CN112211556A - Static directional rotary guide device based on hydraulic principle - Google Patents
Static directional rotary guide device based on hydraulic principle Download PDFInfo
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- CN112211556A CN112211556A CN201910618510.8A CN201910618510A CN112211556A CN 112211556 A CN112211556 A CN 112211556A CN 201910618510 A CN201910618510 A CN 201910618510A CN 112211556 A CN112211556 A CN 112211556A
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- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 135
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a static pointing rotary guide device and a method based on a hydraulic principle, and the device comprises a deflection control mechanism and a quasi-static sleeve, wherein the deflection control mechanism comprises at least 3 groups of pushing mechanisms which are arranged on the wall of a biased sleeve at intervals along the circumferential direction, and the pushing mechanisms arranged on the wall of the biased sleeve can transmit thrust to the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve under the hydraulic action; the offset cylinder is connected with the central shaft through the follow-up righting bearing so as to transmit thrust along the radial direction of the central shaft to the central shaft through the follow-up righting bearing; the quasi-static sleeve generates a resultant force of a reaction force to the offset cylinder through each pushing mechanism, and the resultant force drives the central shaft assembly to generate flexible deformation through the follow-up centering bearing, so that the lower end of the central shaft drives the drill bit to rotate relative to the quasi-static sleeve by taking the steerable connecting structure as a center. The invention forces the central shaft to generate flexible deformation by using a hydraulic mode, and achieves the purpose of changing the track of a well hole by changing the pointing direction of the drill bit, so that the dependence of the rotary steering drilling tool on the stratum intensity is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of drilling, in particular to a static pointing rotary guide device based on a hydraulic principle.
Background
At present, for well drilling, the direction of the well drilling is difficult to guide conveniently and accurately during well drilling, and a common well drilling guide device with an eccentric structure such as a mechanical eccentric ring has low guide precision and a complex structure, and is difficult to guide in the process of drilling out of a well.
Accordingly, the present invention has been made keeping in mind the above problems occurring in the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a static directional rotary guide apparatus based on a hydraulic principle.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a static pointing rotary guide device based on a hydraulic principle is characterized by comprising a quasi-static sleeve and a deflection control mechanism, wherein a central shaft penetrates through the quasi-static sleeve, and the quasi-static sleeve is rotatably connected with the corresponding position of the central shaft through at least one pair of bearing structures;
a movable gap is preset between the quasi-static sleeve and the central shaft, the deflection control mechanism is connected with the quasi-static sleeve, the deflection control mechanism and the quasi-static sleeve keep synchronous rotation, the deflection control mechanism comprises at least 3 groups of pushing mechanisms, the at least 3 groups of pushing mechanisms are circumferentially arranged on a biasing cylinder at intervals, the biasing cylinder is arranged between the central shaft and the quasi-static sleeve, and the movable gap is reserved between the biasing cylinder and the quasi-static sleeve;
the pushing mechanism can move towards or away from the axis of the central shaft assembly, the pushing mechanism is connected with the quasi-static sleeve in an abutting mode, and the pushing mechanism arranged in the wall of the offset barrel is used for transmitting thrust to the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve under the hydraulic action;
the offset cylinder is connected with the central shaft through the follow-up righting bearing and used for transmitting thrust in the radial direction of the central shaft to the central shaft through the follow-up righting bearing;
the quasi-static sleeve is limited in rotation by the friction force of the anti-rotation device and the well wall in the guiding process, so that the quasi-static sleeve and the well wall are kept relatively static.
Further, preferably, the lower end of the quasi-static sleeve is rotatably connected with the corresponding position of the central shaft through a steerable connecting structure, so that a drill bit rotates relative to the quasi-static sleeve by taking the steerable connecting structure as a center, the drill bit is arranged below the central shaft, and the steerable connecting structure is 0-1.5 meters away from the drill bit; the upper end of the quasi-static sleeve is connected with the central shaft through at least one centering bearing and is used for enabling a drill bit to rotate relative to the quasi-static sleeve by taking a steerable connecting structure as a center, the offset cylinder is arranged above the steerable connecting structure, the centering bearing is arranged above the offset cylinder, and the steerable connecting structure is 0-1.5 meters away from the drill bit;
further, preferably, the offset cylinder is connected with the quasi-static sleeve through a first anti-rotation mechanism, and the first anti-rotation mechanism is arranged between the offset cylinder and the quasi-static sleeve and used for limiting relative rotation between the quasi-static sleeve and the offset cylinder by taking the well shaft as a rotating shaft;
the first anti-rotation mechanism at least comprises any one or combination of a hard tube 42, a corrugated tube, a slit tube, a perforated tube, a metal plate and a metal rod, wherein any one or combination of the hard tube 42, the corrugated tube, the slit tube, the perforated tube and the metal rod is respectively connected with the quasi-static sleeve and the offset cylinder and is used for further transmitting the torque transmitted to the offset cylinder by the follow-up righting bearing to the quasi-static sleeve, and the follow-up righting bearing can move along the radial direction of the offset cylinder along with the offset cylinder;
the first anti-rotation mechanism is a hard pipe, two ends of the hard pipe are respectively connected with the offset cylinder and the quasi-static sleeve through universal joints, the central shaft drives the drill bit to rotate relative to the offset cylinder in the process of rotating, torque is generated on the follow-up centralizing bearing, and the torque is transmitted to the quasi-static sleeve through the hard pipe and the universal joints of the hard pipe;
preferably, the number of the pushing mechanisms is 3-6, at least one pushing mechanism in each group corresponds to one set of hydraulic system for providing hydraulic pressure for each group of pushing mechanisms, each pushing mechanism at least comprises a cylinder barrel structure arranged on the side wall of the offset cylinder and a driving piston arranged in the cylinder barrel structure, and the driving piston can move towards or away from the axis of the central shaft and can abut against the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve.
