WO2023186055A1

WO2023186055A1 - Drilling tool, drilling method and drilling guiding method

Info

Publication number: WO2023186055A1
Application number: PCT/CN2023/085303
Authority: WO
Inventors: 徐梓辰; 杨忠华
Original assignee: 蓝土地能源技术有限公司
Priority date: 2022-03-31
Filing date: 2023-03-31
Publication date: 2023-10-05
Also published as: CN114718443A

Abstract

A drilling tool, a drilling method and a drilling guiding method are disclosed. The drilling tool comprises: a drill bit (1), a downhole motor, a force transmission mechanism (11), a control device (31) and an attitude measurement device. The downhole motor comprises a stator mechanism and a rotor mechanism, and the drill bit is connected to the lower end of the rotor mechanism. The force transmission mechanism and the attitude measurement device are both mounted to the downhole motor. The control device is electrically connected to the attitude measurement device, is disposed within a rotor of the downhole motor or above the downhole motor, and may control the force transmission mechanism to do radial motion according to a preset steering direction and attitude information measured by the attitude measurement device. The drilling tool solves the problem of difficult trajectory control caused by low drilling speed in drilling small boreholes, and a controllable trajectory three-dimensional drilling technology can be formed.

Description

Drilling tool, drilling method and drilling steering method

Technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas exploration, and in particular to a drilling tool, a drilling method and a drilling steering method.

Background technique

In small hole drilling, the drill bit rotates at high speed, which has the advantages of high efficiency and environmental protection. In order to achieve steering during the drilling process, an offset guide mechanism needs to be installed at the lower end of the drilling tool, and the offset guide mechanism is controlled to steer the drill bit in a predetermined direction. However, small wellbore space is small, and the offset steering mechanism usually needs to occupy a relatively large space, making it difficult to achieve steering in small wellbore drilling.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a drilling tool, a drilling method and a drilling steering method to solve the technical problem of difficulty in achieving steering in small borehole drilling.

The above objects of the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

The invention provides a drilling tool, which includes: a drill bit, a downhole motor, a force transmission mechanism, a control device and an attitude measurement device. The downhole motor includes a stator mechanism and a rotor mechanism, and the drill bit is connected to the lower end of the rotor mechanism;

The force transmission mechanism and the attitude measurement device are both installed on the downhole motor. The control device is electrically connected to the attitude measurement device. The control device can adjust the attitude measured by the predetermined steering direction and the attitude measurement device. Information to control the radial movement of the force transmission mechanism;

The control device is disposed above the downhole motor, or the control device is disposed inside the rotor mechanism.

In a preferred embodiment, the drilling tool includes a guide hydraulic cylinder and a control mechanism. The drill tool is provided with a flow channel that supplies driving fluid to the guide hydraulic cylinder. The control mechanism can be controlled by the control device. The flow of the driving fluid in the flow channel is controlled downward; the guide hydraulic cylinder is connected to the force transmission mechanism and can drive the force transmission mechanism to move radially.

In a preferred embodiment, the control mechanism is disposed above the rotor mechanism, or the control mechanism The control mechanism is arranged inside the rotor mechanism.

In a preferred embodiment, the stator mechanism includes a stator, and the control mechanism is installed above the stator.

In a preferred embodiment, the stator mechanism is used to connect with the drill string and can rotate driven by the drill string; the force transmission mechanism and the attitude measurement device are both installed on the stator mechanism.

In a preferred embodiment, the force transmission mechanism includes a sliding slope; the guide hydraulic cylinder can telescopically move along the longitudinal direction of the drilling tool and drives the force transmission mechanism to operate under the action of the sliding slope. Radial movement.

In a preferred embodiment, the flow channel is provided on the barrel wall of the downhole motor stator mechanism.

In a preferred embodiment, the guide hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the rotor mechanism; the rotor mechanism includes a rotor, and the flow channel includes a first flow channel provided on the rotor.

In a preferred embodiment, the control mechanism is installed above the stator, and the upper end of the rotor is connected to the control mechanism through a flexible tube.

In a preferred embodiment, the rotor mechanism includes a transmission shaft, the drill bit is connected to the rotor through the transmission shaft, and the flow channel includes a third flow channel that is provided on the transmission shaft and communicates with the first flow channel. Second-rate channel.

In a preferred embodiment, the rotor mechanism includes a flexible shaft, the transmission shaft is connected to the rotor through the flexible shaft, the flow channel includes a third flow channel provided on the flexible shaft, and the third flow channel The first flow channel, the third flow channel, the second flow channel and the guide hydraulic cylinder are connected in sequence. The flexible shaft is a flexible shaft made of high-toughness steel, a titanium alloy shaft, or a universal shaft.

In a preferred embodiment, an adapter bearing is provided between the guide hydraulic cylinder and the force transmission mechanism.

In a preferred embodiment, the control mechanism includes an electric drive actuator, a valve seat and a control valve core. The control valve core is connected to the electric drive actuator. The control valve core is connected to the electric drive actuator. It moves relative to the valve seat under the driving force of the valve to control the connection between the drilling circulating fluid in the water hole of the drill string and the flow channel.

In a preferred embodiment, the downhole motor is a screw motor, a downhole turbine motor or a downhole electric motor.

In a preferred embodiment, the stator mechanism includes a stator and a motor housing connected to the lower end of the stator; the rotor mechanism includes a rotor, a flexible shaft and a transmission shaft connected in sequence from top to bottom, and the motor housing is connected to the lower end of the stator. The transmission shafts are connected through bearing assemblies.

In a preferred embodiment, the control mechanism and the control device are both arranged in the rotor mechanism, and a diversion flow channel is provided in the rotor mechanism, and the diversion flow channel is arranged above the control mechanism, and the Drainage flow The lower end of the channel is connected to the control mechanism, and the upper end of the diversion channel is connected to the internal flow channel of the drill string above the downhole motor through the inflow hole.

In a preferred embodiment, the drilling tool further includes a rotary power transmission device, the rotary power transmission device includes a rotary power transmission rotor end and a rotary power transmission stator end, the rotary power transmission rotor end is electrically connected to the control device, and the rotary power transmission rotor end is electrically connected to the control device. The transmission stator end obtains electrical energy from the power source through the power supply line.

The present invention provides a drilling method using the above-mentioned drilling tool. The drilling method includes:

The stator mechanism rotates driven by the titanium alloy drill string;

The drilling tool is lowered to a predetermined steering position. When the attitude measurement device measures that the force transmission mechanism rotates to the opposite side of the predetermined steering direction, the control device controls the force transmission mechanism to extend to the well wall. To push the drilling tool to deflect in the predetermined steering direction.

