A kind of molten point of stove also original system of coal dust oxygen heating
Technical field
The utility model generally relates to a kind of molten point of stove also original system, and in particular to a kind of molten point of stove of coal dust oxygen heating
Also original system.
Background technology
Non-blast furnace ironmaking is a direction of Iron & Steel Development, and main purpose is to realize that low cost is smelted and difficult reduced ore
Utilization, and for realizing cleanly production.In recent years coal-base fusing reduction and direct-reduction+electric furnace it is molten divide technology with
And the molten point technology of coal-based direct reduction+gas furnace is progressively developed into for one of iron-smelting process technology, this technique had with coal generation
It is burnt, reduction temperature is high, the duration of heat is short, energy consumption is low, environmental pollution is small and the features such as reduced investment, meets china natural resources, the energy
One of current situation, the focus as the research of current steel circle both at home and abroad.Melting and reducing and direct-reduction technique do not use coke,
It is not required to build coke oven and chemical industry facility, sintering facility can not be built during using lump ore and part pellet, reduces more pollution sources,
To realize that steel plant's clean manufacturing, energy-conserving and environment-protective create condition.
Prior art one is COREX (being smelted iron with coal as its ultimate aim) technology.The agent set of the technology is
Reduction shaft furnace and melting gasification furnace.It is added in shaft furnace by by lump ore and pelletizing, is arrived ore reduction using reducing gas
More than 90% metallized pellet, then melting gasification furnace further reduction and fusing are fed them into, final production goes out qualified molten iron.
The shortcoming of the technology is directly to be recycled, it is necessary to powder is first pressed into pelletizing using powder, or directly utilizes lump ore, the skill
Art be difficult to be adjusted in smelting process in raw material with charcoal ratio, it is impossible to the reduction effect of accurate control ore.
Prior art two is FINEX (directly with fine ore and non-coking coal dust smelting molten iron) technology, is in COREX technology bases
The new technology further grown up on plinth, COREX technologies use lump ore, pelletizing, and FINEX technologies all use fine ore.FINEX
Technical matters replaces the reduction shaft furnace in COREX techniques with 4 grades of Finmet of fluid bed (hot wafering direct-reduction iron processes) technique,
Melting gasification furnace, specially fine ore and lime stone, dolomite etc. are added with fluid bed reduction fine ore, briquetting into briquette iron by hot molding to melt
Agent is put into a series of fluidized-bed reactors together.Fine ore in a downward direction by four reactors, in this course by
Heating, and it is reduced into DRI by the reducibility gas produced by coal gasification of reverse flow therewith.It is anti-from last
Device hot DRI out is answered to be compressed into hot-pressed iron compact (HCI:Hot compacted iron), hot-pressed iron compact is transported afterwards
To fusion and gasification furnace roof, melting gasification furnace is put into, be melted.Last out molten iron and slag.
The shortcoming of prior art two is:Fluid bed needs level Four to reduce, complex structure;Briquetting is needed before into molten point of stove
Generation hot pressing ball enters back into molten point stove.
Therefore, in order to be able to directly complete direct reduction reactor in shaft furnace using powders such as miberal powder, coal dust, pulverized limestones, and
Simplify multi-stage fluidized bed process, and the transporting velocity and residence time of miberal powder can be controlled, it is ensured that the reduction effect of miberal powder, having must
Propose a kind of molten point of new stove also original system.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is molten point of stove also original system for providing a kind of coal dust oxygen heating so that the technique energy
It is enough that direct reduction reactor is directly completed in shaft furnace using powders such as miberal powder, coal dust, pulverized limestones, and simplify multistage fluidized bed work
Skill, and the transporting velocity and residence time of miberal powder can be controlled, to ensure the reduction effect of miberal powder.
The utility model provides a kind of molten point of stove also original system of coal dust oxygen heating, and the system includes reduction vertical
Stove, molten point of stove and oxygen coal gun, wherein, the reduction shaft furnace includes miberal powder and flux feeding mouth, feed opening, smoke inlet, described
, located at the top of the reduction shaft furnace, the feed opening and smoke inlet are located at the reduction shaft furnace for miberal powder and flux feeding mouth
Bottom;The baffle plate of adjustable inclination is provided with the burner hearth of the reduction shaft furnace, the baffle plate is located at the miberal powder and flux pan feeding
Under mouthful, on the feed opening and the smoke inlet;The baffle plate leaves gap with the inwall of the reduction shaft furnace, described
Aperture is disposed with baffle plate;The baffle plate is by the rotating shaft support through the reduction shaft furnace furnace wall on the reduction shaft furnace;Institute
Stating molten point of stove includes feeding mouth, exhanst gas outlet and discharging opening, and the feeding mouth connects the feed opening of the reduction shaft furnace, the cigarette
The smoke inlet of reduction shaft furnace described in gas outlet;The lance head of the oxygen coal gun is melted in point stove located at described, the oxygen coal
Rifle is stretched into the molten point of stove from the furnace roof of the molten point of stove.