Further, preferably, the first rotation prevention mechanism comprises at least one hard tube connected with the offset cylinder, and one end or two ends of the hard tube are provided with hinge structures; the rigid pipe is connected with the quasi-static sleeve through a hinge structure and used for limiting the bias cylinder to axially move relative to the quasi-static sleeve through the rigid pipe; the hard pipe at least comprises two torque locking structures, the first torque locking structure is used for limiting relative rotation between the hard pipe and the quasi-static sleeve by taking a well shaft as a rotating shaft, the second torque locking structure is used for limiting relative rotation between the hard pipe and the offset cylinder by taking the well shaft as the rotating shaft, and the torque locking structures comprise but are not limited to a ball locking structure, a bolt structure and a thread structure.
Further, preferably, the hydraulic system is arranged in the wall of the quasi-static sleeve, the hydraulic system is connected with the pushing mechanism arranged in the wall of the offset sleeve through a hydraulic pipeline, and the hydraulic pipeline is a flexible pipe or a hose and is used for transmitting the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic system to the pushing mechanism. The hydraulic system is arranged below the offset cylinder and connected with the pushing mechanism in the offset cylinder through a flexible pipe, or the hydraulic system is arranged above the offset cylinder and connected with the pushing mechanism in the offset cylinder through a flexible pipe.
Further, preferably, the hydraulic system at least comprises a motor, a pump and a throttle valve, the motor drives the pump to generate hydraulic power liquid, the hydraulic power liquid is pumped out from an outlet of the pump and flows back to an inlet of the pump through the throttle valve, a pipeline between the pump outlet and the throttle valve is a power liquid pipeline, the power liquid pipeline is communicated with a cylinder barrel structure in a bias barrel (51) and is used for transmitting hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic system to the bottom surface of a driving piston (52), the resultant force of hydraulic pressure formed by all the driving pistons is in the range of 0-5 tons, the piston arranged in the barrel wall of the bias barrel extends out under the hydraulic action and is abutted against the inner wall of a quasi-static sleeve, the resultant force formed by all the driving pistons drives the central shaft to generate flexible deformation, so that the central shaft below a force bearing point rotates by taking the steerable connecting structure as the center, and the drill bit is deflected relative to the static sleeve, and the aim of changing the track of the borehole is fulfilled along with the deepening of the borehole.
Further, as preferred, be equipped with on the outer periphery of quasi-static sleeve and contact with the wall of a well and have the second of preventing changeing the mechanism of preventing changeing the function, the second prevents changeing the mechanism and includes at least preventing changeing the piston assembly, prevent changeing piston assembly inside and be provided with the piston and can promote prevent changeing pushing away the piece with wall of a well looks butt, or prevent changeing the piston self that the piston assembly inside set up promptly prevent changeing pushing away the piece, the second prevent changeing the mechanism pass through hydraulic line with hydraulic system connects.
Further, preferably, the steerable connecting structure is a focusing bearing, the quasi-static sleeve is connected with the central shaft through the focusing bearing, a first centering bearing and a second centering bearing, the focusing bearing is arranged below the follow-up centering bearing, and the first centering bearing and the second centering bearing are arranged above the follow-up centering bearing;
the focusing bearing has a centralizing function, a thrust function and a hinging function, and an outer friction pair and an inner friction pair of the focusing bearing can relatively rotate by taking a central shaft as an axis and also can enable a drill bit below the central shaft to rotate by taking the focusing bearing as a center;
the energy transmission between the quasi-static sleeve and the central shaft is completed by an energy transmission piece, the energy transmission piece at least comprises an energy output end and an energy receiving end and is used for transmitting electric power, and the electric power is transmitted in a slip ring contact power transmission mode or a non-contact wireless energy transmission mode.
Further, preferably, the energy output end is electrically connected with an energy supply circuit through an electric wire, the energy output end is electrically connected with a pressure-bearing electric wire, the energy supply circuit is electrically connected with a second electric wire, the second electric wire is electrically connected with the pressure-bearing electric wire through a pressure-bearing contact pin, the pressure-bearing contact pin at least comprises a male contact pin and a female contact pin, the male contact pin is electrically connected with the second electric wire, and the female contact pin is electrically connected with the pressure-bearing electric wire.
Further, preferably, the energy transmission part is a wireless energy transmission part, and the energy output end transmits energy to the energy receiving end in an electromagnetic coupling mode; the energy supply circuit is an inverter circuit and is used for providing alternating current for the energy output end.
