CN212851751U - Zero-speed seed feeding structure and seed sowing device - Google Patents
Zero-speed seed feeding structure and seed sowing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN212851751U CN212851751U CN202021247386.3U CN202021247386U CN212851751U CN 212851751 U CN212851751 U CN 212851751U CN 202021247386 U CN202021247386 U CN 202021247386U CN 212851751 U CN212851751 U CN 212851751U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a zero-speed seed feeding structure and seed metering ware, relate to the seeder field, including the drain pan, actuating mechanism and seed feeding plate, be equipped with the seed metering dish in the drain pan, seed feeding plate installs in the exit of drain pan, actuating mechanism drives seed feeding plate regulation and the contained angle of drain pan export, a seed feeding angle for changing seed metering dish from drain pan export output seed, through installing pivoted seed feeding plate on the seed metering ware drain pan, seed feeding plate rotates the angle of regulation in drain pan exit, when the seed is exported, revise seed velocity vector and the gesture that breaks away from the seed metering dish under seed feeding plate effect, and with seeder forward speed, seed metering dish operation rotational speed phase-match, solved under the different operating conditions, the seed enters the seed guide pipe at random, cause the big problem of the grain spacing coefficient of variation.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a seeder field, in particular to zero-speed seed feeding structure and seed metering device.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
Along with the popularization of large-scale planting operation, the high-speed precise seed sowing device is widely applied to the planting of main grain crops such as corn, soybean and the like. After the seeds discharged by the seed sowing device are separated from the holes, the seeds are generally delivered to the seed guiding pipe at the initial speed of the self-cutting speed under the action of gravity and then fall into the grooves formed by the furrow opener along the pipeline. In the delivery process, the horizontal velocity component of the seeds in the falling process is not matched with the forward velocity component of the machine, the randomness of the incident angle is large, the seeds frequently collide with the pipe wall in the whole falling process, the variation coefficient of the seeding depth and the seed spacing is large, and the control of the seedling emergence time and the plant spacing is influenced.
The inventor finds that for high-precision seeding, a manual seed throwing mode is mostly adopted at present, and randomness of seed entering a seed guide pipe direction caused by seed falling depending on gravity in the prior art is avoided, but compared with a mechanical operation mode, the seed throwing mode is low in efficiency and difficult to meet the requirement of large-area crop planting; in addition, to the motion process of control seed grain, realize the demand that the zero speed was thrown kind, can also realize through the improvement to seed guide curve shape, but, because same seed guide can only adapt to the process of throwing kind under certain advancing speed, in the actual seeding in-process, the speed of advancing changes, consequently, it is higher to advancing the requirement of system to control seed guide curve shape, is difficult to satisfy the seeding speed of advancing and has the operating mode of great fluctuation to it is difficult to obtain higher seeding quality.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims at the defects of the prior art, and provides a zero-speed seed feeding structure and a seed sowing device, wherein a rotary seed feeding plate is arranged on the bottom shell of the seed sowing device, so that the seed feeding plate can rotate at the outlet of the bottom shell to adjust the angle, when seeds are output, the speed vector and the posture of the seeds separated from a seed sowing plate are corrected under the action of the seed feeding plate and are matched with the advancing speed of a seeder and the operation rotating speed of the seed sowing plate, and the problem of large variation coefficient of the seed distance caused by the random seed entering a seed guide pipe under different operation conditions is solved.
The first purpose of this disclosure is to provide a kind of structure is thrown to zero-speed, adopts following technical scheme:
the seed sowing device comprises a bottom shell and a seed sowing disk rotatably arranged in the bottom shell, wherein an inlet and an outlet are arranged on the bottom shell at intervals, the inlet is communicated with the inside of the bottom shell and faces the seed sowing disk, the outlet is communicated with the inside of the bottom shell and faces the seed sowing disk, and the seed sowing disk is used for receiving seeds input by the inlet and discharging the seeds from the outlet; the outlet is matched with a seed throwing plate, and the seed throwing plate is adjusted to form an included angle with the bottom shell through rotation.
Furthermore, a cylindrical cavity is arranged in the bottom shell, the seed metering disc is coaxially matched with the cavity, and the relative position of the side circumferential surface and the outlet is adjusted through rotation of the seed metering disc.
Furthermore, a plurality of seed throwing stations are uniformly arranged on the seed discharging plate along the circumferential direction, and the seeds are sequentially received from the inlet and are discharged from the outlet in a matching way through the seed throwing plate.
