CN115126422B - Rotary steering drilling tool with self-adaptive supporting structure - Google Patents
Rotary steering drilling tool with self-adaptive supporting structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN115126422B CN115126422B CN202110321614.XA CN202110321614A CN115126422B CN 115126422 B CN115126422 B CN 115126422B CN 202110321614 A CN202110321614 A CN 202110321614A CN 115126422 B CN115126422 B CN 115126422B
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/10—Wear protectors; Centralising devices, e.g. stabilisers
- E21B17/1078—Stabilisers or centralisers for casing, tubing or drill pipes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/10—Wear protectors; Centralising devices, e.g. stabilisers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B44/00—Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a rotary steering drilling tool with a self-adaptive supporting structure, which changes the original direct connection between the tail part of a central shaft and an outer sleeve into indirect connection through the centralizing sleeve by adding the centralizing sleeve and penetrating a flexible shaft in the centralizing sleeve, increases the moment arm distance in the deformation process of the flexible shaft on the basis of not obviously lengthening a flexible joint, further reduces the working pressure of a bias control mechanism, and improves the use stability and stratum adaptability of the tool.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of drilling exploration engineering, in particular to a rotary steering drilling tool with a self-adaptive supporting structure.
Background
With the development of petroleum industry, the conditions of deep wells, ultra-deep wells, large-displacement wells and the like with very high requirements on the track of drilling well bores are increasingly generated in the development process of oil and gas fields. According to the requirements, the rotary steering drilling tool is generally used for directional drilling at present, and particularly, the rotary steering drilling tool for changing the direction of a drill bit through flexible shaft acting force deformation is used, and the well bore of the rotary steering drilling tool is smooth and regular, so that the improvement of drilling quality and the guarantee of drilling safety are facilitated, and the rotary steering drilling tool has a wider application range and application prospect.
As shown in fig. 1, the prior art drilling tool is schematically configured, and includes a drill bit 1, a bias control mechanism 4, an outer sleeve 6, a central shaft 8, a first centralizing bearing 23, a second centralizing bearing 24, a flexible nipple 25, a fulcrum centralizer 26, an electrical connection wire 54, a bias control mechanism driving circuit 55, a control circuit 56, a side pushing piston accommodating space 61, a side pushing piston 62, a side pushing leaning piece 63, an energy receiving end 71, an energy output end 72, a plug connector 73, a power supply circuit 81, a modem 82, and an attitude measuring circuit 83. The lateral pushing piston accommodating space 61, the lateral pushing piston 62 and the offset control mechanism 4 form a guiding pup joint, and guiding is realized by generating lateral pushing force, and the guiding can be dynamic pushing type rotary guiding, dynamic mixing type rotary guiding, static pushing type rotary guiding, static mixing type rotary guiding, namely, the type without limiting rotary guiding, and can be static offset rotary guiding or dynamic offset rotary guiding which realizes guiding through the outer sleeve 6. In the prior art, the flexible deformation stress point of the flexible nipple is located at a position behind the fulcrum centralizer 26, the flexible nipple, namely the flexible deformation section b, is relatively short and far away from the drill bit at the end of the drilling tool, and when the guide of the section a needs to be changed, larger acting force needs to be used.
