CN112211556B - Static pointing rotation guiding device based on hydraulic principle - Google Patents
Static pointing rotation guiding device based on hydraulic principle Download PDFInfo
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- CN112211556B CN112211556B CN201910618510.8A CN201910618510A CN112211556B CN 112211556 B CN112211556 B CN 112211556B CN 201910618510 A CN201910618510 A CN 201910618510A CN 112211556 B CN112211556 B CN 112211556B
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- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 136
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
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- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a static directional rotary guiding device and a static directional rotary guiding method based on a hydraulic principle, wherein the static directional rotary guiding device comprises a deflection control mechanism and a quasi-static sleeve, the deflection control mechanism comprises at least 3 groups of pushing mechanisms which are circumferentially arranged on the wall of a biasing cylinder at intervals, and the pushing mechanisms arranged on the wall of the biasing cylinder can transmit thrust to the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve under the action of hydraulic pressure; the offset cylinder is connected with the central shaft through a follow-up centralizing bearing so as to transmit thrust along the radial direction of the central shaft to the central shaft through the follow-up centralizing bearing; the resultant force of the reaction force generated by the quasi-static sleeve to the offset cylinder through each pushing mechanism can drive the central shaft assembly to flexibly deform through the follow-up righting bearing, so that the lower end of the central shaft drives the drill bit to rotate in alignment with the static sleeve by taking the steerable connecting structure as the center. The invention forces the central shaft to flexibly deform by utilizing a hydraulic mode, and achieves the aim of changing the track of the well hole by changing the pointing direction of the drill bit, so that the dependence of the rotary steering drilling tool on the stratum intensity is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of drilling, in particular to a static directional rotary guiding device based on a hydraulic principle.
Background
At present, for drilling, when drilling, the direction of drilling is difficult to conveniently and accurately guide, and the common drilling guide device with eccentric structures such as a mechanical eccentric ring is low in guide precision, complex in structure and difficult in the process of drilling the well.
Therefore, the invention provides a static directional rotary guiding device based on the hydraulic principle, so as to solve the problems in the background art.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the static directional rotary guiding device based on the hydraulic principle is characterized by comprising a quasi-static sleeve and a deflection control mechanism, wherein a central shaft is arranged in the quasi-static sleeve in a penetrating way, and the quasi-static sleeve is rotatably connected with the corresponding position of the central shaft at least through a pair of bearing structures;
a movable gap is preset between the quasi-static sleeve and the central shaft, the deflection control mechanism is connected with the quasi-static sleeve, the deflection control mechanism and the quasi-static sleeve keep synchronously rotating, the deflection control mechanism comprises at least 3 groups of pushing mechanisms, the at least 3 groups of pushing mechanisms are arranged on a biasing cylinder at intervals along the circumferential direction, the biasing cylinder is arranged between the central shaft and the quasi-static sleeve, and a movable gap is reserved between the biasing cylinder and the quasi-static sleeve;
the pushing mechanism can move towards or away from the axis of the central shaft assembly, is in abutting connection with the quasi-static sleeve, and is arranged in the wall of the offset cylinder and used for transmitting pushing force to the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve under the action of hydraulic pressure;
the offset cylinder is connected with the central shaft through a follow-up centralizing bearing and is used for transmitting thrust along the radial direction of the central shaft to the central shaft through the follow-up centralizing bearing;
the quasi-static sleeve limits the rotation of the quasi-static sleeve by the friction force between the anti-rotation device and the well wall in the guiding process, so that the quasi-static sleeve and the well wall are kept relatively static in a general way.
Further, preferably, the lower end of the quasi-static sleeve is connected with the corresponding position of the central shaft in a rotatable way through a rotatable connecting structure, and is used for enabling a drill bit to rotate in alignment with the static sleeve by taking the rotatable connecting structure as a center, the drill bit is arranged below the central shaft, and the distance between the rotatable connecting structure and the drill bit is 0-1.5 m; the upper end of the quasi-static sleeve is connected with the central shaft through at least one centralizing bearing and is used for enabling a drill bit to rotate in alignment with the static sleeve by taking a steerable connecting structure as a center, the offset cylinder is arranged above the steerable connecting structure, the centralizing bearing is arranged above the offset cylinder, and the distance between the steerable connecting structure and the drill bit is 0-1.5 m;
further, preferably, the offset cylinder is connected with the quasi-static sleeve through a first rotation preventing mechanism, and the first rotation preventing mechanism is arranged between the offset cylinder and the quasi-static sleeve and used for limiting the relative rotation between the quasi-static sleeve and the offset cylinder by taking the well shaft as a rotation shaft;
the first rotation preventing mechanism at least comprises any one or combination of a hard pipe 42, a corrugated pipe, a slotted pipe, a perforated pipe, a metal plate and a metal rod, wherein any one or combination of the hard pipe 42, the corrugated pipe, the slotted pipe, the perforated pipe and the metal rod is respectively connected with the quasi-static sleeve and the offset cylinder, and is used for further transmitting torque transmitted to the offset cylinder by a follow-up righting bearing to the quasi-static sleeve, and the follow-up righting bearing can move along the radial direction of the offset cylinder along with the offset cylinder;
the first anti-rotation mechanism is a hard pipe, two ends of the hard pipe are respectively connected with the offset cylinder and the quasi-static sleeve through universal joints, the central shaft drives the drill bit to perform relative rotation movement with the offset cylinder in the rotation process, torque is generated on the follow-up centralizing bearing, and the torque is transmitted to the quasi-static sleeve through the hard pipe and the universal joints of the two sections of the hard pipe;
further, preferably, the number of the pushing mechanisms is 3-6, at least one pushing mechanism in each group corresponds to a set of hydraulic system, each pushing mechanism is used for providing hydraulic pressure for each group of pushing mechanisms, each pushing mechanism at least comprises a cylinder barrel structure arranged on the side wall of the biasing barrel and a driving piston arranged in the cylinder barrel structure, and the driving piston can move towards or away from the axis of the central shaft and can be abutted against the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve.
