, the sintering system is produced in an air draft cooling mode of directly exposing in the environment, and the sintering system is large in air leakage, waste gas amount, dust and pollutants, large in processing difficulty, high in cost and the likeBecomes a difficult problem of environmental management. At present, the annual production of sintered ore is about 10 hundred million tons, and 3000-3The smoke gas which is harmful sintering smoke gas containing carbon dioxide, sulfur oxide, nitrogen oxide, dioxin and the like and discharged to the atmosphere in one year reaches 30000-50000 hundred million m3. However, the desulfurization equipment is uneven, the operation cost is high, and no effective purification and popularization method for harmful gases such as nitrogen oxides, dioxin and the like is available, so that the environment is extremely polluted, and the health of people in China is greatly threatened. The smoke emission per ton ore in the preparation process of the fluxed pellets is 2000-3000m3The process energy consumption is reduced by 20-30kgce/t, the smoke quantity is small, the treatment difficulty is low, the process energy consumption is reduced, and the CO is reduced2And (4) discharging the amount. In western countries such as europe and the united states, in order to reduce environmental pollution in the sintering production process, sintering machines are gradually reduced or shut down, and pellet smelting is mainly used. Therefore, from the large centers of environmental protection, energy conservation and emission reduction, the blast furnace smelting mode mainly based on sintered ore is changed, and the blast furnace smelting mode mainly based on environment-friendly pellet production is gradually changed.
In recent years, the proportion of imported ore in iron-making raw materials is increasing, and blast furnace Al2O3Load ramp, A1 in slag2O3The content is increased, which causes the problems of poor slag fluidity, reduced desulfurization capability, increased coke ratio, difficult operation, and the like. To accommodate high Al2O3The smelting condition needs to properly adjust the MgO content in the slag. In most domestic blast furnaces, magnesium-containing ore is added in the sintering process or the blast furnace smelting process, the MgO content in the slag is generally controlled to be more than 8%, and the magnesium-aluminum ratio is about 0.7.
Because the iron and steel industry is not good, and each large steel plant runs at the expense of cost, a low-cost high-aluminum low-magnesium blast furnace charge and a blast furnace smelting method adopting the charge are needed to be researched for reducing the pig iron cost.
The iron ore powder resource in China is mainly iron ore concentrate with multiple lean ores, and the granularity is fine and is suitable for pelletizing. The energy consumption of the pelletizing production process is 20-30kg of standard coal/t lower than that of the sintering process, which is about 50% of that of the sintering process, and the pollutant emission of the pelletizing process is only 50% of that of the sintering process, so that the method is a clean and low-consumption production mode compared with sinter production.
The production process of the fluxed pellets roasts iron ore powder on a sealed circulating device through a grate rotary kiln or a belt type roasting machine, and can greatly reduce the environmental pollution and the process consumption. At present, a large-proportion sintered ore is used in domestic blast furnaces, the average proportion of pellets is about 15 percent, Tai-Gao, first-grade Jing Tang and the like are not more than 30 percent, and the proportion of extremely small blast furnace pellets in domestic blast furnaces reaches about 45 percent. Research and development of a full-pellet blast furnace smelting process without using sintered ore, and smelting in a blast furnace can reduce slag ratio, fuel consumption and CO2The discharge amount is an energy-saving and environment-friendly blast furnace smelting mode.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a blast furnace iron-making method using high-proportion alkaline pellets and a production method of pellets, wherein the blast furnace iron-making method is low in production energy consumption and low in emission, uses the alkaline pellets as raw materials to carry out blast furnace smelting, reduces the emission and can improve the economic benefit of ore smelting.