In the prior art, in the process of using a rotary steering drilling tool, an acting force is required to be applied to a flexible nipple by taking a fulcrum centralizer 26 as a fulcrum through a bias control mechanism 4 to generate proper side thrust, so that the influence of the stress moment of the flexible nipple is deformed, and the drill bit 1 is allowed to deviate from the central line of a borehole towards the steering direction; as the drill bit 1 is deflected while the drill bit 1 is still held in rotation for driving. Because the fulcrum centralizer 26 needs to maintain a strong rigidity and a proper distance from the drill bit 1, the fulcrum centralizer 26 is arranged in front of the flexible nipple in the prior art. This results in the flexible nipple being positioned too far back, so a relatively large counter force must be applied to the guide nipple to achieve the slope of the engineering requirement for the rotational direction. The moment arm distance which actually acts in the deformation process of the flexible short section is the distance from the force application point of the bias control mechanism 4 to the fulcrum centralizer. For the flexible pup joint, the flexible pup joint is generally made of metal, enough deformation is required to enable the deflection of the guiding pup joint to reach a qualified build-up rate, quite large acting force is often required to be applied to generate enough moment, and the limitation of the distance of the moment arm further aggravates the requirement on the rotation guiding side thrust; meanwhile, in order to consider the overall stability and safety of the drilling tool, the length of the flexible pup joint cannot be lengthened at will, and the required effect can be achieved only by outputting stronger acting force by the bias control mechanism 4, so that on one hand, the tool damages the well wall in the soft stratum drilling process, on the other hand, the fault rate of the bias control mechanism is increased, and the overall reliability of the tool is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a rotary steering drilling tool with a self-adaptive supporting structure.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention comprises the following steps:
The rotary steering drilling tool with the self-adaptive supporting structure is characterized by comprising a steering nipple, a bias control mechanism driving circuit, a gesture measuring circuit and the self-adaptive supporting structure;
The guide pup joint comprises a side pushing device and a drill bit, and the drill bit is arranged at the front part of the guide pup joint;
The self-adaptive supporting structure comprises a flexible shaft, a righting sleeve and a fulcrum centralizer; the front part of the centralizing sleeve is connected with the front part of the flexible shaft, the connecting part of the front end of the flexible shaft and the centralizing sleeve adopts a coaxial connection mode, and when the flexible shaft performs self-rotation motion along the axis of the flexible shaft, the flexible shaft deforms under the action of the outward thrust of the guide pup joint side pushing device and simultaneously deflects along with the front part of the centralizing sleeve by taking the fulcrum centralizing device as a fulcrum;
The side pushing device comprises a side pushing piston accommodating space and a side pushing piston, the side pushing device is arranged in front of the front end face of the centralizing sleeve, and the side pushing device applies acting force perpendicular to the axis of the guide pup joint under the drive of the bias control mechanism; the guide pup joint is connected to the front part of the flexible shaft, and deflects by taking the centralizer as a fulcrum;
An annular deformation space is arranged between the centralizing sleeve and the flexible shaft, and the front end of the annular deformation space is terminated at the joint surface of the guide nipple and the front part of the centralizing sleeve.
The connection among the centralizing sleeve, the guide pup joint body and the flexible shaft can be realized by adopting any modes of threaded connection, welding, integrated machining and manufacturing, 3D printing and integrated manufacturing and the like; the connection of the fulcrum centralizer and the centralizing sleeve can also be realized by adopting any mode of threaded connection, welding, integrated machining and manufacturing, 3D printing and integrated manufacturing and the like.
Preferably, an annular deformation space formed between the centralizing sleeve and the flexible shaft is gradually enlarged from front to back to form a conical annular deformation space from the stress position of the annular deformation space in contact with the flexible shaft, and the stress position of the annular deformation space in contact with the flexible shaft is at least positioned in front of the forefront end of the fulcrum centralizing device.
Preferably, the rear part of the guide pup joint is provided with a centralizing sleeve mounting position for fixedly connecting the centralizing sleeve with the rear part of the guide pup joint; the fixed connection comprises one or more of threaded connection, spline connection and pin connection; the inner diameter of the centralizing sleeve is larger than the outer diameter of any section of the flexible shaft at the rear position of the root.
Preferably, the axial length e of the annular deformation space is at least 30% of the distance f from the lower end surface of the drill bit to the first fulcrum centralizer.
Further preferably, the gap between the inner diameter of the rear part of the centralizing sleeve and the outer diameter of the flexible shaft at the corresponding position of the rear part of the centralizing sleeve is smaller than or equal to the displacement generated by the flexural deformation of the flexible shaft in the elastic deformation range, or the diameter difference obtained by subtracting the outer diameter of the flexible shaft at the corresponding position from the inner diameter of the rear part of the centralizing sleeve is 1-30 mm.
Preferably, the guide nipple is a static offset guide nipple, the guide nipple comprises an outer sleeve and a central shaft, the drill bit is arranged at the top end of the front part of the central shaft, and the central shaft penetrates through the outer sleeve and is used for connecting the drill bit and transmitting drilling power;
the offset control mechanism and the side pushing device are both arranged in the wall of the outer sleeve and are arranged in front of the front end face of the centralizing sleeve along with the outer sleeve, the offset control mechanism is a hydraulic system, the side pushing device comprises a side pushing piston and a side pushing piston accommodating space, and the side pushing device pushes the pushing piece to push against the well wall to generate a deflecting effect through the piston; the hydraulic system is powered by an energy transmission member, and the energy transmission member comprises an energy receiving end arranged on the outer sleeve and an energy output end arranged on the centralizing sleeve and synchronously rotating along with the centralizing sleeve; the energy receiving end is in contact sliding friction electricity transmission connection with the energy output end, or the energy receiving end is in non-contact coupling induction electric energy transmission with the energy output end.