Further, preferably, the first rotation preventing mechanism comprises at least one hard tube connected with the biasing cylinder, and one end or two ends of the hard tube are provided with hinge structures; the rigid pipe is connected with the quasi-static sleeve through a hinge structure and is used for limiting the biasing cylinder to axially move relative to the quasi-static sleeve through the rigid pipe; the hard pipe at least comprises two torque locking structures, wherein the first torque locking structure is used for limiting the relative rotation between the hard pipe and the quasi-static sleeve, the well shaft is used as a rotation shaft, the second torque locking structure is used for limiting the relative rotation between the hard pipe and the offset cylinder, the well shaft is used as the rotation shaft, and the torque locking structures comprise but are not limited to a locking ball structure, a bolt structure and a thread structure.
Further, preferably, the hydraulic system is arranged in the wall of the quasi-static sleeve, the hydraulic system is connected with the pushing mechanism arranged in the wall of the offset sleeve through a hydraulic pipeline, and the hydraulic pipeline adopts a flexible pipe or a flexible hose and is used for transmitting the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic system to the pushing mechanism. The hydraulic system is arranged below the offset cylinder and is connected with the pushing mechanism in the offset cylinder by adopting a flexible pipe, or the hydraulic system is arranged above the offset cylinder and is connected with the pushing mechanism in the offset cylinder by adopting a flexible pipe.
Further, preferably, the hydraulic system at least comprises a motor, a pump and a throttle valve, the motor drives the pump to generate hydraulic power fluid, the hydraulic power fluid is pumped out from an outlet of the pump, flows through the throttle valve and flows back to an inlet of the pump, a pipeline between the pump outlet and the throttle valve is a power fluid pipeline, the power fluid pipeline is communicated with a cylinder barrel structure in a biasing barrel (51) and is used for transmitting hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic system to the bottom surface of a driving piston (52), the resultant force of hydraulic pressure formed by all driving pistons is in a range of 0-5 tons, the pistons arranged in the wall of the biasing barrel extend under the hydraulic action and are abutted against the inner wall of a quasi-static sleeve, and the resultant force formed by each driving piston drives the central shaft to flexibly deform, so that the central shaft below a stress point rotates with a steerable connecting structure as a center, and further the drill bit is deflected relative to the static sleeve along with the deepening of a well hole, and the aim of changing the track of the well hole is achieved.
Further, preferably, a second rotation preventing mechanism capable of contacting with the well wall and having a rotation preventing function is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the quasi-static sleeve, the second rotation preventing mechanism at least comprises a rotation preventing piston assembly, a piston capable of pushing the rotation preventing pushing piece to abut against the well wall is arranged in the rotation preventing piston assembly, or the piston arranged in the rotation preventing piston assembly is the rotation preventing pushing piece, and the second rotation preventing mechanism is connected with the hydraulic system through a hydraulic pipeline.
Further, preferably, the steerable connecting structure is a focusing bearing, the quasi-static sleeve is connected with the central shaft through the focusing bearing, a first centralizing bearing and a second centralizing bearing, the focusing bearing is arranged below the follow-up centralizing bearing, and the first centralizing bearing and the second centralizing bearing are arranged above the follow-up centralizing bearing;
the focusing bearing is a bearing with a centralizing effect, a thrust effect and a hinging effect, and an outer friction pair and an inner friction pair of the focusing bearing can relatively rotate by taking a central shaft as an axis or a drill bit below the central shaft can rotate by taking the focusing bearing as a center;
the energy transmission between the quasi-static sleeve and the central shaft is completed by means of an energy transmission piece, the energy transmission piece at least comprises an energy output end and an energy receiving end and is used for transmitting electric power, and the electric power is transmitted in a slip ring contact transmission mode or in a non-contact wireless energy transmission mode.
