CN112213988B - Intelligent control system of seeder and control method thereof - Google Patents
Intelligent control system of seeder and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112213988B CN112213988B CN202011172772.5A CN202011172772A CN112213988B CN 112213988 B CN112213988 B CN 112213988B CN 202011172772 A CN202011172772 A CN 202011172772A CN 112213988 B CN112213988 B CN 112213988B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- seeder
- program
- driving mechanism
- seeding
- seed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/05—Programmable logic controllers, e.g. simulating logic interconnections of signals according to ladder diagrams or function charts
- G05B19/058—Safety, monitoring
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/06—Seeders combined with fertilising apparatus
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Sowing (AREA)
- Fertilizing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent control system of a seeder and a control method thereof, wherein the intelligent control system of the seeder comprises a control unit, an execution unit and a monitoring unit; the seed sowing control module and the fertilization control module of the control unit are internally provided with an automatic control program and a manual operation program. The method comprises the steps of firstly, measuring the movement speed of a land wheel of the seeder in real time through an encoder in a monitoring unit; then, the basic parameters, the variable parameters and the detection data are calculated and analyzed through a control unit; finally, converting the analysis result into a pulse signal to control the execution unit; in the period, the monitoring unit can also monitor the working processes of fertilizing and seeding of the seeder so as to find and eliminate faults in time. The invention can accurately control the seeding plant spacing and the fertilizing amount per mu of the seeder, and can realize seeding operation on any line, thereby saving time and labor and efficiently and accurately seeding.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery electric control, relates to automatic control of fertilizing and seeding of a seeder, and particularly relates to an intelligent control system of the seeder and a control method thereof.
Background
At present, the fertilization and seed-metering system of the domestic seeder is generally driven by a land wheel, and after the speed of a manual gearbox is changed, the land wheel is connected with a seed-metering device or a fertilizer applicator through a chain or a transmission shaft for working. Seeding with this control system often suffers from the following disadvantages:
1. poor seeding uniformity
The land wheel drives the seed sowing device or the fertilizer applicator through a multi-stage transmission mechanism, and the rotational resistance of the land wheel is large; and the no-tillage seeding technology is adopted in China mostly, the straws and weeds on the surface of the soil are numerous, and the adhesive force of land wheels is small. These problems can cause the land wheel to slip, and further the uniformity of seeding can not be guaranteed.
2. Difficulty in adjusting the row spacing of the seeds
When the seeding plant spacing is adjusted, the transmission-gear chain wheel ratio corresponding to the seeding plant spacing needs to be obtained through manual calculation, then the corresponding chain wheels are manually exchanged to realize the adjustment of the seeding plant spacing, the whole operation process is very complex, and time and labor are wasted. In addition, the adjusting mode can only calculate a limited number of plant distances, and the requirement of precision seeding is difficult to achieve.
3. Difficulty in troubleshooting
The whole system realizes the control of the fertilizing and seeding work of the seeder through a mechanical structure, has complex structure and difficult operation, and is easy to break down. However, the alarm of the conventional seeder is generally arranged outside a cab, and only a fault can be prompted to a driver during seeding operation, but the fault position cannot be displayed to the driver. Therefore, when the seeder breaks down, a driver needs to check all parts of the seeder one by one, and then can repair the fault occurrence point, and the whole process of removing the fault is very difficult.
4. The phenomenon of reseeding is easy to occur in the edge row seeding
When the seeding is carried out while the driver needs to get off to close a part of the seeding apparatus, the seeding operation is carried out, and the operation process is complex and tedious. In addition, the seed sowing device can generate a rebroadcast phenomenon once being not tightly closed, so that seeds are wasted, and the rebroadcast plants need to be pulled out at the later stage, so that unnecessary workload is added to the farming.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an intelligent control system of a seeder and a control method thereof, on one hand, the seeding row spacing and the seeding plant spacing of the seeder can be accurately controlled through simple operation, and on the other hand, the fault of the seeder can be rapidly eliminated, so that the aim of accurate seeding is fulfilled.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: an intelligent control system of a seeding machine comprises a control unit, an execution unit and a monitoring unit;
the control unit comprises a PLC controller provided with a seed sowing control module, a fertilization control module and a monitoring alarm module; wherein, the seed sowing control module and the fertilization control module are internally provided with an automatic control program and a manual operation program;
the execution unit comprises a first driving mechanism and a second driving mechanism which are respectively connected with the output port of the PLC; the first driving mechanism is in power connection with a seed sowing device of the seeder, and the second driving mechanism is in power connection with a fertilizer applicator of the seeder;
the monitoring unit comprises an encoder, a seed metering monitoring element and a fertilizing monitoring element which are respectively connected with the input port of the PLC; wherein, the encoder is fixedly arranged at the end part of the ground wheel of the seeder and rotates coaxially with the ground wheel of the seeder; the seed metering monitoring element is arranged on a seed guide pipe of the seeder, and the fertilizing monitoring element is arranged on a fertilizing pipe of the seeder.