Further, as a preferred option, the second anti-rotation mechanism, the offset cylinder, the hydraulic system, the electronic circuit accommodating bin and the bearing structure are respectively arranged in the static directional rotary guiding device based on the hydraulic principle from bottom to top; the energy transmission piece is arranged between the electronic circuit accommodating bin and the first righting bearing, or the energy transmission piece is arranged between the first righting bearing and the second righting bearing.
Further, preferably, the biasing cylinder and the quasi-static sleeve are connected with each other through a hinge structure, and the hinge structure is any hinge structure capable of transmitting torque including a universal joint.
Further, preferably, a second anti-rotation mechanism which can contact with the well wall and has an anti-rotation function is further arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the offset cylinder, the second anti-rotation mechanism comprises an anti-rotation piston assembly and an anti-rotation pushing part, a piston is arranged in the anti-rotation piston assembly and can push the anti-rotation pushing part to abut against the well wall,
the window is opened to the quasi-static sleeve outside, prevent changeing push away the piece and can follow wear out in the window that the irrotational overcoat outside was seted up, realize supporting with the wall of a well and lean on, reach the purpose of preventing changeing.
The invention further provides a static directional rotary guiding method based on a hydraulic principle, which is characterized by comprising a quasi-static sleeve and a deflection control mechanism, wherein a central shaft penetrates through the quasi-static sleeve, the lower end of the quasi-static sleeve is in rotatable connection with the corresponding position of the central shaft through a rotatable connection structure and is used for enabling a drill bit to rotate relative to the quasi-static sleeve by taking the rotatable connection structure as the center, and the upper end of the quasi-static sleeve is in rotatable connection with the corresponding position of the central shaft through at least one bearing structure;
a movable gap is preset between the quasi-static sleeve and the central shaft, the drill bit is arranged below the central shaft, and the distance between the steerable connecting structure and the drill bit is within 1.5 meters;
the deflection control mechanism is connected with the quasi-static sleeve, the deflection control mechanism and the quasi-static sleeve keep synchronous rotation, the deflection control mechanism comprises at least one group of pushing mechanisms, the at least one group of pushing mechanisms are arranged on a biasing cylinder at intervals along the circumferential direction, the biasing cylinder is arranged between the central shaft and the quasi-static sleeve, and a movable gap is reserved between the biasing cylinder and the quasi-static sleeve;
the pushing mechanism can move towards or away from the axis of the central shaft assembly, the pushing mechanism is connected with the quasi-static sleeve in an abutting mode, and the pushing mechanism arranged in the wall of the offset barrel is used for transmitting thrust to the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve under the hydraulic action;
the offset cylinder is connected with the central shaft through the follow-up righting bearing and used for transmitting thrust in the radial direction of the central shaft to the central shaft through the follow-up righting bearing;
the pushing mechanisms are abutted against the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve by applying hydraulic pressure to the pushing mechanisms, so that the quasi-static sleeve transmits reaction force to the biasing cylinder through the pushing mechanisms, the quasi-static sleeve generates reaction force to the biasing cylinder through the pushing mechanisms, the resultant force of the reaction force drives the central shaft assembly to flexibly deform relative to the quasi-static sleeve through the follow-up centering bearing, and the central shaft drives the drill bit to rotate relative to the quasi-static sleeve by taking the steerable connecting structure as a center.
Preferably, the number of the pushing mechanisms is 3-6, at least one pushing mechanism in each group corresponds to one set of hydraulic system for providing hydraulic pressure for each group of pushing mechanisms, each pushing mechanism at least comprises a cylinder barrel structure arranged on the side wall of the offset cylinder and a driving piston arranged in the cylinder barrel structure, and the driving piston can move towards or away from the axis of the central shaft and can abut against the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve.
When rotary steering drilling is required to be realized, the larger the amplitude of the resultant biasing force vector is, the larger the flexible deformation of the central shaft assembly relative to the quasi-static sleeve is, and the larger the angle of the central shaft driving the drill bit to rotate relative to the quasi-static sleeve by taking the steerable connecting structure as a center is, the higher the build-up rate is; the smaller the amplitude of the bias resultant force vector is, the smaller the flexible deformation of the central shaft assembly relative to the quasi-static sleeve is, and the smaller the angle of the central shaft driving the drill bit to rotate relative to the quasi-static sleeve by taking the steerable connecting structure as a center is, the lower the build-up rate is;
the magnitude and the direction of the controllable biasing force are realized by adjusting the pressure value of the hydraulic pressure of each group of hydraulic systems, the amplitude and the direction of the biasing force the central shaft to resist the deformation of the biasing, and the drill bit is driven to rotate in a certain angle to the steering direction by taking the steerable connecting structure as the center, so that the purpose of steering drilling is achieved.
Further, preferably, in order to ensure the stability during the operation of the static pointing rotary guide based on the hydraulic principle, the direction of the resultant thrust force vector generated by each group of pushing mechanisms on the biasing cylinder is approximately coincident with the radial direction of the non-rotating outer sleeve.