Further, preferably, the energy output end is electrically connected with the energy supply circuit through an electric wire, the energy output end is electrically connected with the pressure-bearing electric wire, the energy supply circuit is electrically connected with a second electric wire, the second electric wire is electrically connected with the pressure-bearing electric wire through a pressure-bearing contact pin, the pressure-bearing contact pin at least comprises a male contact pin and a female contact pin, the male contact pin is electrically connected with the second electric wire, and the female contact pin is electrically connected with the pressure-bearing electric wire.
Further, preferably, the energy transmission member is a wireless energy transmission member, and the energy output end transmits energy to the energy receiving end in an electromagnetic coupling mode; the energy supply circuit is an inverter circuit and is used for providing alternating current for the energy output end.
Further, preferably, the second anti-rotation mechanism, the offset cylinder, the hydraulic system, the electronic circuit accommodating bin and the bearing structure are respectively arranged in the static directional rotary guiding device based on the hydraulic principle from bottom to top; the energy transmission piece is arranged between the electronic circuit accommodating bin and the first centralizing bearing, or the energy transmission piece is arranged between the first centralizing bearing and the second centralizing bearing.
Further preferably, the offset cylinder and the quasi-static sleeve are connected to each other by a hinge structure, and the hinge structure is any torque-transmissible hinge structure including a universal joint.
Further, preferably, a second anti-rotation mechanism which can be contacted with the well wall and has an anti-rotation function is further arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the offset cylinder, the second anti-rotation mechanism comprises an anti-rotation piston assembly and an anti-rotation pushing piece, a piston which can push the anti-rotation pushing piece to be abutted against the well wall is arranged in the anti-rotation piston assembly,
the window is arranged on the outer side of the quasi-static sleeve, the anti-rotation pushing-leaning piece can penetrate out of the window arranged on the outer side of the non-rotating outer sleeve, and the anti-rotation pushing-leaning piece can be abutted against a well wall, so that the anti-rotation purpose is achieved.
The invention further provides a static directional rotation guiding method based on a hydraulic principle, which is characterized by comprising a quasi-static sleeve and a deflection control mechanism, wherein a central shaft is penetrated in the quasi-static sleeve, the lower end of the quasi-static sleeve is connected with the corresponding position of the central shaft in a rotatable way through a rotatable connecting structure and is used for enabling a drill bit to rotate in alignment with the static sleeve by taking the rotatable connecting structure as the center, and the upper end of the quasi-static sleeve is connected with the corresponding position of the central shaft in a rotatable way through at least one bearing structure;
a movable gap is preset between the quasi-static sleeve and the central shaft, the drill bit is arranged below the central shaft, and the distance between the steerable connecting structure and the drill bit is within 1.5 meters;
the deflection control mechanism is connected with the quasi-static sleeve, and keeps synchronous rotation with the quasi-static sleeve, the deflection control mechanism comprises at least one group of pushing mechanisms, the at least one group of pushing mechanisms are arranged on a biasing cylinder at intervals along the circumferential direction, the biasing cylinder is arranged between the central shaft and the quasi-static sleeve, and a movable gap is reserved between the biasing cylinder and the quasi-static sleeve;
the pushing mechanism can move towards or away from the axis of the central shaft assembly, is in abutting connection with the quasi-static sleeve, and is arranged in the wall of the offset cylinder and used for transmitting pushing force to the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve under the action of hydraulic pressure;
the offset cylinder is connected with the central shaft through a follow-up centralizing bearing and is used for transmitting thrust along the radial direction of the central shaft to the central shaft through the follow-up centralizing bearing;
the pushing mechanisms are abutted against the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve through applying hydraulic force to the pushing mechanisms, the quasi-static sleeve transmits reaction force to the biasing cylinder through the pushing mechanisms, the quasi-static sleeve generates reaction force to the biasing cylinder through the pushing mechanisms, the resultant force of the reaction force drives the central shaft assembly to flexibly deform relative to the quasi-static sleeve through the follow-up centering bearing, and the central shaft drives the drill bit to rotate relative to the static sleeve by taking the steerable connecting structure as the center.
Further, preferably, the number of the pushing mechanisms is 3-6, at least one pushing mechanism in each group corresponds to a set of hydraulic system, each pushing mechanism is used for providing hydraulic pressure for each group of pushing mechanisms, each pushing mechanism at least comprises a cylinder barrel structure arranged on the side wall of the biasing barrel and a driving piston arranged in the cylinder barrel structure, and the driving piston can move towards or away from the axis of the central shaft and can be abutted against the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve.