As a limitation of the invention, the automatic control program of the seeding control module comprises a first program and a second program which are alternately operated in sequence.
As another limitation of the invention, the invention also comprises a photoelectric switch connected with the input port of the PLC controller, and the photoelectric switch is arranged on the support arm of the driving wheel of the seeder;
and the seeder also comprises a voltage inverter electrically connected with the seeder power supply.
As a further limitation of the present invention, the second driving mechanism comprises a base fertilizer driving mechanism and a mouth fertilizer driving mechanism; the fertilization monitoring element comprises a base fertilizer monitoring probe arranged on the base fertilizer applicator and a mouth fertilizer monitoring probe arranged on the mouth fertilizer applicator.
As yet a further limitation of the present invention, the first drive mechanism and the second drive mechanism each comprise a stepper motor driver and a stepper motor electrically connected.
The invention also discloses a method for accurately controlling the fertilization and seed sowing of the seeder, which utilizes the intelligent control system of the seeder, and comprises the following steps in sequence:
s1, inputting the basic parameters and the variable parameters into the PLC; wherein the variable parameters are the seeding plant spacing and the fertilizing amount per mu;
s2, the encoder measures the rotation speed of the land wheel of the seeder in real time and transmits the acquired data to the PLC;
s3, setting the seeding line number of the seeder through a manual operation program of a seeding control module in the PLC controller; then, an automatic control program of a seed metering control module in the PLC calculates internal data, converts a calculation result into a pulse signal and transmits the pulse signal to a first driving mechanism, and the first driving mechanism drives a seed metering device to perform seed metering operation;
s4, setting the fertilizing line number of the seeder through a manual operation program of a fertilizing control module in the PLC; then, an automatic control program of a fertilization control module in the PLC calculates internal data, converts a calculation result into a pulse signal and transmits the pulse signal to a second driving mechanism, and drives the fertilizer applicator to perform fertilization operation through the second driving mechanism;
s5, when the seed metering device performs seed metering operation, the seed metering monitoring element monitors the fault of the seed guide tube, and after the fault is detected, a fault signal is transmitted to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller interrupts the operation program and gives an alarm;
during the fertilization operation of the fertilizer applicator, the fertilization monitoring element monitors the fault of the fertilization pipe, and after the fault is detected, a fault signal is transmitted to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller interrupts the operation program and gives an alarm.
As a limitation of the invention, when the steps are carried out, the photoelectric switch monitors whether the seeder is in a running state in real time, and when the condition that the seeder is not running is detected, the blocking signal is transmitted to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller interrupts the running program.
As another limitation of the present invention, step S3 includes the following steps performed in order:
a1, starting a first program and a second program of an automatic control program in the seed metering control module;
a2, a first program calculates internal data, converts the calculation result into a pulse signal and transmits the pulse signal to a first driving mechanism, and the first driving mechanism drives a seed metering device to perform seed metering operation;
a3, then, the second program calculates the internal data, converts the calculation result into a pulse signal and transmits the pulse signal to the first driving mechanism, the first driving mechanism drives the seed metering device to seed, and the first program and the second program alternately run in sequence.