Preferably, a seal is provided between the rear of the centralizing sleeve and the flexible shaft for preventing debris in the annulus from flowing into the annular space between the centralizing sleeve and the flexible shaft.
Further preferably, the sealing member is a sealing tube; cambered surface contact is adopted between the sealing tube and the flexible shaft as well as between the sealing tube and the centralizing sleeve, and deflection can be generated between the sealing tube and the flexible shaft as well as between the sealing tube and the centralizing sleeve.
Preferably, ultra-deep holes for realizing the electric connection between the guide pup joint and other circuits in the rear drill column are formed in the side wall of the flexible shaft.
Preferably, the outer diameter of the flexible shaft in the adaptive support structure is not less than 40% of the diameter of the drill bit, so as to transmit torque and weight on bit to the drill bit and bear bending moment.
Preferably, the deflection control mechanism comprises a motor, a rotary valve rotor and a rotary valve seat, the motor can drive the rotary valve rotor to rotate relative to the rotary valve seat, and high-pressure drilling circulation mediums in the drilling tool can be periodically distributed to the side pushing device to be pushed against the well wall to achieve the guiding purpose.
Preferably, the articulated sleeve is articulated to be arranged at the front part of the guide pup joint through a universal joint, the drill bit is arranged below the articulated sleeve, a pushing piece is arranged at the outer side of the articulated sleeve, and the side pushing piston transmits pushing force to the well wall through the articulated sleeve and the pushing piece. The pushing member is typically a centralizer.
Preferably, the rear part of the flexible shaft is provided with a second fulcrum centralizer, or the outer side of other drill strings above the flexible shaft is provided with a second fulcrum centralizer, and the distance g from the second fulcrum centralizer to the fulcrum centralizer is less than 300% of the distance f from the lower end surface of the drill bit to the first fulcrum centralizer.
Preferably, the bias control mechanism driving circuit and/or the guide control circuit are/is arranged inside the flexible shaft or above the flexible shaft.
Preferably, the second attitude measurement circuit is arranged in or above the flexible shaft, and at least comprises an accelerometer and/or a magnetometer arranged along the radial direction and used for measuring the gravity toolface angle or inverting the gravity toolface angle through the magnetic toolface angle.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
By adopting the rotary steering drilling tool with the self-adaptive supporting structure, the distance between the centralizer and the drill bit is prolonged by adding the self-adaptive supporting structure consisting of the centralizing sleeve, the fulcrum centralizer and the flexible shaft, the flexible deformation stress point of the flexible shaft is moved backwards to the front part of the centralizer from the original rear position of the centralizer by the method of penetrating the flexible shaft in the centralizing sleeve, the flexibility of the rotary steering system is increased on the premise that the integral length of the drilling tool is not required to be obviously prolonged, the diameter and the length of a flexible nipple are not required to be reduced, and the deformable section of the rotary steering system is extended downwards, so that the thrust required in the steering process of the drilling tool is reduced or the deflecting force of the rotary steering system is increased under the condition of the same thrust, the use and maintenance cost of the drilling tool is reduced, and the integral reliability of the drilling tool is improved; the distance from the centralizer to the bottom of the well can be set according to actual needs, a flexible configuration mode is realized, the drilling tool can be suitable for various drilling tool designs, and various drilling tool bias control mechanisms are compatible.
