CN102913131A - Dynamic point-the-bit rotary steering drilling tool - Google Patents
Dynamic point-the-bit rotary steering drilling tool Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a dynamic point-the-bit rotary steering drilling tool. The dynamic point-the-bit rotary steering drilling tool comprises a rotary outer cylinder, a stable platform, a steering offset mechanism, a bit pressure transfer mechanism, a torque transfer mechanism, an upper support plate, a lower support plate, a drill shaft, a drill bit, a sealed corrugated pipe, a drill shaft connecting bearing and a conductive slip ring, and is characterized in that the rotary outer cylinder is used for directly applying bit pressure and torque on the drill bit and driving the drill shaft and the drill bit to rotate jointly, information of hole deviation angle and azimuth angle to be controlled can be calculated by a calculating unit according to a preset borehole trajectory parameter or a remote control command of a ground monitoring system, and precision control of bend angle, in particular to the hole deviation angle and the azimuth angle of the offset mechanism can be realized by adopting a geostationary control method of the stable platform and combining with working principles of a hydraulic drive piston and the steering offset mechanism.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the oil and gas well drilling technical field, particularly a kind of dynamic guiding type rotary steering drilling tool.
Background technology
Along with domestic and international most oil gas fields enter the exploitation middle and later periods in succession, the Reservoir Development difficulty strengthens gradually, the drilling strata characteristic is day by day complicated, in addition offshore oil, the successively probing of Offshore Oil gas field, coal bed gas field is had higher requirement to the drilling technologies such as extended reach well, horizontal well and multilateral well of routine.The rotary steerable drilling technology is the closed loop automatic well drill new technology at the development in recent years tip of getting up, and its appearance is a qualitative leap of world's drilling technology.
Down-hole rotary steering drilling tool system is divided into pushing type and directional type according to its guidance mode, working method according to biasing mechanism can be divided into again quiescent biasing formula and dynamic bias formula, from applicable cases, the deflecting ability of directional type rotary steerable drilling system does not rely on and the contacting of the borehole wall, be more applicable for large hole diameter or out-of-round oversized hole, soft formation, the unsettled sidetracking of bore hole of dead-soft bottom and interlayer etc., so that creep into the dog-leg degree and the lateral drilling deflecting ability greatly improves, help well is controlled at the optimum position of oil reservoir, improve wellbore quality, guarantee downhole safety.And wherein dynamic directional type rotary steerable drilling system rotates fully owing to its drilling assembly especially, it is smooth, regular to get out well, but and the Effective Raise rate of penetration, increase moment of torsion, regulate the pressure of the drill, give full play to bit performance, be subject to the welcome of many oilfield drillings company in the world wide.
The world-renowned petroleum technology Baker Hughes of service company, Schlumberger, Halliburton etc. have developed rotary steering drilling tool system separately.The units such as domestic Xi'an Petroleum University, Shengli Oil Field drilling well institute, CNOOC Research Center, China University of Geosciences, Southwest Petrol University, Liaohe Oil Field providence petroleum equipment company have also carried out the rotary steerable drilling technical research, have obtained successively certain achievement in research.Generally, rotary steering closed loop drilling technology still is in the fast-developing stage, and international competition is very fierce.Wherein dynamically the guiding type rotary steering drilling tool system is the acme of world today's drilling technology development, is representing the developing direction of high-precision directional drill well technology.
Chinese patent notification number CN 101586440A, open day on November 25th, 2009, the name of innovation and creation is called a kind of guiding type rotary steering drilling tool, and (this patent application also is the utility model patent mandate, notice of authorization number: CN 201450731U, May 12 2010 notice of authorization day), this application case discloses a kind of mechanics of surface characteristic that does not rely on the stratum, simple in structure, and can accurate and effective the guiding type rotary steering drilling tool system of control well track, it is quiescent biasing guiding type rotary steering drilling tool system in this system nature, urceolus did not rotate when its weak point was 1. described drilling tool work, and its action torque is less; 2. the guiding of described drilling tool realizes that by mandrel is crooked this guiding mandrel needs the alternating stresses of bearing high strength, and fatigue damage occurs easily.