In a preferred embodiment, the drilling tool includes a guide hydraulic cylinder, an electric drive actuator, and a control device. The electric drive actuator and the control device are connected through a driving cable. The drilling tool is provided with a driving cable threading channel. For transmitting power to the electric drive actuator through the drive cable, the electric drive actuator can regulate the flow of the drive fluid to the drive hydraulic cylinder under the control of the control device; the guide hydraulic cylinder and the The force transmission mechanism is connected and can drive the force transmission mechanism against the well wall or drive the drill bit to deflect.

In a preferred embodiment, the drive cable threading channel is provided inside the rotor mechanism, and the drive cable threading channel includes a threading hole or a threading groove; it also includes a control valve, and the electric drive actuator can be in the control device. Under control, the flow of the driving fluid to the driving hydraulic cylinder is regulated through a control valve; the guide hydraulic cylinder is connected to the force transmission mechanism, and the driving fluid can drive the force transmission mechanism against the well wall or drive the drill bit Deflection occurs.

In a preferred embodiment, the downhole motor stator includes at least two sections, including the downhole motor guide section and the downhole motor drive section. A motor drive section rotor is provided in the downhole motor drive section. The downhole motor The guide section and the downhole motor drive section are connected through a hinge structure. The downhole motor drive section and the drilling tool above it are connected by a hinge structure; a motor guide section rotor is provided inside the downhole motor guide section, and the motor guide section rotor and the The downhole motor driving section rotor is connected through a universal joint, the force transmission mechanism is arranged in the downhole motor guide section, the control device is arranged in the drilling tool above the downhole motor or in the downhole motor driving section rotor, and the driving cable or drive The fluid flow channel passes through the hinge structure and universal joint between the downhole motor drive section and the downhole motor transmission section; the drive cable is electrically connected to the control device and the electric drive actuator respectively, or the drive fluid The flow channel is connected with the control mechanism and the force transmission mechanism respectively.

In a preferred embodiment, it also includes a guide control section, the downhole motor drive section and the guide control section are connected using a hinged structure; a control device is provided inside the guide control section; the control device communicates with the control section through a drive cable. The downhole motor drive section is electrically connected to the electric drive actuator; the electric drive actuator and the force transmission mechanism are both arranged on the downhole motor guide section.

In a preferred embodiment, it also includes an electrically connected sliding connector and a flexible wire-passing tube. The electrically-connected sliding connector includes a fixed end of the electrically connected sliding connector and a rotor end of the electrically connected sliding connector; the flexible wire-passed tube Fixedly connected to the guide control section, the flexible line pipe is rotatably connected to the downhole motor drive section rotor through a centralizing structure; alternatively, the flexible line pipe is fixedly connected to the downhole motor drive section rotor and is connected to the downhole motor drive section rotor. The guide control section is rotatably connected through a centralizing structure; the centralizing structure is a centralizing surface or a centralizing bearing; the fixed end of the electrically connected sliding connector is electrically connected to the control device, and the rotor end of the electrically connected sliding connector is connected to the electric motor through a drive cable. Drive actuator electrical connection.

In a preferred embodiment, it includes several sub-sections, the length of which is smaller than the length of the downhole motor, and each of the sub-sections and between the sub-sections and the downhole motor are connected by a hinged structure, and the several sub-sections and The overall length of the downhole motor is greater than the length of the ultra-short radius well section drilled by the drilling tool.

The stator mechanism rotates driven by a series of flexible pup joints formed by a number of pup joints;

The invention provides a drilling guidance method, which includes: a force transmission mechanism installed on the lower end of a drilling tool;

The drilling tool is lowered to the predetermined steering position. When the force transmission mechanism rotates to the opposite side of the predetermined steering direction, the force transmission mechanism extends to abut against the well wall to push the drilling tool in the predetermined steering direction. deflection.

The characteristics and advantages of the present invention are:

(1) This drilling tool can achieve steering under high-speed compound drilling conditions. The downhole motor increases the speed of the drill bit; the downhole motor rotates with the drill string as a whole, so the direction of friction between the drill string and the well wall is generally the tangential direction of the drill string. , reduces the friction along the axis of the drill string, solves the problems of bottom hole drilling power, WOB torque transmission and steering, and can have a good technical effect on deep well drilling and branch well drilling;

(2) Use an downhole motor to speed up near the drill bit, and set up a force transmission mechanism at the stator end of the downhole motor. Since the electronic circuit is far away from the drill bit, the post-control mechanism and control device greatly reduce the impact of vibration on the small wellbore. The influence of the rotary guide motor enables efficient steerable drilling of small wellbore;

(3) The drilling tool uses the internal flow channel as a channel to transmit the driving fluid, and can make full use of the high-pressure drilling circulating medium above the motor to drive the steering actuator, which can generate great steering force and achieve good steering effects;

(4) This drilling tool can control the guide actuator on the motor housing. The guide actuator only rotates slowly with the motor housing, which greatly reduces the friction between the force transmission mechanism and the well wall, and greatly reduces the impact on the borehole wall. Wear of the guide actuator.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without exerting creative efforts.

Figures 1-2 are schematic structural diagrams of an embodiment of the drilling tool provided by the present invention;

Figure 3 is a partial enlarged view of position A in Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a partial enlarged view of B in Figure 2;

Figure 5 is a partial enlarged view of C in Figure 4;

Figure 6 is a partial enlarged view of D in Figure 4;

7-8 are structural schematic diagrams of another embodiment of the drilling tool provided by the present invention;

Figure 9 is a partial enlarged view of E in Figure 8;

Figure 10 is a partial enlarged view of F in Figure 9;

Figures 11-12 are structural schematic diagrams of another embodiment of the drilling tool provided by the present invention;

Figure 13 is a partial enlarged view of G in Figure 12;

Figure 14 is a partial enlarged view of H in Figure 13;

Figures 15 and 16 are schematic structural diagrams of another embodiment of the drilling tool provided by the present invention;

Figure 17 is a schematic connection diagram of the control device in the drilling tool provided by the present invention;

Figure 18 is a schematic connection diagram of the force transmission mechanism in the drilling tool provided by the present invention;

Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the highly flexible small hole drilling tool provided by the present invention;

Figure 20 is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the highly flexible small hole drilling tool provided by the present invention;

Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of another highly flexible small hole drilling tool provided by the present invention;

Figure 22 is a partial structural diagram of another highly flexible small hole drilling tool provided by the present invention;