Further, throw kind station department and be equipped with the recess for hold the seed of receipt, the recess cooperation cavity inner wall forms throws kind station.
Further, install actuating mechanism on the drain pan, actuating mechanism with throw kind of board cooperation, the drive is thrown kind of board and is rotated.
Furthermore, the driving mechanism is located outside the bottom shell, and an output end of the driving mechanism penetrates through the wall of the bottom shell to be connected with the seed feeding plate.
Furthermore, one side of the seed feeding plate is matched with the bottom shell, the other side of the seed feeding plate is an arc-shaped plate, a seed feeding channel is formed at the outlet of the arc-shaped plate and the outlet of the bottom shell, and the seed discharging plate outputs seeds through the seed feeding channel.
Furthermore, one side of the arc-shaped plate, which faces the seed feeding channel, is of a plane and arc surface butt joint structure, and the arc surface is used for correcting the falling posture of the seeds in the seed feeding channel.
Further, the inlet and the outlet of the bottom shell are respectively arranged at two ends of the diameter of the bottom shell.
It is a second object of the present disclosure to provide a seed meter including a zero-speed seed metering structure as described above.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages and positive effects that:
(1) the seed feeding plate matching angle is calculated through the advancing speed of the seed sowing device, the rotating speed of the seed sowing disc and related reference values, the seed feeding plate angle is adjusted in real time, the seed feeding plate is ensured to be in the optimal angle range, and the problem that the sowing quality is reduced due to improper angle is avoided;
(2) the angle of the seed throwing plate is calculated in real time according to the real-time advancing speed and the rotating speed of the seed discharging disc, and the angle of the seed throwing plate is automatically adjusted in real time through a driving mechanism, so that the seed throwing plate is always in the optimal zero-speed seed throwing posture, and the operation quality of the seeder is ensured;
(3) the seed speed vector and the posture which are separated from the seed discharging plate are corrected and are matched with the advancing speed of the seeder and the operating rotating speed of the seed discharging plate, so that the problem of large variation coefficient of grain distance caused by the fact that seeds randomly enter the seed guide pipe under different operating conditions is solved, and the working quality of the seeder is greatly improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure and are not to limit the disclosure.
Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a seed feeding structure in embodiments 1 and 2 of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a seed feeding plate in embodiments 1 and 2 of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the connection of various elements in example 2 of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of seed injection control in embodiment 2 of the present disclosure.
In the figure: 1. the device comprises a controller, 2, a driver, 3, a driving motor, 4, an angle sensor, 5, a speed reducer, 6, a seed throwing plate, 7, a transmission shaft, 8, a seed sowing plate, 9 and a bottom shell.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and/or "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof;
for convenience of description, the words "up", "down", "left" and "right" in this disclosure, if any, merely indicate that the directions of movement are consistent with those of the figures themselves, and are not limiting in structure, but merely facilitate the description of the invention and simplify the description, rather than indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure.
As introduced in the background art, in the delivery process in the prior art, the horizontal velocity component of the seeds in the falling process is not matched with the forward velocity component of the machine, the randomness of the incident angle is large, so that the seeds frequently collide with the pipe wall in the whole falling process, the variation coefficient of the sowing depth and the seed spacing is large, and the control of the seedling emergence time and the plant spacing is influenced; in order to solve the problems, the disclosure provides a zero-speed seed feeding structure and a seed sowing device.
Example 1
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 1-2, a zero-velocity seeding structure is proposed.
The device mainly comprises a control system, an execution mechanism and a data acquisition system, wherein the control mechanism comprises a controller 1 and a motor driver 2, the execution mechanism comprises a seed throwing plate 6, a transmission shaft 7, a driving motor 3 and a speed reducer 5, and the data acquisition system comprises a data acquisition module which is divided into a speed sensor and an angle sensor 4;
in this embodiment, the controller is mounted within a cockpit of the travel system of the planter that drives the overall device to travel, in a position proximate to the operator's operating position;
the seed feeding plate is connected with one end of a seed feeding plate transmission shaft and then is arranged on a bottom shell 9 of the seed sowing device; the speed reducer is fixedly arranged on the bottom shell of the seed sowing device through 4 bolts; the speed reducer is a reduction gear box;
the driving motor is fixedly arranged on the reduction gear box through a bolt; one end of the seed throwing transmission shaft is connected with the seed throwing plate through a bolt, and the other end of the seed throwing transmission shaft is connected with a power output shaft of the reduction gear box;
the angle sensor is arranged on the speed reducer, and the speed reducer is driven by a gear, so that the rotation speed of the angle sensor and the power output shaft of the speed reducer is driven in a one-to-one manner, and the angle change of the seed throwing plate is indirectly acquired; the speed sensor is arranged on a walking system of the seeder and used for measuring the advancing speed of the whole device.
