CN106119449B - A kind of blast furnace whole world group smelting process - Google Patents
A kind of blast furnace whole world group smelting process Download PDFInfo
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- CN106119449B CN106119449B CN201610731518.1A CN201610731518A CN106119449B CN 106119449 B CN106119449 B CN 106119449B CN 201610731518 A CN201610731518 A CN 201610731518A CN 106119449 B CN106119449 B CN 106119449B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/007—Conditions of the cokes or characterised by the cokes used
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
- C21B5/001—Injecting additional fuel or reducing agents
- C21B5/003—Injection of pulverulent coal
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of blast furnace whole world to roll into a ball smelting process, concrete technology is to be added in blast furnace from furnace roof after mixing fluxed pellets, slag and lime stone, coke and ore are added portionwise in blast furnace, coke batch weight and injecting coal quantity size are adjusted in smelting process, any one distributing mode in annular, fixed point, sector is realized by blast furnace material distribution chute, shape of charge level is controlled, edge and center twice flow pattern are formed；It will be sent into blast furnace through hot air duct after >=1150 DEG C of high-temperature hot-airs pressurizations, coke and coal dust firing is made to participate in blast furnace internal oxidition reduction reaction；Ore passes through lump zone, cohesive zone, dropping zone, air port combustion zone and cupola well in blast furnace and carries out indirectly and directly reduction reaction successively, generates liquid molten iron and discharges out of the furnace through tapping hole.The present invention cancels sinter, and blast furnace process is carried out using 80 100% weight ratio of fluxed pellets, reduces environmental pollution in sinter production process and reduces process energy consumption.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metallurgical technology fields, and in particular to a kind of blast furnace whole world group smelting process.
Background technology
China promises to undertake to the world to the year two thousand twenty emission reduction CO240-45% was reduced than 2005.China's Bf Burden is with big
Based on ratio sinter, existing iron ore powder sintering production technology uses continuous pallettype sintering machine more, using being directly exposed in environment
Exhausting refrigerating mode is produced, and sintering system leaks out, exhausted air quantity is big, dust is more, pollutant is more, and intractability is big, costly
Deng the problem as environmental improvement.Produce about 1,000,000,000 tons of sinter per year at present, 3000-5000m is discharged in sinter per ton3Flue gas, one
Year reaches 30000-50000 hundred million to harmful sintering flue gases such as air discharge carbonated, oxysulfide, nitrogen oxides, bioxin
m3.However desulphurization plant is irregular, operating cost is high, and the pernicious gases such as nitrogen oxides He bioxin there is no effective purification to push away
Wide method causes the foul pollution of environment, and prodigious threat is caused to the health of our people.And prepared by fluxed pellets
Process ton mine smoke discharge amount is in 2000-3000m3, process energy consumption reduces 20-30kgce/t, and it is low that exhaust gas volumn lacks intractability, together
When reduce process energy consumption, reduce CO2Discharge capacity.The western countries such as America and Europe in order to reduce the environmental pollution of sintering production process, by
Step be decreased or turned off sintering machine and based on being smelted with pellet.Therefore, from environmental protection, the overall situation of energy-saving and emission-reduction we want
The State of Blast Furnace based on sinter smelts pattern at present for transformation, and gradually transition is the blast furnace smelting based on environmental-friendly pelletizing production
Refining pattern.
The Iron Ore Powder resource in China is based on the iron ore concentrate after lean ore final election, and granularity is more carefully suitable for pelletizing.Pelletizing production
Process energy consumption marks coal/t than sintering circuit low energy consumption 20-30kg, is 50% of sintering circuit or so, pelletizing process pollutant emission
It is also only the 50% of sintering circuit, is the mode of production of clean low consumption compared with sinter produces.
Fluxed pellets production technology setting Iron Ore Powder what sealing recycled by grate kiln or belt type roasting machine
It is roasted on standby, can greatly reduce environmental pollution and process consumption.Country's blast furnace uses large scale sinter, pelletizing at present
Mine ratio is average 15% or so, and Taiyuan Iron and Steel Co., Shoudu Iron and Steel Co capital Tang etc. are no more than 30%, and domestic extremely individual small furnace pellet ratios reach
45% or so.Sinter can not used by researching and developing one kind, and use whole world group blast furnace smelting process, and being smelted in blast furnace can
To reduce slag ratio, fuel consumption is reduced, reduces CO2Discharge capacity is energy-saving and environment-friendly blast furnace process pattern.