Explanation of reference numbers:

33. Drive cable; 34. Inlet hole; 35. Drainage channel; 38. Drive cable threading channel

1. Drill bit; 31. Control device; 32. Attitude measurement circuit; 36. Rotating power transmission device; 361. Rotating power transmission rotor end; 362. Rotating power transmission stator end; 37. Power supply line;

2. Stator; 10. Motor housing; 5. Lower centering bearing; 6. Upper centering bearing;

3. Rotor; 4. Flexible shaft; 7. Transmission shaft; 8. Bearing assembly; 9. Through flow channel;

17. First flow channel; 15. Second flow channel; 16. Third flow channel; 29. Throttle hole;

22. Dynamic sealing mechanism; 21. Flexible pipe; 23. Flexible pipe flow channel;

11. Force transmission mechanism; 110. Sliding slope;

111. Thrust structure at the end of the force transmission mechanism; 112. Thrust structure at the piston end; 113. Adapter bearing;

120. Guide hydraulic cylinder; 12. Hydraulic piston; 13. Piston cylinder;

14. Reset mechanism;

250. Control mechanism;

25. Valve seat; 251. Rotary valve stator; 252. Valve seat with orifice; 24. Control valve inlet;

26. Control valve core; 261. Rotary valve rotor; 262. Valve stem;

27. Electric drive actuator; 271. Electric motor; 272. Angle position sensor; 273. Lead screw; 274. Electromagnet;

28. Return spring.

40. Articulated structure; 41. Universal joint; 42. Torque transmission structure; 50. Downhole motor guide joint; 51. Motor guide joint stator; 52. Motor guide joint rotor; 60. Downhole motor drive joint; 61. Motor drive joint Stator; 62. Motor drive section and rotor; 70. Guide control section; 71. Electrically connected slip ring; 711. Electrically connected to the fixed end of the slip ring; 712. Electrically connected to the rotor end of the slip ring; 72. Flexible wire pipe; 73. Over Line tube bearings.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Option One

The present invention provides a drilling tool, as shown in Figures 1 to 14 and 18. The drilling tool includes: a drill bit 1, an underground motor, a force transmission mechanism 11, a control device and an attitude measurement device. The underground motor includes a stator mechanism and a Rotor mechanism, the drill bit 1 is connected to the lower end of the rotor mechanism; the force transmission mechanism 11 is installed on the downhole motor; the attitude measurement device is installed on the drill bit 1 or the downhole motor, the control device is electrically connected to the attitude measurement device, and the control device can turn according to the predetermined steering direction and attitude The attitude information measured by the measuring device controls the force transmission mechanism 11 to move radially.

The downhole motor drives the drill bit 1 to rotate for drilling. The force transmission mechanism 11 rotates with the downhole motor, and the attitude measurement device can measure the real-time tool face height angle of the force transmission mechanism 11. During the steering process, when the attitude measurement device measures that the force transmission mechanism 11 rotates to the opposite side of the predetermined steering direction At this time, the control device controls the force transmission mechanism 11 to extend to abut against the well wall to push the drilling tool to deflect in a predetermined steering direction. The force transmission mechanism 11 performs rotational movement. By controlling the time of the extension movement of the force transmission mechanism 11, the drilling tool can be steered in various directions as needed; and, in the drilling tool, there is no need to arrange multiple implementations in the circumferential direction. It has a force transmission mechanism that can steer in multiple directions. Therefore, the diameter of the drilling tool can be relatively small and is suitable for small wellbore. It solves the technical problem of difficult steering in small wellbore drilling.

The force transmission mechanism 11 and the attitude measurement device can both be installed inside the underground motor or within 10 meters nearby. In some embodiments, the stator mechanism is used to connect with the drill string and can rotate driven by the drill string; the force transmission mechanism 11 and the attitude measurement device are both installed on the stator mechanism. During the drilling process of this drilling tool, the stator mechanism rotates at a lower speed driven by the drill string, and at the same time the rotor mechanism rotates at a higher speed relative to the stator mechanism. The two movements are compounded. The drill bit 1 is installed on the rotor 3, which improves the The rotation speed of the drill bit 1 enables composite drilling of the drill bit 1, which has great advantages in small hole drilling. When steering is required, the extension movement of the force transmission mechanism 11 matches the rotational movement of the stator mechanism, so that the drill bit 1 can turn in multiple directions under the action of the force transmission mechanism 11, thereby realizing the predetermined steering of the drilling tool as needed. direction steering. On the one hand, the stator mechanism drives the force transmission mechanism 11 to rotate; on the other hand, the rotation speed of the stator mechanism is low, which facilitates control of the telescopic movement of the force transmission mechanism 11 so that the telescopic movement of the force transmission mechanism 11 is consistent with the rotational movement of the stator mechanism. match. The attitude measurement device is communicatively connected with the control device. Specifically, the attitude measurement device is arranged within a range of 30 meters behind the drill bit 1; the attitude measurement device includes an attitude measurement circuit 32, and the attitude measurement circuit 32 generally includes an attitude measurement sensor and an attitude calculation circuit. The attitude measurement device can measure the real-time tool surface height angle of the force transmission mechanism 11 .

The force transmission mechanism 11 can move radially driven by a hydraulic cylinder or a motor. In some embodiments, the drilling tool includes a guide hydraulic cylinder 120 and a control mechanism 250. The drill tool is provided with a flow channel that supplies driving fluid to the guide hydraulic cylinder 120. The control mechanism 250 can regulate the flow in the flow channel under the control of the control device. drive the flow of fluid; The guide hydraulic cylinder 120 is connected to the force transmission mechanism 11 and can drive the force transmission mechanism 11 to move radially.

The control mechanism 250 can control the connectivity between the drilling circulating fluid in the drill string water hole and the flow channel, and the control mechanism 250 can be connected to the upper end of the flow channel. Specifically, it can control the connectivity between the drilling circulating fluid and the flow channel in the water hole of the drill string, generally by connecting or cutting off the communication between the two. The force transmission mechanism 11 and the guide hydraulic cylinder 120 constitute a guide actuator, and the guide actuator includes at least one guide hydraulic cylinder 120 . The steering hydraulic cylinder 120 includes a hydraulic piston 12 and a piston cylinder 13. The driving fluid released by the control mechanism 250 drives the hydraulic piston 12 to act, and further drives the force transmission mechanism 11 to push against the well wall to form a guiding force. The force transmission mechanism 11 can be the guide hydraulic cylinder 120 itself, for example, the force transmission mechanism 11 is the piston of the guide hydraulic cylinder 120; it can also be other components that can be driven by the hydraulic cylinder. Preferably, the guide actuator is disposed below the rotor 3 .