In order to achieve the aim, the technical scheme of the invention is to provide a blast furnace iron-making method by using high-proportion alkaline pellets, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, mixing high-proportion alkaline pellets according to a mass ratio of 85 percent, lump ore according to a mass ratio of 10 percent, and steel slag and limestone according to a weight ratio of 5 percent, adding the mixture into a blast furnace from the top of the furnace, and feeding the mixture into the furnace with a grade of 61.85 percent; wherein the high proportion alkaline pellet ore is prepared by taking concentrate powder, refining slag and bentonite as raw materials, and the mass percentages of the components are respectively as follows: 60-76% of concentrate powder, 22-38% of refining slag and 1.5-2.5% of bentonite; the mass fraction of TFe in the concentrate powder is 65-70%, and CaO and SiO are2The mass fractions of the components are respectively 1-1.5% and 3-3.3%; the refining slag contains CaO 45-50% and SiO 28 to 15 percent; the bentonite contains CaO 2-3% and SiO268-70%; the alkalinity of the pellet is 1.9-2.6, and the compressive strength is 3100-;
secondly, adding coke and ore into a blast furnace in batches, wherein the batch weight of the ore is 25t/t, the batch weight of the coke is 1/5 of the batch weight of the ore, and the coal injection amount is 133 kg/t; the blast furnace smelting slag ratio is 201kg/t, and the fuel ratio is 461 kg/t;
thirdly, realizing an annular material distribution mode through a blast furnace material distribution chute, controlling the shape of a material surface and forming an edge and center two-way airflow mode;
fourthly, using coal gas and air preheated by waste gas of the hot blast stove to burn and heat the hot blast stove, after heat exchange of the hot blast stove, pressurizing high-temperature hot air at 1151 ℃, and then sending the hot air into the blast furnace through a hot air pipeline, wherein the air quantity is 1558m/min, and the air pressure is 241kpa, so that coke and coal powder are burnt to participate in the redox reaction in the blast furnace;
fifthly, controlling the oxygen content in the blast air to be 21 percent and the oxygen enrichment rate to be 2.41 percent;
sixthly, the ore is subjected to indirect and direct reduction reaction in a blast furnace sequentially through a lump zone, a reflow zone, a dripping zone, a tuyere burning zone and a furnace hearth to generate liquid molten iron, and the liquid molten iron is discharged out of the furnace through an iron outlet, wherein the utilization coefficient of the blast furnace is 4.01t/m3 d, the temperature of the molten iron is 1493 ℃, the Si content is 0.35%, the Fe content is 99.45% and the S content is 0.028%.
The preferable technical scheme is that the blast furnace smelting comprises the following steps: controlling the blast furnace smelting parameters as follows:
controlling blast kinetic energy of the blast furnace within the range of 150-160 kJ/s;
controlling the blast furnace wind speed within the range of 280-290 m/s;
controlling the blast oxygen enrichment rate of the blast furnace within the range of 2.5-3%;
controlling blast temperature of blast furnace air in a range of 1190-1210 ℃;
the heat quantity of the blast furnace molten iron is controlled within 1510-1520 ℃.
The further preferred technical scheme is that the blast furnace slag iron is discharged: discharging iron slag generated after blast furnace smelting, controlling the iron slag discharging time to be 90-140 min, controlling the iron tapping flow rate to be 5.8-6.8 t/min, and controlling the slag rate to be more than 80%.
Further preferably, a charging system with an open center and with a suppressed edge draft is used.
Further preferably, the blast furnace is 3000m3And then the blast furnace is used.
Further preferably, the mass percentage of Si in the molten iron is controlled within the range of 0.35-0.45%.
Further preferably, the alkalinity of the blast furnace slag is controlled as follows: the binary alkalinity R is within the range of 1.18-1.22, and the ternary alkalinity R3 is within the range of 1.38-1.55.
Further preferred is a further preferred embodiment wherein blast furnace slag Al is added2O3The content of (A) is controlled within the range of 15-17%, and the content of MgO is controlled within the range of 4-6%.