Technically, dynamically the directional type rotary steerable drilling system is one and integrates closed loop automatic control system mechanical, electrical, liquid, and its deflecting ability does not rely on and the contacting of the borehole wall, and rotates to be technical characteristics fully with all parts of down-hole.
U.S. Patent number 6,109,372, March 15 1999 applying date, authorize day on August 29th, 2000, the name of innovation and creation is called the rotary steering drilling tool system (Rotary Steerable Well Drilling System UtilizingHydraulic Servo-loop) of servo apply hydraulic pressure circuit controls, this case discloses a kind of based on dynamic directional type rotary steerable tool, its urceolus directly drives biasing mechanism and then drives bit, the relative position of biasing mechanism and urceolus when controlling work by the uninterrupted motion of two groups of hydraulic drive piston of X-Y direction, to reach the purpose of sensing, its characteristics are at any time known accurately urceolus rotary speed, and the run location of two groups of hydraulic drive piston of servo-actuated control X-Y direction, the in addition high load capacity work of itself of simultaneous control of hydraulic drive piston displacement and urceolus rotating speed can increase the difficulty of accurate sensing control undoubtedly.
U.S. Patent number 6,092,610, February 5 1998 applying date, authorize day on July 25th, 2000, the name of innovation and creation is called the rotary steering drilling tool System and method for (Actively Controlled Rotary Steerable System and Method forDrilling Wells) of ACTIVE CONTROL, this case discloses a kind of dynamic guiding type rotary steering drilling tool system, its urceolus drives auger spindle and then drives bit, produce larger rotation torque, this case has proposed a kind of directional type guiding mechanism based on eccentric shaft simultaneously, its structure bent angle can change between the design maximum angle at 0 °, static by guaranteeing eccentric shaft geography, can constant structure bent angle value.Its characteristics are, when needing to adjust the azimuth when not adjusting the structure bent angle, to at first destroy the geographical inactive state of eccentric shaft, when treating that eccentric shaft turns to required orientation, make again its constant speed traceback urceolus rotating speed, this case is failed to know and is at length illustrated the eccentric hoop type of drive simultaneously, can't learn the eccentric stiffener details.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of dynamic guiding type rotary steering drilling tool and method for designing thereof, its rotation urceolus directly applies the pressure of the drill and moment of torsion to drill bit, drive auger spindle, drill bit rotate jointly, adopt simultaneously the geostationary control method of stabilized platform and in conjunction with hydraulic drive piston guide offset mechanical work principle, realize hole angle and azimuthal accurate control.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions above-mentioned purpose:
A kind of dynamic guiding type rotary steering drilling tool comprises rotation urceolus, stabilized platform, guide offset mechanism, load transfer mechanism, torque-transmitting mechanisms, upper and lower support plate, auger spindle, drill bit, conducting slip ring, seal bellows and a plurality of connection bearing.
The rotation urceolus is the thicker hollow ring body of a wall thickness, is driven by drilling rod and MTR the two or one, is used for applying larger the pressure of the drill and moment of torsion to drilling tool.
Stabilized platform places the rotation urceolus inner, comprise hollow cylindrical body, connection bearing, servomotor and supporting shaft coupling, the stabilized platform agent structure develops from the up-small and down-big Rotary-table of diameter, the upper end is stretched out longer, be connected and fixed by the lower supporting plate that is installed in the rotation urceolus and embedding bearing wherein, the lower end is the thinner hollow type cylinder of wall thickness, the connection bearing outside closely cooperates with the rotation outer tube inner wall, inboard stable connection main platform body, servomotor is installed on the upper backup pad of rotation urceolus, shaft coupling is used for connecting servomotor and stabilized platform main body, according to rotation urceolus rotation situation, the despining of driven by servomotor stabilized platform main body constant speed phase, lower maintenance is static over the ground in working order to make it.
Guide offset mechanism is positioned at the stabilized platform body interior, is comprised of three hydraulic drive piston that are mutually 120 ° of installations, and there is an auger spindle connection bearing central area that hydraulic drive piston surrounds.This auger spindle connection bearing is angular contact bearing, and its inboard closely cooperates with auger spindle top connector, and the outside directly links to each other with each hydraulic drive piston.Change the rectilinear motion displacement of hydraulic drive piston, will change the structure bent angle of auger spindle.