When rotary steering drilling is required to be realized, the larger the amplitude of the bias resultant force vector is, the larger the flexible deformation amount of the central shaft assembly relative to the quasi-static sleeve is, and the larger the angle of the central shaft driving the drill bit to rotate relative to the static sleeve by taking the steerable connecting structure as the center is, the higher the build rate is; the smaller the magnitude of the bias resultant force vector is, the smaller the flexible deformation amount of the central shaft assembly relative to the quasi-static sleeve is, the smaller the angle that the central shaft drives the drill bit to rotate relative to the static sleeve by taking the steerable connecting structure as the center is, and the lower the build-up rate is;
the magnitude and the direction of the biasing force can be controlled by adjusting the pressure value of hydraulic pressure of each group of hydraulic system, the magnitude and the direction of the biasing force the central shaft to deform against the biasing, and the drill bit is driven to rotate at a certain angle in the guiding direction by taking the steerable connecting structure as the center, so that the purpose of guiding drilling is achieved.
Further, preferably, in order to ensure stability during static directional rotation guiding operation based on the hydraulic principle, the direction of the thrust resultant force vector generated by each group of pushing mechanisms on the biasing cylinder is substantially coincident with the radial direction of the non-rotating outer sleeve.
During the rotary steering real-time rotary steering drilling operation, the hydraulic pressure generated by all hydraulic systems is larger than the annular pressure, so that all pistons arranged on the offset cylinder are abutted against the well wall with thrust not smaller than the maximum thrust percent.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the static directional rotary steering drilling device based on the hydraulic principle is simple in structure, can accurately and conveniently control and adjust the angle and the direction of drilling, and can accurately and conveniently drill and discharge the well.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a static pointing rotary steering device based on hydraulic principles;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a partial cross-sectional structure of a lower half of one embodiment of a static directional rotary steerable device based on hydraulic principles;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a partial cross-sectional structure of an upper half of one embodiment of a static directional rotary steerable device based on hydraulic principles
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a partial cross-sectional structure of a lower half of another embodiment of a static directional rotary steerable device based on hydraulic principles.
Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of the position of the biasing cylinder of one embodiment of a static directional rotary steerable device based on hydraulic principles.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 to 3 and 5, in embodiment 1 of the present invention, a static directional rotary guide device based on the hydraulic principle,
it comprises a quasi-static sleeve 6 and a deflection control mechanism 50, and is characterized in that a central shaft 20 is penetrated in the quasi-static sleeve 6, the lower end of the quasi-static sleeve is connected with the corresponding position of the central shaft 20 in a steering way through a steering connection structure 21, and is used for enabling a drill bit to rotate in alignment with the static sleeve by taking the steering connection structure as the center,
the upper end of the quasi-static sleeve is rotatably connected with the corresponding position of the central shaft 20 through at least one bearing structure 23; a movable gap is preset between the quasi-static sleeve and the central shaft, the drill bit 1 is arranged below the central shaft, and the distance between the steerable connecting structure and the drill bit is 0-1.5 meters;
the deflection control mechanism 50 is connected with the quasi-static sleeve, and keeps synchronous rotation with the quasi-static sleeve, the deflection control mechanism comprises at least 3 groups of pushing mechanisms 52, the at least 3 groups of pushing mechanisms are circumferentially arranged on a biasing cylinder 51 at intervals, the biasing cylinder is arranged between the central shaft and the quasi-static sleeve, and a movable gap is reserved between the biasing cylinder and the quasi-static sleeve;
the pushing mechanism 52 can move towards or away from the axis of the central shaft assembly, the pushing mechanism 52 is in abutting connection with the quasi-static sleeve, and the pushing mechanism arranged in the wall of the offset sleeve is used for transmitting pushing force to the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve under the action of hydraulic pressure;
the offset cylinder is connected with the central shaft through a follow-up centralizing bearing 22 and is used for transmitting thrust along the radial direction of the central shaft to the central shaft through the follow-up centralizing bearing;
in this embodiment, the offset cylinder is connected to the quasi-static sleeve through a first rotation preventing mechanism, and the first rotation preventing mechanism is disposed between the offset cylinder and the quasi-static sleeve, and is used for limiting the relative rotation between the quasi-static sleeve and the offset cylinder with the well shaft as the rotation axis;
the first rotation preventing mechanism adopts any one or a combination of a plurality of pins, key grooves, hard pipes 42, slotted pipes, perforated pipes, corrugated pipes, metal plates and flexible metal rods, and is used for further transmitting torque transmitted to the offset cylinder by the follow-up righting bearing to the quasi-static sleeve.
The number of the pushing mechanisms 52 is 3-6, at least one pushing mechanism in each group corresponds to a set of hydraulic system 54, each pushing mechanism is used for providing hydraulic pressure for each group of pushing mechanisms, each pushing mechanism at least comprises a cylinder barrel structure arranged on the side wall of the biasing barrel 51 and a driving piston 52 arranged in the cylinder barrel structure, and the driving piston can move towards or away from the axis of the central shaft and can be propped against the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve.