When the seeding machine runs, the controller calculates the seed throwing plate matching angle through the forward speed of the machine, the rotating speed of the seed discharging disc 8 and the related reference value, adjusts the angle of the seed throwing plate in real time, ensures that the seed throwing plate is in the optimal angle range, and avoids the reduction of seeding quality caused by improper angle.
Furthermore, the data acquisition module acquires the advancing speed of the bottom shell and the included angle between the seed feeding plate and the bottom shell outlet, the driving mechanism and the data acquisition module are respectively connected with the controller, and the controller controls the driving mechanism to act according to the data acquired by the data acquisition module;
the rotation speed of the seed discharging plate is calculated by combining the advancing speed of the bottom shell with the planting distance required by the seeding operation and the number of circumferential holes of the seed discharging plate.
Of course, as for the driving motor, in this embodiment, a servo motor may be selected, the servo motor cooperates with the speed reducer and the transmission shaft to form a driving mechanism, and the power of the servo motor is transmitted to the seed throwing disc through the speed reducer and the transmission shaft.
It should be pointed out that, for the seed metering ware drain pan, choose present seed metering ware drain pan for use, seed metering ware inside is equipped with corresponding seed metering dish, and seed metering dish receives the seed and exports the seed dispersion in its circumference type hole.
Specifically, the seed feeding plate is rotationally connected with the bottom shell through a transmission shaft, and the driving mechanism is fixed on the bottom shell and is in matched transmission with the seed feeding plate;
one side of the seed feeding plate is matched with the bottom shell, the other side of the seed feeding plate is an arc-shaped plate, a seed feeding channel is formed at the outlet of the arc-shaped plate and the bottom shell, and seeds are output by the seed discharging plate through the seed feeding channel;
one side of the arc-shaped plate facing the seed throwing channel is of a plane and arc surface butt joint structure, and the arc surface is used for correcting the falling posture of the seeds in the seed throwing channel.
In this embodiment, the seed feeding plate is an integrated metal plate bending structure, and forms a structure with a connecting hole on one side and an arc-shaped plate on the other side;
the installation flat plate with the connecting holes is provided with 2 circular holes, and the upper holes are the rotating centers of the seed throwing plates in the working process and are matched with the transmission shaft to rotate;
the lower hole is matched with the arc-shaped elongated slot of the bottom shell of the seed sowing device and used for restricting the rotation angle of the seed sowing plate when the seed sowing plate rotates, and the limiting function in the adjustment range is achieved.
The outer side surface of the arc plate is in a structure that a plane is transited to an arc surface, and the directional falling and falling posture correction of the seeds are realized by means of an outer side curved surface.
For the angle sensor, the rotation angle of the seed throwing plate is obtained in real time and fed back to the controller, the controller automatically adjusts the seed throwing angle in real time according to the angle fed back by the angle sensor and the optimal seed throwing angle calculated in real time, so that the seed throwing plate is in the optimal zero-speed seed throwing posture, and the operation quality of the seeder is guaranteed.
Example 2
In another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 1-4, an adaptive zero-velocity seeding control method is provided.
The adaptive zero-speed seed casting method in the embodiment 1 comprises the following steps:
collecting the operating speed of the machine tool by using a forward speed sensor for detection, and feeding back data to a controller;
according to the advancing speed, the controller calculates the optimal operation angle of the seed throwing plate;
the real-time angle of the seed throwing plate is collected by using an angle sensor, and data are fed back to a controller to form closed-loop control until the seed throwing plate is adjusted to the optimal operation angle.
Specifically, the step of calculating the optimum operation angle of the seed throwing plate specifically comprises the following steps:
advancing operation v of seeder1The forward speed sensor measuring the current speed v1；
According to the current speed v1The preset planting distance requirement is L, the number of the holes of the seed metering disc is N, and the rotating speed of the seed metering disc is obtained through calculation
The diameter of a preset seed discharging disc is d, and the initial speed v of seeds separated from the seed discharging disc is pi nd/30;
the controller calculates the optimal seed throwing angle according to the parameters
After the optimal seed throwing angle is obtained, the controller sends an instruction to the motor driver according to the optimal seed throwing angle calculated by the controller, the motor driver controls the motor to rotate to drive the seed fixing plate to rotate, and the seed throwing plate reaches a preset angle under the feedback of the angle sensor.