Load transfer mechanism comprises the pressure of the drill bearing ring, elastic washer, sphere thrust ring and spherical rotary ring, the pressure of the drill bearing ring is middle porose " recessed " shape column structure, its upper end places on the rotation outer tube inner wall concave station, the lower end contacts with the upper cardan ball cage cover of torque-transmitting mechanisms, directly carrying comes the pressure of the drill on the spinning urceolus, elastic washer, sphere thrust ring and spherical rotary ring all place the pressure of the drill bearing ring inner, connect successively, be installed with auger spindle in the load transfer mechanism, its upper end is fastenedly connected by bearing and the eccentric ducted body of interior eccentric hoop, the middle part is extended with cylindrical " protruding " platform and contacts with inner concave in the middle of the spherical rotary ring, to such an extent as to the pressure of the drill on the in the future spinning urceolus further is passed on the auger spindle, and then can be passed on the drill bit that is installed on the auger spindle front end.
Torque-transmitting mechanisms is positioned at the rotation urceolus bottom; comprise upper cardan ball cage, lower cardan ball cage, steel ball, key and for the protection of two collars of torque-transmitting mechanisms; upper and lower universal-joint Rzeppa agent structure is similar; it is a hollow circular cylinder; the inwall place is evenly equipped with 8 1/4 " concave spherical surface "; its just in time with auger spindle in addition 1/2 " concave spherical surface " form global face, be built-in with the high-quality steel ball.Dynamic torque is passed to up and down universal-joint Rzeppa by being distributed on urceolus eight " keys " on every side, then utilizes 8 major diameters " steel ball " in the mode of sphere-contact moment of torsion to be put on auger spindle, and then acts on the drill bit.
The impact of rotation status caused power supply and control signal on the stabilized platform servomotor when dynamically the conducting slip ring in the guiding type rotary steering drilling tool can not be subjected to stabilized platform work; And can realize with bellows as very important auger spindle upper and lower side sealing.
Dynamically guiding type rotary steering drilling tool also can comprise: be positioned at the drill collar of rotation urceolus top, to improve effect the pressure of the drill of rotation urceolus; Be positioned at the MTR of rotation urceolus top, to change the rotation torque of rotation urceolus; Be positioned at the turbine generator of rotation urceolus top, be used to this rotary steerable tool that the electric power support is provided.
For realizing flexible guiding and the smooth working of dynamic guiding type rotary steering drilling tool, the present invention also provides a kind of well track to this instrument servo-actuated and stable control method, characteristics according to the servo-actuated control of well track, employing contains the close-loop control scheme of fuzzy controller, with eliminate to a greater extent that drilling parameter changes in a big way and load disturbance on the impact of well track; Well track parameter or ground monitoring system telecommand are preset in tracking, calculate the information such as rate of penetration, hole angle and azimuth at different well depths place as the control system input variable; Consider measuring well oblique angle deviation, azimuth angle deviation, drilling speed deviation and each deviation variation rate, determine membership function and the control law of fuzzy variable, design the servo-actuated fuzzy controller of stabilized platform and hole angle, azimuth guiding module fuzzy controllers, improve the Fuzzy control system of the single output of many inputs, realize the control requirement to stabilized platform, guide offset mechanism and auger spindle.Compact conformation of the present invention, reasonable in design, easy to adjust, by its rotary drilling mode of dynamically pointing to, can the drilling process of horizontal well, extended reach well, high angle hole and Multilateral Wells etc. effectively be led, and can increase moment of torsion, adjusting the pressure of the drill, improve rate of penetration, give full play to bit performance, and then improve drilling efficiency.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing specific embodiments of the invention are described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is embodiment of the invention generalized section;
Fig. 2 is embodiment of the invention hydraulic-driven guide offset structural scheme of mechanism;
Fig. 3 is embodiment of the invention control loop block diagram;
Fig. 4 is the servo-actuated and stable control method structured flowchart of embodiment of the invention well track;
Drawing reference numeral: 1-drill bit, 2-inner sleeve, 3-outer sleeve, 4-sphere thrust ring, the 5-elastic washer, 6-rotates urceolus, 7-auger spindle connection bearing, 8-hydraulic drive piston linear slider, 9-lower supporting plate, 10-stabilized platform servomotor, 11-stabilized platform conducting slip ring, 12-upper backup pad, 13-control circuit mounting box, 14-stabilized platform servomotor shaft coupling, the embedded bearing of 15-lower supporting plate, 16-stabilized platform main body, 17-stabilized platform connection bearing, the 18-auger spindle, 19-the pressure of the drill bearing ring, 20-spherical rotary ring, 21-upper cardan ball cage, the 22-steel ball, 23-lower cardan ball cage, 24-seal bellows.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is further described clearly and completely.Obviously, the present invention is not subjected to the restriction of following embodiment, can determine concrete embodiment according to technical scheme of the present invention and actual conditions.Based on the embodiment among the present invention, those of ordinary skills should belong to the scope of protection of the invention not making the every other embodiment that obtains under the creative work prerequisite.