A distributing machine for the high-proportion alkaline pellets comprises an upper pellet bin and a lower pellet trolley, wherein the upper pellet bin is connected with a pellet feeding hole, a storage bin with a cone barrel structure is arranged below the pellet feeding hole, a roller is arranged below the storage bin, strip ratchets which are parallel to the axial direction of the roller are uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the roller, a blocking strip is arranged at the lower part of the side wall of one side of the storage bin, the outer edge of each strip ratchet is tightly attached to the inner side of the blocking strip, a side cover plate is arranged below the other side wall of the storage bin, a gap is formed between the inner wall of the side cover plate and the outer edge of each strip ratchet, the gap corresponds to the position of a discharging port below the upper pellet bin, the discharging port faces to the upper end face of the lower pellet trolley, a gap is reserved between the lower end face of the side wall of the other side of the storage bin and the outer wall of the roller, an adjusting block is, the adjusting block has been seted up fore-and-aft guide way in the position of hugging closely the feed bin, and it has spacing screw to run through in the guide way, and the one end of spacing screw is fastened in the lateral wall of feed bin opposite side, is provided with the positioning seat on the upper portion of the lateral wall of feed bin opposite side, and the double-end adjusting screw fastening connection that the positioning seat passes through is on the connecting plate on adjusting block upper portion.
The preferable technical scheme is that the machine frames on two sides of the running track of the pallet under the pellet are respectively provided with the correlation type sensors, and the correlation type sensors are installed in pairs.
The width of the discharge port is smaller than that of the pallet below the pellets.
The rotary shaft in the roller is externally connected with a driving device, and the driving device is a hollow shaft parallel gear reducer provided with a variable frequency motor.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that: the blast furnace iron-making method using the high-proportion alkaline pellets and the production method of the pellets have the characteristics of low production energy consumption, less emission, blast furnace smelting by using the alkaline pellets as raw materials, reduction in emission, improvement of ore smelting economic benefits and the like.
Because the blast furnace iron making method using the high-proportion alkaline pellets cancels the sintered ore, the weight proportion of the fluxed pellets is 80-100%, and the steel slag and the limestone are smelted in the blast furnace according to the weight proportion of 0-10%, the environmental pollution in the production process of the sintered ore is reduced, and the energy consumption of the working procedure is reduced. The blast furnace iron making method using the high-proportion alkaline pellets has excellent economic and technical indexes, and the high-efficiency low-consumption smelting mode with the blast furnace smelting slag ratio of 185-480 kg/t and the fuel ratio of 450-480kg/t can further reduce the emission of CO 2. Continuously producing high-quality molten iron with Si content of 0.1-0.5%, Fe content of more than or equal to 99.45% and S content of 0.01-0.03%.
The blast furnace iron-making method using the high-proportion alkaline pellets uses the high-proportion alkaline pellet blast furnace smelting furnace burden and reasonably mixes the raw ore in the blast furnace smelting process, and selects a proper operation system, so that the stable and smooth operation of the blast furnace can be kept, and the industrial cost in the blast furnace smelting process is reduced.
The high-alkalinity pellet for blast furnace ironmaking by adopting the production method of the pellet is prepared by taking concentrate powder, refining slag and bentonite as raw materials, the invention can produce the high-alkalinity pellet by taking the refining slag rich in CaO as one of the raw materials,
the pellet can replace high-alkalinity sintering ore with high energy consumption and high pollution as main furnace charge of the blast furnace, thereby effectively improving the problems of energy consumption of a system before iron and environmental pollution in the conventional furnace charge structure of the blast furnace.
According to the high-proportion alkaline pellet distributing machine, when the lower pellet trolley enters the designated position of the pellet distributing machine, the distributing mechanism starts distributing, and after the trolley passes through the distributing machine at a constant speed and completes distributing, the distributing mechanism stops running and waits for the next trolley to enter, so that the pellets are discharged uniformly, the laying of the pellets is uniform, and the quality of low-temperature reduced coal iron processed by a subsequent process is good; and because the existence of regulating block, the quantity of pelletizing can be adjusted according to actual conditions, and its commonality is good.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a high-proportion alkaline pellet distributor in the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the installation structure of the high-proportion alkaline pellet distributor of the present invention;
fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of a-a in fig. 1.