The method of adding the centralizing sleeve and penetrating the flexible shaft in the centralizing sleeve is characterized in that the fulcrum centralizing device originally arranged at the front part of the flexible joint is arranged outside the centralizing sleeve, the front part of the centralizing sleeve is coaxially connected with the rear part of the guide pup joint, the rear part of the guide joint is connected with the rear drill string through the flexible shaft, the direct connection between the fulcrum centralizing device and the guide pup joint is changed into indirect connection through the centralizing sleeve, and the flexible pup joint in the prior art can be reserved for reflecting better effects, namely, the rear of the flexible shaft is further connected with the rear drill string through the flexible pup joint. In the invention, the flexible shaft passes through the deformable nipple which is arranged in the centralizing sleeve and forms an annular deformation space with the centralizing sleeve. The moment arm distance in the flexible shaft deformation process is increased on the basis of not obviously lengthening the flexible joint, so that the working pressure of the bias control mechanism is reduced, and the use stability and stratum adaptability of the tool are improved.
For the preferred scheme, the bias control mechanism driving circuit is arranged in the flexible shaft or above the flexible shaft, so that the length of the guide pup joint can be reduced to a greater extent, the function of the flexible joint can be better played, the obstruction of the drill string behind the guide pup joint to the guide pup joint can be greatly reduced, and the side pushing device can push the guide pup joint to deflect with smaller force. In addition, the bias control mechanism driving circuit is arranged behind the flexible shaft, so that damage of vibration to the circuit can be sufficiently reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art well tool;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a partial structure of a seal tube according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 3 of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing an improved structure of embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Description of the drawings:
1a drill bit, 2a flexible shaft, 4a bias control mechanism, 41 a motor, 42 a rotary valve rotor, 43 a rotary valve seat, 44 a rotary transformer, 5a centralizing sleeve mounting position, 6 an outer sleeve, 7a sealing tube, 8a central shaft, 23 a first centralizing bearing, 24a second centralizing bearing, 25 a flexible short joint, 26 a fulcrum centralizing device, 29a centralizing sleeve, 54 an electric connecting wire, 55 a bias control mechanism driving circuit, 56 a control circuit, 61 a side pushing piston accommodating space, 62 a side pushing piston, 63 a side pushing leaning piece, 71 an energy receiving end, 72 an energy output end, 73 a plug connector, 81 a power supply circuit, 82 a modem, 83 an attitude measuring circuit and 84 a second attitude measuring circuit.
Detailed Description
For a clearer understanding of the present invention, reference will be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
Referring now to FIG. 2, there is shown a schematic view of an embodiment 1 of the well tool of the present invention, including a flexible shaft 2, a centralizing sleeve 29, in addition to the structure of FIG. 1; the front part of the centralizing sleeve 29 is fixedly connected with the front part of the flexible shaft 2, the flexible shaft 2 deflects under the biasing action of the guide pup joint while performing self-rotation motion along the axis of the flexible shaft 2, so that the front part of the flexible shaft 2 deflects by taking the fulcrum centralizing device 26 as a fulcrum, and an ultra-deep hole is formed in the side wall of the flexible shaft 2 and used for realizing the electrical connection of the rotary guide pup joint and other circuits in a rear drilling column; the bias control mechanism 4 is arranged in front of the front end face of the centralizing sleeve 29 and applies acting force perpendicular to the axis of the guide pup joint; the guide nipple deflects about the fulcrum centralizer 26. The top end of the front part of the guide pup joint is provided with a drill bit 1 protruding out of the outer sleeve; an annular deformation space is arranged between the centralizing sleeve 29 and the flexible shaft, and the front end of the annular deformation space is terminated at the joint of the guide nipple and the front part of the centralizing sleeve 29. In the present invention, the flexible shaft 2 is inserted into the sleeve and deformed in the sleeve, so that the flexible deformed section b is greatly close to the drill bit 1, and therefore, the thrust rate can be improved under the same thrust condition or the necessary thrust force can be minimized under the same thrust requirement condition.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment 2 of the drilling tool according to the present invention is shown, and a seal tube 7 is added between the rear portion of the centralizing sleeve 29 and the flexible shaft 2 on the basis of embodiment 1, wherein the seal tube 7 is used for preventing rock debris in the annulus from flowing into the annular space between the centralizing sleeve 29 and the flexible shaft 2. Cambered surface contact is adopted between the sealing tube 7 and the flexible shaft 2 and between the sealing tube 7 and the centralizing sleeve 29, so that deflection is allowed between the sealing tube 7 and the flexible shaft 2 and between the sealing tube 7 and the centralizing sleeve 29. The seal tube 7 may be replaced with a bladder for sealing or other sealing member, and the sealing member mainly refers to a sealing of dirt such as rock debris, and is not required for fluid sealing. In the specific implementation process, the annular deformation space between the centralizing sleeve 29 and the flexible shaft 2 can be filled with oil or can be filled with drilling fluid. The purpose of the seal is only to prevent debris from filling the annular deformation space, resulting in a blocked deformation of the flexible joint.