The embodiment of the invention provide a kind of for but be not limited to the dynamic guiding type rotary steering drilling tool in down-hole of natural petroleum gas field, a kind of biasing guiding mechanism based on stabilized platform and hydraulic drive piston particularly is provided.The guidance mode of this instrument is directional type, and the working method of guide offset mechanism is the dynamic bias formula.The rotation urceolus links to each other with drill string or drilling rod system in the embodiment of the invention, and drill bit links to each other with auger spindle; Stabilized platform makes itself and urceolus speed of rotation equal and opposite in direction by motor-driven, and opposite direction keeps geographical inactive state; There is hydraulic drive piston biasing guiding mechanism its inside, and in drilling process, urceolus rotates all the time, and moment of torsion and the pressure of the drill are passed to drill bit efficiently; By adjusting the flexible straight-line displacement of two groups of hydraulic drive piston in the guide offset mechanism, can realize that auger spindle center line and urceolus center line form the structure bent angle and change to design max architecture bent angle value from 0 °, and then reach the purpose at control well oblique angle; The angular displacement of relatively rotating urceolus by adjusting stabilized platform can make the auger spindle center line point to any control azimuth in 0 ~ 360 ° of scope in the four corners of the world.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of well track to this dynamic guiding type rotary steering drilling tool servo-actuated and stable control method, specifically comprise: according to control structure bent angle, hole angle and azimuth value, in conjunction with hydraulic drive piston guide offset mechanical work principle, calculate the straight-line displacement that each hydraulic drive piston need be moved, adopt simultaneously the servo rotary control algolithm, after adjusting hole angle and azimuth, keep stabilized platform and the over the ground inactive state of guiding mechanism of setovering, thereby reach the purpose of dynamic sensing.Technical scheme of the present invention is for the dynamic research and development of guiding type rotary steering drilling tool provide theoretical foundation.
In embodiments of the present invention, for convenience of description, the relative position relation of each parts all is described according to the layout of Figure of description, as above, upper/lower positions relation is to determine according to each component layout of Figure of description.
For guarantee situation in urceolus rotation be issued to one party to constant guiding and the effective communication of the pressure of the drill moment of torsion, special requirement when Design of Mechanical Structure: 1. the power drilling tool drilling speed is controlled by the urceolus drilling speed, will act on that moment of torsion passes to drilling tool on the urceolus; 2. guide offset mechanism rotates with stabilized platform, and can realize this drilling speed and urceolus drilling speed equal and opposite in direction, opposite direction; 3. guide offset mechanism should have flexibly hole angle and azimuth control structure; 4. in the situation that does not affect the power drilling tool drilling speed, guarantee that high the pressure of the drill, high pulling torque act on drill bit.
Fig. 1 is embodiment of the invention generalized section.This dynamic guiding type rotary steering drilling tool embodiment comprises rotation urceolus 6, stabilized platform, guide offset mechanism, load transfer mechanism, torque-transmitting mechanisms, upper backup pad 12, lower supporting plate 9, drill bit 1, auger spindle 18, stabilized platform conducting slip ring 11, seal bellows 24 and a plurality of bearings that are used for each rotation component position connection.