As a preferred embodiment, the first anti-rotation mechanism comprises at least one hard tube 42 connected with the biasing cylinder, and one or both ends of the hard tube are provided with hinge structures; the rigid pipe is connected with the quasi-static sleeve through a hinge structure and is used for limiting the biasing cylinder to axially move relative to the quasi-static sleeve through the rigid pipe; the hard pipe at least comprises two torque locking structures, wherein the first torque locking structure is used for limiting the relative rotation between the hard pipe and the quasi-static sleeve, the well shaft is used as a rotation shaft, the second torque locking structure is used for limiting the relative rotation between the hard pipe and the offset cylinder, the well shaft is used as the rotation shaft, and the torque locking structures comprise but are not limited to a locking ball structure, a bolt structure and a thread structure.
In the invention, the hydraulic system is arranged in the side wall of the quasi-static sleeve, and is connected with the pushing mechanism arranged in the wall of the offset sleeve by adopting a hydraulic pipeline, and the hydraulic pipeline adopts a flexible pipe 53 or a flexible hose.
In the rotary guide drilling process, the pistons arranged in the wall of the offset cylinder extend out under the action of hydraulic pressure and are abutted against the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve, and resultant force formed by the driving pistons drives the central shaft to flexibly deform, so that the central shaft below the stress point rotates by taking the steerable connecting structure as the center, the drill bit is further deflected in alignment with the static sleeve, and the aim of changing the track of the borehole is achieved along with the deepening of the borehole.
As a better embodiment, a second anti-rotation mechanism 30 which can be contacted with the well wall and has an anti-rotation function is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the quasi-static sleeve, the second anti-rotation mechanism at least comprises an anti-rotation piston assembly, a piston which can push the anti-rotation pushing piece to be abutted against the well wall is arranged inside the anti-rotation piston assembly, or the piston which is arranged inside the anti-rotation piston assembly is the anti-rotation pushing piece, and the second anti-rotation mechanism is connected with the hydraulic system through a hydraulic pipeline.
The steerable connecting structure 21 is a focusing bearing, the quasi-static sleeve is connected with the central shaft through the focusing bearing, a first centralizing bearing 23 and a second centralizing bearing 24, the focusing bearing is arranged below the follow-up centralizing bearing 22, and the first centralizing bearing and the second centralizing bearing are arranged above the follow-up centralizing bearing;
the energy transfer between the quasi-static sleeve and the central shaft is completed by means of an energy transfer member, and the energy transfer member at least comprises an energy output end 72 and an energy receiving end 71, and is used for transferring electric power in a slip ring contact transmission mode or a non-contact wireless energy transfer mode.
The energy output end 72 is electrically connected with the energy supply circuit 81 through an electric wire, the energy output end 72 is electrically connected with the pressure-bearing electric wire 73, the energy supply circuit 81 is electrically connected with the second electric wire 76, the second electric wire 76 is electrically connected with the pressure-bearing electric wire 73 through a pressure-bearing pin, the pressure-bearing pin at least comprises a male pin 75 and a female pin 74, the male pin 75 is electrically connected with the second electric wire 76, and the female pin 74 is electrically connected with the pressure-bearing electric wire 73. The energy transmission member is a wireless energy transmission member, and the energy output end 72 transmits energy to the energy receiving end 71 in an electromagnetic coupling manner; the energy supply circuit is an inverter circuit and is used for providing alternating current for the energy output end.
As a more preferred embodiment, the second anti-rotation mechanism, the offset cylinder, the hydraulic system, the electronic circuit accommodating bin and the bearing structure 23 are respectively arranged in the static directional rotary guiding device based on the hydraulic principle from bottom to top; the energy transmission member is disposed between the electronic circuit accommodation chamber and the first centralizing bearing, or the energy transmission member is disposed between the first centralizing bearing 23 and the second centralizing bearing 24.
Referring to fig. 3 to 5, in embodiment 2 of the present invention, a static directional rotary guiding device based on the hydraulic principle,
the differences between said example 2 and example 1 are described below,
the offset cylinder and quasi-static sleeve are interconnected by a hinge structure 41, which is any hinge structure including a universal joint.
The outer peripheral surface of the offset cylinder is also provided with a second rotation preventing mechanism which can be contacted with the well wall and has a rotation preventing function, the second rotation preventing mechanism comprises an anti-rotation piston assembly and an anti-rotation pushing piece, the anti-rotation piston assembly is internally provided with a piston which can push the anti-rotation pushing piece to be abutted with the well wall,
the window is arranged on the outer side of the quasi-static sleeve, the anti-rotation pushing-leaning piece can penetrate out of the window arranged on the outer side of the non-rotating outer sleeve, and the anti-rotation pushing-leaning piece can be abutted against a well wall, so that the anti-rotation purpose is achieved.