During the rotary steering real-time rotary steering drilling operation, hydraulic pressure generated by all hydraulic systems is greater than annular pressure, so that all pistons arranged on the offset cylinder are mutually abutted against a well wall by thrust not less than the maximum thrust percent of the pistons.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the static pointing rotary steering drilling device based on the hydraulic principle is simple in structure, can accurately and conveniently control and adjust the drilling angle and direction, and accurately and conveniently drills and goes out of a well.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a static directional rotary guiding device based on a hydraulic principle;
FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the lower half part of one embodiment of a static directional rotary guide device based on a hydraulic principle;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a hydraulic principle based static directional rotary guide device with a partially cut-away upper half part
Fig. 4 is a partial cross-sectional structure view of the lower half part of another embodiment of a static directional rotary guide device based on a hydraulic principle.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional structural schematic view of the offset cylinder position of one embodiment of a static directional rotary guide device based on hydraulic principles.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 to 3 and 5, in embodiment 1 of the present invention, a static directional rotary guide device based on a hydraulic principle,
the drill bit comprises a quasi-static sleeve 6 and a deflection control mechanism 50, and is characterized in that a central shaft 20 penetrates through the quasi-static sleeve 6, the lower end of the quasi-static sleeve is rotatably connected with the corresponding position of the central shaft 20 through a rotatable connecting structure 21, the drill bit is aligned with the static sleeve to rotate by taking the rotatable connecting structure as a center,
the upper end of the quasi-static sleeve is rotatably connected with the corresponding position of the central shaft 20 through at least one bearing structure 23; a movable gap is preset between the quasi-static sleeve and the central shaft, the drill bit 1 is arranged below the central shaft, and the distance between the steerable connecting structure and the drill bit is 0-1.5 m;
the deflection control mechanism 50 is connected with the quasi-static sleeve, and the deflection control mechanism and the quasi-static sleeve keep synchronous rotation, the deflection control mechanism comprises at least 3 groups of pushing mechanisms 52, the at least 3 groups of pushing mechanisms are arranged on a biasing cylinder 51 at intervals along the circumferential direction, the biasing cylinder is arranged between the central shaft and the quasi-static sleeve, and a movable gap is reserved between the biasing cylinder and the quasi-static sleeve;
the pushing mechanism 52 can move towards or away from the axis of the central shaft assembly, the pushing mechanism 52 is in abutting connection with the quasi-static sleeve, and the pushing mechanism arranged in the wall of the offset barrel is used for transmitting thrust to the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve under the action of hydraulic pressure;
the offset cylinder is connected with the central shaft through a follow-up righting bearing 22 and is used for transmitting thrust along the radial direction of the central shaft to the central shaft through the follow-up righting bearing;
in this embodiment, the offset cylinder is connected with the quasi-static sleeve through a first anti-rotation mechanism, and the first anti-rotation mechanism is disposed between the offset cylinder and the quasi-static sleeve and is used for limiting relative rotation between the quasi-static sleeve and the offset cylinder, which takes the well shaft as a rotation shaft;
the first anti-rotation mechanism adopts any one or combination of a plurality of pins, key grooves, a hard pipe 42, a slotted pipe, a perforated pipe, a corrugated pipe, a metal plate and a flexible metal rod, and is used for transmitting the torque transmitted to the offset cylinder by the follow-up righting bearing to the quasi-static sleeve.
The number of the pushing mechanisms 52 is 3-6, at least one pushing mechanism in each group corresponds to one set of hydraulic system 54 for providing hydraulic pressure for each group of pushing mechanisms, each pushing mechanism at least comprises a cylinder barrel structure arranged on the side wall of the offset cylinder 51 and a driving piston 52 arranged in the cylinder barrel structure, and the driving piston can move towards or away from the axis of the central shaft and can abut against the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve.
In a preferred embodiment, the first rotation-preventing mechanism comprises at least one hard tube 42 connected with the offset cylinder, and one end or two ends of the hard tube are provided with a hinge structure; the rigid pipe is connected with the quasi-static sleeve through a hinge structure and used for limiting the bias cylinder to axially move relative to the quasi-static sleeve through the rigid pipe; the hard pipe at least comprises two torque locking structures, the first torque locking structure is used for limiting relative rotation between the hard pipe and the quasi-static sleeve by taking a well shaft as a rotating shaft, the second torque locking structure is used for limiting relative rotation between the hard pipe and the offset cylinder by taking the well shaft as the rotating shaft, and the torque locking structures comprise but are not limited to a ball locking structure, a bolt structure and a thread structure.
In the invention, the hydraulic system is arranged in the side wall of the quasi-static sleeve, and the hydraulic system is connected with the pushing mechanism arranged in the wall of the offset sleeve by adopting a hydraulic pipeline which adopts a flexible pipe 53 or a hose.
In the rotary steering drilling process, pistons arranged in the wall of the offset cylinder extend out under the action of hydraulic pressure and are abutted against the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve, resultant force formed by the driving pistons drives the central shaft to flexibly deform, so that the central shaft below a stress point rotates by taking the steerable connecting structure as the center, a drill bit deflects relative to the static sleeve, and the aim of changing a track of a well hole is fulfilled along with deepening of the well hole.
As a better embodiment, a second anti-rotation mechanism 30 which can contact with the well wall and has an anti-rotation function is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the quasi-static sleeve, the second anti-rotation mechanism at least comprises an anti-rotation piston assembly, a piston is arranged in the anti-rotation piston assembly and can push the anti-rotation backup part to be abutted against the well wall, or the piston arranged in the anti-rotation piston assembly is the anti-rotation backup part, and the second anti-rotation mechanism is connected with the hydraulic system through a hydraulic pipeline.