The cross section area of the annular deformation space formed between the centralizing sleeve 29 and the flexible shaft 2 is gradually enlarged from front to back to form a conical annular deformation space from the stressed position of the annular deformation space contacted with the flexible shaft 2, and the stressed position of the annular deformation space contacted with the flexible shaft is at least positioned in front of the forefront end of the fulcrum centralizing device 26. It should be noted that, since the root of the flexible shaft 2 is subjected to the greatest stress when the rotation guide is deflected, the tapered annular deformation space exists only near the root of the flexible shaft 2, i.e., at the c position shown in fig. 3, and the main function is to prevent stress concentration at the root of the flexible shaft 2.
And the rear part of the guide pup joint is provided with a centralizing sleeve mounting position 5 which is used for fixedly connecting the centralizing sleeve with the rear part of the guide pup joint. The fixed connection mode can be one or a combination of a plurality of threaded connection, spline connection and pin connection. It should be noted that, the inner diameter of the centralizing sleeve needs to be larger than the outer diameter of any section of the flexible shaft 2 at the rear position of the root, so as to ensure that the centralizing sleeve 29 can be smoothly sleeved outside the flexible shaft 2. In addition, in the present invention, the guide nipple refers to a section where the biasing mechanism is specifically installed, and the guide nipple is connected to the front of the flexible shaft 2. Thus, in the present invention, the flexible shaft front and the guide nipple rear are the same concept.
The diameter difference obtained by subtracting the outer diameter of the flexible shaft 2 at the corresponding position from the inner diameter of the rear part of the centralizing sleeve 29 is 1 to 30 mm.
The clearance between the inner diameter of the rear end part of the centralizing sleeve 29 and the outer diameter of the flexible shaft 2 at the position corresponding to the rear end part of the centralizing sleeve 29 is smaller than or equal to the displacement generated by the deflection of the flexible shaft 2 in the elastic deformation range. During normal deflecting operation of the rotary guide, the displacement generated by the flexible deformation of the flexible shaft 2 is smaller than the gap distance of the annular space between the centralizing sleeve 29 and the flexible shaft 2 at the corresponding position, so as to prevent the flexible shaft 2 from breaking under the condition of tool vibration or other limit conditions. The annular space gap is no greater than the displacement of the flexible shaft 2 caused by yielding.
The drilling tool is a static bias rotary guide, the static bias rotary guide comprises an outer sleeve 6 and a central shaft 8, the bias control mechanism and the pushing piece are arranged on the wall of the outer sleeve 6, the bias control mechanism is a hydraulic system, and the piston pushes the pushing piece to push against the well wall to generate a deflecting effect. The hydraulic system is powered by means of an energy transmission comprising an energy receiving end 71 provided on the outer sleeve and an energy output end 72 provided on the centralizing sleeve 29 and rotating synchronously with the centralizing sleeve; the energy receiving end 71 and the energy output end 72 are in contact sliding friction electric transmission connection, or the energy receiving end 71 and the energy output end 72 adopt non-contact coupling induction electric transmission.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the technical scheme adopted by the present invention includes: the rotary steering drilling tool with the self-adaptive supporting structure is characterized by comprising a steering nipple, a bias control mechanism driving circuit, a gesture measuring circuit and the self-adaptive supporting structure;
The guide pup joint comprises a side pushing device and a drill bit 1, and the drill bit is arranged at the front part of the guide pup joint;
The adaptive support structure comprises a flexible shaft 2, a centralizing sleeve 6 and a fulcrum centralizer 26; the front part of the centralizing sleeve is connected with the front part of the flexible shaft, the connecting part of the front end of the flexible shaft and the centralizing sleeve adopts a coaxial connection mode, and when the flexible shaft performs self-rotation motion along the axis of the flexible shaft, the flexible shaft deforms under the action of the outward thrust of the guide pup joint side pushing device and simultaneously deflects along with the front part of the centralizing sleeve by taking the fulcrum centralizing device as a fulcrum;
The side pushing device comprises a side pushing piston accommodating space 61 and a side pushing piston 62, the side pushing device is arranged in front of the front end face of the centralizing sleeve, and the side pushing device applies acting force perpendicular to the axis of the guide pup joint under the drive of the bias control mechanism; the guide pup joint is connected to the front part of the flexible shaft, and deflects by taking the fulcrum centralizer 26 as a fulcrum; the side-pushing pistons 62 may push against the borehole wall directly or may transmit the pushing force to the borehole wall through other components.