As another limitation of the present invention, step S3 includes the following steps performed in order:
b1, starting a first program of an automatic control program in the seed metering control module;
b2, the first program calculates the internal data, converts the calculation result into a pulse signal and transmits the pulse signal to the first driving mechanism, and the first driving mechanism drives the seed metering device to seed.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the invention, the seed sowing device and the fertilizer applicator are respectively provided with the independent driving mechanisms, the rotating speed of the land wheel is reflected by the encoder, and the automatic control is carried out by the PLC controller, so that the structure is reasonable, the operation is simple, the influence on the rotation of the land wheel is small, the sowing plant spacing and the fertilizer discharging amount can be accurately controlled, the problem of uneven sowing of the traditional sowing machine is effectively solved, and the precision sowing quality of the sowing machine is improved;
(2) according to the invention, the adjustment of the seeding plant spacing and the fertilizer discharge amount can be realized through the PLC, the control of the seeding plant spacing can be accurate to a millimeter, the operation is simple and effective, the complicated conversion calculation process is omitted, and the requirement of precise seeding of the seeding machine is realized;
(3) the seed discharging monitoring element and the fertilizing monitoring element can monitor the seeding condition and the fertilizing condition of the seeder in real time, and can display visual alarm through the display screen of the PLC controller, so that the fault occurrence point can be accurately prompted to a driver, the driver is further assisted to quickly remove the fault, and the seeding efficiency of the seeder is correspondingly improved;
(4) the seed discharging control module and the fertilizing control module of the PLC are respectively provided with an automatic control program and a manual operation program, wherein the automatic control program can accurately control the seeding row spacing and the fertilizing amount of the seeder, and the manual operation program can enable a driver to adjust the seeding row number and the fertilizing row number of the seeder. The control system can effectively solve the problem that the traditional seeder is easy to realize the repeated seeding in the side row while ensuring the precision seeding of the seeder.
(5) In order to ensure good photosynthesis of crops and improve the yield of the crops, the current domestic research has the most advanced planting mode: the crops in the same column have two different planting distances (for example, the arrangement mode of the distances is 250-600-250-600). The seed metering control module automatically controls the first program and the second program which are sequentially and alternately operated in the program, can realize the planting modes of single seeding plant spacing and two different seeding plant spacing, and further can select a proper planting mode according to the differences of soil fertility, the surrounding environment (illumination, humidity, ventilation and the like), the seeding season and the like. This system powerful can realize different planting modes according to demand control seeder.
(6) The photoelectric switch arranged on the driving support arm of the seeder can monitor whether the seeder is in an advancing state or not in real time, and when the seeder stops advancing, the photoelectric switch blocks a PLC (programmable logic controller) to transmit signals, so that the phenomenon that the encoder rotates due to machine vibration and the PLC program is started by mistake can be avoided, the reliability of a control system is greatly improved, the waste of seeds is avoided, and the precision seeding quality of the seeder is ensured.
(7) The voltage inverter can convert the voltage of the power supply of the seeder, so that the whole control system can be powered by the power supply of the seeder, a power supply device is not required to be additionally arranged, the structure is simple, and sufficient electric quantity can be provided for the control system.
(8) The driving mechanisms in the invention are all stepping motors, so that the control on the seeding plant spacing and the fertilizer discharge amount of the seeder is more accurate, and the phenomena of stopping at the ground for fertilizer discharge and seed feeding can be effectively solved.
In conclusion, the invention has the advantages of reasonable structure, simple operation and accurate control, a driver can accurately control the seeding plant spacing and the fertilizing amount per mu in the cab, and meanwhile, the seeding operation on any line can be realized, so that the time and labor are saved, and the seeding is efficient and accurate.
The invention is suitable for the seeding machine and is used for controlling the seeding machine to perform precise seeding.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a structural frame diagram of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an electric control wiring diagram according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a PLC controller; 2. a first stepper motor driver; 3. a first stepper motor; 4. a seed sowing device; 5. a second step motor driver; 6. a second stepping motor; 7. a base fertilizer applicator; 8. a third step of advancing the motor driver; 9. a third step motor; 10. a fertilizer applicator for mouth fertilizer; 11. an encoder; 12. a voltage inverter; 13. a seeder power supply; 14. photoelectric switch, 15, air switch.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the description of the preferred embodiment is only for purposes of illustration and understanding, and is not intended to limit the invention.
Embodiment 1 seeder intelligence control system
This embodiment adopts step motor drive seed metering ware 4, fertilizer applicator rotatory to realize the control to step motor through the PLC procedure, the seeder is marchd the in-process and can be to seeding plant spacing and the accurate control of amount of fertilizer application per mu, and then reaches the requirement of precision seeding.
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the present embodiment includes a control unit, an execution unit, and a monitoring unit.
One, execution unit
The execution unit is used for driving the fertilizer applicator and the seed sowing device 4 to rotate so as to complete the work of fertilizer application and seed sowing. The execution unit comprises a first driving mechanism and a second driving mechanism which are respectively connected with the output port of the control unit, wherein the first driving mechanism is in power connection with a seed metering device 4 in the seeder and is used for driving the seed suction disc in the seed metering device 4 to rotate; the second driving mechanism is in power connection with the fertilizer applicator in the seeder and is used for driving the grooved wheel in the fertilizer applicator to rotate.