The steerable connecting structure 21 is a focusing bearing, the quasi-static sleeve is connected with the central shaft through the focusing bearing, a first righting bearing 23 and a second righting bearing 24, the focusing bearing is arranged below the follow-up righting bearing 22, and the first righting bearing and the second righting bearing are arranged above the follow-up righting bearing;
the energy transmission between the quasi-static sleeve and the central shaft is completed by an energy transmission piece, the energy transmission piece at least comprises an energy output end 72 and an energy receiving end 71 and is used for transmitting electric power, and the electric power is transmitted in a slip ring contact power transmission mode or a non-contact wireless energy transmission mode.
The energy output end 72 is electrically connected with an energy supply circuit 81 through an electric wire, the energy output end 72 is electrically connected with a pressure-bearing electric wire 73, the energy supply circuit 81 is electrically connected with a second electric wire 76, the second electric wire 76 is electrically connected with the pressure-bearing electric wire 73 through a pressure-bearing pin, the pressure-bearing pin at least comprises a male pin 75 and a female pin 74, the male pin 75 is electrically connected with the second electric wire 76, and the female pin 74 is electrically connected with the pressure-bearing electric wire 73. The energy transmission part is a wireless energy transmission part, and the energy output end 72 transmits energy to the energy receiving end 71 in an electromagnetic coupling mode; the energy supply circuit is an inverter circuit and is used for providing alternating current for the energy output end.
As a better embodiment, the static directional rotary guiding device based on the hydraulic principle is provided with the second anti-rotation mechanism, the offset cylinder, the hydraulic system, the electronic circuit accommodating bin and the bearing structure 23 from bottom to top respectively; the energy transmission member is arranged between the electronic circuit accommodating bin and the first righting bearing, or the energy transmission member is arranged between the first righting bearing 23 and the second righting bearing 24.
Referring to fig. 3 to 5, in embodiment 2 of the present invention, a static directional rotary guiding device based on hydraulic principle,
the differences between said example 2 and example 1 are as follows,
the biasing cylinder and the quasi-static sleeve are connected with each other through a hinge structure 41, and the hinge structure is any hinge structure including a universal joint.
The outer peripheral surface of the offset cylinder is also provided with a second anti-rotation mechanism which can contact with the well wall and has an anti-rotation function, the second anti-rotation mechanism comprises an anti-rotation piston assembly and an anti-rotation pushing part, a piston is arranged in the anti-rotation piston assembly and can push the anti-rotation pushing part to abut against the well wall,
the window is opened to the quasi-static sleeve outside, prevent changeing push away the piece and can follow wear out in the window that the irrotational overcoat outside was seted up, realize supporting with the wall of a well and lean on, reach the purpose of preventing changeing.
In addition, referring to fig. 1 to 5, the present invention provides a static directional rotary steering method based on a hydraulic principle, which is characterized in that the method includes a quasi-static sleeve 6 and a deflection control mechanism 50, wherein a central shaft 20 is inserted into the quasi-static sleeve 6, a lower end of the quasi-static sleeve is rotatably connected to a corresponding position of the central shaft 20 through a rotatable connection structure 21, so that a drill bit rotates relative to the quasi-static sleeve with the rotatable connection structure as a center, and an upper end of the quasi-static sleeve is rotatably connected to the corresponding position of the central shaft 20 through at least one bearing structure 23;
a movable gap is preset between the quasi-static sleeve and the central shaft, the drill bit 1 is arranged below the central shaft, and the distance between the steerable connecting structure and the drill bit is 0-1.5 m;
the deflection control mechanism 50 is connected with the quasi-static sleeve, and the deflection control mechanism and the quasi-static sleeve keep synchronous rotation, the deflection control mechanism comprises at least 3 groups of pushing mechanisms 52, the at least 3 groups of pushing mechanisms are arranged on a biasing cylinder 51 at intervals along the circumferential direction, the biasing cylinder is arranged between the central shaft and the quasi-static sleeve, and a movable gap is reserved between the biasing cylinder and the quasi-static sleeve;
the pushing mechanism 52 can move towards or away from the axis of the central shaft assembly, the pushing mechanism 52 is in abutting connection with the quasi-static sleeve, and the pushing mechanism arranged in the wall of the offset barrel is used for transmitting thrust to the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve under the action of hydraulic pressure;
the offset cylinder is connected with the central shaft through a follow-up righting bearing 22 and is used for transmitting thrust along the radial direction of the central shaft to the central shaft through the follow-up righting bearing;
and applying hydraulic pressure to each pushing mechanism through a hydraulic system, enabling the pushing mechanisms to be abutted against the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve, enabling the quasi-static sleeve to generate reaction force to the biasing cylinder through each pushing mechanism, and enabling the resultant force of the reaction force to drive the central shaft assembly to flexibly deform relative to the quasi-static sleeve through the follow-up centralizing bearing, so that the central shaft drives the drill bit to rotate relative to the quasi-static sleeve by taking the steerable connecting structure as a center.