In addition, referring to fig. 1 to 5, the present invention provides a static directional rotation guiding method based on hydraulic principle, which is characterized by comprising a quasi-static sleeve 6 and a deflection control mechanism 50, wherein a central shaft 20 is penetrated in the quasi-static sleeve 6, the lower end of the quasi-static sleeve is rotatably connected with the corresponding position of the central shaft 20 through a rotatable connection structure 21, and is used for enabling a drill bit to rotate in alignment with the static sleeve by taking the rotatable connection structure as a center, and the upper end of the quasi-static sleeve is rotatably connected with the corresponding position of the central shaft 20 through at least one bearing structure 23;
a movable gap is preset between the quasi-static sleeve and the central shaft, the drill bit 1 is arranged below the central shaft, and the distance between the steerable connecting structure and the drill bit is 0-1.5 meters;
the deflection control mechanism 50 is connected with the quasi-static sleeve, and keeps synchronous rotation with the quasi-static sleeve, the deflection control mechanism comprises at least 3 groups of pushing mechanisms 52, the at least 3 groups of pushing mechanisms are circumferentially arranged on a biasing cylinder 51 at intervals, the biasing cylinder is arranged between the central shaft and the quasi-static sleeve, and a movable gap is reserved between the biasing cylinder and the quasi-static sleeve;
the pushing mechanism 52 can move towards or away from the axis of the central shaft assembly, the pushing mechanism 52 is in abutting connection with the quasi-static sleeve, and the pushing mechanism arranged in the wall of the offset sleeve is used for transmitting pushing force to the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve under the action of hydraulic pressure;
the offset cylinder is connected with the central shaft through a follow-up centralizing bearing 22 and is used for transmitting thrust along the radial direction of the central shaft to the central shaft through the follow-up centralizing bearing;
and hydraulic pressure is applied to each pushing mechanism through a hydraulic system, so that the pushing mechanisms are abutted against the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve, the quasi-static sleeve generates a reaction force to the biasing cylinder through each pushing mechanism, the resultant force of the reaction force drives the central shaft assembly to flexibly deform relative to the quasi-static sleeve through the follow-up righting bearing, and the central shaft drives the drill bit to rotate relative to the static sleeve by taking the steerable connecting structure as the center.
The number of the pushing mechanisms 52 is 3-6, at least one pushing mechanism in each group corresponds to a set of hydraulic system 54, each pushing mechanism is used for providing hydraulic pressure for each group of pushing mechanisms, each pushing mechanism at least comprises a cylinder barrel structure arranged on the side wall of the biasing barrel 51 and a driving piston 52 arranged in the cylinder barrel structure, and the driving piston can move towards or away from the axis of the central shaft and can be propped against the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve.
When rotary steering drilling is required to be realized, the larger the amplitude of the bias resultant force vector applied to the central shaft by the deflection control mechanism is, the larger the flexible deformation amount of the central shaft assembly relative to the quasi-static sleeve is, the larger the angle that the central shaft drives the drill bit to rotate relative to the static sleeve by taking the steerable connecting structure as the center is, the stronger the deflecting capability is, and the higher the deflecting rate is; conversely, the smaller the magnitude of the bias resultant force vector applied to the central shaft by the deflection control mechanism, the smaller the flexible deformation amount of the central shaft assembly relative to the quasi-static sleeve, the smaller the angle that the central shaft drives the drill bit to rotate relative to the static sleeve by taking the steerable connecting structure as the center, the weaker the deflecting capability and the lower the deflecting rate;
the magnitude and the direction of the biasing force applied to the central shaft are controlled by adjusting the magnitude of the hydraulic pressure of each group of hydraulic systems, the central shaft is forced to resist the biasing deformation by the magnitude and the direction of the biasing force, and the drill bit is driven to rotate at a certain angle in the guiding direction by taking the steerable connecting structure as the center, so that the purpose of guiding drilling is achieved. The direction of the resultant force of the biasing force is controlled to be opposite to the guiding direction, so that the central axis is deformed in the opposite direction of the guiding direction, and the purpose of controlling the guiding direction is achieved.
In order to ensure the stability during the static pointing rotation guiding operation based on the hydraulic principle, the direction of the thrust resultant force vector generated by each group of pushing mechanisms on the biasing cylinder is generally coincident with the radial direction of the non-rotating outer sleeve.
During the rotary steering real-time rotary steering drilling operation, the hydraulic pressure generated by all hydraulic systems is larger than the annular pressure, so that all pistons arranged on the offset cylinder are abutted against the well wall with a thrust force which is not smaller than 3% of the maximum thrust force.