Specifically, stabilized platform places rotation urceolus 6 inside, comprise hollow cylindrical stabilized platform main body 16, stabilized platform connection bearing 17, stabilized platform servomotor 10 and supporting stabilized platform servomotor shaft coupling 14, stabilized platform main body 16 upper ends are connected and fixed by the lower supporting plate 9 and the embedded bearing 15 of lower supporting plate that are installed in rotation urceolus 6, the lower end closely cooperates by stabilized platform connection bearing 17 and rotation urceolus 6 inwalls, stabilized platform servomotor 10 is installed on the upper backup pad 12 of rotation urceolus 6, upper backup pad 12 is rotating on the urceolus 6 by interior hexagonal screw threads for fastening with lower supporting plate 9, and thereupon together motion; Stabilized platform servomotor shaft coupling 14 is used for stable connection platform servomotor 10 and stabilized platform main body 16, stabilized platform servomotor 10 drives stabilized platform main body 16 with respect to the 6 constant speed phase despinings of rotation urceolus, and lower maintenance is static over the ground in working order to make it.
Fig. 1 Lower Half has been described the pressure of the drill and the torque-transmitting mechanisms of the embodiment of the invention.Load transfer mechanism comprises the pressure of the drill bearing ring 19, elastic washer 5, sphere thrust ring 4 and spherical rotary ring 20 from top to bottom, the pressure of the drill bearing ring 19 is middle porose " recessed " shape column structure, its upper end places on the rotation urceolus 6 inwall concave stations, the lower end contacts with the upper cardan ball cage cover 21 of torque-transmitting mechanisms, and directly carrying comes the pressure of the drill on the spinning urceolus 6; Elastic washer 5, sphere thrust ring 4 and spherical rotary ring 20 all place the pressure of the drill bearing ring 19 inside successively, be installed with auger spindle 18 in the load transfer mechanism, its upper end is fastenedly connected with hydraulic drive piston mechanism by auger spindle connection bearing 7, the middle part is extended with cylindrical " protruding " platform and contacts with inner concave in the middle of the spherical rotary ring 20, to such an extent as to the pressure of the drill on the in the future spinning urceolus 6 further is passed on the auger spindle 18, and then can be passed on the drill bit 1 that is installed on the auger spindle front end.
Torque-transmitting mechanisms is positioned at rotation urceolus 6 bottom; comprise upper cardan ball cage 21, lower cardan ball cage 23, steel ball 22, connecting key 25 and for the protection of inner sleeve 2 and the outer sleeve 3 of torque-transmitting mechanisms; upper cardan ball cage 21 is similar with lower cardan ball cage 23 agent structures; be hollow circular cylinder; the inwall place is evenly equipped with 8 1/4 " concave spherical surface "; its just in time with auger spindle 6 relevant positions in addition 1/2 " concave spherical surface " form global face, sphere is built-in with high-quality steel ball 22.Dynamic torque is passed to upper cardan ball cage 21 and lower cardan ball cage 23 by being distributed on urceolus eight connecting keys 25 on every side, then utilizes 8 major diameter steel balls 22 in the mode of sphere-contact moment of torsion to be put on auger spindle 18, and then acts on the drill bit 1.
When creeping into, upper drilling string, the pressure of the drill and the power torque that comprise the generations such as drill collar, MTR all will put on the rotation urceolus 6, most the pressure of the drill wherein pass to elastic washer 5 successively by the pressure of the drill bearing ring 19,, sphere thrust ring 4 and spherical rotary ring 20, then act on the auger spindle 18, and fraction the pressure of the drill also finally acts on the auger spindle 18 through torque-transmitting mechanisms; Rock then passes to rotation urceolus 6 by auger spindle through spherical rotary ring 20, sphere thrust ring 4, elastic washer 5 and the pressure of the drill bearing ring 19 to most longitudinal resistances of drill bit when creeping into.Dynamic torque passes to upper cardan ball cage 21 and lower cardan ball cage 23 by being distributed on rotation urceolus 6 eight connecting keys 25 on every side, then adopts major diameter steel ball 22 moment of torsion can be put on auger spindle 6 in the mode of sphere-contact.Have benefited from the sphere-contact of sphere thrust ring 4 and spherical rotary ring 20, and upper cardan ball cage 21 and sphere 22 connected modes of lower cardan ball cage 23 with auger spindle 18, can in the efficient transmission of the pressure of the drill moment of torsion, realize clog-free rotary steering.