An annular deformation space is arranged between the centralizing sleeve 6 and the flexible shaft, and the front end of the annular deformation space is terminated at the joint surface of the guide pup joint and the front part of the centralizing sleeve.
The annular deformation space formed between the centralizing sleeve and the flexible shaft is gradually enlarged from front to back to form a conical annular deformation space from the stress position of the annular deformation space in contact with the flexible shaft, and the stress position of the annular deformation space in contact with the flexible shaft is at least positioned in front of the forefront end of the fulcrum centralizing device.
The flexible shaft side wall is provided with an ultra-deep hole for realizing the electric connection between the guide pup joint and other circuits in the rear drill column, and an electric connecting wire 54 is penetrated in the hole and used for realizing the electric power and/or communication connection between the motor 41 and the bias control mechanism driving circuit 55, so that the bias control mechanism driving circuit 55 can control the motor to rotate. The deflection control mechanism comprises a motor 41, a rotary transformer 44, a rotary valve rotor 42 and a rotary valve seat 43, wherein the motor can drive the rotary valve rotor 42 to rotate relative to the rotary valve seat 43, and can periodically distribute high-pressure drilling circulation mediums in a drilling tool to a side pushing device to push against a well wall to achieve the guiding purpose. The rotary valve seat 43 is fixedly connected with the guide nipple body, the rotary valve seat 43 is provided with a plurality of valve positions which are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with the side pushing piston accommodating spaces 61, the valve positions are communicated with the corresponding side pushing piston accommodating spaces 61 through flow channels, the motor 41 is fixedly connected with the guide nipple body, the output end of a motor driving shaft is mutually coupled with the rotary valve rotor 42, the rotary valve rotor 42 can be driven to rotate relative to the rotary valve seat 43, the side pushing piston accommodating spaces 61 can be periodically communicated with water holes in a drilling tool, and high-pressure drilling fluid is obtained, so that the driving side pushing piston 62 periodically generates thrust.
The control circuit 56 stores a preset guiding direction, and the driving circuit 55 of the biasing control mechanism can control the motor to rotate along the direction opposite to the drilling tool, so as to control the driving side pushing piston 62 to push against the well wall in the opposite direction to the guiding direction, and the specific control method is not an innovation point of the present invention and will not be described herein. The control circuit 56 and the bias control mechanism driving circuit 55 may be implemented by one PCB board or two PCB boards. The preset mode of the preset guiding direction can be preset before the tool is put into the well or preset through a signal transmitted by the pressure change or the flow change of the slurry in the drilling process; the drilling fluid from the borehole of the drill string will generate a pressure drop when passing through the nozzle or the throttling structure, and the pressure drop is the working pressure difference of the side pushing piston 62, and the specific process and principle of generating the pressure difference are common knowledge in the art and are not described herein. The periodic communication means that the communication between the through flow channel and the driving hydraulic cylinder is periodically changed along with the rotation of the drilling tool, so as to ensure that the side pushing piston 62 in a specific sector obtains hydraulic pressure. The mutual coupling refers to a connection mode which can ensure that the driving motor rotor and the rotary valve rotor synchronously rotate, and the connection mode comprises but is not limited to splicing.
The driving circuit and the guiding control circuit of the bias control mechanism are arranged in the sealed pressure-bearing bin, and the sealed pressure-bearing bin is arranged in the drill collar above the flexible shaft.
The second attitude measurement circuit is arranged inside the flexible shaft or above the flexible shaft and at least comprises an accelerometer and a magnetometer which are arranged along the radial direction and is used for measuring the gravity tool face angle or inverting the gravity tool face angle through the magnetic tool face angle.
The rear part of the flexible shaft is provided with a second supporting point centralizer 27, or the outer side of other drill strings above the flexible shaft is provided with the second supporting point centralizer 27.
