A kind of molten point of stove also original system of coal dust heating
Technical field
This utility model generally relates to a kind of molten point of stove also original system and in particular to a kind of the molten of coal dust heating divides stove reduction
System.
Background technology
Non-blast furnace ironmaking is a direction of Iron & Steel Development, and main purpose is to smelt and difficult reduced ore to realize low cost
Utilization, and for realizing cleanly production.In recent years coal-base fusing reduction and direct-reduction+electric furnace melt the technology of dividing with
And coal-based direct reduction+gas furnace melts point technology and progressively develops into for one of iron-smelting process technology, this technique had with coal generation
Burnt, reduction temperature is high, the duration of heat is short, energy consumption is low, environmental pollution is little and the features such as reduced investment, meets china natural resources, the energy
Current situation, becomes one of focus of iron and steel circle research both at home and abroad at present.Melting and reducing and direct-reduction technique do not use coke,
It is not required to build coke oven and chemical industry facility, sintering facility can not be built during using lump ore and part pellet, decrease more polluter,
For realizing steel plant's clean manufacturing, energy-conserving and environment-protective create condition.
Prior art one is corex (smelting iron the ultimate aim as it with coal) technology.The agent set of this technology is
Reduction shaft furnace and melting gasification furnace.By being added to lump ore and pelletizing in shaft furnace, using reducing gas, ore reduction is arrived
More than 90% metallized pellet, then feed them into melting gasification furnace and reduce further and melt, final production goes out qualified molten iron.
The shortcoming of this technology is cannot directly to utilize powder, needs first powder to be pressed into pelletizing recycling, or directly utilizes lump ore, this skill
Art is difficult to adjust in smelting process joins charcoal ratio it is impossible to accurately control the reduction effect of Ore in raw material.
Prior art two is finex (directly using fine ore and non-coking coal dust smelting molten iron) technology, is in corex technology base
The new technology growing up further on plinth, corex technology uses lump ore, pelletizing, and finex technology is all using fine ore.finex
Technical matters replace the reduction shaft furnace in corex technique with finmet (the hot wafering direct-reduction iron processes) technique of 4 grades of fluid beds,
Briquette iron by hot molding is become to add melting gasification furnace, specially fine ore and limestone with fluid bed reduction fine ore, briquetting, dolomite etc. melts
Agent is put into a series of fluidized-bed reactors together.Fine ore in a downward direction pass through four reactors, in this course by
Heating, and DRI is reduced into by the reducibility gas that coal gasification produces by reverse flow therewith.Anti- from last
The DRI answering device heat out is compressed into hot-pressed iron compact (hci:hot compacted iron), and hot-pressed iron compact is transported afterwards
To fusion and gasification furnace roof, put into melting gasification furnace, be melted.Last out molten iron and slag.
The shortcoming of prior art two is: fluid bed needs level Four to reduce, complex structure;Briquetting is needed before entering molten point of stove
Generate hot pressing ball and enter back into molten point stove.
Therefore, in order to be able to directly complete direct reduction reactor using powders such as breeze, coal dust, pulverized limestones in shaft furnace, and
Simplify multi-stage fluidized bed process, and the transporting velocity of breeze and residence time can be controlled it is ensured that the reduction effect of breeze, having must
A kind of molten point of new stove also original system is proposed.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of molten point of stove also original system of coal dust heating so that this technique can be straight
Connect and complete direct reduction reactor using powders such as breeze, coal dust, pulverized limestones in shaft furnace, and simplify multi-stage fluidized bed process, and
Transporting velocity and the residence time of breeze can be controlled, to ensure the reduction effect of breeze.
This utility model provides a kind of molten point of stove also original system of coal dust heating, and described system includes reduction shaft furnace, melts
Point stove and oxygen coal gun, wherein, described reduction shaft furnace includes breeze and flux feeding mouth, feed opening, smoke inlet, described breeze and
, located at the top of described reduction shaft furnace, described feed opening and smoke inlet are located at the bottom of described reduction shaft furnace for flux feeding mouth;
Be provided with the baffle plate of adjustable inclination in the burner hearth of described reduction shaft furnace, described baffle plate located at described breeze and flux feeding mouth it
Under, on described feed opening and described smoke inlet;Described baffle plate leaves gap with the inwall of described reduction shaft furnace, described baffle plate
On be disposed with aperture;Described baffle plate is by the rotating shaft support through described reduction shaft furnace furnace wall on described reduction shaft furnace;Described molten
Stove is divided to include feeding mouth, exhanst gas outlet and discharging opening, described feeding mouth connects the feed opening of described reduction shaft furnace, a described molten point of stove
Exhanst gas outlet by the gas approach of reduction shaft furnace described in high-temperature flue gas pipeline communication, be provided with described high-temperature flue gas pipeline
Heat exchanger;In described molten point of stove, described oxygen coal gun stretches into institute from the furnace roof of described molten point of stove to the lance head of described oxygen coal gun
State in molten point of stove.Described oxygen coal gun is connected with pulverized coal channel, heat exchange in described high-temperature flue gas pipeline for the described pulverized coal channel
Device.