In the figure: 1. loading the pellets into a bin; 2. placing the pellets on a trolley; 3. a pellet feeding port; 4. a storage bin; 5. a drum; 6. a strip ratchet; 7. a side wall; 8. a barrier strip; 9. a side cover plate; 10. a discharge port; 11. a side wall of the other side; 12. an adjusting block; 13. a guide groove; 14. a limiting screw; 15. positioning seats; 16. a double-headed adjusting screw; 17. a rotating shaft; 18. a gear reducer; 19. a frame; 20. a correlation sensor.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to examples. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
Example 1
The invention relates to a blast furnace ironmaking method using high-proportion alkaline pellets, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, mixing high-proportion alkaline pellets according to the mass proportion of 80 percent, lump ore according to the mass proportion of 15 percent, and steel slag and limestone according to the weight proportion of 5 percent, adding the mixture into a blast furnace from the top of the furnace, and feeding the mixture into the furnace with the grade of 61.85 percent; wherein the high proportion alkaline pellet ore is prepared by taking concentrate powder, refining slag and bentonite as raw materials, and the mass percentages of the components are respectively as follows: 60% of concentrate powder, 22% of refining slag and 1.5% of bentonite; the mass fraction of TFe in the concentrate powder is 65 percent, and CaO and SiO are contained2The mass fractions of (A) and (B) are respectively 1% and 3%; the refining slag contains CaO 45-50%, and containsSiO 28 percent; the bentonite contains CaO 2% and SiO268 percent; the basicity of the pellet is 1.9, and the compressive strength is 3100;
secondly, adding coke and ore into a blast furnace in batches, wherein the batch weight of the ore is 25t/t, the batch weight of the coke is 1/5 of the batch weight of the ore, and the coal injection amount is 133 kg/t; the blast furnace smelting slag ratio is 201kg/t, and the fuel ratio is 461 kg/t;
thirdly, realizing an annular material distribution mode through a blast furnace material distribution chute, controlling the shape of a material surface and forming an edge and center two-way airflow mode;
fourthly, using coal gas and air preheated by waste gas of the hot blast stove to burn and heat the hot blast stove, after heat exchange of the hot blast stove, pressurizing high-temperature hot air at 1151 ℃, and then sending the hot air into the blast furnace through a hot air pipeline, wherein the air quantity is 1558m/min, and the air pressure is 241kpa, so that coke and coal powder are burnt to participate in the redox reaction in the blast furnace;
fifthly, controlling the oxygen content in the blast air to be 21 percent and the oxygen enrichment rate to be 2.41 percent;
sixthly, the ore is subjected to indirect and direct reduction reaction in a blast furnace sequentially through a lump zone, a reflow zone, a dripping zone, a tuyere burning zone and a furnace hearth to generate liquid molten iron, and the liquid molten iron is discharged out of the furnace through an iron outlet, wherein the utilization coefficient of the blast furnace is 4.01t/m3 d, the temperature of the molten iron is 1493 ℃, the Si content is 0.35%, the Fe content is 99.45% and the S content is 0.028%.
In a preferred embodiment, the blast furnace process comprises: controlling the blast furnace smelting parameters as follows:
controlling blast kinetic energy of the blast furnace within a range of 150 kJ/s;
controlling the blast furnace wind speed within the range of 280 m/s;
controlling the blast oxygen enrichment rate of the blast furnace within the range of 2.5 percent;
controlling blast temperature of blast furnace in 1190 deg.c;
the heat quantity of the blast furnace molten iron is controlled within 1510 ℃.
A further preferred embodiment is the discharge of blast furnace slag iron: discharging the iron slag generated after the blast furnace smelting, wherein the iron slag discharging time is controlled to be 90min, the iron tapping flow rate is controlled to be 5.8t/min, and the slag rate is more than 80%.
Further preferred embodiments also employ an open-center, edge draft inhibited charging regime.
In a further preferred embodiment, the blast furnace is 3000m3And then the blast furnace is used.
In a further preferred embodiment, the Si content in the molten iron is controlled to be in the range of 0.35% by mass.