Fig. 2 has further described the hydraulic-driven biasing mechanism guiding principle of the embodiment of the invention.Guide offset mechanism is positioned at stabilized platform main body 16 inside, formed by three hydraulic drive piston 8 that are mutually 120 ° of installations, there is an auger spindle connection bearing 7 central area that described hydraulic drive piston 8 surrounds, can be by adjusting the straight-line displacement of each hydraulic drive piston, form the structure bent angle, there is the design maximum straight-line displacement in this straight-line displacement, this structure bent angle changes from 0 ° to the design maximum angle, structure bent angle design maximum angle and hydraulic drive piston 8 design maximum straight-line displacements determined to lead auger spindle 18 is from auger spindle connection bearing 7 lower surfaces to the torque-transmitting mechanisms designed distance of rotary middle point O.
The stabilized platform servomotor adopts hollow shaft type servomotor in the embodiment of the invention, leave hollow gap in the certain limit of this embodiment central axis, there is mud operation passage inside, from drill bit 1, eject after making mud move to drill bit 1 inside, then turn back to ground by the annular space between rotation urceolus 6 and the borehole wall.Especially, the mud sealing with lower cardan ball cage 23 can realize that with seal bellows 24 similarly, seal bellows also can be realized the good mud sealing effectiveness of auger spindle 18 and hydraulic drive piston as very important auger spindle 18.
The embodiment of the invention also can comprise: be positioned at the drill collar of rotation urceolus top, to improve effect the pressure of the drill of rotation urceolus; Be positioned at the MTR of rotation urceolus top, to change the rotation torque of rotation urceolus; Be positioned at the turbine generator of rotation urceolus top, be used to this rotary steerable tool that the electric power support is provided.
The embodiment of the invention also comprises the guide link for stable connection platform servomotor and control circuit board power supply and control signal wire, and this guide link is installed in upper backup pad 12 soffits.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a kind of control method for this dynamic guiding type rotary steering drilling tool.Be illustrated in figure 3 as embodiment of the invention control loop structured flowchart, mainly comprise ground monitoring system, up/down work the news system, with boring (MWD) measuring system and down-hole rotary steering drilling tool system four major parts.Whole system is comprised of inside and outside two large control loops, skin is by realizing ground monitoring and manual decision's pilot circuit with boring (MWD) measuring system, internal layer is down-hole rotary steering control loop, its guide track setting value can be the front how much default guide track parameters of going into the well, and also can be the geosteering trajectory parameters of determining by behind the MWD actual measurement formation parameter.Then be the core of rotary steerable drilling system in the wire frame among the figure---the dynamic guiding type rotary steering drilling tool in down-hole system.
Servo-actuated and the stable control method structured flowchart of embodiment of the invention well track as shown in Figure 4.Calculated hole angle and the azimuth information that to control by computing unit according to presetting the well track parameter, and desired structure bent angle value, and in conjunction with hydraulic drive piston guide offset mechanical work principle, further draw the linear running displacement and the relative anglec of rotation displacement of stabilized platform main body 16 with respect to rotation urceolus 6 of each hydraulic drive piston.For realizing this hole angle and azimuthal accurate control, adopt two closed loop controllers, wherein closed loop I realizes that mainly stabilized platform main body 11 follows the reverse constant speed control of rotation urceolus 6, realizes that its geography is static, and this is extremely important to accurate sensing control; It can adopt fluxgate, utilize the north and south polarity characteristics of geomagnetic field, change its circumferential variation magnetic field that records into the circumferential variation number of times, obtain rotating urceolus 6 rotating speeds, or employing laser gyro system, to eliminate the impact of magnetic drill collar, realize the rotation kinetic measurement, to rotate urceolus 6 actual speed measurement results and constantly be adjusted into servo-actuated tracking variable, the optional electric capacity of using, photoelectricity, the sensor of the different principle such as Hall, the difference between CW and CCW speeds of perception rotation urceolus 6 and stabilized platform main body 15 is different, utilizes fuzzy controller a to realize its accurately dynamically servo-actuated reverse constant speed tracking; In the closed loop II, adopt three axis accelerometer, magnetometer etc. can conveniently calculate real well oblique angle and azimuth; Utilize fuzzy controller b to realize respectively organizing the linear running displacement of hydraulic drive piston and stabilized platform main body 16 with respect to the accurate control of the relative anglec of rotation displacement of rotation urceolus 6, rotation speed change can be compensated by the fine setting increment unit after being positioned at below the closed loop I the hole angle that will control and azimuthal impact.