Above-mentioned system, is sequentially provided with multiple gears with the inclination angle from top to bottom in the burner hearth of the reduction shaft furnace
Plate, the vertical center line of the relatively described reduction shaft furnace in inclination angle of the adjacent baffle plate is arranged symmetrically.
Above-mentioned system, the baffle plate is adjustable as 30 ° -60 ° with the angle of horizontal plane;Hole diameter on the baffle plate
It is 10mm-30mm.
Above-mentioned system, the reduction shaft furnace can be block furnace, and the baffle plate is along the length on the incline direction at the inclination angle
It is 0.5-0.95 times of the reduction shaft furnace length of side to spend, the vertical direction of the rotary shaft of the adjacent baffle plate in the reduction shaft furnace
Distance be 0.2-1.5 times of the reduction shaft furnace length of side.
Above-mentioned system, the baffle plate is provided with sealing device with the junction of the reduction shaft furnace;The rotating shaft is provided with
Rotation driving bar.
Above-mentioned system, the exhanst gas outlet of the molten point of stove passes through the flue gas of reduction shaft furnace described in high-temperature flue gas pipeline communication
Import, the high-temperature flue gas pipeline is internally provided with water-cooled flue.
Above-mentioned system, the feed opening of the reduction shaft furnace is provided with radar level gauge or capacitance material level meter;The reduction vertical
The miberal powder and flux feeding mouth of stove are connected with speed governing batcher.
Above-mentioned system, the structure of the oxygen coal gun is telescopic water cooled lance, the material of the lance head of the oxygen coal gun
It is copper, the sleeve internal layer of the oxygen coal gun is breeze blowing layer, and intermediate layer is blowing oxygen layer, and outermost is cooling circulating water
Layer;The oxygen inlet of the blowing oxygen layer is connected with oxygen channel, the coal dust import connection injection tank of the breeze blowing layer
And compressed air piping.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are, it is possible to use the miberal powder and coal dust fictitious hosts lump ore higher of low price and
Pellet;The utility model can adjust the quantity of unburned coal powder by adjusting the proportioning of coal dust and oxygen, in smelting process
Charcoal ratio is matched somebody with somebody using unburned coal powder real-time adjustment according to the situation of smelting;The utility model uses pure oxygen burning, and the high temperature of generation can be with
The need for meeting to molten point of the difficult smelting ore deposit such as low-grade iron ore;The high-temperature flue gas of molten point of stove can supply direct reduction furnace to heat
Reduction miberal powder.Additionally, the utility model regulating measure is relatively more, including delivery rate regulation, the regulation of blanking speed, amount of oxygen and
The regulation of coal dust amount, the regulation of unburned coal powder amount etc., various regulating measures control and adjust mutually to fit with the various parameters in smelting process
Should, it is ensured that the reduction effect of miberal powder.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the system architecture sketch of the utility model embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the reduction shaft furnace interior panelling front view structural representation of the utility model embodiment;And
Fig. 3 is the A of reduction shaft furnace interior panelling in Fig. 2 to structural representation.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, specific embodiment of the present utility model is described in more details, with
Just scheme of the present utility model and the advantage of its various aspects be better understood when.However, specific implementations described below
Mode and embodiment are only descriptive purposes, rather than to limitation of the present utility model.
Embodiment of the present utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1.Coal dust in the present embodiment
A molten point stove also original system for oxygen heating includes:1st, raw material hopper;2nd, smoke evacuation system;3rd, speed governing batcher;4th, reduction shaft furnace;5、
Baffle plate;6th, high-temperature flue gas pipeline;7th, feed opening;8th, oxygen coal gun;9 molten points of stoves;10th, tapping hole;11st, oxygen channel;12nd, coal pipe
Road;13rd, defeated coal compressed air piping;14th, breeze blowing tank.Wherein, raw material hopper, speed governing batcher, breeze blowing tank, defeated
Coal compressed air piping etc. can according to actual needs set or be replaced by other devices.