Further preferred embodiments also control the blast furnace slag basicity to be: the binary basicity R is in the range of 1.18 and the ternary basicity R3 is in the range of 1.38.
In a still further preferred embodiment, blast furnace slag Al is added2O3The content of (A) is controlled within 15%, and the content of MgO is controlled within 4%.
Example 2
The invention relates to a blast furnace ironmaking method using high-proportion alkaline pellets, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, mixing high-proportion alkaline pellets according to the mass proportion of 80 percent, lump ore according to the mass proportion of 15 percent, and steel slag and limestone according to the weight proportion of 5 percent, adding the mixture into a blast furnace from the top of the furnace, and feeding the mixture into the furnace with the grade of 61.85 percent; wherein the high proportion alkaline pellet ore is prepared by taking concentrate powder, refining slag and bentonite as raw materials, and the mass percentages of the components are respectively as follows: 68% of concentrate powder, 30% of refining slag and 2% of bentonite; the mass fraction of TFe in the concentrate powder is 67 percent, and CaO and SiO are contained2The mass fractions of (A) and (B) are respectively 1.75% and 3.15%; the refining slag contains CaO 47% and SiO 212 percent; the bentonite contains CaO2.5% and SiO269%; the basicity of the pellet is 2.4, and the compressive strength is 4050;
secondly, adding coke and ore into a blast furnace in batches, wherein the batch weight of the ore is 25t/t, the batch weight of the coke is 1/5 of the batch weight of the ore, and the coal injection amount is 133 kg/t; the blast furnace smelting slag ratio is 201kg/t, and the fuel ratio is 461 kg/t;
thirdly, realizing an annular material distribution mode through a blast furnace material distribution chute, controlling the shape of a material surface and forming an edge and center two-way airflow mode;
fourthly, using coal gas and air preheated by waste gas of the hot blast stove to burn and heat the hot blast stove, after heat exchange of the hot blast stove, pressurizing high-temperature hot air at 1151 ℃, and then sending the hot air into the blast furnace through a hot air pipeline, wherein the air quantity is 1558m/min, and the air pressure is 241kpa, so that coke and coal powder are burnt to participate in the redox reaction in the blast furnace;
fifthly, controlling the oxygen content in the blast air to be 21 percent and the oxygen enrichment rate to be 2.41 percent;
sixthly, the ore is subjected to indirect and direct reduction reaction in a blast furnace sequentially through a lump zone, a reflow zone, a dripping zone, a tuyere burning zone and a furnace hearth to generate liquid molten iron, and the liquid molten iron is discharged out of the furnace through an iron outlet, wherein the utilization coefficient of the blast furnace is 4.01t/m3 d, the temperature of the molten iron is 1493 ℃, the Si content is 0.35%, the Fe content is 99.45% and the S content is 0.028%.
In a preferred embodiment, the blast furnace process comprises: controlling the blast furnace smelting parameters as follows:
controlling blast kinetic energy of the blast furnace to be in a range of 155 kJ/s;
controlling the blast furnace wind speed within the range of 285 m/s;
controlling the blast oxygen enrichment rate of the blast furnace within the range of 2.7 percent;
controlling blast temperature of blast furnace in 1200 deg.c;
the heat quantity of the blast furnace molten iron is controlled within the range of 1515 ℃.
A further preferred embodiment is the discharge of blast furnace slag iron: discharging the iron slag generated after the blast furnace smelting, controlling the iron slag discharging time to be 115min, controlling the iron tapping flow rate to be 6.3t/min, and controlling the slag rate to be more than 80%.
Further preferred embodiments also employ an open-center, edge draft inhibited charging regime.
In a further preferred embodiment, the blast furnace is 3000m3And then the blast furnace is used.
In a further preferred embodiment, the Si content in the molten iron is controlled to be in the range of 0.40% by mass.
Further preferred embodiments also control the blast furnace slag basicity to be: the binary basicity R is in the range of 1.20 and the ternary basicity R3 is in the range of 1.46.