The number of the pushing mechanisms 52 is 3-6, at least one pushing mechanism in each group corresponds to one set of hydraulic system 54 for providing hydraulic pressure for each group of pushing mechanisms, each pushing mechanism at least comprises a cylinder barrel structure arranged on the side wall of the offset cylinder 51 and a driving piston 52 arranged in the cylinder barrel structure, and the driving piston can move towards or away from the axis of the central shaft and can abut against the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve.
When rotary steering drilling needs to be realized, the larger the amplitude of a bias resultant force vector applied to a central shaft generated by the deflection control mechanism is, the larger the flexible deformation of a central shaft assembly relative to the quasi-static sleeve is, the larger the angle of the central shaft driving a drill bit to rotate relative to the quasi-static sleeve by taking a steerable connecting structure as a center is, the stronger the deflecting capability is, and the higher the deflecting rate is; conversely, the smaller the amplitude of the resultant biasing force vector applied to the central shaft generated by the deflection control mechanism is, the smaller the flexible deformation of the central shaft assembly relative to the quasi-static sleeve is, the smaller the angle of the central shaft driving the drill bit to rotate relative to the quasi-static sleeve by taking the steerable connecting structure as a center is, the weaker the deflecting capability is, and the lower the deflecting rate is;
the magnitude and the direction of the bias force applied to the central shaft are controlled by adjusting the magnitude of the hydraulic pressure of each group of hydraulic systems, the magnitude and the direction of the bias force the central shaft to generate deformation resisting the bias, and the drill bit is driven to rotate in a certain angle in the direction of the steering direction by taking the steering connecting structure as the center, so that the purpose of guiding drilling is achieved. The direction of the resultant force of the biasing force is controlled to be opposite to the guiding direction, so that the central shaft deforms in the direction opposite to the guiding direction, and the purpose of controlling the guiding direction is achieved.
In order to ensure the stability during the work of the static pointing rotary guide based on the hydraulic principle, the direction of the resultant thrust force vector generated by each group of pushing mechanisms on the offset cylinder is approximately coincident with the radial direction of the non-rotating outer sleeve.
During the rotary steering real-time rotary steering drilling operation, hydraulic pressure generated by all hydraulic systems is greater than annular pressure, so that all pistons arranged on the offset cylinder are mutually abutted against a well wall by thrust not less than 3% of the maximum thrust of the pistons.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention are equivalent to or changed within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (18)
1. A static pointing rotary guide device based on a hydraulic principle is characterized by comprising a quasi-static sleeve (6) and a deflection control mechanism, wherein a central shaft (20) penetrates through the quasi-static sleeve (6), and the quasi-static sleeve is connected with the central shaft (20) through at least one pair of bearing structures;
a gap is preset between the quasi-static sleeve and the central shaft and is used for providing a deformation space for the central shaft when the central shaft deflects under the control of a deflection control mechanism, and the drill bit (1) is arranged below the central shaft;
the deflection control mechanism is connected with the quasi-static sleeve and keeps synchronous rotation with the quasi-static sleeve, the deflection control mechanism comprises at least 3 groups of pushing mechanisms (52), the at least 3 groups of pushing mechanisms are arranged on a biasing cylinder (51) at intervals along the circumferential direction, the biasing cylinder is arranged between the central shaft and the quasi-static sleeve, and a movable gap is reserved between the biasing cylinder and the quasi-static sleeve;
the pushing mechanism (52) is arranged on the wall of the offset barrel and used for being abutted against the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve under the hydraulic action and transmitting thrust to the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve;
the offset cylinder is connected with the central shaft through a follow-up centralizing bearing (22) and is used for transmitting thrust along the radial direction of the central shaft to the central shaft through the follow-up centralizing bearing.
2. A hydraulically based static directional rotary steerable guide device according to claim 1, characterized in that the quasi-static sleeve is rotatably connected at its lower end to the lower part of the central shaft (20) by means of a steerable connection (21), and at its upper end to the central shaft by means of at least one centering bearing (23) for rotating the drill bit about the steerable connection in relation to the quasi-static sleeve, the offset cylinder being arranged above the steerable connection, the centering bearing being arranged above the offset cylinder (51), and the steerable connection being located at a distance of 0-1.5 m from the drill bit.
3. The hydraulic-principle-based static directional rotary guide device according to claim 1, wherein the offset cylinder and the quasi-static sleeve are connected through a first anti-rotation mechanism, and the first anti-rotation mechanism is disposed between the offset cylinder and the quasi-static sleeve and used for limiting relative rotation between the quasi-static sleeve and the offset cylinder, wherein the relative rotation is about the well shaft.
4. The hydraulic-principle-based static directional rotary guide device according to claim 3, wherein the first rotation-preventing mechanism at least comprises any one or a combination of a hard tube 42, a corrugated tube, a slit tube, a perforated tube, a metal plate and a metal rod, and is connected with the quasi-static sleeve and the offset cylinder respectively for further transmitting the torque transmitted from the follow-up righting bearing to the offset cylinder to the quasi-static sleeve.