The technical method of the embodiment of the invention and scheme of machine design, can be under the prerequisite that does not affect drillng operation, in conjunction with hole angle and azimuthal measurement data, linear running displacement and the relative anglec of rotation displacement of stabilized platform main body with respect to the rotation urceolus when keeping the over the ground inactive state of stabilized platform, by adjusting each hydraulic drive piston, can realize the accurate control of dynamic directional type, the Effective Raise drilling efficiency, this embodiment can be widely used in the stratum of various mechanical characteristics, particularly soft formation, the dead-soft bottom.
Above embodiment only in order to the technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention to be described, is not intended to limit; Although with reference to previous embodiment the embodiment of the invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can be made amendment to the technical scheme that aforementioned each embodiment puts down in writing, and perhaps part technical characterictic wherein is equal to replacement; And these modifications or replacement do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution break away from the spirit and scope of each embodiment technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. dynamic guiding type rotary steering drilling tool, comprise rotation urceolus, stabilized platform, guide offset mechanism, load transfer mechanism, torque-transmitting mechanisms, upper backup pad, lower supporting plate, auger spindle, drill bit, seal bellows, auger spindle connection bearing and conducting slip ring, it is characterized in that: the rotation urceolus directly applies the pressure of the drill and moment of torsion to drill bit, drive auger spindle, drill bit rotate jointly, by changing stabilized platform with respect to the angular displacement of rotation urceolus, can make the auger spindle center line point to any control azimuth in 0 ~ 360 ° of scope in the four corners of the world.
2. dynamic guiding type rotary steering drilling tool as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: guide offset mechanism is positioned at the stabilized platform body interior, stabilized platform places the rotation urceolus inner, comprise hollow cylindrical stabilized platform main body, the stabilized platform connection bearing, stabilized platform servomotor and supporting stabilized platform motor coupler, stabilized platform main body upper end is connected and fixed by the lower supporting plate and the embedded bearing of lower supporting plate that are installed in the rotation urceolus, the lower end closely cooperates by stabilized platform connection bearing and rotation outer tube inner wall, the stabilized platform servomotor is installed on the upper backup pad of rotation urceolus, upper backup pad and lower supporting plate are rotating on the urceolus by interior hexagonal screw threads for fastening, and thereupon together motion.
3. dynamic guiding type rotary steering drilling tool as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: the stabilized platform motor coupler is used for stable connection platform servomotor and stabilized platform main body, stabilized platform driven by servomotor stabilized platform main body is with respect to the despining of rotation urceolus constant speed phase, and lower maintenance is static over the ground in working order to make it; Described stabilized platform servomotor is hollow shaft type motor.
4. dynamic guiding type rotary steering drilling tool as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: guide offset mechanism is three hydraulic drive piston that are mutually 120 ° of installations, there is an auger spindle connection bearing central area that described hydraulic drive piston surrounds, can be by adjusting the straight-line displacement of each hydraulic drive piston, form the structure bent angle, there is the design maximum straight-line displacement in this straight-line displacement, this structure bent angle changes from 0 ° to the design maximum angle, structure bent angle design maximum angle and the straight-line displacement of hydraulic drive piston design maximum determined to lead auger spindle is from auger spindle connection bearing lower surface to the torque-transmitting mechanisms designed distance of rotary middle point; Described auger spindle connection bearing is angular contact bearing, and its inboard closely cooperates with auger spindle top connector, and the outside directly links to each other with each hydraulic drive piston.