Above-mentioned system, is sequentially provided with multiple gears with described inclination angle from top to bottom in the burner hearth of described reduction shaft furnace
Plate, the vertical centrage of the relatively described reduction shaft furnace in inclination angle of adjacent described baffle plate is arranged symmetrically.
Above-mentioned system, described baffle plate is adjustable as 30 ° -60 ° with the angle of horizontal plane;Hole diameter on described baffle plate
For 10mm-30mm.
Above-mentioned system, described reduction shaft furnace can be block furnace, and described baffle plate is along the length on the incline direction at described inclination angle
Spend 0.5-0.95 times for the described reduction shaft furnace length of side, the rotary shaft of adjacent described baffle plate is in the vertical direction of described reduction shaft furnace
Distance be 0.2-1.5 times of the described reduction shaft furnace length of side.
Above-mentioned system, described baffle plate is provided with sealing device with the junction of described reduction shaft furnace;Described rotating shaft is provided with
Rotation driving bar.
Above-mentioned system, is additionally provided with water-cooled flue inside described high-temperature flue gas pipeline.
Above-mentioned system, the feed opening of described reduction shaft furnace is provided with radar level gauge or capacitance material level meter;Described reduction vertical
The breeze of stove and flux feeding mouth are connected with speed governing batcher.
Above-mentioned system, the structure of described oxygen coal gun is telescopic water cooled lance, the material of the lance head of described oxygen coal gun
For copper, the sleeve internal layer of described oxygen coal gun is breeze blowing layer, and intermediate layer is blowing oxygen layer, and outermost is cooling circulating water
Layer;The oxygen inlet of described blowing oxygen layer is connected with oxygen channel, and the coal dust import of described breeze blowing layer connects described coal
Powder pipeline.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are, it is possible to use the breeze of low price and the higher lump ore of coal dust fictitious hosts and
Pellet;This utility model can adjust the quantity of unburned coal powder by adjusting the proportioning of coal dust and oxygen, in smelting process
Charcoal ratio is joined using unburned coal powder real-time adjustment according to smelting situation;This utility model adopts pure oxygen burning, and the high temperature of generation is permissible
Meet and difficult to low-grade iron ore etc. smelt the needs that ore deposit melts point;The high-temperature flue gas of molten point of stove can supply direct reduction furnace to heat
Reduction breeze.This utility model utilizes the high-temperature heating coal dust in flue, so that the theoretical temperature combustion of coal dust is also accordingly carried
Gao Liao.Additionally, this utility model regulating measure is relatively more, including delivery rate regulation, the regulation of blanking speed, amount of oxygen and coal dust
Amount is adjusted, unburned coal powder amount is adjusted etc., and the various parameters in multiple regulating measures and smelting process control and adjustment is adapted, and protect
Demonstrate,prove the reduction effect of breeze.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the system structure sketch of this utility model embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the reduction shaft furnace interior panelling front view structural representation of this utility model embodiment;And
Fig. 3 is a of reduction shaft furnace interior panelling in Fig. 2 to structural representation.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, specific embodiment of the present utility model is described in more details, with
Just the advantage that better understood when scheme of the present utility model and its various aspects.However, specific implementations described below
Mode and embodiment are only descriptive purposes, rather than to restriction of the present utility model.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1, embodiment of the present utility model is described in further detail.Coal dust in the present embodiment
A molten point stove also original system for oxygen heating includes: 1, raw material hopper;2nd, smoke evacuation system;3rd, speed governing batcher;4th, reduction shaft furnace;5、
Baffle plate;6th, high-temperature flue gas pipeline;7th, feed opening;8th, oxygen coal gun;9 molten points of stoves;10th, tapping hole;11st, oxygen channel;12nd, coal pipe
Road;13rd, heat exchanger.Wherein, raw material hopper, speed governing batcher etc. can arrange according to actual needs or be replaced by other devices.