5. The static pointing rotary guide device based on the hydraulic principle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number of the pushing mechanisms (52) is 3-6, at least one pushing mechanism in each group corresponds to one set of hydraulic system (54) respectively, and the hydraulic systems are used for providing hydraulic pressure for each group of pushing mechanisms respectively, each pushing mechanism at least comprises a cylinder barrel structure arranged on the side wall of the offset cylinder (51) and a driving piston (52) arranged in the cylinder barrel structure, and the driving piston can move towards or away from the axis of the central shaft and can abut against the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve.
6. A hydraulic-principle-based static directional rotary guide device according to claim 3, wherein the first rotation-prevention mechanism comprises at least one rigid pipe (42) connected to the biasing cylinder, the rigid pipe comprises at least two torsional locking structures, the first torsional locking structure is used for limiting the relative rotation between the rigid pipe and the quasi-static sleeve by using the well shaft as a rotating shaft, the second torsional locking structure is used for limiting the relative rotation between the rigid pipe and the biasing cylinder by using the well shaft as a rotating shaft, and the torsional locking structure is any one or combination of a ball-locking structure, a key-groove structure, a pin-pin structure, a threaded structure and a ball-cage structure.
7. The static directional rotary guide device based on the hydraulic principle is characterized in that the hydraulic system is arranged in the wall of the quasi-static sleeve, the hydraulic system is connected with the pushing mechanism arranged in the wall of the offset sleeve by adopting a hydraulic pipeline for transmitting the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic system to the pushing mechanism, the hydraulic pipeline adopts a flexible pipe (53) or a hose, and the hydraulic system is a hydraulic system capable of independently adjusting the hydraulic pressure and is used for providing different hydraulic pressures for each group of pushing mechanisms.
8. A hydraulic principle-based static directional rotary guide device according to claim 5, characterized in that the hydraulic system at least comprises a motor, a pump and a throttle valve, the motor drives the pump to generate hydraulic power fluid, the hydraulic power fluid is pumped out from an outlet of the pump and flows through the throttle valve and flows back to an inlet of the pump, a pipeline between the pump outlet and the throttle valve is a power fluid pipeline, the power fluid pipeline is communicated with a cylinder barrel structure in the offset cylinder (51) and is used for transmitting hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic system to the bottom surface of a driving piston (52), the resultant force of the hydraulic pressure formed by all the driving pistons is in a range of 0-5 tons, and the resultant force formed by the driving pistons drives the central shaft to be flexibly deformed, so that the central shaft below a force receiving point rotates by taking the steerable connection structure as the center.
9. The hydraulic principle-based static directional rotary steering device according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein a second anti-rotation mechanism (30) having an anti-rotation function and capable of contacting with a well wall is disposed on the outer circumferential surface of the quasi-static sleeve, the second anti-rotation mechanism at least comprises an anti-rotation piston assembly, a piston is disposed inside the anti-rotation piston assembly and can push the anti-rotation backup member to abut against the well wall, or a piston disposed inside the anti-rotation piston assembly is the anti-rotation backup member, and the second anti-rotation mechanism is connected with the hydraulic system through a hydraulic pipeline.
10. A hydrostatic-principle-based static directional rotary steerable device according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that the steerable connecting structure (21) is a focusing bearing, the quasi-static sleeve is connected with the central shaft through the focusing bearing, a first centering bearing (23) and a second centering bearing (24), the focusing bearing is arranged below the follow-up centering bearing (22), and the first centering bearing and the second centering bearing are arranged above the follow-up centering bearing;
the energy transmission between the quasi-static sleeve and the central shaft is completed by means of an energy transmission piece, the energy transmission piece at least comprises an energy output end (72) and an energy receiving end (71) and is used for transmitting electric power, and the electric power is transmitted in a slip ring contact power transmission mode or a non-contact wireless energy transmission mode.
11. The hydraulic principle-based static directional rotary guide device is characterized in that the energy output end (72) is electrically connected with an energy supply circuit (81) through an electric wire, the energy output end (72) is electrically connected with a pressure-bearing electric wire (73), the energy supply circuit (81) is electrically connected with a second electric wire (76), the second electric wire (76) is electrically connected with the pressure-bearing electric wire (73) through a pressure-bearing pin, the pressure-bearing pin at least comprises a male pin (75) and a female pin (74), the male pin (75) is electrically connected with the second electric wire (76), and the female pin (74) is electrically connected with the pressure-bearing electric wire (73).
12. A hydraulic principle based static pointing rotary steerable device according to claim 10, characterized in that the energy transmission member is a wireless energy transmission member, and the energy output end (72) transmits energy to the energy receiving end (71) through electromagnetic coupling; the energy supply circuit is an inverter circuit and is used for providing alternating current for the energy output end.
13. A hydraulic principle-based static directional rotary guide device according to claims 9-10, wherein the second anti-rotation mechanism, the offset cylinder, the hydraulic system, the electronic circuit accommodating chamber, and the bearing structure (23) are respectively arranged in the hydraulic principle-based static directional rotary guide device from bottom to top; the energy transmission piece is arranged between the electronic circuit accommodating bin and the first righting bearing, or the energy transmission piece is arranged between the first righting bearing (23) and the second righting bearing (24).
14. A hydraulically based static directional rotary guide device according to claim 1, characterized in that the biasing cylinder and the quasi-static sleeve are interconnected by an articulation (41) which is any articulation including a universal joint.