As shown in Figure 3, the force transmission mechanism 11 includes a sliding ramp 110; the guide hydraulic cylinder 120 can telescopically move along the longitudinal direction of the drilling tool and drives the force transmission mechanism 11 to move radially under the action of the sliding ramp 110. The drilling tool may also include a reset mechanism to assist the hydraulic piston 12 to return to its original position, or to assist the push mechanism to reset. Specifically, the reset mechanism may be an elastic structure, and the elastic structure includes a spring, a corrugated spring, a disc spring, and a liquid spring. The elastic structure can assist the hydraulic piston 12 to return to the dead center of its stroke. When the control mechanism 250 cuts off or blocks the fluidity between the water eye and the flow channel in the drill string, the pressure in the flow channel decreases, and the elastic structure can assist the hydraulic piston 12 to return to the dead center.

In some embodiments, the guide hydraulic cylinder 120 is fixed to the stator mechanism, and the flow channel can be provided on the stator mechanism. Specifically, the top mechanism includes the stator 2 and the motor housing 10 , and the flow channel can be provided between the stator 2 and the motor housing 10 . The inside of the cylinder wall forming a cylindrical structure.

In some embodiments, the guide hydraulic cylinder 120 is fixed to the rotor mechanism; the rotor mechanism includes the rotor 3 , and the flow channel includes the first flow channel 17 provided on the rotor 3 so as to utilize the space on the rotor 3 to arrange the first flow channel 17 . The control device 31 is electrically connected to the control mechanism 250 and can drive the control mechanism 250 to control the flow rate and pressure of the drilling circulating medium in the first flow channel 17 to drive the force transmission mechanism 11 to perform the steering action. Specifically, the control device includes a control circuit, through which the control function is implemented.

The force transmission mechanism 11 is driven by the guide hydraulic cylinder 120 to perform radial telescopic movement. The force transmission mechanism 11 is fixed to the stator mechanism, and the guide hydraulic cylinder 120 is fixed to the rotor mechanism. Then there will be relative rotation between the guide hydraulic cylinder 120 and the force transmission mechanism 11. In the drilling tool shown in Figure 3, through sliding The inclined surface 110 guides the hydraulic cylinder 120 to move axially, which can drive the force transmission mechanism 11 to move radially. The radial direction is in all directions outward from the axis. Through this structure, it is convenient to guide the hydraulic cylinder 120 and the force transmission mechanism 11 Connection and transmission.

The driving fluid may be mud in the water hole of the drill string. The first flow channel 17 is connected to the water hole in the drill string above the rotor 3 and is used to allow the high-pressure drilling circulation medium above the rotor 3 to flow in to transmit the control fluid required to drive the steering actuator. The control mechanism 250 can be disposed inside the first flow channel 17 or above the first flow channel 17 . The control mechanism 250 is used to control the opening and closing of the first flow channel 17 . As shown in Figure 2, the upper end of the first flow channel 17 is connected with the control mechanism 250. The control mechanism 250 is used to control the connection between the drilling circulating medium in the drill string water hole and the first flow channel 17. The hydraulic pistons 12 contained in a group of steering hydraulic cylinders 120 in the steering actuator move synchronously driven by the high-pressure drilling circulating medium in the first flow channel 17 .

The high-pressure energy contained in the high-pressure drilling circulating medium is the high-pressure energy caused by the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the drill string. High pressure is a throttling pressure difference of about 1-10 MPa produced by the throttling of the downhole motor. When the drilling circulating medium flows through the downhole motor and drill bit 1, a pressure drop will occur. The range of this pressure drop is generally 1-15 MPa. Therefore, the flow channel leads the high-pressure drilling circulating medium in the drill string water hole to the steering actuator. The difference in drilling hydraulic pressure inside and outside the drill string is used to drive the steering actuator to perform steering actions. The control mechanism 250 is arranged above the downhole motor, which is conducive to miniaturization of the drilling tool and is suitable for small wellbore.

In one embodiment, the stator mechanism includes a stator 2 . As shown in FIG. 2 , a control mechanism 250 is installed above the stator 2 . Specifically, the control mechanism 250 is fixedly installed inside the motor housing 10 . The control mechanism 250 is disposed above the rotor 3, as shown in Figures 2, 4 and 6. The upper end of the rotor 3 is connected to the control mechanism 250 through a flexible tube 21. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 14 , the flexible pipe 21 is provided with a flexible pipe flow channel 23 , and the control fluid guided by the control mechanism 250 enters the first flow channel 17 through the flexible pipe flow channel 23 . The flexible tube 21 is in sealing communication with the rotor 3 through a dynamic sealing mechanism 22 .

In one embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1-14 , the control mechanism 250 is disposed above the rotor mechanism; or, as shown in FIGS. 15-16 , the control mechanism 250 is disposed inside the rotor mechanism.

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the rotor mechanism includes a transmission shaft 7. The drill bit 1 is connected to the rotor 3 through the transmission shaft 7. The flow channel includes a second flow channel 15 provided on the transmission shaft 7 and connected with the first flow channel 17. The two flow channels 15 are respectively connected with the first flow channel 17 and the guide actuator. The first flow channel 17 is connected with the guide actuator through the second flow channel 15 and is used to drive the guide actuator. Specifically, the second flow channel 15 is provided inside the transmission shaft 7 . As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the rotor mechanism includes a flexible shaft 4. The transmission shaft 7 is connected to the rotor 3 through the flexible shaft 4. The flow channel includes a third flow channel 16 provided on the flexible shaft 4. The first flow channel 17 and the third flow channel 16 are arranged on the flexible shaft 4. The flow channel 16 , the second flow channel 15 and the guide hydraulic cylinder 120 are connected in sequence for transmitting the driving fluid released by the control mechanism 250 . The transmission shaft 7, the flexible shaft 4 and the rotor 3 are connected sequentially from bottom to top for transmitting rotational power to the drill bit 1. Preferably, the flexible shaft 4 is Titanium alloy flexible shaft 4, the third flow channel 16 is provided inside the flexible shaft 4. As shown in Figure 12, the transmission shaft 7 is provided with a through-flow channel 9. The drilling fluid in the drill string flows into the drill bit through the through-flow channel 9, and then is discharged into the wellbore through the drill bit.