Further preferred embodiments are alsoFurther preferably, the blast furnace slag Al is2O3The content of (A) is controlled within a range of 16%, and the content of MgO is controlled within a range of 5%.
Example 3
The invention relates to a blast furnace ironmaking method using high-proportion alkaline pellets, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, mixing high-proportion alkaline pellets according to the mass proportion of 80 percent, lump ore according to the mass proportion of 15 percent, and steel slag and limestone according to the weight proportion of 5 percent, adding the mixture into a blast furnace from the top of the furnace, and feeding the mixture into the furnace with the grade of 61.85 percent; wherein the high proportion alkaline pellet ore is prepared by taking concentrate powder, refining slag and bentonite as raw materials, and the mass percentages of the components are respectively as follows: 76% of concentrate powder, 38% of refining slag and 2.5% of bentonite; the mass fraction of TFe in the concentrate powder is 70 percent, and CaO and SiO are contained2The mass fractions of the components are respectively 1.5 percent and 3.3 percent; the refining slag contains CaO 50% and SiO 215 percent; the bentonite contains CaO 3% and SiO270 percent; the basicity of the pellet is 2.6, and the compressive strength is 5000;
secondly, adding coke and ore into a blast furnace in batches, wherein the batch weight of the ore is 25t/t, the batch weight of the coke is 1/5 of the batch weight of the ore, and the coal injection amount is 133 kg/t; the blast furnace smelting slag ratio is 201kg/t, and the fuel ratio is 461 kg/t;
thirdly, realizing an annular material distribution mode through a blast furnace material distribution chute, controlling the shape of a material surface and forming an edge and center two-way airflow mode;
fourthly, using coal gas and air preheated by waste gas of the hot blast stove to burn and heat the hot blast stove, after heat exchange of the hot blast stove, pressurizing high-temperature hot air at 1151 ℃, and then sending the hot air into the blast furnace through a hot air pipeline, wherein the air quantity is 1558m/min, and the air pressure is 241kpa, so that coke and coal powder are burnt to participate in the redox reaction in the blast furnace;
fifthly, controlling the oxygen content in the blast air to be 21 percent and the oxygen enrichment rate to be 2.41 percent;
sixthly, the ore is subjected to indirect and direct reduction reaction in a blast furnace sequentially through a lump zone, a reflow zone, a dripping zone, a tuyere burning zone and a furnace hearth to generate liquid molten iron, and the liquid molten iron is discharged out of the furnace through an iron outlet, wherein the utilization coefficient of the blast furnace is 4.01t/m3 d, the temperature of the molten iron is 1493 ℃, the Si content is 0.35%, the Fe content is 99.45% and the S content is 0.028%.
The preferable technical scheme is that the blast furnace smelting comprises the following steps: controlling the blast furnace smelting parameters as follows:
controlling blast kinetic energy of the blast furnace within 160 kJ/s;
controlling the blast furnace wind speed within 290 m/s;
controlling the blast oxygen enrichment rate of the blast furnace within 3 percent;
controlling blast temperature of blast furnace in 1210 deg.c;
the heat quantity of the blast furnace molten iron is controlled within 1520 ℃.
The further preferred technical scheme is that the blast furnace slag iron is discharged: discharging iron slag generated after blast furnace smelting, controlling the iron slag discharging time to be 140min, controlling the iron tapping flow rate to be 6.8t/min, and controlling the slag rate to be more than 80%.
Further preferred embodiments also employ an open-center, edge draft inhibited charging regime.
In a further preferred embodiment, the blast furnace is 3000m3And then the blast furnace is used.
In a further preferred embodiment, the Si content in the molten iron is controlled to be in the range of 0.45% by mass.
Further preferred embodiments also control the blast furnace slag basicity to be: the binary basicity R is in the range of 1.22 and the ternary basicity R3 is in the range of 1.55.