More specifically, the first driving mechanism includes a first stepping motor driver 3 and a first stepping motor 3 electrically connected, as shown in fig. 2, the first stepping motor driver 3 is connected to an output port of the control unit, and the first stepping motor 3 is used for driving rotation of a seed suction disc in the seed sowing device 4. The present embodiment is provided with four sets of first driving mechanisms in total.
The second driving mechanism comprises a base fertilizer driving mechanism and a mouth fertilizer driving mechanism, and is the same as the first driving mechanism, the base fertilizer driving mechanism comprises a second stepping motor driver 5 and a second stepping motor 6 which are electrically connected, as shown in fig. 2, the second stepping motor driver 5 is connected with an output port of the control unit, and the second stepping motor 6 is in power connection with a base fertilizer applicator 7 in the seeder and is used for driving a grooved wheel in the base fertilizer applicator 7 to rotate; the fertilizer applicator 10 comprises a third step motor driver 8 and a third step motor 9 which are electrically connected, as shown in fig. 2, the third step motor driver 8 is connected with a wiring port of the control unit, and the third step motor 9 is in power connection with the fertilizer applicator 10 in the seeder and is used for driving a grooved wheel in the fertilizer applicator 10 to rotate. The embodiment is provided with four groups of oral fertilizer driving mechanisms and two groups of base fertilizer driving mechanisms.
Second, control unit
The control unit is used for receiving the detection signal of the monitoring unit and sending an execution command to the execution unit. In this embodiment, the control unit is a PLC controller 1, and includes a seed metering control module, a fertilization control module, and a monitoring alarm module. The seed sowing control module is used for controlling the rotation angle of each first stepping motor 3 in the first driving mechanism so as to realize accurate control of the sowing row spacing of the seeder; the fertilization control module is used for controlling the rotation angles of each second stepping motor 6 and each third stepping motor 9 in the second driving mechanism, so that the base fertilizer fertilization amount per mu and the oral fertilizer fertilization amount per mu of the seeder can be accurately controlled; and the monitoring alarm module is used for receiving and processing the detection signal of the monitoring unit and monitoring whether the seeder fails in real time.
It is important to explain that the seeding control module and the fertilizing control module are both internally provided with an automatic control program and a manual operation program. The automatic control program is used for controlling the rotation angle of each stepping motor in the first driving mechanism and the second driving mechanism and accurately controlling the seeding planting distance and the fertilizing amount per mu of the seeder; the manual operation program is used for controlling the start and stop of any one first driving mechanism, any one oral fertilizer driving mechanism and any one base fertilizer driving mechanism, and controlling the seeding line number and the fertilizing line number of the seeder.
The automatic control program of the seed metering control module comprises a first program and a second program which are operated alternately in sequence, and the automatic control program can control the seeder to realize the seeding mode of single seeding row spacing and two different seeding row spacing. In the specific implementation: if the single sowing plant spacing is adopted for sowing, only the first program is operated, and the numerical value of the sowing plant spacing is preset in the program; if two different planting distances are adopted for planting, the first program and the second program are alternately operated in sequence, and the numerical value of one planting distance is preset in the first program and the second program respectively.
Third, monitoring unit
The monitoring unit is used for detecting the seeding and fertilizing processes of the seeder in real time and transmitting detected fault signals to the control unit. As shown in fig. 2, the monitoring unit includes an encoder 11, a seed metering monitoring element and a fertilizing monitoring element, which are respectively connected to the input port of the PLC controller 1. The encoder 11 is fixedly arranged at the end part of the ground wheel of the seeder, coaxially rotates with the ground wheel of the seeder and is used for detecting the rotating speed of the ground wheel of the seeder; the seed metering monitoring element is arranged on a seed guide pipe of the seeder and is used for detecting whether the seeding condition of the seeder is normal or not; the fertilizing monitoring element is arranged on the fertilizing pipe of the seeder and used for detecting whether the fertilizing condition of the seeder is normal or not.
In order to adapt to the structure of most seeding machines, the fertilization monitoring element in the embodiment comprises a base fertilizer monitoring probe arranged on the base fertilizer applicator 7 and a mouth fertilizer monitoring probe arranged on the mouth fertilizer applicator 10.