The reduction shaft furnace 4 includes miberal powder and flux feeding mouth, feed opening 7, smoke inlet, the miberal powder and flux pan feeding
, located at the top of the reduction shaft furnace 4, the feed opening 7 and smoke inlet are located at the bottom of the reduction shaft furnace for mouth;It is described to go back
The baffle plate 5 of adjustable inclination is provided with the burner hearth of former shaft furnace 4, the baffle plate 5 is under the miberal powder and flux feeding mouth, institute
State on feed opening and the smoke inlet;The baffle plate 5 leaves gap with the inwall of the reduction shaft furnace 4, on the baffle plate 5
It is disposed with aperture;The baffle plate 5 is supported on the reduction shaft furnace 4 by the rotating shaft 51 through the furnace wall of the reduction shaft furnace 4.Baffle plate
The A direction views of front view and Fig. 3 in 5 concrete structure such as the reduction shaft furnace 4 of Fig. 2.
The molten point of stove 9 includes feeding mouth, exhanst gas outlet and discharging opening, and the feeding mouth connects the reduction shaft furnace 4
Feed opening 7, the exhanst gas outlet connects the smoke inlet of the reduction shaft furnace 4.
The lance head of the oxygen coal gun 8 in the molten point of stove 9, from the furnace roof of the molten point of stove 9 stretch by the oxygen coal gun 8
Enter in the molten point of stove 9.
Multiple baffle plates 5 with the inclination angle are sequentially provided with the burner hearth of the reduction shaft furnace 4 from top to bottom, it is adjacent described
The vertical center line of the relatively described reduction shaft furnace 4 in the inclination angle of baffle plate 5 is arranged symmetrically.
The utility model instead of price lump ore and pellet higher using the miberal powder and coal dust of low price.
Miberal powder and flux in raw material hopper 1 can send into direct-reduction shaft furnace by speed governing batcher 3 according to a certain percentage
4, speed governing batcher 3 may be designed as spiral speed regulation batcher, and direct-reduction shaft furnace 4 and raw material hopper 1 are ensured while feed
Between sealing.
The delivery rate of speed governing batcher 3 depends on the molten point of reaction speed of stove, and specific targets can be produced by molten point of stove
CO in the flow and outlet reducing gas of raw CO also Primordial Qi2Content determine.Reducing gas flow is big, CO2Content is small, then
Increase feeding coal, conversely, reducing feeding coal.Generally, the CO that direct-reduction shaft furnace 4 exit detects2Volume contain
Between 15-25%, between 70%-80%, remaining gas are the minimum gas such as nitrogen, hydrogen to the volume content of CO to amount.
The baffle plate 5 of adjustable inclination is set in shaft furnace, after miberal powder enters direct-reduction shaft furnace 4, along baffle plate 5 to dirty
Dynamic, the design principle of controllable register is material path principle most long, while ensureing again to the flue gas resistance in direct-reduction shaft furnace 4
Power can not be too big.
According to above principle, while according to baffle plate 5 and the coefficient of friction of miberal powder, for foursquare reduction shaft furnace, design
Baffle plate 5 is along 0.5-0.95 times, preferably 0.75 times or so that the length on the incline direction at the inclination angle is the reduction shaft furnace length of side.
Difference in height between the rotary shaft of adjacent screen is 0.2-1.5 times, preferably 0.5 times or so of the reduction shaft furnace length of side.Baffle plate 5 with
The adjustable range of the angle of horizontal plane is defined as 30 ° -60 °.Shown in the structure and size as Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 of instantiation.In figure
Concrete structure and size are exemplary illustration.Certain reduction shaft furnace can also be other shape such as circle.When reduction shaft furnace is other
Shape when, be also according to material path principle most long and consider can not be too big to the flue gas resistance in direct-reduction shaft furnace 4, come
Design the structure and arrangement form of baffle plate.
When the angle of baffle plate 5 and horizontal plane is 36 °, the total distance of stream is 2.1 times or so of the height of reduction shaft furnace 4.
Because frictional force and the influence of collision, material fall to becoming the reciprocal downglide motion of low speed by the movement of falling object, it is with whole process
The situation (being not provided with baffle plate) of free-falling is compared, and miberal powder fall time is 5-12 times of free-fall time.It is specific above to join
Number can make the appropriate adjustments according to the wind speed in reduction shaft furnace 4 and powder particle size scope.The material of baffle plate 5 is heat-resistance stainless steel.Gear
Plate is disposed with the aperture of diameter 10mm-30mm, and reducibility gas flow through aperture and reduction shaft furnace and gear by the lower section of reduction shaft furnace 4
Gap between plate 5 flows up, to ensure contact of the miberal powder with reducibility gas.
Baffle plate 5 has the rotating shaft 51 and the sealing device between reduction shaft furnace that can make baffle plate activity.Can be on baffle plate 5
If reinforcement 52 is ensureing the intensity and rigidity of baffle plate 5.The rotation of baffle plate 5 can hand-turning also machine drive, on baffle plate 5
Rotation driving bar 53 can be designed with.
Reducibility gas reverse flow in miberal powder and shaft furnace, miberal powder is reduced into directly under conditions of high temperature reductive gas
Reduced iron powder, molten point of stove 9 is entered by feed opening 7.The high-temperature flue gas outlet of molten point of stove 9 enters by after high-temperature flue gas pipeline 6
Direct-reduction shaft furnace 4, the inside of high-temperature flue gas pipeline 6 sets water-cooled flue, controls flue gas to enter directly also by controlling water
The temperature of former shaft furnace 4.Associated temperature is different and different according to ore species, and general range is between 750 DEG C to 1100 DEG C.Through
After crossing direct-reduction shaft furnace 4, flue gas passes through and miberal powder heat exchange, and temperature is dropped between 520 DEG C to 750 DEG C.
The feed opening 7 for being reduced directly shaft furnace 4 senses blanking feelings by setting the facility such as radar level gauge or capacitance material level meter
Condition, prevents feed opening 7 from blocking.If it find that feed opening 7 gathers materials too much, blanking is reduced by controlling the delivery rate on top
Amount, prevents from blocking.
Oxygen coal powder spray gun structure is telescopic water cooled lance, wherein, middle coal injection, periphery is oxygen, outermost
It is cooling circulating water, the head material of oxygen coal gun 8 is copper lance head.
During falling to bottom from direct-reduction shaft furnace 4 top, progressively classification is reduced miberal powder, by adjusting miberal powder
The residence time in shaft furnace is being reduced directly to control its reduction degree, reduction shaft furnace exit miberal powder degree of metalization to can reach 80%
Left and right.Remaining unreduced miberal powder carries out drastic reduction in molten point of stove 9.
Molten point of stove 9 melts metal mining powder using the heat that oxygen coal injection burning is produced.Slag and flux shape in the reaction
Into foamed slag.The direct-reduction iron powder that foamed slag charge capture enters, while in the immersion foamed slag of oxygen coal gun 8, making oxygen, coal dust
The combustion reaction in foamed slag, for providing heat.
Oxygen coal gun 8 controls coal combustion rate by controlling the ratio of coal dust and oxygen, and one is produced by improving coal dust ratio
Part unburned coal powder, unburned coal powder is interior into foamed slag and the unreduced miberal powder in part further reacts, and makes miberal powder finally thorough
Reduction.
Molten iron and slag are excluded from tapping hole 10, and the outer slag sluicing system of stove is realized by peripheral skimming tool.Foamed slag leads to simultaneously
Crossing raises the heating-up temperature of oxygen coal gun 8, finally realizes that scum is separated in stove.
The utility model can adjust the quantity of unburned coal powder by adjusting the proportioning of coal dust and oxygen, in smelting process
Charcoal ratio is matched somebody with somebody using unburned coal powder real-time adjustment according to the situation of smelting.
The utility model uses pure oxygen burning, and the high temperature of generation can meet difficult to low-grade iron ore etc. smelts what ore deposit melted point
Need.
The high-temperature flue gas of molten point of stove 9 can supply direct-reduction shaft furnace 4 to heat reduction miberal powder, so as to realize waste gas again
Utilize.
It is, in order to prevent powder from being blown away by air-flow, and to make smelting in addition, reduced iron must be compressed into hot-pressed iron compact in the prior art
Stove has certain gas permeability;Problem above is solved present invention utilizes foamed slag is generated in molten point of stove.Because using foam
Slag catches powder, by the use of the bigger serface of foamed slag is as reflection carrier and solves the gas permeability of material.
Regulating measure of the present utility model is relatively more, including delivery rate regulation, the regulation of blanking speed, amount of oxygen and coal dust
Amount regulation, the regulation of unburned coal powder amount etc., various regulating measures have adapted to the various parameters control of smelting process and have adjusted, it is ensured that
Reduction effect.