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical solution of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (17)
1. The static directional rotary guiding device based on the hydraulic principle is characterized by comprising a quasi-static sleeve (6) and a deflection control mechanism, wherein a central shaft (20) is arranged in the quasi-static sleeve (6) in a penetrating way, and the quasi-static sleeve is connected with the central shaft (20) at least through a pair of bearing structures; a gap is preset between the quasi-static sleeve and the central shaft and is used for providing a deformation space for the central shaft when the central shaft deflects under the control of the deflection control mechanism, and the drill bit (1) is arranged below the central shaft; the deflection control mechanism is connected with the quasi-static sleeve, and keeps synchronous rotation with the quasi-static sleeve, the deflection control mechanism comprises at least 3 groups of pushing mechanisms (52), the at least 3 groups of pushing mechanisms are arranged on a biasing cylinder (51) at intervals along the circumferential direction, the biasing cylinder is arranged between the central shaft and the quasi-static sleeve, and a movable gap is reserved between the biasing cylinder and the quasi-static sleeve; the pushing mechanism (52) is arranged on the wall of the offset cylinder and used for propping against the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve under the action of hydraulic pressure to transmit pushing force to the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve; the offset cylinder is connected with the central shaft through a follow-up centralizing bearing (22) and is used for transmitting thrust along the radial direction of the central shaft to the central shaft through the follow-up centralizing bearing; the offset cylinder is connected with the quasi-static sleeve through a first rotation preventing mechanism, and the first rotation preventing mechanism is arranged between the offset cylinder and the quasi-static sleeve and used for limiting the relative rotation between the quasi-static sleeve and the offset cylinder by taking the well shaft as a rotation shaft.
2. A static directional rotary steerable device according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower end of the quasi-static sleeve is connected with the lower part of the central shaft (20) in a steerable way through a steerable connecting structure (21), the upper end of the quasi-static sleeve is connected with the central shaft through at least one bearing structure for enabling the drill bit to rotate in alignment with the static sleeve centering around the steerable connecting structure, the bearing structure comprises a first centralizing bearing (23), the offset cylinder is arranged above the steerable connecting structure, the first centralizing bearing (23) is arranged above the offset cylinder (51), and the steerable connecting structure is 0-1.5 meters away from the drill bit.
3. The static pointing rotation guide device based on the hydraulic principle according to claim 1, wherein the first rotation preventing mechanism at least comprises any one or a combination of a hard tube, a corrugated tube, a slit tube, a perforated tube, a metal plate and a metal rod, and is respectively connected with the quasi-static sleeve and the offset cylinder, and is used for further transmitting torque transmitted to the offset cylinder by the servo righting bearing to the quasi-static sleeve.
4. A static pointing rotation guide based on hydraulic principle according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of the pushing mechanisms (52) is 3-6 groups, at least one pushing mechanism in each group, each group of pushing mechanisms corresponds to a set of hydraulic systems (54) respectively and is used for providing hydraulic pressure for each group of pushing mechanisms respectively, each pushing mechanism at least comprises a cylinder structure arranged on the side wall of the biasing cylinder (51) and a driving piston arranged in the cylinder structure, and the driving piston can move towards or away from the axis of the central shaft and can be abutted against the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve.
5. The static directional rotary guiding device based on the hydraulic principle according to claim 1, wherein the first anti-rotation mechanism comprises at least one hard tube (42) connected with the biasing cylinder, the hard tube at least comprises two torsion locking structures, the first torsion locking structure is used for limiting the relative rotation between the hard tube and the quasi-static sleeve, which takes a well axis as a rotation axis, the second torsion locking structure is used for limiting the relative rotation between the hard tube and the biasing cylinder, which takes the well axis as a rotation axis, and the torsion locking structure is any one or combination of a lock ball structure, a key slot structure, a bolt structure, a thread structure and a ball cage structure.
6. The static directional rotary guiding device based on hydraulic principle according to claim 4, wherein the hydraulic system is arranged in the wall of the quasi-static sleeve, the hydraulic system is connected with the pushing mechanism arranged in the wall of the biasing sleeve by adopting a hydraulic pipeline for transmitting the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic system to the pushing mechanism, the hydraulic pipeline adopts a flexible pipe (53) or a flexible pipe, and the hydraulic system is a hydraulic system capable of independently adjusting the hydraulic pressure and is used for providing different hydraulic pressures for each group of pushing mechanisms.
7. The static directional rotary guiding device based on hydraulic principle according to claim 4, wherein the hydraulic system at least comprises a motor, a pump and a throttle valve, the motor drives the pump to generate hydraulic power fluid, the hydraulic power fluid is pumped out from an outlet of the pump, flows through the throttle valve and flows back to an inlet of the pump, a pipeline between the outlet of the pump and the throttle valve is a power fluid pipeline, the power fluid pipeline is communicated with a cylinder structure in a biasing cylinder (51) and is used for transmitting hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic system to the bottom surface of a driving piston, the resultant force of hydraulic pressure formed by all driving pistons is in a range of 0-5 tons, and the resultant force formed by the driving pistons drives the central shaft to flexibly deform, so that the central shaft below a stress point rotates around a steerable connecting structure.
8. The static directional rotation guiding device based on the hydraulic principle according to claim 2, wherein a second rotation preventing mechanism (30) capable of contacting with a well wall and having a rotation preventing function is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the quasi-static sleeve, the second rotation preventing mechanism at least comprises an anti-rotation piston assembly, a piston capable of pushing an anti-rotation pushing piece to abut against the well wall is arranged in the anti-rotation piston assembly, or the piston arranged in the anti-rotation piston assembly is the anti-rotation pushing piece, and the second rotation preventing mechanism is connected with the hydraulic system through a hydraulic pipeline.