As shown in FIG. 3 , an adapter bearing is provided between the guide hydraulic cylinder 120 and the force transmission mechanism 11 . The guide hydraulic cylinder 120 includes a hydraulic piston 12 and a piston cylinder 13. The piston cylinder 13 is nested on the outside of the transmission shaft 7. The hydraulic piston 12 is slidingly fitted in the piston cylinder 13. The hydraulic piston 12 communicates with the force transmission mechanism 11 through an adapter bearing 113. Connected, the driving fluid released by the control mechanism 250 drives the hydraulic piston 12 and then drives the power transmission mechanism 11 to push against the well wall through the adapter bearing 113 to form a guiding force. Specifically, the adapter bearing 113 includes a piston end thrust structure 112 and a power transmission mechanism end thrust structure 111 .

The control mechanism 250 can be any form of electronically controlled valve, and the electronically controlled valve can control the connectivity between the drilling circulating fluid in the drill string water hole and the first flow channel 17 . The control mechanism 250 includes an electric drive actuator 27, a valve seat 25 and a control valve core 26. The control valve core 26 is connected to the electric drive actuator 27. The control valve core 26 moves relative to the valve seat 25 under the driving of the electric drive actuator 27. It is used to control the connection between the drilling circulating fluid and the flow channel in the water hole of the drill string.

In one embodiment, the electronically controlled valve is an electric rotary valve, as shown in Figures 1, 2, 4 and 5. The electrically driven actuator 27 is a motor 271, the control valve core 26 is a rotary valve rotor 261, and the valve seat 25 represents the rotary valve stator 251. The rotary valve rotor 261 rotates relative to the rotary valve stator 251 driven by the motor 271, and is used to connect the drilling circulating fluid and the flow channel in the drill string water hole.

In another embodiment, the electronic control valve is an electric reversing valve, as shown in Figures 7-10. The electric drive actuator 27 is a linear drive motor, and the linear drive motor is a linear motor or a combination of the motor 271 and the lead screw 273. , the control valve core 26 is a valve stem 262, and the valve seat 25 is a valve seat 252 with a throttling hole; the valve stem 262 is driven by a linear drive motor in a straight line relative to the valve stator 251 and the valve seat 252 with a throttling hole. Movement can periodically change the throttling area of the throttle hole, which is used to connect the drilling circulating fluid and the flow channel in the water hole of the drill string.

In the drilling tools shown in Figures 1 and 7, the motor 271 includes an angular position sensor 272, and the angular position sensor is a Hall sensor or a rotary transformer.

In another embodiment, the electronically controlled valve is a solenoid valve, as shown in Figures 11-14. The electrically driven actuator 27 is an electromagnet 274, the control valve is a valve stem 262, and the valve seat 25 is a valve with a throttle hole. The valve seat 252; the valve stem 262 moves linearly relative to the rotary valve stator 251 under the driving of the electromagnet 274. The valve seat 252 with the throttle hole can periodically change the throttling area of the throttle hole, which is used to realize the drill string. The connection between the drilling circulating fluid and the flow channel in the water hole.

The downhole motor may be a screw motor, a downhole turbine motor, or a downhole electric motor. As shown in Figure 2, the stator mechanism includes a stator 2 and a motor housing 10 connected to the lower end of the stator 2; the rotor mechanism includes The connected rotor 3, flexible shaft 4 and transmission shaft 7, the motor housing 10 and the transmission shaft 7 are connected through a bearing assembly 8. The force transmission mechanism 11 is fixedly connected to the motor housing 10 or the stator 2. The force transmission mechanism 11 is used to transmit thrust to the well wall or drive the drill bit 1 to swing, so as to change the well trajectory. The motor housing 10 and the stator 2 can be integrally formed or processed separately.

As shown in Figures 7 to 14, the drilling tool is provided with a control valve inlet 24. High-pressure fluid flows into the upper part of the valve seat 25 through the control valve inlet. When the electromagnet is attracted, the valve stem is lifted by the electromagnet, and the high-pressure fluid passes through the valve seat. into the control channel. As shown in Figures 11 to 16, the control mechanism 250 includes a return spring 28. When the electromagnet is in a non-attracting state, the return spring 28 helps the valve stem to return to its original position. The first flow channel 17, the third flow channel 16, and the second flow channel 15 constitute a control flow channel. As shown in Figures 7 to 16, the drilling tool is provided with a throttling hole 29 connected with the control flow channel for exclusion control. There is insufficient fluid in the flow channel. When the valve stem is lifted by the electromagnet, since the flow rate flowing into the control flow channel through the valve seat is greater than the flow rate of the fluid discharged from the orifice, the control flow channel can drive the guide hydraulic cylinder to move. As shown in Figures 1 to 16, the drilling tool includes a lower centering bearing 5 and an upper centering bearing 6. As shown in Figure 16, the control mechanism 250 and the control device 31 are both arranged in the rotor 3. The rotor 3 is provided with a diversion channel 35. The diversion channel 35 is arranged above the control mechanism 250. The lower end of the diversion channel 35 is in contact with the control unit. The mechanism 250 is connected, and the upper end of the diversion flow channel 35 is connected with the internal flow channel of the drill string above the downhole motor through the inflow hole 34. The control device 31 and the control mechanism 250 are electrically connected through the drive cable 33 .

As shown in Figure 17, the drilling tool includes a rotating power transmission device 36. The rotating power transmission device 36 includes a rotating power transmission rotor end 361 and a rotating power transmission stator end 362. The rotating power transmission rotor end 361 is electrically connected to the control device 31, and the rotating power transmission stator end 362 passes through The power supply line 37 obtains electrical energy from a power source, which may be an underground turbine generator or a battery cylinder, or may also be a power source at the wellhead.

In the embodiment of the composite guide drilling tool provided by the present invention for highly flexible small hole drilling, as shown in Figures 19 and 20, the drilling tool includes a guide hydraulic cylinder, an electric drive actuator, and a control device 31. The electric drive actuator 27 is connected to the control device 31 through a drive cable 33. The drilling tool is provided with a drive cable threading channel 38 for transmitting power to the electric drive actuator through the drive cable. The electric drive actuator can be positioned at the desired position. The flow of the driving fluid leading to the driving hydraulic cylinder is regulated under the control of the control device; the guide hydraulic cylinder is connected to the force transmission mechanism and can drive the force transmission mechanism against the well wall or drive the drill bit to deflect. .

The drive cable threading channel is provided inside the rotor mechanism, and the drive cable threading channel includes a threading hole or a threading groove; it also includes a control valve, the control valve includes a valve seat 25 and a valve core 26, and the electric drive actuator can regulating the flow of the driving fluid to the driving hydraulic cylinder through a control valve under the control of the control device; The guide hydraulic cylinder is connected to the force transmission mechanism, and the driving fluid can drive the force transmission mechanism against the well wall or drive the drill bit to deflect.