Invention content
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of iron-smelting process that whole world group smelts, the technique is to produce energy
It is that raw material carries out blast furnace process to consume pellet relatively low, that discharge is less, and the economy of ore smelting is improved while reducing discharge
Benefit.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that a kind of blast furnace whole world group smelting process includes the following steps：
1）By fluxed pellets press 80-100% mass ratios, lump ore by 0-20% mass ratios, slag and lime stone according to
It is added in blast furnace from furnace roof after the mixing of 0-10% mass ratios；
2）Ensure smelting demand based on ore batch weight, coke and ore are added portionwise in blast furnace, to ensure blast furnace process
It is smoothed out, is realized by adjusting coke batch weight and injecting coal quantity size；
3）Any one distributing mode in annular, fixed point, sector is realized by blast furnace material distribution chute, controls charge level shape
Shape forms edge and center twice flow pattern；
4）Using exhaust gas of hot-blast stove preheat coal gas and air, combustion heating hot-blast stove, will after hot air furnace heat exchange >=
1150 DEG C of high-temperature hot-airs are sent into blast furnace after pressurization through hot air duct, so that coke and coal dust firing is participated in the reduction of blast furnace internal oxidition anti-
It answers；
5）Control for Oxygen Content is in 21%-35% in air blast；
6）Ore passes through lump zone successively in blast furnace, cohesive zone, dropping zone, air port combustion zone and cupola well carry out indirectly and
Direct reduction reactor generates liquid molten iron and discharges out of the furnace through tapping hole.
Technique of the present invention can reach the efficient low of blast furnace process slag ratio 185-300kg/t, fuel ratio 450-480kg/t
Consume smelting pattern.
Process continuity production of the present invention contains Si：0.1-0.5%, contain Fe >=99.45%, contain S：0.01-0.03%'s is excellent
Matter molten iron.
Step 2 of the present invention）In coke batch weight be ore batch weight 1/3-1/5.
Step 2 of the present invention）In injecting coal quantity be 100-220kg/t.
Step 2 of the present invention）In ore batch weight in pellet weight percent accounting be 80-100%.
Step 4 of the present invention）In high-temperature hot-air, air quantity 1500-8000m/min, wind pressure 200-500kpa.
The mentality of designing of the present invention：
1, final election need not be crushed for the steel plant such as slag iron content solid waste and enters sintering for agglumeration, can be used as flux
Directly be broken into suitable particle size and enter blast furnace process, can not only recycle ferro element resource, but can reduce re-sinter caused by energy
Source wastes.
2, in terms of cloth：Since there is pellet good rollability, natural angle of rest (repose) there was only 35-40。, in blast furnace material distribution
It needs to realize the distributing modes such as annular, fixed point, sector by distributor chute in the process, controls rational shape of charge level, development is closed
The edge and center twice flow pattern of reason, blast furnace gas utilization rate are controlled 43% or more.
3, in terms of blast furnace process：Whole world group steelmaking furnace cohesive zone position is high, and section is wide can cause blast furnace stock column for softening
Gas permeability changes very greatly, is very different with the smelting of large scale sinter, is made to the indirect reduction and direct-reduction of blast furnace burden
At influence, need to control reasonable blowing system and thermal system.
4, in terms of slagging regime：Whole world group, which smelts, has the less quantity of slag, is caused to the quality and ingredient of blase furnace cast iron
Very big influence.The quantity of slag can cause desulfurization difficult less, and molten iron S contents severely exceed, and cause iron quality accident.By controlling clinker
Basicity 1.0-1.5 levels adjust pig iron ingredient.
5, in iron quality control aspect：In the case of positive generation production, ensure that Si contents are in 0.1- in molten iron chemical composition
0.5%, Fe content are in 99.45%, S contents in 0.01-0.03%.
It is using the advantageous effect of above-mentioned technical proposal：1. cancelling sinter, fluxed pellets 80-100% weight is used
Ratio, slag and lime stone carry out blast furnace process according to 0-10% weight ratio, reduce environmental pollution in sinter production process
With reduction process energy consumption.2. economic and technical norms are excellent, blast furnace process slag ratio 185-300kg/t, fuel ratio 450-480kg/t's
Efficient low-consume smelts pattern, can be further reduced CO2Discharge capacity.3. consecutive production Si contents are in 0.1-0.5%, Fe contents
>=99.45%, S content are in the high-quality molten iron of 0.01-0.03%.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is present invention process flow chart.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described in further details below in conjunction with the drawings and the specific embodiments.