In order to avoid the phenomena of stopping at the ground, fertilizer discharging and seed feeding, a photoelectric switch 14 is arranged on the support arm of the driving wheel of the seeder in the embodiment, and the photoelectric switch 14 is connected with a wiring port of the PLC 1. Photoelectric switch 14 can handle the state of marcing to the seeder and carry out real-time supervision, and when the seeder stopped to march, photoelectric switch 14 blocks PLC controller 1 promptly and carries the signal, can avoid the machine vibration and cause encoder 11 rotatory, and then the condition that leads to PLC controller 1 false start appears.
In this embodiment, the seeder power supply 13 is further electrically connected with a voltage inverter 12, and the voltage inverter 12 can convert the 12V voltage of the seeder power supply 13 into a 24V voltage to supply power to the above components. An air switch 15 is also arranged between the seeder power supply 13 and the voltage inverter 12 and is used for controlling the power supply and the power interruption of the whole system.
Example 2 method for accurately controlling fertilization and seed sowing of seeder
The intelligent control system of the seeding machine in the embodiment 1 comprises the following steps which are sequentially carried out:
step S1, presetting parameters
The program is started and the basic parameters and the variable parameters are input into the PLC controller 1. Wherein the variable parameters are the seeding plant spacing x and the fertilizing amount y per mu.
Step S2, real-time measurement of land wheel speed
In the advancing process of the seeder, the encoder 11 measures the rotating speed of the ground wheel of the seeder in real time and transmits the acquired data to the PLC controller 1. PLC controller 1 passes the formula
And the numerical calculation measured by the encoder 11 is converted into the internal data of the PLC 1.
Wherein: a is encoder subdivision, x is a seeding plant spacing, v is a movement speed of a seeder ground wheel, t is a movement time of the seeder ground wheel, and delta beta is an input numerical value of an encoder 11 determined by the PLC 1.
Step S3, seed feed operation control
Setting the seeding line number of the seeder through a manual operation program of a seed metering control module in the PLC 1; then, the automatic control program of the seed metering control module in the PLC controller 1 carries out internal data calculation, converts the calculation structure into a pulse signal and transmits the pulse signal to the first driving mechanism, and the first driving mechanism drives the seed metering device 4 to carry out seed metering operation.
The internal data calculation process of the automatic control program of the seed metering control module in the PLC 1 is as follows:
firstly, the method comprises the following steps:
calculating a plant spacing conversion constant;
wherein L is a row spacing conversion constant, a is encoder subdivision, x is a sowing row spacing, and b is the land wheel perimeter of the sowing machine;
(II) then through the formula:
calculating the subdivision of the distance between each plant spacing;
f is the subdivision of the distance between each row spacing, m is the number of teeth of a large sowing gear, n is the number of teeth of a small sowing gear, c is the subdivision of a first stepping motor driver, and d is the number of seed sucking holes of a seed sowing device;
(III) finally, by the formula:
calculating the number of turns of the first stepping motor 3;
wherein r is the number of turns required by the first stepping motor 3, f is the subdivision of the distance between each plant spacing, Δ β is the input value of the encoder 11 determined by the PLC controller 1, and L is the conversion constant of the plant spacing.
The parameters appearing above: the encoder is subdivided: a, the circumference of a land wheel of the seeder: b; seeding large gear tooth number: m; seeding pinion number of teeth: n; the first step motor driver subdivides: c; seed suction hole number of the seed sowing device: d; are basic parameters which are input into the PLC controller 1 in advance.
Step S4, fertilization control
c1, controlling the fertilizing amount of the base fertilizer: setting the number of the base fertilizer application lines of the seeder through a manual operation program of a fertilizer application control module in the PLC 1; and then, an automatic control program of a fertilization control module in the PLC 1 calculates internal data, converts a calculation result into a pulse signal and transmits the pulse signal to the base fertilizer driving mechanism, and the base fertilizer applicator 7 is driven by the base fertilizer driving mechanism to carry out fertilization operation.
c2, controlling the fertilizing amount of the oral fertilizer: setting the fertilizing line number of the mouth fertilizer of the seeder through a manual operation program of a fertilizing control module in the PLC 1 (when the fertilizing line number is specifically set, the fertilizing line number of the mouth fertilizer is generally the same as the seeding line number); then, the automatic control program of the fertilization control module in the PLC controller 1 calculates internal data, converts the calculation result into a pulse signal, and transmits the pulse signal to the oral fertilizer driving mechanism, and drives the oral fertilizer applicator 10 to perform fertilization operation by the oral fertilizer driving mechanism.