The downhole motor stator includes at least two sections, including the downhole motor guide section 50 and the downhole motor drive section 60. The downhole motor guide section and the downhole motor drive section are connected through a hinge structure 40. The downhole motor drive section It is connected to the drilling tools above it by a hinge structure 40; the hinge structure transmits torque through the torque transmission structure 42 to avoid relative rotation of the drilling tools on both sides of the hinge structure; the downhole motor guide section 50 includes a motor guide section stator 51 and a motor guide Rotor section 52; the motor drive section 60 includes a motor drive section stator 61 and a motor drive section rotor 62; the motor guide section rotor and the motor drive section rotor both belong to the rotor mechanism; the motor guide section rotor 52 and the motor drive section rotor 52 The downhole motor drive section rotor 62 is drive-connected to the motor guide section rotor 52 through at least one universal joint 41. In this embodiment, the motor drive section rotor 62 is drive-connected to the motor guide section rotor 52 through two universal joints 41. The force transmission mechanism is arranged in the downhole motor guide section, and the control device is arranged in the drilling tool above the downhole motor or in the downhole motor driving section rotor, and the driving cable or the driving fluid flow channel passes through the downhole motor driving section and the downhole motor. The hinge structure and universal joint between the transmission joints; the drive cable 33 is electrically connected to the control device 31 and the electric drive actuator 27 respectively, or the drive fluid flow channel is connected to the control mechanism and the force transmission mechanism respectively.

As shown in Figures 21 and 22, in the embodiment of the composite guide drilling tool provided for small hole drilling according to the present invention, it also includes a guide control section. The downhole motor drive section 60 and the guide control section 70 are articulated. Structural connection; a control device is provided inside the guide control section; the control device is electrically connected to the electric drive actuator through the downhole motor drive section through a drive cable; the electric drive actuator and the force transmission mechanism are both Provided at the downhole motor guide section. It also includes an electrical connection sliding connector and a flexible wire passing tube 72. The electrical connecting sliding connector is an electrical connection slip ring 71. The flexible wire passing tube is a high elastic tube, a high plasticity tube, a rubber tube, and a universal shaft. The electrical connection slip ring includes an electrical connection slip ring fixed end 711 and an electrical connection slip ring rotor end 712; the flexible wire tube 72 is fixedly connected to the guide control section 70, and the flexible wire tube 72 is fixedly connected to the guide control section 70. The downhole motor drive section rotor is centrally connected through the centering bearing 73, so that the downhole motor drive section rotor can rotate relative to the flexible line pipe 72; the fixed end of the electrical connection slip ring is fixedly provided at the end of the flexible line pipe, and the electrical connection slip ring The ring rotating end is provided at the end of the downhole motor drive rotor; the electrically connected slip ring fixed end 711 is electrically connected to the control device 31, and the electrically connected slip ring rotor end 712 is electrically connected to the electric drive actuator 27 through a drive cable. .

When the present invention is used for ultra-short radius wellbore drilling, further optimized technical solutions can be used to achieve better flexibility and achieve quasi-radial precision targeted drilling. It includes a number of sub-sections, the length of which is Less than the underground horse The length of each sub-section and between the sub-sections and the downhole motor are all connected by a hinged structure. The total length of the several sub-sections and the downhole motor is greater than the length of the ultra-short radius well section drilled by the drilling tool.

During the ultra-short radius drilling process, the stator mechanism rotates driven by a series of flexible pup joints formed by a number of pup joints; the drill bit further accelerates and rotates driven by the driving joints.

This drilling tool can be applied to small wellbore, and the diameter of the small wellbore can be within 8.5in; especially for small wellbore within 6in, this drilling tool has great advantages:

(1) In order to solve the problem of difficult transmission of drilling pressure torque during drilling, the downhole motor is generally used to increase the rotation speed. However, if the rotary steering system is directly hooked under the motor rotor, due to the high rotation speed of the motor rotor, it will cause rotation The steering system fails; if the steering is achieved by setting a push device at the motor housing, the motor housing cannot rotate during drilling, which will cause serious back-on-bit pressure, and since the position and angle of the push device cannot be adjusted downhole, the problem The steering accuracy is poor; to address the above problems, this drilling tool can achieve steering under high-speed compound drilling conditions. The downhole motor increases the speed of the drill bit 1, and the downhole motor as a whole rotates with the drill string, so the direction of the friction between the drill string and the well wall It is roughly the tangential direction of the drill string, which reduces the friction along the axis of the drill string, solves the problems of bottom hole drilling power, weight on bit torque transmission and steering, and can have a good technical effect on deep well drilling and branch well drilling. ;

(2) In small hole drilling, there is no applicable dynamic offset steering mechanism. The diameter of the static offset steering mechanism is too large and the small hole space is limited. This drilling tool uses an downhole motor to speed up near the drill bit 1, and is set at the stator end of the downhole motor. In the force transmission mechanism 11, since the electronic circuit is far away from the drill bit 1, through the rear control mechanism 250 and the control device, the impact of vibration on the small wellbore rotary motor is greatly reduced, and efficient steering drilling of the small wellbore is achieved;

(3) During the drilling process, the drilling circulating medium drives the motor rotor 3 to move relative to the motor stator 2. A throttling pressure difference of 1-10 MPa will be generated between the upper part of the motor rotor 3 and the lower part of the motor rotor 3. The drilling tool passes through the internal As a channel for transmitting driving fluid, the flow channel can make full use of the high-pressure drilling circulating medium above the downhole motor to drive the steering actuator, which can generate great steering force and achieve good steering effects;

(4) During the composite drilling process, the motor housing 10 rotates with the drill string at a low speed of 30-120 rpm, and the drill bit 1 is driven by the downhole motor and can eventually reach 180-600 rpm. The drilling tool can rotate on the motor housing 10 The guide actuator is controlled by the guide actuator. The guide actuator only rotates slowly with the motor housing 10, which greatly reduces the number of force transmission machines. The friction between the structure 11 and the well wall will greatly reduce the wear on the guide actuator.

Option II

The present invention provides a drilling method that adopts the above-mentioned drilling tool. The drilling method includes: the stator mechanism rotates driven by the drill string; the drilling tool is lowered to a predetermined steering position. When the attitude measurement device detects that the force transmission mechanism 11 then When the downhole motor rotates to the opposite side of the predetermined steering direction, the control device controls the force transmission mechanism 11 to extend to abut against the well wall to push the drilling tool to deflect in the predetermined steering direction.