15. The hydraulic principle-based static directional rotary steering device according to claim 14, wherein a second anti-rotation mechanism having an anti-rotation function and capable of contacting with a well wall is further disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the offset cylinder, the second anti-rotation mechanism includes an anti-rotation piston assembly and an anti-rotation backup member, and a piston disposed inside the anti-rotation piston assembly can push the anti-rotation backup member to abut against the well wall;
the window is opened to the quasi-static sleeve outside, prevent changeing push away the piece and can follow wear out in the window that the irrotational overcoat outside was seted up, realize supporting with the wall of a well and lean on, reach the purpose of preventing changeing.
16. A static pointing rotary guide method based on a hydraulic principle is characterized by comprising a quasi-static sleeve (6) and a deflection control mechanism (50), wherein a central shaft (20) is arranged in the quasi-static sleeve (6) in a penetrating mode, the lower end of the quasi-static sleeve is in steerable connection with a corresponding position of the central shaft (20) through a steerable connecting structure (21) and is used for enabling a drill bit to rotate relative to the quasi-static sleeve by taking the steerable connecting structure as a center, and the upper end of the quasi-static sleeve is in rotatable connection with the corresponding position of the central shaft (20) through at least one bearing structure (23);
a movable gap is preset between the quasi-static sleeve and the central shaft, the drill bit (1) is arranged below the central shaft, and the distance between the steerable connecting structure and the drill bit is 0-1.5 m;
the deflection control mechanism (50) is connected with the quasi-static sleeve and keeps synchronous rotation with the quasi-static sleeve, the deflection control mechanism comprises at least 3 groups of pushing mechanisms (52), the at least 3 groups of pushing mechanisms are arranged on a biasing cylinder (51) at intervals along the circumferential direction, the biasing cylinder is arranged between the central shaft and the quasi-static sleeve, and a movable gap is reserved between the biasing cylinder and the quasi-static sleeve;
the pushing mechanism (52) can move towards or away from the axis of the central shaft assembly, the pushing mechanism (52) is connected with the quasi-static sleeve in an abutting mode, and the pushing mechanism arranged in the wall of the offset barrel is used for transmitting thrust to the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve under the hydraulic action;
the offset cylinder is connected with the central shaft through a follow-up righting bearing (22) and is used for transmitting thrust along the radial direction of the central shaft to the central shaft through the follow-up righting bearing;
and applying hydraulic pressure to each pushing mechanism through a hydraulic system, enabling the pushing mechanisms to be abutted against the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve, enabling the quasi-static sleeve to generate reaction force to the biasing cylinder through each pushing mechanism, and enabling the resultant force of the reaction force to drive the central shaft assembly to flexibly deform relative to the quasi-static sleeve through the follow-up centralizing bearing, so that the central shaft drives the drill bit to rotate relative to the quasi-static sleeve by taking the steerable connecting structure as a center.
17. The method for static directional rotary steering based on the hydraulic principle as claimed in claim 16, wherein the number of the pushing mechanisms (52) is 3-6, at least one pushing mechanism in each group corresponds to one set of hydraulic system (54) respectively for providing hydraulic pressure for each group of pushing mechanisms respectively, each pushing mechanism at least comprises a cylinder structure arranged on the side wall of the offset cylinder (51) and a driving piston (52) arranged in the cylinder structure, and the driving piston can move towards or away from the axis of the central shaft and can abut against the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve;
when rotary steering drilling is required to be realized, the build-up rate of the rotary steering is controlled through the amplitude of a bias resultant force vector which is generated by the deflection control mechanism and applied to the central shaft;
the amplitude and the direction of the biasing force are controlled by adjusting the pressure value of the hydraulic pressure of each group of hydraulic systems, the amplitude and the direction of the biasing force the central shaft to resist the deformation of the biasing force, the drill bit is driven to rotate in a certain angle to the guiding direction by taking the steerable connecting structure as the center, the control of the guiding direction is realized by controlling the direction of the resultant force of the biasing force, and the purpose of guiding drilling is achieved.
18. The method of claim 16, wherein the direction of the resultant thrust force vector generated by each set of pushing mechanisms on the biasing cylinder substantially coincides with the radial direction of the non-rotating outer sleeve to ensure stability during operation of the hydraulically-based static directional rotary steerable system;
during the rotary steering real-time rotary steering drilling operation, hydraulic pressure generated by all hydraulic systems is greater than annular pressure, so that all pistons arranged on the offset cylinder are mutually abutted against a well wall by thrust not less than 3% of the maximum thrust of the pistons.
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| CN201910618510.8A CN112211556B (en) | 2019-07-09 | 2019-07-09 | Static pointing rotation guiding device based on hydraulic principle |
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| CN201910618510.8A CN112211556B (en) | 2019-07-09 | 2019-07-09 | Static pointing rotation guiding device based on hydraulic principle |
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| CN115126422A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2022-09-30 | 北京全地科技有限公司 | Rotary steering drilling tool with self-adaptive supporting structure |
| CN115247535A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2022-10-28 | 徐梓辰 | Rotary guide drilling tool |
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| CN112211556B (en) | 2023-05-05 |
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