It should be noted that, the formula used in the calculation of the internal data of the automatic control program of the fertilization control module in the PLC controller 1 is the same as the formula used in step S3, and only the corresponding parameters are replaced in the actual calculation, so that details are not described here.
The structural composition of the seeder is briefly explained here: a base fertilizer applying mechanism, a seed discharging mechanism and a mouth fertilizer applying mechanism are sequentially arranged along the advancing direction of the seeder. Therefore, the step S3 and the step S4 are synchronously performed, the control process is not divided into front and back, and the seeder can sequentially perform the operations of base fertilizer application operation, seed metering operation and mouth fertilizer application operation in the advancing process.
Step S5,
In the seeding operation process of the seeder, the seeding monitoring element monitors the seed guide pipe in real time, and after a fault is detected, a fault signal is transmitted to the PLC controller 1, the PLC controller 1 interrupts the operation programs of the seeding control module and the fertilizing control module, and after the fault signal is analyzed and processed by the monitoring alarm module, the fault occurrence point is accurately prompted to a driver through a display screen;
in the fertilizing operation process of the seeder, the fertilizing monitoring element monitors the fertilizing pipe in real time, after a fault is detected, a fault signal is transmitted to the PLC controller 1, the PLC controller 1 interrupts the running programs of the seed discharging control module and the fertilizing control module, and after the fault signal is analyzed and processed by the monitoring alarm module, the fault occurrence point is accurately prompted to a driver through a display screen.
When the steps are carried out, the photoelectric switch 14 monitors whether the seeder is in the advancing state in real time, when the seeder stops advancing, the photoelectric switch 14 transmits a blocking signal to the PLC controller 1, and the PLC controller 1 interrupts the operation program.
Example 3 method for accurately controlling single planting row spacing of seeder
The present embodiment mainly describes the control methods of the first program and the second program in the automatic control program of the seed metering control module, and the control methods related to the fertilization control module and the monitoring alarm module are the same as those in embodiment 2, and therefore, the detailed description thereof is omitted. The following is described in connection with specific planting distances:
starting a first program of an automatic control program in the seed metering control module, and setting the seeding row spacing to be 250mm and the seeding frequency to be 0 in the first program; at the moment, the seeding plant spacing and the seeding times in the second program are not set; then the first program calculates the internal data to obtain the number of turns of the first stepping motor 3; and finally, converting the result into a pulse signal and transmitting the pulse signal to the first stepping motor driver 3 to control the first stepping motor 3 to drive the seed metering device 4 to perform seed metering operation.
Example 4 method for accurately controlling different planting distances of seeder
The present embodiment mainly describes the control methods of the first program and the second program in the automatic control program of the seed metering control module, and the control methods related to the fertilization control module and the monitoring alarm module are basically the same as those in embodiment 2, and therefore, the detailed description thereof is omitted. The following is described in connection with specific planting distances:
starting a first program and a second program of an automatic control program in a seed metering control module, setting the seed spacing of the seeds to be 250mm and the seeding frequency to be 3 in the first program; in the second procedure, the sowing row pitch was set to 600, and the number of times was set to 2.
Firstly, a first program is operated, after internal data calculation is carried out, the number of turns of rotation required by a first stepping motor 3 is obtained, then the result is converted into a pulse signal and is transmitted to a first stepping motor driver 3, and the first stepping motor 3 is controlled to drive a seed metering device 4 to carry out seed metering operation;
then a second program is operated, after internal data calculation is carried out, the number of turns of rotation required by the first stepping motor 3 is obtained, then the result is converted into a pulse signal and is transmitted to the first stepping motor driver 3, and the first stepping motor 3 is controlled to drive the seed sowing device 4 to carry out seed sowing operation;
the first program and the second program are sequentially and alternately operated, and the row spacing arrangement generated by actual sowing is as follows: 250-250-250-600-600-250-250-250-600-600.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described above, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a seeder intelligence control system which characterized in that: the device comprises a control unit, an execution unit and a monitoring unit;
the control unit comprises a PLC controller provided with a seed sowing control module, a fertilization control module and a monitoring alarm module; the automatic control program in the seed discharging control module comprises a first program and a second program which are sequentially and alternately operated, and the first program and the second program can independently realize the control of one seed planting distance; the fertilization control module is internally provided with an automatic control program for controlling the fertilization amount per mu and a manual operation program for controlling the fertilization line number;
the execution unit comprises a first driving mechanism and a second driving mechanism which are respectively connected with the output port of the PLC; the first driving mechanism is in power connection with a seed sowing device of the seeder, and the second driving mechanism is in power connection with a fertilizer applicator of the seeder;
the monitoring unit comprises an encoder, a seed metering monitoring element and a fertilizing monitoring element which are respectively connected with the input port of the PLC; wherein, the encoder is fixedly arranged at the end part of the ground wheel of the seeder and rotates coaxially with the ground wheel of the seeder; the seed metering monitoring element is arranged on a seed guide pipe of the seeder, and the fertilizing monitoring element is arranged on a fertilizing pipe of the seeder.