In this drilling method, the stator mechanism rotates at a lower speed driven by the drill string, and at the same time the rotor mechanism rotates at a higher speed relative to the stator mechanism. The two movements are compounded. The drill bit 1 is installed on the rotor 3, realizing composite drilling of the drill bit 1. , increasing the rotational speed of the drill bit 1, which has great advantages in small hole drilling. The force transmission mechanism 11 performs a rotational movement, and by controlling the time of the extension movement of the force transmission mechanism 11, the drilling tool can be steered in various directions as needed; thus, it is not necessary to arrange multiple drill tools in the circumferential direction to achieve multiple directions. A direction-steering force transmission mechanism 11 is conducive to reducing the diameter of the drilling tool and can be applied to small wellbore, solving the technical problem of difficulty in achieving steering in small wellbore drilling.

third solution

The invention provides a drilling guidance method, which includes: a force transmission mechanism 11 is installed on the lower end of a drilling tool; the drilling tool is lowered to a predetermined steering position; when the force transmission mechanism 11 rotates to the opposite side of the predetermined steering direction, the force transmission mechanism 11 extends to abut against the well wall to push the drilling tool to deflect in the predetermined steering direction. The force transmission mechanism 11 performs a rotational movement, and by controlling the time of the extension movement of the force transmission mechanism 11, the drilling tool can be steered in various directions as needed; thus, it is not necessary to arrange multiple drill tools in the circumferential direction to achieve multiple directions. A direction-steering force transmission mechanism 11 is conducive to reducing the diameter of the drilling tool and can be applied to small wellbore, solving the technical problem of difficulty in achieving steering in small wellbore drilling.

Option 4

The invention provides a drilling guidance method. The downhole motor stator includes at least two sections, including the downhole motor guide section and the downhole motor drive section. The downhole motor guide section and the downhole motor drive section are connected through a hinged structure. , the downhole motor drive section and the drilling tool above it are connected by a hinged structure; a motor guide section rotor is provided inside the downhole motor guide section, and the motor guide section rotor and the downhole motor drive section rotor are driven by a universal joint connection, the force transmission mechanism is arranged in the downhole motor guide section, the control device is arranged in the drilling tool above the downhole motor or in the downhole motor driving section rotor, and the driving cable or driving fluid flow channel passes through the downhole motor driving section. The hinge structure and universal joint between the downhole motor transmission section; the drive cable and the control cable respectively The control device and the electric drive actuator are electrically connected or the drive fluid flow channel is connected to the control mechanism and the force transmission mechanism respectively. By further disassembling and cleverly combining the motor structure and control system, it can achieve a higher deflection rate and better passability in small boreholes. It can realize three-dimensional targeted drilling drilling.

The downhole motor drive section and the guide control section are connected by a hinged structure; a control device is provided inside the guide control section; the control device is electrically connected to the electric drive actuator through the drive cable passing through the downhole motor drive section; The electric drive actuator and the force transmission mechanism are both arranged on the downhole motor guide section; the length of the motor drive section is 3-20 times the diameter of the drill bit, and the length of the downhole motor guide section and guide control section is 3-20 times the diameter of the drill bit. 2-15 times the diameter of the drill bit. When the aperture is small, such as 6 inches, there is obviously insufficient space for the circuit inside the rotor. Therefore, an independent guide control sub-section can be cleverly installed behind the downhole motor drive section to accommodate the circuit, which can better It solves a series of problems such as the control mechanism in the motor composite guide cannot be opened under the condition of small aperture and the circuit accommodation structure has insufficient pressure bearing.

When drilling under ultra-short radius conditions is required, in order to better realize the technical advantages of radial drilling, the present invention has made further technical improvements and developed the following technical solution. The solution includes a number of sub-sections, the length of which is less than the length of the downhole motor. Each of the sub-sections and between the sub-sections and the downhole motor are connected by a hinged structure. The total length of the several sub-sections and the downhole motor is longer than the length of the downhole motor. The length of the drilling tool used to drill the ultra-short radius well section. This solution has obvious technical effects when drilling ultra-short radius branch diameter or radial branch wells. The function of the motor can fully accelerate the rotation speed of the drill bit, compensate for the loss of drilling pressure caused by the friction between the flexible drilling tool and the well wall, and greatly improve the drilling efficiency of ultra-short radius controllable trajectory drilling.

The above are only a few embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the embodiments of the present invention based on the disclosure of the application documents without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

A drilling tool, characterized in that it includes: a drill bit, a downhole motor, a force transmission mechanism, a control device and an attitude measurement device. The downhole motor includes a stator mechanism and a rotor mechanism, and the drill bit is connected to the lower end of the rotor mechanism;

The force transmission mechanism and the attitude measurement device are both installed on the downhole motor. The control device is electrically connected to the attitude measurement device. The control device can adjust the attitude measured by the predetermined steering direction and the attitude measurement device. The information controls the radial movement of the force transmission mechanism;