In a more preferred embodiment, the blast furnace slag Al is2O3The content of (A) is controlled within a range of 17%, and the content of MgO is controlled within a range of 6%.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a high proportion alkaline pellet distributing machine comprises an upper pellet compartment 1 and a lower pellet trolley 2, the upper pellet compartment is connected with a pellet feed inlet 3, a bin 4 with a cone barrel structure is arranged below the pellet feed inlet 3, a roller 5 is arranged below the bin 4, strip ratchets 6 axially parallel to the roller 5 are uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the roller 5, a blocking strip is arranged on the lower portion of a side wall 7 on one side of the bin 4, the outer edge of each strip ratchet 6 is tightly attached to the inner side of the blocking strip 8, a side cover plate 9 is arranged below the other side wall of the bin 4, a gap is arranged between the inner wall of the side cover plate 9 and the outer edge of each strip ratchet 6, the gap corresponds to a discharge port 10 on the lower portion of the upper pellet compartment 1, the discharge port 10 faces the upper end face of the lower pellet trolley, a gap is reserved between the lower end face of a side wall 11 on the other side of the, still be equipped with regulating block 12 on the lateral wall 11 of feed bin opposite side, the lower extreme of regulating block 12 exposes the lower terminal surface position at the lateral wall 11 of 4 opposite sides of feed bin, vertical guide way 13 has been seted up in the position that the regulating block 12 hugs closely the feed bin, it has spacing screw 14 to run through in the guide way 13, the one end of spacing screw 14 is fastened in the lateral wall 11 of 4 opposite sides of feed bin, be provided with positioning seat 15 on the upper portion of the lateral wall 11 of 4 opposite sides of feed bin, positioning seat 15 is through the double-end adjusting screw 16 fastening connection who runs through on the connecting plate on regulating block 12 upper.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the opposite-type inductors 20 are respectively installed on the racks 19 at both sides of the running track of the pellet lower cart 1, and the opposite-type inductors 20 are installed in pairs.
The width of the discharge port 10 is smaller than that of the pallet 2 under the pellets.
A driving device 5 is externally connected with an internal rotating shaft 17 of the roller 5, and the driving device is specifically a hollow shaft parallel gear reducer 18 provided with a variable frequency motor.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A blast furnace ironmaking method using high-proportion alkaline pellets is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, mixing high-proportion alkaline pellets according to a mass ratio of 85 percent, lump ore according to a mass ratio of 10 percent, and steel slag and limestone according to a weight ratio of 5 percent, adding the mixture into a blast furnace from the top of the furnace, and feeding the mixture into the furnace with a grade of 61.85 percent; whereinThe high-proportion alkaline pellet ore is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 60-76% of concentrate powder, 22-38% of refining slag and 1.5-2.5% of bentonite; the mass fraction of TFe in the concentrate powder is 65-70%, and CaO and SiO are2The mass fractions of the components are respectively 1-1.5% and 3-3.3%; the refining slag contains CaO 45-50% and SiO28 to 15 percent; the bentonite contains CaO 2-3% and SiO268-70%; the alkalinity of the pellet is 1.9-2.6, and the compressive strength is 3100-;
secondly, adding coke and ore into a blast furnace in batches, wherein the batch weight of the ore is 25t/t, the batch weight of the coke is 1/5 of the batch weight of the ore, and the coal injection amount is 133 kg/t; the blast furnace smelting slag ratio is 201kg/t, and the fuel ratio is 461 kg/t;
thirdly, realizing an annular material distribution mode through a blast furnace material distribution chute, controlling the shape of a material surface and forming an edge and center two-way airflow mode;
fourthly, using coal gas and air preheated by waste gas of the hot blast stove to burn and heat the hot blast stove, after heat exchange of the hot blast stove, pressurizing high-temperature hot air at 1151 ℃, and then sending the hot air into the blast furnace through a hot air pipeline, wherein the air quantity is 1558m/min, and the air pressure is 241kpa, so that coke and coal powder are burnt to participate in the redox reaction in the blast furnace;
fifthly, controlling the oxygen content in the blast air to be 21 percent and the oxygen enrichment rate to be 2.41 percent;
sixthly, the ore is subjected to indirect and direct reduction reaction in a blast furnace sequentially through a lump zone, a reflow zone, a dripping zone, a tuyere burning zone and a furnace hearth to generate liquid molten iron, and the liquid molten iron is discharged out of the furnace through an iron outlet, wherein the utilization coefficient of the blast furnace is 4.01t/m3 d, the temperature of the molten iron is 1493 ℃, the Si content is 0.35%, the Fe content is 99.45% and the S content is 0.028%.
2. Blast furnace ironmaking process using high-proportion alkaline pellets according to claim 1, characterized in that the blast furnace smelting: controlling the blast furnace smelting parameters as follows:
controlling blast kinetic energy of the blast furnace within the range of 150-160 kJ/s;
controlling the blast furnace wind speed within the range of 280-290 m/s;
controlling the blast oxygen enrichment rate of the blast furnace within the range of 2.5-3%;
controlling blast temperature of blast furnace air in a range of 1190-1210 ℃;
the heat quantity of the blast furnace molten iron is controlled within 1510-1520 ℃.
3. Blast furnace ironmaking process using high-proportion alkaline pellets according to claim 2, characterized by the fact that the emission of blast furnace slag iron: discharging iron slag generated after blast furnace smelting, controlling the iron slag discharging time to be 90-140 min, controlling the iron tapping flow rate to be 5.8-6.8 t/min, and controlling the slag rate to be more than 80%.
4. Blast furnace ironmaking process using high-proportion alkaline pellets according to claim 2, characterized in that an open-centre, edge-draft suppressed charging regime is used.
5. Blast furnace ironmaking process using high-proportion alkaline pellets according to claim 2, characterized in that the blast furnace is 3000m3And then the blast furnace is used.
6. The blast furnace ironmaking method using high-proportion alkaline pellets according to claim 2, characterized in that the mass percentage content of Si in the molten iron is controlled within the range of 0.35% to 0.45%.
7. Blast furnace ironmaking process using high-proportion alkaline pellets according to claim 2, characterized in that the blast furnace slag basicity is controlled as: the binary alkalinity R is within the range of 1.18-1.22, and the ternary alkalinity R3 is within the range of 1.38-1.55.
8. Blast furnace ironmaking process using high-proportion alkaline pellets according to claim 2, characterized in that blast furnace slag is Al-smelted2O3The content of (A) is controlled within the range of 15-17%, and the content of MgO is controlled within the range of 4-6%.
9. The distributing machine for blast furnace ironmaking with high proportion alkaline pellets as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the distributing machine comprises an upper pellet compartment and a lower pellet trolley, the upper pellet compartment is connected with a pellet feed inlet, a bin with a cone barrel structure is arranged below the pellet feed inlet, a roller is arranged below the bin, strip ratchets axially parallel to the roller are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the roller, a blocking strip is arranged on the lower portion of the side wall of one side of the bin, the outer edge of the strip ratchets clings to the inner side of the blocking strip, a side cover plate is arranged below the other side wall of the bin, a gap is arranged between the inner wall of the side cover plate and the outer edge of the strip ratchets, the gap corresponds to the position of a discharge port below the upper pellet compartment, the discharge port faces the upper end face of the trolley below the pellet compartment, a gap is arranged between the lower end face of the side wall of the other side of the bin, the lower extreme of regulating block exposes the lower extreme facial features at the lateral wall of feed bin opposite side, and fore-and-aft guide way has been seted up in the position of hugging closely the feed bin to the regulating block, and it has the spacing screw to run through in the guide way, and the one end of spacing screw is fastened in the lateral wall of feed bin opposite side, is provided with the positioning seat on the upper portion of the lateral wall of feed bin opposite side, and the double-end adjusting screw fastening connection that the positioning seat runs through is on the connecting plate on.
10. The material distributor of high-proportion alkaline pellet blast furnace ironmaking according to claim 9, characterized in that the opposite-type inductors are respectively installed on the racks on both sides of the running track of the pellet lower trolley, and the opposite-type inductors are installed in pairs.
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