The present invention provides a kind of blast furnace whole world to roll into a ball smelting process, it is therefore intended that cancels existing high pollution maximum discharge sinter
Production technology uses the pellet blast furnace process pattern of relative clean.Use existing blast furnace process pattern and the blast furnace smelting of whole world group
Refining difference is shown in Table 1
1 existing blast furnace process pattern of table and the blast furnace process comparison of whole world group
Embodiment 1
With 450m3For blast furnace：
A kind of blast furnace whole world group smelting process, includes the following steps：
1）Fluxed pellets are pressed into 80% mass ratio, lump ore is by 15% mass ratio, slag and lime stone according to 5% weight
It is added in blast furnace from furnace roof after ratio mixing, feed grade 61.85%；
2）Coke and ore are added portionwise in blast furnace, ore batch weight 25t/t, coke batch weight is the 1/ of ore batch weight
5, injecting coal quantity 133kg/t；
3）Annular distributing mode is realized by blast furnace material distribution chute, is controlled shape of charge level, is formed edge and center twice gas
Stream mode；
4）Using exhaust gas of hot-blast stove preheat coal gas and air, combustion heating hot-blast stove, will after hot air furnace heat exchange,
It is sent into blast furnace through hot air duct after 1151 DEG C of high-temperature hot-air pressurizations, air quantity 1558m/min, wind pressure 241kpa make coke and coal dust
Burning participates in blast furnace internal oxidition reduction reaction；
5）Control for Oxygen Content is 21% in air blast, oxygen enrichment percentage 2.41%；
6）Ore passes through lump zone successively in blast furnace, cohesive zone, dropping zone, air port combustion zone and cupola well carry out indirectly and
Direct reduction reactor generates liquid molten iron and discharges out of the furnace through tapping hole, capacity factor of a blast furnace 4.01t/m3D, molten iron temperature
1493 DEG C, Si contents 0.35%, Fe contents 99.45%, S contents 0.028%.
The efficient low-consume that the present embodiment can reach blast furnace process slag ratio 201kg/t, fuel ratio 461kg/t smelts pattern.
Embodiment 2
With 450m3For blast furnace：
A kind of blast furnace whole world group smelting process, includes the following steps：
1）Fluxed pellets are pressed into 90% mass ratio, lump ore is by 7% mass ratio, slag and lime stone according to 3% weight ratio
It is added in blast furnace from furnace roof after example mixing, feed grade 60%；
2）Coke and ore are added portionwise in blast furnace, ore batch weight 25t/t, coke batch weight is the 1/ of ore batch weight
3, injecting coal quantity 100kg/t；
3）Fan-shaped distributing mode is realized by blast furnace material distribution chute, is controlled shape of charge level, is formed edge and center twice gas
Stream mode；
4）Using exhaust gas of hot-blast stove preheat coal gas and air, combustion heating hot-blast stove, will after hot air furnace heat exchange,
It is sent into blast furnace through hot air duct after 1180 DEG C of high-temperature hot-air pressurizations, air quantity 1620m/min, wind pressure 253kpa make coke and coal dust
Burning participates in blast furnace internal oxidition reduction reaction；
5）Control for Oxygen Content is 28% in air blast；Oxygen enrichment percentage 7%；
6）Ore passes through lump zone successively in blast furnace, cohesive zone, dropping zone, air port combustion zone and cupola well carry out indirectly and
Direct reduction reactor generates liquid molten iron and discharges out of the furnace through tapping hole, capacity factor of a blast furnace 3.91t/m3D, molten iron temperature
1502 DEG C, Si contents 0.1%, Fe contents 99.82%, S contents 0.010%.
The efficient low-consume that the present embodiment can reach blast furnace process slag ratio 297kg/t, fuel ratio 480kg/t smelts pattern.
Embodiment 3
With 450m3For blast furnace：
A kind of blast furnace whole world group smelting process, includes the following steps：
1）Fluxed pellets are pressed into 100% mass ratio, lump ore is by 0% mass ratio, slag and lime stone according to 0% weight
It is added in blast furnace from furnace roof after ratio mixing, feed grade 62%；
2）Coke and ore are added portionwise in blast furnace, ore batch weight 25t/t, coke batch weight is the 1/ of ore batch weight
4, injecting coal quantity 220kg/t；
3）Fixed point distributing mode is realized by blast furnace material distribution chute, is controlled shape of charge level, is formed edge and center twice gas
Stream mode；
4）Using exhaust gas of hot-blast stove preheat coal gas and air, combustion heating hot-blast stove, will after hot air furnace heat exchange,
It is sent into blast furnace through hot air duct after 1250 DEG C of high-temperature hot-air pressurizations, air quantity 1580m/min, wind pressure 250kpa make coke and coal dust
Burning participates in blast furnace internal oxidition reduction reaction；
5）Control for Oxygen Content is 35% in air blast；Oxygen enrichment percentage 14%；
6）Ore passes through lump zone successively in blast furnace, cohesive zone, dropping zone, air port combustion zone and cupola well carry out indirectly and
Direct reduction reactor generates liquid molten iron and discharges out of the furnace through tapping hole, capacity factor of a blast furnace 4.0t/m3D, molten iron temperature 1520
DEG C, Si contents 0.4%, Fe contents 99.51%, S contents 0.028%.
The efficient low-consume that the present embodiment can reach blast furnace process slag ratio 188kg/t, fuel ratio 455kg/t smelts pattern.