Compared with the prior art, the self-adaptive zero-speed seed feeding method provided by the embodiment corrects the speed vector and the posture of the seeds separated from the seed discharging plate, and is matched with the advancing speed of the seeder and the operating rotating speed of the seed discharging plate, so that the problem of large variation coefficient of grain distance caused by the random entry of the seeds into the seed guide pipe under different operating conditions is solved, and the working quality of the seeder is greatly improved.
Example 3
In a third embodiment of the present disclosure, a seed meter is provided.
The seeder is provided with the zero-speed seed feeding structure as in embodiment 1.
Installing a speed sensor on a traction device of the seeder, installing a bottom shell of the seed sowing plate on the seeder, and correspondingly installing other elements on the bottom shell; the controller is arranged in a cockpit of the traction equipment, so that the whole seed throwing process can be controlled by the workers conveniently.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the present disclosure, and various modifications and changes may be made to the present disclosure by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. A zero-speed seed feeding structure is characterized by comprising a bottom shell and a seed discharging disc rotatably arranged in the bottom shell, wherein an inlet and an outlet are arranged on the bottom shell at intervals, the inlet is communicated with the inside of the bottom shell and faces the seed discharging disc, the outlet is communicated with the inside of the bottom shell and faces the seed discharging disc, and the seed discharging disc is used for receiving seeds input by the inlet and discharging the seeds from the outlet; the outlet is matched with a seed throwing plate, and the seed throwing plate is adjusted to form an included angle with the bottom shell through rotation.
2. The zero-speed seed feeding structure of claim 1, wherein a cylindrical cavity is arranged in the bottom shell, the seed discharging plate is coaxially matched with the cavity, and the relative position of the side circumferential surface and the outlet is adjusted by rotating the seed discharging plate.
3. The zero-speed seed feeding structure of claim 2, wherein the seed discharging plate is provided with a plurality of seed feeding stations uniformly along the circumferential direction, and the seed feeding stations sequentially receive seeds from the inlet and discharge the seeds from the outlet in cooperation with the seed feeding plate.
4. The zero-speed seed feeding structure of claim 3, wherein a groove is formed at the seed feeding station for accommodating the received seeds, and the groove is matched with the inner wall of the cavity to form the seed feeding station.
5. The zero-speed seed feeding structure of claim 1, wherein a driving mechanism is mounted on the bottom shell, and the driving mechanism is matched with the seed feeding plate to drive the seed feeding plate to rotate.
6. The zero-speed seed throwing structure of claim 5, wherein the driving mechanism is located outside the bottom shell, and the output end of the driving mechanism penetrates through the wall of the bottom shell to be connected with the seed throwing plate.
7. The zero-speed seed feeding structure of claim 1, wherein one side of the seed feeding plate is matched with the bottom shell, the other side of the seed feeding plate is an arc-shaped plate, a seed feeding channel is formed at an outlet of the arc-shaped plate and the bottom shell, and the seed discharging plate outputs seeds through the seed feeding channel.
8. The zero-speed seed feeding structure of claim 7, wherein the side of the arc-shaped plate facing the seed feeding channel is a butt joint structure of a plane and a circular arc surface, and the circular arc surface is used for correcting the falling posture of the seeds in the seed feeding channel.
9. The zero-speed seeding structure according to claim 1, wherein the inlet and the outlet of the bottom shell are respectively arranged at two ends of the diameter of the bottom shell.
10. A seed metering device comprising a zero-speed seed feeding structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202021247386.3U CN212851751U (en) | 2020-06-30 | 2020-06-30 | Zero-speed seed feeding structure and seed sowing device |
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| CN202021247386.3U CN212851751U (en) | 2020-06-30 | 2020-06-30 | Zero-speed seed feeding structure and seed sowing device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114467414A (en) * | 2022-01-06 | 2022-05-13 | 中国农业机械化科学研究院集团有限公司 | Electric-drive zero-speed seed throwing device, control system and control method |
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2020
- 2020-06-30 CN CN202021247386.3U patent/CN212851751U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114467414A (en) * | 2022-01-06 | 2022-05-13 | 中国农业机械化科学研究院集团有限公司 | Electric-drive zero-speed seed throwing device, control system and control method |
| CN114467414B (en) * | 2022-01-06 | 2023-08-18 | 中国农业机械化科学研究院集团有限公司 | Electric-drive zero-speed seed feeding device, control system and control method |
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