2. The intelligent control system of seeding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the photoelectric switch is connected with the input port of the PLC controller and is arranged on the support arm of the driving wheel of the seeder;
and the seeder also comprises a voltage inverter electrically connected with the seeder power supply.
3. The intelligent control system of seeding machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: the second driving mechanism comprises a base fertilizer driving mechanism and a mouth fertilizer driving mechanism; the fertilization monitoring element comprises a base fertilizer monitoring probe arranged on the base fertilizer applicator and a mouth fertilizer monitoring probe arranged on the mouth fertilizer applicator.
4. The intelligent control system of a seeding machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: the first driving mechanism and the second driving mechanism respectively comprise a stepping motor driver and a stepping motor which are electrically connected.
5. A method for accurately controlling the fertilization and seed sowing of a seeder is characterized in that: use of the intelligent control system of a seeding machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the following steps performed in sequence:
s1, inputting the basic parameters and the variable parameters into the PLC; wherein the variable parameters are the seeding plant spacing and the fertilizing amount per mu;
s2, the encoder measures the rotation speed of the land wheel of the seeder in real time and transmits the acquired data to the PLC;
s3, setting the seeding line number of the seeder through a manual operation program of a seeding control module in the PLC controller; then, an automatic control program of a seed metering control module in the PLC calculates internal data, converts a calculation result into a pulse signal and transmits the pulse signal to a first driving mechanism, and the first driving mechanism drives a seed metering device to perform seed metering operation;
s4, setting the fertilizing line number of the seeder through a manual operation program of a fertilizing control module in the PLC; then, an automatic control program of a fertilization control module in the PLC calculates internal data, converts a calculation result into a pulse signal and transmits the pulse signal to a second driving mechanism, and drives the fertilizer applicator to perform fertilization operation through the second driving mechanism;
s5, when the seed metering device performs seed metering operation, the seed metering monitoring element monitors the fault of the seed guide tube, and after the fault is detected, a fault signal is transmitted to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller interrupts the operation program and gives an alarm;
during the fertilization operation of the fertilizer applicator, the fertilization monitoring element monitors the fault of the fertilization pipe, and after the fault is detected, a fault signal is transmitted to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller interrupts the operation program and gives an alarm.
6. A method for precisely controlling the fertilizing and seeding of a seeding machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: when the steps are carried out, the photoelectric switch monitors whether the seeder is in the advancing state in real time, and when the situation that the seeder does not advance is detected, the blocking signal is transmitted to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller interrupts the running program.
7. Method for the precision control of the fertilizing and seeding of a seeding machine according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: step S3 includes the following steps performed in order:
a1, starting a first program and a second program of an automatic control program in the seed metering control module;
a2, a first program calculates internal data, converts the calculation result into a pulse signal and transmits the pulse signal to a first driving mechanism, and the first driving mechanism drives a seed metering device to perform seed metering operation;
a3, then, the second program calculates the internal data, converts the calculation result into a pulse signal and transmits the pulse signal to the first driving mechanism, the first driving mechanism drives the seed metering device to seed, and the first program and the second program alternately run in sequence.