Because the present invention has industry universality, the present invention is applied, and blast furnace is not limited to above-mentioned furnace volume, to all appearances
Product blast furnace is all about scheduled in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
The above embodiments are only used to illustrate and not limit the technical solutions of the present invention, although with reference to above-described embodiment to this hair
It is bright to be described in detail, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that：Still can the present invention be modified or be waited
With replacing, without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention, or any substitutions, the power in the present invention should all be covered
In sharp claimed range.
Claims (2)
1. smelting process is rolled into a ball in a kind of blast furnace whole world, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
1）Fluxed pellets are pressed into 80% mass ratio, lump ore is by 15% mass ratio, slag and lime stone according to 5% weight ratio
It is added in blast furnace from furnace roof after mixing, feed grade 61.85%；
2）Coke and ore are added portionwise in blast furnace, ore batch weight 25t/t, coke batch weight is the 1/5 of ore batch weight, coal powder injection
Amount is 133kg/t；Blast furnace process slag ratio 201kg/t, fuel ratio 461kg/t；
3）Annular distributing mode is realized by blast furnace material distribution chute, is controlled shape of charge level, is formed edge and center twice air-flow mould
Formula；
4）The coal gas and air preheated using exhaust gas of hot-blast stove, combustion heating hot-blast stove will be after hot air furnace heat exchange, 1151 DEG C
It is sent into blast furnace through hot air duct after high-temperature hot-air pressurization, air quantity 1558m/min, wind pressure 241kpa make coke and coal dust firing join
With blast furnace internal oxidition reduction reaction；
5）Control for Oxygen Content is 21% in air blast, oxygen enrichment percentage 2.41%；
6）Ore passes through lump zone, cohesive zone, dropping zone, air port combustion zone and cupola well successively in blast furnace to carry out indirectly and directly
Reduction reaction generates liquid molten iron and discharges out of the furnace through tapping hole, capacity factor of a blast furnace 4.01t/m3D, 1493 DEG C of molten iron temperature,
Si contents 0.35%, Fe contents 99.45%, S contents 0.028%.
2. smelting process is rolled into a ball in a kind of blast furnace whole world, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
1）Fluxed pellets are pressed into 90% mass ratio, lump ore is mixed according to 3% weight ratio by 7% mass ratio, slag and lime stone
It is added in blast furnace from furnace roof after conjunction, feed grade 60%；
2）Coke and ore are added portionwise in blast furnace, ore batch weight 25t/t, coke batch weight is the 1/3 of ore batch weight, spray
Coal amount is 100kg/t；Blast furnace process slag ratio 297kg/t, fuel ratio 480kg/t；
3）Fan-shaped distributing mode is realized by blast furnace material distribution chute, is controlled shape of charge level, is formed edge and center twice air-flow mould
Formula；
4）The coal gas and air preheated using exhaust gas of hot-blast stove, combustion heating hot-blast stove will be after hot air furnace heat exchange, 1180 DEG C
It is sent into blast furnace through hot air duct after high-temperature hot-air pressurization, air quantity 1620m/min, wind pressure 253kpa make coke and coal dust firing join
With blast furnace internal oxidition reduction reaction；
5）Control for Oxygen Content is 28% in air blast；Oxygen enrichment percentage 7%,
6）Ore passes through lump zone, cohesive zone, dropping zone, air port combustion zone and cupola well successively in blast furnace to carry out indirectly and directly
Reduction reaction generates liquid molten iron and discharges out of the furnace through tapping hole, capacity factor of a blast furnace 3.91t/m3D, 1502 DEG C of molten iron temperature,
Si contents 0.1%, Fe contents 99.82%, S contents 0.010%.
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Families Citing this family (5)
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| CN107119163A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-09-01 | 唐山钢铁集团有限责任公司 | A kind of Burden distribution method of blast furnace of pelletizing at high proportion |
| CN108929927A (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2018-12-04 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | A kind of blast furnace smelting method of the vanadium titano-magnetite of high proportion pellet ore |
| CN112226558A (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2021-01-15 | 王玉平 | Blast furnace iron-smelting method using high-proportion alkaline pellets and pellet distributing machine |
| CN113265496B (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2023-01-31 | 首钢集团有限公司 | Blast furnace iron-making method using full-acid pellets as raw materials |
| CN117329862A (en) * | 2023-09-27 | 2024-01-02 | 山东钢铁集团永锋临港有限公司 | Lump ore drying system and method taking sintering waste heat as heat source |
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| CN103468838A (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2013-12-25 | 安阳钢铁股份有限公司 | Blast furnace ironmaking technology adopting high pellet ore proportion |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103468838A (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2013-12-25 | 安阳钢铁股份有限公司 | Blast furnace ironmaking technology adopting high pellet ore proportion |
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