The control device is disposed above the downhole motor, or the control device is disposed inside the rotor mechanism.
The drilling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the drilling tool includes a guide hydraulic cylinder and a control mechanism, the drilling tool is provided with a flow channel for supplying driving fluid to the guide hydraulic cylinder, and the control mechanism can The flow of the driving fluid in the flow channel is regulated under the control of the control device; the guide hydraulic cylinder is connected to the force transmission mechanism and can drive the force transmission mechanism to move radially.
The drilling tool according to claim 2, wherein the control mechanism is disposed above the rotor mechanism, or the control mechanism is disposed inside the rotor mechanism.
The drilling tool according to claim 2, wherein the stator mechanism includes a stator, and the control mechanism is installed above the stator.
The drilling tool according to claim 2, characterized in that the stator mechanism is used to connect with the drill string and can rotate driven by the drill string; the force transmission mechanism and the attitude measurement device are both installed on The stator mechanism.
The drilling tool according to claim 5, characterized in that the force transmission mechanism includes a sliding slope; the guide hydraulic cylinder can telescopically move along the longitudinal direction of the drilling tool and under the action of the sliding slope The force transmission mechanism is driven to move radially.
The drilling tool according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the flow channel is provided on the barrel wall of the downhole motor stator mechanism.
The drilling tool according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the guide hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the rotor mechanism; the rotor mechanism includes a rotor, and the flow channel includes a The first flow channel.
The drilling tool according to claim 8, characterized in that the control mechanism is installed on the stator. Above, the upper end of the rotor is connected to the control mechanism through a flexible tube.
The drilling tool according to claim 8, characterized in that the rotor mechanism includes a transmission shaft, the drill bit is connected to the rotor through the transmission shaft, and the flow channel includes a transmission shaft provided on the transmission shaft and connected with the The second flow channel connected to the first flow channel.
The drilling tool according to claim 10, wherein the rotor mechanism includes a flexible shaft, the transmission shaft is connected to the rotor through the flexible shaft, and the flow channel includes a third disposed on the flexible shaft. Three flow channels, the first flow channel, the third flow channel, the second flow channel and the guide hydraulic cylinder are connected in sequence.
The drilling tool according to claim 8, characterized in that an adapter bearing is provided between the guide hydraulic cylinder and the force transmission mechanism.
The drilling tool according to claim 2, wherein the control mechanism includes an electric drive actuator, a valve seat and a control valve core, the control valve core is connected to the electric drive actuator, and the control valve core The valve seat moves relative to the valve seat driven by the electric actuator to control the connection between the drilling circulating fluid in the drill string water hole and the flow channel.
The drilling tool according to claim 1, wherein the downhole motor is a screw motor, a downhole turbine motor or an downhole electric motor.
The drilling tool according to claim 14, wherein the stator mechanism includes a stator and a motor housing connected to the lower end of the stator; the rotor mechanism includes a rotor, a flexible shaft and a transmission connected in sequence from top to bottom. shaft, the motor housing and the transmission shaft are connected through a bearing assembly.
The drilling tool according to claim 2, characterized in that the control mechanism and the control device are both arranged in the rotor mechanism, a diversion flow channel is provided in the rotor mechanism, and the diversion flow channel is arranged in the Above the control mechanism, the lower end of the diversion flow channel is connected to the control mechanism, and the upper end of the diversion flow channel is connected to the internal flow channel of the drill string above the downhole motor through the inflow hole.
The drilling tool according to claim 2, characterized in that the drilling tool further includes a rotating power transmission device, the rotating power transmission device includes a rotating power transmission rotor end and a rotating power transmission stator end, the rotating power transmission rotor end is connected with the control The device is electrically connected, and the rotating power transmission stator end obtains electrical energy from the power source through the power supply line.
A drilling method, characterized in that the drilling tool according to any one of claims 1-17 is used, and the drilling method includes:

The stator mechanism rotates driven by the drill string;

The drilling tool is lowered to the predetermined steering position. When the attitude measurement device measures that the force transmission mechanism rotates to When on the opposite side of the predetermined steering direction, the control device controls the force transmission mechanism to extend to abut against the well wall to push the drilling tool to deflect in the predetermined steering direction.
A drilling guidance method, characterized by including: a force transmission mechanism installed on the lower end of the drilling tool;

The drilling tool is lowered to the predetermined steering position. When the force transmission mechanism rotates to the opposite side of the predetermined steering direction, the force transmission mechanism extends to abut against the well wall to push the drilling tool in the predetermined steering direction. deflection.
The drilling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the drilling tool includes a guide hydraulic cylinder, an electric drive actuator and a control device, the electric drive actuator and the control device are connected through a drive cable, and the drilling tool is configured There is a drive cable threading channel for transmitting power to the electric drive actuator through the drive cable, and the electric drive actuator can regulate the flow of drive fluid to the guide hydraulic cylinder under the control of the control device; the guide The hydraulic cylinder is connected to the force transmission mechanism and can drive the force transmission mechanism against the well wall or drive the drill bit to deflect.
The drilling tool according to claim 20, wherein the drive cable threading channel is provided inside the rotor mechanism, and the drive cable threading channel includes a threading hole or a threading groove; it also includes a control valve, the electric drive actuator The flow of the driving fluid to the guide hydraulic cylinder can be regulated through a control valve under the control of the control device; the guide hydraulic cylinder is connected to the force transmission mechanism, and the driving fluid can drive the force transmission mechanism against the well wall or deflection of the driven drill bit.
The drilling tool according to claim 1, 2 or 20, characterized in that the downhole motor stator includes at least two sections, including the downhole motor guide section and the downhole motor driving section, the downhole motor guide section and The downhole motor drive section is connected by a hinge structure, and the downhole motor drive section and the drilling tool above it are connected by a hinge structure; the downhole motor guide section is provided with a motor guide section rotor, and the motor drive section is provided with a motor drive section The rotor, the motor guide section rotor and the downhole motor driving section rotor are connected through a universal joint, the force transmission mechanism is arranged on the downhole motor guide section, and the control device is arranged on the drilling tool above the downhole motor or downhole. In the motor drive section rotor, the drive cable or the drive fluid flow channel passes through the hinge structure and universal joint between the downhole motor drive section and the downhole motor transmission section; the drive cable is connected to the control device and the electric drive execution respectively. The device is electrically connected, or the driving fluid flow channel is communicated with the control mechanism and the force transmission mechanism respectively.
The drilling tool according to claim 22, further comprising a guide control section, the downhole motor drive section and the guide control section are connected by a hinged structure; a control device is provided inside the guide control section; the control device The electric drive actuator is electrically connected to the downhole motor drive section by a drive cable; the electric drive actuator and the force transmission mechanism are both arranged on the downhole motor guide section; the length of the motor drive section is the diameter of the drill bit 3-20 times, the length of the downhole motor guide section and guide control section is 2-15 times the diameter of the drill bit times.
The drilling tool according to claim 20, 22 or 23, characterized in that it includes an electrically connected sliding connector and a flexible wire pipe, and the electrically connected sliding connector includes a fixed end of the electrically connected sliding connector and an electrically connected sliding connector. The rotor end of the piece; the flexible line pipe is fixedly connected to the guide control section, and the flexible line pipe is rotationally connected to the downhole motor drive section rotor through a centralizing structure; or, the flexible line pipe is connected to the guide control section. The downhole motor drive section rotor is fixedly connected and rotationally connected with the guide control section through a centralizing structure; the centralizing structure is a centralizing surface or a centralizing bearing; the fixed end of the electrically connected sliding connector is electrically connected to the control device, and the electrical connection The rotor end of the sliding connection piece is electrically connected to the electric drive actuator through a drive cable.
The drilling tool according to claim 1, 2, 20, 22 or 23, characterized in that it includes a plurality of sub-sections, the length of the sub-sections is less than the length of the downhole motor, and the length of each sub-section and the sum of the sub-sections are The downhole motors are all connected by a hinged structure, and the total length of the several sub-sections and the downhole motor is longer than the length of the ultra-short radius well section drilled by the drilling tool.