The difference between fig. 6 and fig. 5 is that the embodiment shown in fig. 6 is a lifting device of the embodiment shown in fig. 5, and further comprises a hinged sleeve 3 and a universal joint 32, the hinged sleeve is hinged at the front part of the guiding pup joint through the universal joint 32, the drill bit 1 is coaxially arranged with the hinged sleeve 3, the drill bit 1 is provided with the lower end of the hinged sleeve, the universal joint 32 is responsible for transmitting weight and torque, a pushing piece 63 is arranged at the outer side of the hinged sleeve, the pushing piece is a centralizer integrally manufactured with the hinged sleeve, and the side pushing piston 62 transmits thrust to a well wall through the hinged sleeve 3 and the pushing piece 63.
The above embodiments may correspond to a cylindrical annular deformation space or a conical annular deformation space in the implementation process. When the conical annular deformation space scheme is adopted, the contact stress position between the annular deformation space and the flexible shaft is preferably curved surface contact rather than point contact, and the specific curved surface radian of the curved surface contact is designed to be matched with the curved radian generated when the flexible shaft is stressed and flexibly deformed, so that the stress area is increased as much as possible, and the local pressure intensity is reduced when the flexible shaft is stressed and deformed.
The patent does not limit the type of rotary guide, whether the static bias rotary guide of the guide is realized through the outer sleeve or the dynamic bias rotary guide without the outer sleeve is in the protection scope of the patent;
When the drilling tool is used for drilling operation, the torque and the bending moment required in the working process are conducted by the flexible shaft, and the required bit pressure is conducted by the flexible shaft and/or the centralizing sleeve and the outer sleeve with the thrust structures through the spin torsion connecting mechanism. It should be noted that the technical innovation claimed in the present invention is the structural formation of the annular deformation space in the drilling tool and the effect thereof, and the transmission modes of torque, bending moment and weight on bit in the working state of the drilling tool and the corresponding structural changes of the drilling tool do not affect the technical scheme claimed in the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should not be limited thereby.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions easily contemplated by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. The rotary steering drilling tool with the self-adaptive supporting structure is characterized by comprising a steering nipple, a bias control mechanism driving circuit, a gesture measuring circuit and the self-adaptive supporting structure;
The guide pup joint comprises a side pushing device and a drill bit, and the drill bit is arranged at the front part of the guide pup joint;
The self-adaptive supporting structure comprises a flexible shaft, a righting sleeve and a fulcrum centralizer; the front part of the centralizing sleeve is connected with the front part of the flexible shaft, the connecting part of the front end of the flexible shaft and the centralizing sleeve adopts a coaxial connection mode, and when the flexible shaft performs self-rotation motion along the axis of the flexible shaft, the flexible shaft deforms under the action of the outward thrust of the guide pup joint side pushing device and simultaneously deflects along with the front part of the centralizing sleeve by taking the fulcrum centralizing device as a fulcrum;
the side pushing device comprises a side pushing piston accommodating space and a side pushing piston, the side pushing device is arranged in front of the front end face of the centralizing sleeve, and the offset control mechanism applies acting force perpendicular to the axis of the guide pup joint to the guide pup joint; the guide pup joint is connected to the front part of the flexible shaft, and deflects by taking the centralizer as a fulcrum;
An annular deformation space is arranged between the centralizing sleeve and the flexible shaft, and the front end of the annular deformation space is terminated at the joint surface of the guide pup joint and the front part of the centralizing sleeve; the annular deformation space formed between the centralizing sleeve and the flexible shaft is gradually enlarged from front to back to form a conical annular deformation space from the stress position where the annular deformation space is contacted with the flexible shaft, the stress position where the annular deformation space is contacted with the flexible shaft is at least positioned in front of the forefront end of the fulcrum centralizing device, the axial length of the annular deformation space is at least 30% of the distance from the lower end face of the drill bit to the first fulcrum centralizing device, and the outer diameter of the flexible shaft in the self-adaptive supporting structure is not less than 40% of the diameter of the drill bit and is used for transmitting torque and drilling pressure for the drill bit and bearing bending moment.