Embodiment
Miberal powder and a small amount of flux pulverized limestone are put into raw material hopper 1, are sent by the speed governing batcher 3 of the bottom of raw material hopper 1
Enter to be reduced directly shaft furnace 4, miberal powder falls inclined baffle plate 5 and progressively slides above.From the molten point of high temperature CO gas out of stove 9
Direct-reduction shaft furnace 4 is entered by high-temperature flue gas pipeline 6.High temperature CO gas and miberal powder react, miberal powder generation direct-reduction iron powder,
Iron powder enters molten point of stove 9 by feed opening 7.Oxygen coal gun 8 burns in stove and provides the temperature that heat needs with reaction.Reaction is completed
Ore deposit liquid and slag are by the intermittent discharge of tapping hole 10 afterwards.The complete gas of perpendicular reaction in furnace is excluded by smoke discharging pipe 2, under
Road treatment process.Wherein oxygen enters oxygen coal gun 8 by oxygen channel 11, and coal dust is empty using compression from after being blown tank 14 out
Compressed air spraying in feed channel 12, oxygen coal gun 8 is entered by pulverized coal channel 12.
Hereinafter it is specifically described step by step.
By the Iron Ore Powder of particle diameter 0-1mm or so according to 10:1 part by weight is put into raw material hopper 1 with addition of part pulverized limestone.
The composition of miberal powder such as following table:
Table 1
Element |
Fe |
|
|
CaO |
MgO |
S |
P |
Content % |
62.8 |
5.2 |
0.8 |
0.9 |
0.5 |
0.01 |
0.05 |
Miberal powder is sent into by the speed governing batcher 2 under raw material hopper 1 by direct-reduction shaft furnace according to the speed of 2 ton hours
4。
The angle of the baffle plate 5 in regulation reduction shaft furnace 4 is controlled between 40 ° -60 °.
High-temperature flue gas in molten point of stove 9 out by water-cooled flue by its temperature control to 1350 DEG C or so, subsequently into
Direct-reduction shaft furnace 4, and miberal powder mixing.CO reactions in miberal powder and flue gas are reduced into iron powder, and molten point of stove is entered by feed opening 7
9, DRI meal component such as following table:
Table 2
Element |
Fe |
|
|
CaO |
MgO |
S |
P |
Content % |
85 |
7.1 |
1.1 |
1.2 |
0.8 |
0.02 |
0.18 |
Coal dust and pure oxygen spray into molten point of stove 9 by oxygen coal gun, and coal powder blowing amount is set as 1.6 ton hours, and amount of oxygen is
1200Nm3/h.Coal dust composition such as following table:
Table 3
Wherein, the M in tableadRepresent air-dried moisture;AadRepresentative dries base ash content;VadAir-dried basis is represented to wave
Hair point;FCadRepresent air-dried basis fixed carbon.
S in tablet,adRepresent air-dried basis total sulphur content;C represents air-dried basis carbon content;H is represented and is air-dried
Base hydrogen content;N represents air-dried basis nitrogen content;O represents air-dried basis oxygen content;Qnet.v.arIt is higher calorific value.
Part unburned coal powder is further reduced to the iron oxide not reduced thoroughly;Control oxygen amount and coal amount, it is ensured that
Molten point of in-furnace temperature is 1750 DEG C or so.
Tapping hole 10 is opened in good time and is tapped a blast furnace slag tap according to reaction in furnace situation.
Hot metal composition such as following table:
Table 4
Fe |
C |
Si |
Mn |
P |
S |
Molten iron temperature |
95.29 |
4.11 |
0.35 |
0.21 |
0.05 |
0.02 |
~1500 |
The composition of slag such as following table:
Table 5
CaO |
|
MgO |
|
MnO |
FeO |
|
43.44 |
37.78 |
8.2 |
9.3 |
0.54 |
0.43 |
1.15 |
As seen from the above-described embodiment, the technical solution of the utility model can effectively by low-grade miberal powder be reduced to iron-holder compared with
Molten iron high.
Finally it should be noted that:Obviously, above-described embodiment is only intended to clearly illustrate the utility model example,
And not to the restriction of implementation method.For those of ordinary skill in the field, may be used also on the basis of the above description
To make other changes in different forms.There is no need and unable to be exhaustive to all of implementation method.And thus
Among the obvious change or variation amplified out are still in protection domain of the present utility model.