Described reduction shaft furnace 4 includes breeze and flux feeding mouth, feed opening 7, smoke inlet, described breeze and flux pan feeding
, located at the top of described reduction shaft furnace 4, described feed opening 7 and smoke inlet are located at the bottom of described reduction shaft furnace for mouth;Described also
It is provided with the baffle plate 5 of adjustable inclination, described baffle plate 5 is under described breeze and flux feeding mouth, institute in the burner hearth of former shaft furnace 4
State on feed opening and described smoke inlet;Described baffle plate 5 leaves gap, on described baffle plate 5 with the inwall of described reduction shaft furnace 4
It is disposed with aperture;Described baffle plate 5 is supported on described reduction shaft furnace 4 by the rotating shaft 51 through described reduction shaft furnace 4 furnace wall.Baffle plate
Front view in the reduction shaft furnace 4 of 5 concrete structure such as Fig. 2 and a direction view of Fig. 3.
A described molten point stove 9 includes feeding mouth, exhanst gas outlet and discharging opening, and described feeding mouth connects described reduction shaft furnace 4
Feed opening 7, the exhanst gas outlet of described molten point of stove connects the gas approach of described reduction shaft furnace 4, in institute by high-temperature flue gas pipeline 6
State and in high-temperature flue gas pipeline 6, be provided with heat exchanger 13.
The lance head of described oxygen coal gun 8 in described molten point of stove 9, stretch from the furnace roof of described molten point of stove 9 by described oxygen coal gun 8
Enter in described molten point of stove 9.Described oxygen coal gun 8 is connected with pulverized coal channel 12, and described pulverized coal channel is through described high-temperature flue gas pipeline 6
Interior heat exchanger 13 so that coal dust enter oxygen coal gun 8 before through with high-temperature flue gas heat exchange after preheated.
It is sequentially provided with multiple baffle plates 5 with described inclination angle from top to bottom in the burner hearth of described reduction shaft furnace 4, adjacent described
The vertical centrage of the relatively described reduction shaft furnace 4 in the inclination angle of baffle plate 5 is arranged symmetrically.
This utility model instead of the higher lump ore of price and pellet using the breeze of low price and coal dust.
Breeze in raw material hopper 1 and flux can pass through speed governing batcher 3 according to a certain percentage and send into direct-reduction shaft furnace
4, speed governing batcher 3 may be designed as spiral speed regulation batcher, ensures direct-reduction shaft furnace 4 and raw material hopper 1 while feed
Between sealing.
The delivery rate of speed governing batcher 3 depends on the response speed of molten point of stove, and specific targets can be produced by molten point of stove
Co in the raw flow of co also Primordial Qi and outlet reducing gas2Content determine.Reducing gas flow is big, co2Content is little, then
Increase feeding coal, conversely, reducing feeding coal.Generally, the co that direct-reduction shaft furnace 4 exit detects2Volume contain
Between 15-25%, between 70%-80%, remaining gas are the minimum gas such as nitrogen, hydrogen to the volume content of co to amount.
The baffle plate 5 of setting adjustable inclination in shaft furnace, after breeze enters direct-reduction shaft furnace 4, along baffle plate 5 to dirty
Dynamic, the design principle of controllable register is the longest principle in material path, ensures again to the flue gas resistance in direct-reduction shaft furnace 4 simultaneously
Power can not be too big.
According to above principle, the coefficient of friction according to baffle plate 5 and breeze simultaneously, for foursquare reduction shaft furnace, design
Baffle plate 5 is 0.5-0.95 times of the reduction shaft furnace length of side along the length on the incline direction at described inclination angle, preferably 0.75 times about.
Difference in height between the rotary shaft of adjacent screen is 0.2-1.5 times of the reduction shaft furnace length of side, preferably 0.5 times about.Baffle plate 5 with
The range of accommodation of the angle of horizontal plane is defined as 30 ° -60 °.The structure of instantiation and size are as shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.In figure
Concrete structure and size are exemplary illustration.Certainly reduction shaft furnace can also be other shape such as circle.When reduction shaft furnace is other
Shape when, be also according to the longest principle in material path and consider can not be too big to the flue gas resistance in direct-reduction shaft furnace 4, come
The structure of design baffle plate and arrangement form.
When the angle of baffle plate 5 and horizontal plane is 36 °, the total distance of stream is 2.1 times about of reduction shaft furnace 4 height.
Due to the impact of frictional force and collision, material falls to becoming the reciprocal downglide motion of low speed by the movement of falling object, with whole process is
The situation (being not provided with baffle plate) of free-falling is compared, and breeze fall time is 5-12 times of free-fall time.Below specifically join
Number can make the appropriate adjustments according to the wind speed in reduction shaft furnace 4 and powder particle size scope.The material of baffle plate 5 is heat-resistance stainless steel.Gear
Plate is disposed with the aperture of diameter 10mm-30mm, and reducibility gas flow through aperture and reduction shaft furnace and gear by the lower section of reduction shaft furnace 4
Gap between plate 5 flows up, to ensure the contact that breeze is with reducibility gas.