2. The drilling tool of claim 1, wherein the rear portion of the guide sub is provided with a centralizing sleeve mounting location for fixedly connecting the centralizing sleeve with the rear portion of the guide sub; the fixed connection comprises one or more of threaded connection, spline connection and pin connection; the inner diameter of the centralizing sleeve is larger than the outer diameter of any section of the flexible shaft at the rear position of the root.
3. The drilling tool of claim 1, wherein a clearance between the inner diameter of the rear portion of the centralizing sleeve and the outer diameter of the flexible shaft at a corresponding position of the rear portion of the centralizing sleeve is less than or equal to a displacement generated by flexural deformation of the flexible shaft in an elastic deformation range, or a diameter difference obtained by subtracting the outer diameter of the flexible shaft at the corresponding position from the inner diameter of the rear portion of the centralizing sleeve is 1 to 30 millimeters.
4. The drilling tool of claim 1, wherein the pilot nipple is a static offset pilot nipple, the pilot nipple comprising an outer sleeve and a central shaft, the drill bit being disposed at a forward top end of the central shaft, the central shaft passing through the outer sleeve for connecting the drill bit and transmitting drilling power;
the offset control mechanism and the side pushing device are both arranged in the wall of the outer sleeve and are arranged in front of the front end face of the centralizing sleeve along with the outer sleeve, the offset control mechanism is a hydraulic system, the side pushing device comprises a side pushing piston and a side pushing piston accommodating space, and the side pushing device pushes the pushing piece to push against the well wall to generate a deflecting effect through the piston; the hydraulic system is powered by an energy transmission member, and the energy transmission member comprises an energy receiving end arranged on the outer sleeve and an energy output end arranged on the centralizing sleeve and synchronously rotating along with the centralizing sleeve; the energy receiving end is in contact sliding friction electricity transmission connection with the energy output end, or the energy receiving end is in non-contact coupling induction electric energy transmission with the energy output end.
5. The drilling tool of claim 1, wherein a seal is provided between the rear of the centralizing sleeve and the flexible shaft for preventing debris in the annulus from flowing into the annular space between the centralizing sleeve and the flexible shaft.
6. The drilling tool of claim 5, wherein the seal is a seal tube; cambered surface contact is adopted between the sealing tube and the flexible shaft as well as between the sealing tube and the centralizing sleeve, and deflection can be generated between the sealing tube and the flexible shaft as well as between the sealing tube and the centralizing sleeve.
7. The drilling tool of claim 1, wherein the bias control mechanism comprises a motor, a rotary valve rotor, and a rotary valve seat, the motor being capable of driving the rotary valve rotor to rotate relative to the rotary valve seat, the motor being capable of periodically distributing high pressure drilling circulation medium within the drilling tool to the side thrust device for steering against the borehole wall.
8. The drilling tool of claim 1, wherein the articulated sleeve is articulated to the front of the guide sub by a universal joint, the drill bit is arranged in the front of the articulated sleeve, a pushing element is arranged outside the articulated sleeve, and the side pushing piston transmits the pushing force to the well wall by the articulated sleeve and the pushing element.
9. The drilling tool of any one of claims 1, 7 or 8, wherein the bias control mechanism drive circuit and/or the steering control circuit is disposed inside or above the flexible shaft; the bias control mechanism drive circuit is electrically connected to the flexible shaft via an electrical connection line disposed within the flexible shaft or in a wall of the flexible shaft when the bias control mechanism drive circuit is disposed above the flexible shaft.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110321614.XA CN115126422B (en) | 2021-03-25 | 2021-03-25 | Rotary steering drilling tool with self-adaptive supporting structure |
| PCT/CN2022/082831 WO2022199666A1 (en) | 2021-03-25 | 2022-03-24 | Rotary steering drilling tool having self-adaptive support structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110321614.XA CN115126422B (en) | 2021-03-25 | 2021-03-25 | Rotary steering drilling tool with self-adaptive supporting structure |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN115126422A CN115126422A (en) | 2022-09-30 |
| CN115126422B true CN115126422B (en) | 2024-05-31 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202110321614.XA Active CN115126422B (en) | 2021-03-25 | 2021-03-25 | Rotary steering drilling tool with self-adaptive supporting structure |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115126422B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2022199666A1 (en) |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN115126422A (en) | 2022-09-30 |
| WO2022199666A1 (en) | 2022-09-29 |
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