5. dynamic guiding type rotary steering drilling tool as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: load transfer mechanism comprises the pressure of the drill bearing ring, elastic washer, sphere thrust ring and spherical rotary ring from top to bottom, be installed with auger spindle in the load transfer mechanism, its upper end is fastenedly connected by the eccentric ducted body of auger spindle connection bearing and interior eccentric hoop, the middle part is extended with cylindrical " protruding " platform and contacts with inner concave in the middle of the spherical rotary ring, to such an extent as to the pressure of the drill on the in the future spinning urceolus further is passed on the auger spindle, and then can be passed on the drill bit that is installed on the auger spindle front end; Described the pressure of the drill bearing ring is middle porose " recessed " shape column structure, its upper end places on the rotation outer tube inner wall concave station, the lower end contacts with the upper cardan ball cage cover of torque-transmitting mechanisms, directly carrying comes the pressure of the drill on the spinning urceolus, elastic washer, sphere thrust ring and spherical rotary ring all place the pressure of the drill bearing ring inner successively, and the centre of sphere O of sphere thrust ring and spherical rotary ring is the guiding center of rotation of auger spindle.
6. dynamic guiding type rotary steering drilling tool as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: torque-transmitting mechanisms comprises upper cardan ball cage, lower cardan ball cage, steel ball, connecting key and for the protection of inner sleeve and the outer sleeve of torque-transmitting mechanisms; Described upper cardan ball cage and lower cardan ball cage agent structure are similar, be hollow circular cylinder, the inwall place is evenly equipped with 8 1/4 " concave spherical surface ", its just in time with the auger spindle relevant position in addition 1/2 " concave spherical surface " form global face, described global face is built-in with the high-quality steel ball, dynamic torque is passed to upper cardan ball cage and lower cardan ball cage by being distributed on urceolus eight connecting keys on every side, then utilize eight major diameter steel balls in the mode of sphere-contact moment of torsion to be put on auger spindle, and then act on the drill bit.
7. dynamic guiding type rotary steering drilling tool as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: described dynamic guiding type rotary steering drilling tool comprises the stabilized platform conducting slip ring that is used for stable connection platform servo motor power supply and control signal wire that is installed in the upper backup pad lower surface; The mud sealing of described auger spindle and auger spindle connection bearing can realize with seal bellows; The mud sealing of described auger spindle and lower cardan ball cage can realize with seal bellows.
8. servo-actuated and stable control method of the well track to dynamic guiding type rotary steering drilling tool, it is characterized in that: calculated hole angle and the azimuth information that to control by computing unit according to presetting the well track parameter, and desired structure bent angle value, and in conjunction with hydraulic drive piston guide offset mechanical work principle, and then control the linear running displacement of three hydraulic drive piston and stabilized platform main body with respect to the relative anglec of rotation displacement of rotation urceolus; For realizing this hole angle and azimuthal accurate control, adopt closed loop I, the two closed loop controllers of closed loop II; Utilize fuzzy controller a realization stabilized platform main body to follow the reverse constant speed control of rotation urceolus among the described closed loop I, realize that its geography is static, utilize fuzzy controller b to realize respectively organizing the linear running displacement and the accurate control of stabilized platform main body with respect to the relative anglec of rotation displacement of rotation urceolus of hydraulic drive piston in the closed loop II.
9. the servo-actuated and stable control method of well track as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that: adopt fluxgate, utilize the north and south polarity characteristics of geomagnetic field, change its circumferential variation magnetic field that records into the circumferential variation number of times, obtain rotating the urceolus drilling speed, select the sensor of electric capacity, photoelectricity, Hall different principle, the positive and negative drilling speed difference of perception rotation urceolus and stabilized platform main body.
10. the servo-actuated and stable control method of well track as claimed in claim 8 or 9, it is characterized in that: adopt three axis accelerometer, magnetometer etc. to calculate real well oblique angle and azimuth, drilling speed changes the hole angle that will control and azimuthal impact can be compensated by the fine setting increment unit after being positioned at below the closed loop I.
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| CN201510140405.XA CN104775803B (en) | 2012-10-19 | 2012-10-19 | A kind of well track to dynamic guiding type rotary steering drilling tool is servo-actuated and stable control method |
| CN201210402593.5A CN102913131B (en) | 2012-08-14 | 2012-10-19 | A kind of dynamically guiding type rotary steering drilling tool |
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| CN201210402593.5A CN102913131B (en) | 2012-08-14 | 2012-10-19 | A kind of dynamically guiding type rotary steering drilling tool |
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