Baffle plate 5 has the rotating shaft 51 that can make baffle plate activity and the sealing device and reduction shaft furnace between.Can be on baffle plate 5
If reinforcement 52 is to ensure intensity and the rigidity of baffle plate 5.The rotation of baffle plate 5 can hand-turning also can machine drive, on baffle plate 5
Rotation driving bar 53 can be designed with.
Reducibility gas reverse flow in breeze and shaft furnace, breeze is reduced into directly under conditions of high temperature reductive gas
Reduced iron powder, enters molten point of stove 9 by feed opening 7.The high-temperature flue gas outlet of molten point of stove 9 enters after high-temperature flue gas pipeline 6
Direct-reduction shaft furnace 4, the internal setting water-cooled flue of high-temperature flue gas pipeline 6, control flue gas to enter directly also by controlling the water yield
The temperature of former shaft furnace 4.Associated temperature is different according to the difference of Ore species, and general range is between 750 DEG C to 1100 DEG C.Warp
After crossing direct-reduction shaft furnace 4, flue gas passes through and breeze heat exchange, and temperature drops between 520 DEG C to 750 DEG C.
The feed opening 7 of direct-reduction shaft furnace 4 passes through to arrange the facility such as radar level gauge or capacitance material level meter sensing blanking feelings
Condition, prevents feed opening 7 from blocking.If it find that feed opening 7 gathers materials too much, blanking is reduced by the delivery rate controlling top
Amount, prevents from blocking.
Oxygen coal powder spray gun structure is telescopic water cooled lance, wherein, middle coal injection, periphery is oxygen, outermost
For cooling circulating water, the head material of oxygen coal gun 8 is copper lance head.Wherein pulverized coal channel 12 is first before entering oxygen coal gun 8
First pass through the heat exchanger 13 in high-temperature flue gas pipeline 6, using the high-temperature heating coal dust in flue, coal dust is heated to 200
DEG C -400 DEG C, after then coal dust passes through oxygen coal gun 8 and oxygen mix burning, due to improve the temperature of coal dust, make coal dust theoretical
Ignition temperature also improves 100 DEG C to 200 DEG C.
, during falling to bottom from direct-reduction shaft furnace 4 top, progressively classification reduction, by adjusting breeze for breeze
The time of staying in direct-reduction shaft furnace 4, reduction shaft furnace exit breeze degree of metalization can reach to control its reduction degree
80% about.Remaining unreduced breeze carries out drastic reduction in molten point of stove 9.
Molten point of stove 9 makes metal mining powder melt using the heat that oxygen coal injection burning produces.Slag and flux shape in the reaction
Become foamed slag.The direct-reduction iron powder that foamed slag charge capture enters, in the foamed slag of oxygen coal gun 8 immersion simultaneously, makes oxygen, coal dust
Combustion reaction in foamed slag, for providing heat.
Oxygen coal gun 8 passes through to control coal dust and the ratio of oxygen to control coal combustion rate, produces one by improving coal dust ratio
Part unburned coal powder, unburned coal powder enters in foamed slag and reacts further with partly unreduced breeze, makes breeze finally thorough
Reduction.
Molten iron and slag are excluded from tapping hole 10, realize the outer slag sluicing system of stove through peripheral slag skimmer.Foamed slag leads to simultaneously
Cross and so that the heating-up temperature of oxygen coal gun 8 is raised, finally realize scum in stove and separate.
This utility model can adjust the quantity of unburned coal powder by adjusting the proportioning of coal dust and oxygen, in smelting process
Charcoal ratio is joined using unburned coal powder real-time adjustment according to smelting situation.
This utility model adopts pure oxygen burning, and the high temperature of generation can meet difficult to low-grade iron ore etc. smelts what ore deposit melted point
Need.
The high-temperature flue gas of molten point of stove 9 can supply direct-reduction shaft furnace 4 to heat reduction breeze, thus realizing waste gas again
Using.
This utility model also utilizes the high-temperature heating coal dust in flue, so that the theoretical temperature combustion of coal dust is also accordingly carried
Gao Liao.
In addition, reduced iron must be compressed into hot-pressed iron compact in prior art, it is to prevent pruinescence air-flow from blowing away, and makes smelting
Stove has certain breathability;Present invention utilizes generating foamed slag in molten point of stove to solve problem above.Because foam can be utilized
Slag catches powder, and the bigger serface by the use of foamed slag as reflection carrier and solves the breathability of material.