8. Method for the precision control of the fertilizing and seeding of a seeding machine according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: step S3 includes the following steps performed in order:
b1, starting a first program of an automatic control program in the seed metering control module;
b2, the first program calculates the internal data, converts the calculation result into a pulse signal and transmits the pulse signal to the first driving mechanism, and the first driving mechanism drives the seed metering device to seed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011172772.5A CN112213988B (en) | 2020-10-28 | 2020-10-28 | Intelligent control system of seeder and control method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011172772.5A CN112213988B (en) | 2020-10-28 | 2020-10-28 | Intelligent control system of seeder and control method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112213988A CN112213988A (en) | 2021-01-12 |
| CN112213988B true CN112213988B (en) | 2022-03-08 |
Family
ID=74057292
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011172772.5A Active CN112213988B (en) | 2020-10-28 | 2020-10-28 | Intelligent control system of seeder and control method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112213988B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114467426A (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2022-05-13 | 常州机电职业技术学院 | Intelligent sowing system capable of improving sowing speed |
| CN114982434A (en) * | 2022-06-11 | 2022-09-02 | 黑龙江德沃科技开发有限公司 | Pre-seed-filling mechanism and pre-seed-filling method of intelligent high-speed precision seeder |
| CN115250687B (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2023-07-21 | 济宁市农业科学研究院 | Soybean seeding and fertilizing integrated machine and method for realizing staggered seeding by utilizing same |
| CN116097960B (en) * | 2022-12-30 | 2024-03-22 | 中电科卫星导航运营服务有限公司 | Seed metering control method of seeder |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5158335B2 (en) * | 2007-10-12 | 2013-03-06 | オムロン株式会社 | PLC slave |
| CN102318464B (en) * | 2011-08-02 | 2013-04-17 | 湖南省烟草公司郴州市公司 | Full-automatic multifunctional tobacco precision seeding machine |
| CN102771226B (en) * | 2012-08-23 | 2014-10-22 | 黑龙江省海轮王农机制造有限公司 | Sowing machine based on automatic control system |
| CN105005244A (en) * | 2015-07-15 | 2015-10-28 | 江苏项瑛农机有限公司 | Electromechanical intelligent fertilizing and sowing controller |
| CN209057497U (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-07-05 | 河北省农业机械化研究所有限公司 | A kind of wheat intelligence combined seed and fertilizer drill |
-
2020
- 2020-10-28 CN CN202011172772.5A patent/CN112213988B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN112213988A (en) | 2021-01-12 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN112213988B (en) | Intelligent control system of seeder and control method thereof | |
| CN212393213U (en) | Electric control high-speed precision seed sowing device for seeder | |
| CN111630983A (en) | Electric control high-speed precision seed sowing device for seeder | |
| CN103004334B (en) | Full automatic plot precision sowing machine and its controlling method | |
| CN105815006B (en) | Centrifugal small particle seed precision planter and its sowing amount control method | |
| CN104704953A (en) | Reseeding type potato seeding machine | |
| CN102948284B (en) | Electrically controlled plant spacing rotation knob adjusting type corn accurate-sowing fertilization machine | |
| CN105302013A (en) | Adaptive seeding control method of multi-crop drill seeder | |
| CN106489382A (en) | A kind of cell, land for growing field crops automation Universal seeder and its control method | |
| CN111373908A (en) | Control system and method for realizing precision seeding and fertilizing by using Beidou navigation satellite system | |
| CN108738436A (en) | The modular multi-function agricultural robot of weeding between strain is sowed in a kind of canopy room rotary tillage | |
| CN202663772U (en) | Seeder capable of realizing intelligent precision dibbling | |
| CN212116163U (en) | Control system for realizing precise seeding and fertilizing by using Beidou navigation | |
| CN116671323B (en) | Intelligent fertilizing device and control method thereof | |
| CN109451937B (en) | Proportion-adjustable fertilizing system and farming equipment | |
| CN206517789U (en) | A kind of cell, crop field automation Universal seeder | |
| CN206866002U (en) | A kind of soybean planting machine sowing quantity regulating device based on PLC controls | |
| CN114467426A (en) | Intelligent sowing system capable of improving sowing speed | |
| CN110771320A (en) | Seed metering performance monitoring system of pseudo-ginseng precision seeder | |
| CN114721300B (en) | Seed fertilizer synchronous driving system and control method | |
| CN212851751U (en) | Zero-speed seed feeding structure and seed sowing device | |
| CN211019968U (en) | Electric drive control system for precision centralized seed sowing device | |
| CN209861577U (en) | Fertilizer applicator for realizing variable rate fertilization | |
| CN211671291U (en) | Electric seeding device | |
| CN111656922B (en) | Self-adaptive zero-speed seed feeding device, seed feeding control method and seed sowing device |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |