CN1087124A - Reduction iron-smelting process with carbon containing pellets-iron bath fusion - Google Patents
Reduction iron-smelting process with carbon containing pellets-iron bath fusion Download PDFInfo
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- CN1087124A CN1087124A CN 93114553 CN93114553A CN1087124A CN 1087124 A CN1087124 A CN 1087124A CN 93114553 CN93114553 CN 93114553 CN 93114553 A CN93114553 A CN 93114553A CN 1087124 A CN1087124 A CN 1087124A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to pig iron smelting field without blast furnace.Its principal character is to be the energy and reductive agent with coal (mainly being mill coal), is raw material with the cold-bonded carbonic pellet; On technology, adopt prereduction-iron-bath molten reduction two step method or iron-bath molten reduction single stage method.In two step method, the prereduction temperature of carbonaceous pelletizing is 850～1250 ℃; In single stage method, the carbonaceous pelletizing preheating temperature is 200～400 ℃.It is that pre-prepd saturated carbon or high-carbon iron are bathed that the iron of two kinds of methods is bathed, or by last stove reserved part molten iron, the iron bath temperature is 1400～1550 ℃.Through the carbonaceous pelletizing of prereduction or preheating, add in the iron liquid furnace continuously or in batches, carry out whole reduction.In iron liquid furnace, top blast or side-blown oxygen, bottom blowing multiple gases and multiple pulvis.
Description
The invention belongs to pig iron smelting field without blast furnace.
Melting and reducing is as a great novel process of field of metallurgy, its principal feature is as primary energy source and reductive agent with mill coal, and be that ferric oxide is reduced under melted state, has briquet replacing coke, flow process is short, significantly improving environmental pollution, reduce advantages such as capital construction and production cost, is the key areas that present various countries Iron And Steel Industry is is competitively researched and developed.
In Chinese patent or patent application, CN85100843, CN86105271, CN87101210, CN87102252, CN88104282-U provide the similar technology of fused reduction iron-smelting, have all obtained certain benefit.But still have separately shortcoming: what have is not completely free of dependence to coking coal or moulded coal; The employing steel that has is bathed, and has limited reduction rate; Have plenty of the powdered iron ore of employing and add the coal powder injection technology, increased the loss and the initial cost of raw material.
Now dropped into industrial COREX method (melting reduction iron-smelting method) without coke, be characterized in that with lump ore, acid pellet and coal be raw material, prereduction degree of metalization height.But CO and H in this processing requirement shaft furnace prereduction gas
2Content is higher, can't carry out secondary combustion in the iron liquid furnace, so energy consumption is higher.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of new melting reduction iron-smelting method, i.e. reduction iron-smelting process with carbon containing pellets-iron bath fusion.
At above-mentioned purpose, major technique measure of the present invention is:
1. adopting cold-bonded carbonic pellet is raw material.This carbonaceous pelletizing is to be raw material with coal dust, fine iron breeze and binding agent, cold fixed forming.
The characteristics of pelletizing are to contain coal amount height, have very strong autoreduction ability, high reduction rate and higher resistance of oxidation.
The composition of cold-bonded carbonic pellet (weight %) is: fine iron breeze 50～80%, coal dust 7～30%(carbon containing 5～25%), binding agent 1～11%, additive＜5%.
The iron ore powder is by magnetite, rhombohedral iron ore, iron scale, iron dust containing, contains one or more compositions in the iron ore; Coal dust is by in hard coal or the bituminous coal any one, also can be to be mixed by these two kinds of coals; Binding agent mainly is the water glass type binding agent; Additive by in lime, Wingdale, rhombspar, wilkinite or the fluorite a kind of, two or more forms.
Carbonaceous pelletizing can adopt pair roller pressure ball, punching block pressure ball, garden dish and garden tube to make the manufacturing of ball method.
2. on method for melting reduction iron making, adopt two kinds of prereduction-iron-bath molten reduction two step method and iron-bath molten reduction single stage method:
(1) prereduction-iron-bath molten reduction two step method.Promptly at first carbonaceous pelletizing is carried out prereduction in pre-reducing furnace, the prereduction temperature is 850～1250 ℃, prereduction rate 20～85%; Pelletizing (still for solid-state) through prereduction enters immediately and carries out melting and reducing in the iron liquid furnace.
Prepare a saturated carbon or high-carbon iron in advance and bathe, this iron bath also can be reserved a part of molten iron by last stove and bathe as iron.1400～1550 ℃ of iron bath temperatures.In addition in iron liquid furnace, but top blast or side-blown oxygen, and carry out secondary combustion, post-combustion rate is 20～60%; Simultaneously, bottom blowing multiple gases and multiple pulvis stir iron and bathe, to improve whole reduction ratio.The molten iron of fusing is tapped a blast furnace by iron notch, and slag is slagged tap by slag notch.
(2) iron-bath molten reduction single stage method.The iron-bath molten reduction single stage method is to carry out in iron liquid furnace.Prepare a saturated carbon or high-carbon iron in advance and bathe, also can reserve a part of molten iron, will add in the stove through the carbonaceous pelletizing of 200～400 ℃ of preheatings then, carry out melting and reducing by a last stove.In iron liquid furnace, top blast or side-blown oxygen are strengthened secondary combustion, improve post-combustion rate, and bottom blowing multiple gases and multiple pulvis add strong mixing simultaneously, improve whole reduction ratio.Whole reductive molten iron is tapped a blast furnace by iron notch, and slag is slagged tap by slag notch.
No matter be prereduction-iron-bath molten reduction two step method, still the iron-bath molten reduction single stage method enters pre-reduced pellet or preheating pelletizing in the iron liquid furnace, all is to add in the iron liquid furnace continuously or in batches, add-on is not fixed to guarantee the iron bath, does not produce serious foamy slag or splash and exceeds.And can add the solid material in the iron liquid furnace.
In the pre-reducing furnace of prereduction-iron-bath molten reduction two step method, the carbonaceous pelletizing utilization itself contains the higher coal amount that contains, and carries out the solid phase autoreduction.
In two step method and single stage method, add the carbonaceous pelletizing melted by heat in the iron bath, and carry out part solid phase autoreduction, fusing enters ferric oxide in the slag to slag iron interfacial diffusion, and with molten iron in [C] react the reduction tap a blast furnace, and enter in the iron bath, in pellets will and reductive incubation period, the heat transfer process that iron is bathed to pelletizing is the controlling unit of reduction rate, in the fast restore phase, the reduction rate of the carbonaceous pelletizing during iron is bathed mainly is subjected to FeO diffusion control in the slag, at the reduction amortization period, each process reaches balance substantially, and reduction reaction stops substantially.
Iron liquid furnace described in two kinds of methods of above-mentioned fused reduction iron-smelting can be custom-designed horizontal or vertical iron liquid furnace, also can be the reactor that existing smelting is produced, as converter, electric arc furnace, cupola furnace, open hearth, induction furnace etc.
As follows by two steps of the present invention and a step molten iron bath reduction ironmaking method gained hot metal composition (weight %):
C2%～saturated, Si＜0.1%, Mn＜0.1%,
S＜0.08%，P＜0.06%。
(weight %) is as follows for the gained slag composition:
FeO＜5%，Al
2O
35～17%，MgO＜10%。
Basicity: 0.5～1.5.
1400～1550 ℃ of molten iron temperatures.
1450～1600 ℃ of slag temperatures.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:
(1) adopt iron ore extract powder and coal through cold fixed carbonaceous pelletizing, low cost of manufacture.
(2) iron is bathed and is saturated carbon or the bath of high-carbon iron, helps the carrying out of fusion reduction reaction.
(3) carbonaceous pelletizing both can pass through prereduction, also can directly add iron and bathe without prereduction, so wide adaptability of the present invention is convenient to promote.
(4) burn-off rate of carbonaceous pelletizing is very fast, and the carbon containing in the pelletizing is high more, reacts fast more, has shortened tap to tap time, has improved productivity.
(5) because carbonaceous pelletizing has high carbon content, can suppress and the control foam slag.
(6) because of carbonaceous pelletizing of the present invention has very high autoreduction speed and resistance of oxidation, alleviate iron and bathed the gas making requirement, can simplify or save coal gas upgrading operation, simplified technology, reduced cost.
(7) adopt the present invention's one step smelting reduction process, can solve the equipment linkage problem.
(8) flue gas that generates of the present invention can be used as the reductive agent or the preheating gas of the prereduction of smelting reduction process, also can be used for sponge iron smelting, smelts the energy of health promotion system, also can be through purifying after its usefulness.
(9) device wide accommodation of the present invention, available custom-designed horizontal or vertical iron liquid furnace, also available oxygen converter, shaft furnace, electric arc furnace, cupola furnace, induction furnace or open hearth etc. also can adopt blast furnace.
Now the invention will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Accompanying drawing 1 is prereduction of the present invention-iron-bath molten reduction two step method ironmaking schematic flow sheet.
Accompanying drawing 2 is iron-bath molten reduction single stage method ironmaking schematic flow sheet of the present invention.
Among attached Fig. 1 and 2,1 is carbonaceous pelletizing, and 2 is pre-reducing furnace, 3 is iron liquid furnace, and 4,5 is fly-ash separator, and 6 is cinder ladle, 7 is hot metal ladle, and 8 is nitrogen, and 9 is coal dust, 10 is oxygen, and 11 are prereduction gas, and 12 is gas pipeline, 13 is stock gas, and 14 is the high-temperature gas transport pipe, and 15 is coal gas of high temperature, 16 are prereduction gas, and 17 is preheating oven.
Prereduction-iron-bath molten reduction two step method iron-smelting process flow process is as follows:
The cold-bonded carbonic pellet 1 of room temperature is entered in the pre-reducing furnace 2 by furnace roof, carries out prereduction, and the temperature of prereduction is 850～1250 ℃, and the prereduction rate is 20～85%.The stock gas 13 that produces in the prereduction process is after fly-ash separator 4 dedustings, and a part of stock gas 13 is entered by furnace bottom in the pre-reducing furnace 2 through gas pipeline 12 as prereduction gas 11, strengthens prereduction, and all the other use it for anything else.Carbonaceous pelletizing through prereduction still is a solid phase, enters subsequently in the iron liquid furnace 3.
In iron liquid furnace 3, prepare a certain amount of saturated carbon or high-carbon iron in advance and bathe, or bathe as iron by last stove reserved part iron liquid.1400～1550 ℃ of iron bath temperatures through the carbonaceous pelletizing of prereduction, enter in the iron liquid furnace 3, carry out whole reduction.Simultaneously, oxygen 10 is blown into iron liquid furnace by furnace roof, carries out secondary combustion, and post-combustion rate can reach 20～60%; Be blown into nitrogen 8 by furnace bottom, bathe, improve whole reduction ratio, and spray into a certain amount of coal dust, strengthen reduction by furnace bottom to stir iron.The coal gas of high temperature 15 that produces in the iron liquid furnace 3 after fly-ash separator 5 dedustings, can be used as prereduction gas 11, in the input pre-reducing furnace 2, is used for the prereduction of carbonaceous pelletizing.
Iron-bath molten reduction single stage method iron-smelting process flow process is as follows:
In iron liquid furnace 3, prepare a certain amount of saturated carbon or high-carbon iron in advance and bathe, or bathe as iron by last stove reserved part iron liquid.1400～1550 ℃ of iron bath temperatures.
Be preheating to 200～400 ℃ carbonaceous pelletizing through preheating oven 17, add continuously or in batches in the iron liquid furnace 3, melted by heat, and carry out a part of solid phase autoreduction, and oxygen 10 is blown in the iron liquid furnace 3 by furnace roof, carries out secondary combustion, and post-combustion rate can be controlled in 20～60%.Simultaneously, be blown into nitrogen 8 and coal dust 9, strengthen and stir, improve whole reduction ratio by furnace bottom.The coal gas of high temperature 15 that is produced in the reduction process, after fly-ash separator 5 dedustings, a part is used for the preheating of carbonaceous pelletizing as preheating gas 16, and remaining uses it for anything else.
In the fused reduction iron-smelting process of single stage method or two step method, carbonaceous pelletizing all is to add in the iron liquid furnace 3 continuously or in batches.Add-on is not fixed to guarantee the iron bath, does not produce serious foamy slag splash, can normally smelt to be as the criterion.Along with the continuous adding of carbonaceous pelletizing, the quantity of slag increases, and for normally carrying out of guaranteeing to smelt, can suitably remove a part of slag, to improve burn-off rate; After reduction finishes, can adopt the continuous tapping method, also can adopt the branch stove to tap a blast furnace.No matter adopt which kind of method to tap a blast furnace, all will keep a part of molten iron and bathe, so that the carrying out continuously of smelting reduction process as the iron of next stove.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of reduction iron-smelting process with carbon containing pellets-iron bath fusion comprises iron-bath molten reduction single stage method and prereduction-iron-bath molten reduction two step method,, it is characterized in that as raw material with iron content solid material:
It is the energy and reductive agent that A adopts coal (main mill coal), is raw material with the cold-bonded carbonic pellet;
B is in pre-reducing carbon-contained pellets-iron-bath molten reduction two step method, and the prereduction temperature of carbonaceous pelletizing in pre-reducing furnace is 850～1250 ℃;
C enters in the iron liquid furnace after the carbonaceous pelletizing preheating in the iron-bath molten reduction single stage method, and preheating temperature is 200～400 ℃;
D prepares a saturated carbon or high-carbon iron in advance and bathes, or reserve a part of molten iron by a last stove in iron-bath molten reduction single stage method or prereduction-iron-bath molten reduction two step method in the iron liquid furnace;
E in iron liquid furnace, top blast or the side-blown oxygen, but bottom blowing multiple gases and multiple pulvis;
Melting and reducing temperature in the F iron liquid furnace is 1400～1550 ℃;
2, melting reduction iron-smelting method according to claim 1 is characterized in that used carbonaceous pelletizing can directly add iron and carry out the iron-bath molten reduction single stage method in bathing, or through adding after the prereduction during iron bathes, carries out the two-step smelting molten iron.
3, melting reduction iron-smelting method according to claim 1 is characterized in that it can be custom-designed horizontal or vertical iron liquid furnace that used iron is bathed, and also can be that iron such as converter, electric arc furnace, cupola furnace, induction furnace, open hearth are bathed reactor.
4, melting reduction iron-smelting method according to claim 1 is characterized in that can adding the solid material in the used iron liquid furnace.
5, melting reduction iron-smelting method according to claim 1 is characterized in that in prereduction-iron-bath molten reduction two step method the pelletizing after prereduction still is solid-state.
6, melting reduction iron-smelting method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the carbonaceous pelletizing through prereduction or preheating, all is to add continuously or in batches in the iron liquid furnace (13), and its add-on is not fixed to guarantee the iron bath, does not produce serious foamy slag splash and exceeds.
7, melting reduction iron-smelting method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in prereduction-iron-bath molten reduction two step method, the coal gas of high temperature (15) that produces in stock gas that produces in the prereduction process (13) and the iron liquid furnace (3) all can be used as in prereduction gas (11) the input pre-reducing furnace (2), or uses it for anything else.
8, melting reduction iron-smelting method according to claim 1 is characterized in that in the iron-bath molten reduction single stage method, the coal gas of high temperature (15) that iron liquid furnace (3) produces, and a part is as the preheating gas (16) of carbonaceous pelletizing, and remaining uses it for anything else.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93114553 CN1087124A (en) | 1993-11-16 | 1993-11-16 | Reduction iron-smelting process with carbon containing pellets-iron bath fusion |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93114553 CN1087124A (en) | 1993-11-16 | 1993-11-16 | Reduction iron-smelting process with carbon containing pellets-iron bath fusion |
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1036075C (en) * | 1994-08-27 | 1997-10-08 | 冶金工业部钢铁研究总院 | Fusion reducing iron smelting method and its equipment |
| CN1041328C (en) * | 1995-05-18 | 1998-12-23 | 吕美竺 | Method of direct steel-smelting of cooled agglomerated pellet |
| CN1041944C (en) * | 1995-03-31 | 1999-02-03 | 鞍山钢铁学院 | Iron-bath molten reduction method |
| CN1053222C (en) * | 1995-05-18 | 2000-06-07 | 技术资源有限公司 | Smelting reduction method with increased effectiveness |
| CN1059706C (en) * | 1996-09-28 | 2000-12-20 | 北京科技大学 | Gas circulative reduction smelting process for carbon containing pellets |
| CN1073628C (en) * | 1999-10-27 | 2001-10-24 | 冶金工业部钢铁研究总院 | Final reduction apparatus and method for fused reduction iron-smelting |
| CN100369396C (en) * | 1999-02-24 | 2008-02-13 | 艾比奎蒂数字公司 | Audio blend method, transmitter and receiver for AM and FM in band on channel digital audio broadcasting |
| CN101353711B (en) * | 2007-07-23 | 2011-01-19 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Carbonaceous material block molten iron bath reduction ironmaking desulphurization method |
| CN102719587A (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2012-10-10 | 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 | Rotary hearth furnace-smelting reduction furnace joint ironmaking process |
| CN103146913A (en) * | 2013-04-02 | 2013-06-12 | 北京科技大学 | Method for treating iron-containing dust of iron and steel plant by using cupola furnace |
| CN107385133A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2017-11-24 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | A kind of smelting process of v-ti magnetite concentrate |
| CN111286575A (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-06-16 | 郭瑛 | Reduction iron-making complexing agent and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113718078A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-11-30 | 内蒙古赛思普科技有限公司 | Method for providing hot charging molten iron for smelting reduction furnace by converter process |
-
1993
- 1993-11-16 CN CN 93114553 patent/CN1087124A/en active Pending
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1036075C (en) * | 1994-08-27 | 1997-10-08 | 冶金工业部钢铁研究总院 | Fusion reducing iron smelting method and its equipment |
| CN1041944C (en) * | 1995-03-31 | 1999-02-03 | 鞍山钢铁学院 | Iron-bath molten reduction method |
| CN1041328C (en) * | 1995-05-18 | 1998-12-23 | 吕美竺 | Method of direct steel-smelting of cooled agglomerated pellet |
| CN1053222C (en) * | 1995-05-18 | 2000-06-07 | 技术资源有限公司 | Smelting reduction method with increased effectiveness |
| CN1059706C (en) * | 1996-09-28 | 2000-12-20 | 北京科技大学 | Gas circulative reduction smelting process for carbon containing pellets |
| CN100369396C (en) * | 1999-02-24 | 2008-02-13 | 艾比奎蒂数字公司 | Audio blend method, transmitter and receiver for AM and FM in band on channel digital audio broadcasting |
| CN1073628C (en) * | 1999-10-27 | 2001-10-24 | 冶金工业部钢铁研究总院 | Final reduction apparatus and method for fused reduction iron-smelting |
| CN101353711B (en) * | 2007-07-23 | 2011-01-19 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Carbonaceous material block molten iron bath reduction ironmaking desulphurization method |
| CN102719587A (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2012-10-10 | 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 | Rotary hearth furnace-smelting reduction furnace joint ironmaking process |
| CN103146913A (en) * | 2013-04-02 | 2013-06-12 | 北京科技大学 | Method for treating iron-containing dust of iron and steel plant by using cupola furnace |
| CN107385133A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2017-11-24 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | A kind of smelting process of v-ti magnetite concentrate |
| CN111286575A (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-06-16 | 郭瑛 | Reduction iron-making complexing agent and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113718078A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-11-30 | 内蒙古赛思普科技有限公司 | Method for providing hot charging molten iron for smelting reduction furnace by converter process |
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