Regulating measure of the present utility model is relatively more, including delivery rate regulation, the regulation of blanking speed, amount of oxygen and coal dust
Amount adjust, unburned coal powder amount adjust etc., multiple regulating measures adapted to smelting process various parameters control and adjustment it is ensured that
Reduction effect.
Embodiment
Raw material hopper 1 put into by breeze and a small amount of flux pulverized limestone, is sent by the speed governing batcher 2 of raw material hopper 1 bottom
Enter to be reduced directly shaft furnace 4, the baffle plate 5 that inclination fallen by breeze progressively slides above.From molten point of stove 9 high temperature co gas out
Direct-reduction shaft furnace 4 is entered by high-temperature flue gas pipeline 6.High temperature co gas and breeze reaction, breeze generates direct-reduction iron powder,
Iron powder enters molten point of stove 9 through feed opening 7.Coal dust in pulverized coal channel 12 and supplying nitrogen pass through in high-temperature flue gas pipeline 6
After heat exchanger 13, it is heated, subsequently into oxygen coal gun 8.Oxygen enters oxygen coal gun 8 by oxygen channel 11, and coal dust oxygen is in stove
Interior burning provides the temperature that heat and reaction need.After the completion of reaction, ore deposit liquid and slag pass through the intermittent discharge of tapping hole 10.Perpendicular
The complete gas of reaction in furnace is excluded by smoke discharging pipe 3, enters lower road treatment process.
Hereinafter it is specifically described step by step.
By particle diameter 0-1mm about Iron Ore Powder put into hopper according to the part by weight of 10:1 with addition of part pulverized limestone.Breeze
Composition be as follows:
Table 1
Element |
fe |
sio2 |
al2o3 |
cao |
mgo |
s |
p |
Content % |
62.8 |
5.2 |
0.8 |
0.9 |
0.5 |
0.01 |
0.05 |
Speed governing batcher 3 under raw material hopper 1 sends breeze into direct-reduction shaft furnace 4 according to the speed of 2 ton hour.
Adjust the baffle plate 5 in shaft furnace, Angle ambiguity is between 40 ° -60 °.
In molten point of stove 9, high-temperature flue gas out pass through water-cooled flue by temperature control to 1350 DEG C, subsequently into straight
Connect reduction shaft furnace 4, and breeze mixing.Co reaction in breeze and flue gas is reduced into iron powder, enters molten point of stove 9 by feed opening 7,
DRI meal component is as follows:
Table 2
Coal dust through with high-temperature flue gas heat exchange after and pure oxygen sprayed in molten point of stove 9 by oxygen coal gun 8, coal powder blowing amount is set as
1.6 ton hour, amount of oxygen is 1200nm3/h.Coal dust composition is as follows:
Table 3
Part unburned coal powder is reduced further to the ferrum oxide of not thoroughly reduction;Control oxygen amount and coal amount it is ensured that
Molten point of in-furnace temperature is 1750 DEG C.
Open tapping hole 10 in good time and tap a blast furnace according to reaction in furnace situation and slag tap.
Hot metal composition is as follows:
Table 4
fe |
c |
si |
mn |
p |
s |
Molten iron temperature |
95.29 |
4.11 |
0.35 |
0.21 |
0.05 |
0.02 |
~1500 |
The composition of slag is as follows:
Table 5
cao |
sio2 |
mgo |
al2o3 |
mno |
feo |
cao/sio2 |
43.44 |
37.78 |
8.2 |
9.3 |
0.54 |
0.43 |
1.15 |
Wherein, the m in table 3adRepresent air-dried moisture;aadRepresentative is dried base ash;vadRepresent air-dried basis to wave
Send out and divide;fcadRepresent air-dried basis fixed carbon.
S in table 3t,adRepresent air-dried basis total sulphur content;C represents air-dried basis carbon content;H represents air and is dried
Base hydrogen content;N represents air-dried basis nitrogen content;O represents air-dried basis oxygen content;qnet.v.arFor higher calorific value.
As seen from the above-described embodiment, low-grade breeze effectively can be reduced to iron-holder relatively by the technical solution of the utility model
High molten iron.
It is last that it is noted that obvious, above-described embodiment is only intended to clearly illustrate this utility model example,
And the not restriction to embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, also may be used on the basis of the above description
To make other changes in different forms.There is no need to be exhaustive to all of embodiment.And thus
The obvious change amplified out or change among still in protection domain of the present utility model.