9. A static pointing rotation guide based on hydraulic principle according to claim 8, characterized in that the steerable connecting structure (21) is a focus bearing, the quasi-static sleeve is connected with the central shaft through the focus bearing, a first righting bearing (23) and a second righting bearing (24), the focus bearing is arranged below the follower righting bearing (22), and the first righting bearing and the second righting bearing are arranged above the follower righting bearing; the energy transmission between the quasi-static sleeve and the central shaft is completed by means of an energy transmission piece, and the energy transmission piece at least comprises an energy output end (72) and an energy receiving end (71) and is used for transmitting electric power, wherein the electric power transmission mode is a slip ring contact transmission mode for transmitting electric energy or a non-contact wireless energy transmission mode for transmitting electric energy.
10. The static directional rotary guiding device based on the hydraulic principle according to claim 9, characterized in that the energy output end (72) is electrically connected with an energy supply circuit (81) through an electric wire, the energy output end (72) is electrically connected with a bearing electric wire (73), the energy supply circuit (81) is electrically connected with a second electric wire (76), the second electric wire (76) is electrically connected with the bearing electric wire (73) through a bearing pin, the bearing pin at least comprises a male pin (75) and a female pin (74), the male pin (75) is electrically connected with the second electric wire (76), and the female pin (74) is electrically connected with the bearing electric wire (73).
11. A static directional rotary steerable device according to claim 9, characterized in that the energy transmission is a wireless energy transmission, the energy output (72) transmitting energy to the energy receiving (71) by means of electromagnetic coupling; the energy supply circuit is an inverter circuit for providing alternating current to the energy output terminal.
12. The static directional rotary guiding device based on the hydraulic principle according to claim 9, wherein a second anti-rotation mechanism, a biasing cylinder, a hydraulic system, an electronic circuit accommodating bin and a first centralizing bearing (23) are respectively arranged in the static directional rotary guiding device based on the hydraulic principle from bottom to top; the energy transmission piece is arranged between the electronic circuit accommodating bin and the first centralizing bearing, or the energy transmission piece is arranged between the first centralizing bearing (23) and the second centralizing bearing (24).
13. A static pointing rotation guide based on the hydraulic principle according to claim 1, characterized in that the offset cylinder and the quasi-static sleeve are interconnected by a hinge structure (41), which is any hinge structure including a universal joint.
14. The static directional rotary guiding device based on the hydraulic principle according to claim 13, wherein a second anti-rotation mechanism which can be in contact with a well wall and has an anti-rotation function is further arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the offset cylinder, the second anti-rotation mechanism comprises an anti-rotation piston assembly and an anti-rotation pushing piece, and a piston capable of pushing the anti-rotation pushing piece to be abutted against the well wall is arranged in the anti-rotation piston assembly; the window is arranged on the outer side of the quasi-static sleeve, and the anti-rotation pushing and leaning piece can penetrate out of the window arranged on the outer side of the quasi-static sleeve, so that the anti-rotation pushing and leaning piece can be abutted against a well wall, and the anti-rotation purpose is achieved.
15. A static directional rotary guiding method based on hydraulic principle, characterized in that the method is based on a static directional rotary guiding device based on hydraulic principle as claimed in any one of claims 1-14, the static directional rotary guiding device comprises a quasi-static sleeve (6) and a deflection control mechanism (50), a central shaft (20) is penetrated in the quasi-static sleeve (6), the lower end of the quasi-static sleeve is connected with the corresponding position of the central shaft (20) in a rotatable way through a rotatable connecting structure (21) for enabling a drill bit to rotate in alignment with the static sleeve by taking the rotatable connecting structure as a center, and the upper end of the quasi-static sleeve is connected with the corresponding position of the central shaft (20) in a rotatable way through at least one first righting bearing (23); a movable gap is preset between the quasi-static sleeve and the central shaft, the drill bit (1) is arranged below the central shaft, and the distance between the steerable connecting structure and the drill bit is 0-1.5 meters; the deflection control mechanism (50) is connected with the quasi-static sleeve, and keeps synchronous rotation with the quasi-static sleeve, the deflection control mechanism comprises at least 3 groups of pushing mechanisms (52), the at least 3 groups of pushing mechanisms are arranged on a biasing cylinder (51) at intervals along the circumferential direction, the biasing cylinder is arranged between the central shaft and the quasi-static sleeve, and a movable gap is reserved between the biasing cylinder and the quasi-static sleeve; the pushing mechanism (52) can move towards or away from the axis of the central shaft, the pushing mechanism (52) is in abutting connection with the quasi-static sleeve, and the pushing mechanism arranged in the wall of the offset cylinder is used for transmitting pushing force to the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve under the action of hydraulic pressure; the offset cylinder is connected with the central shaft through a follow-up centralizing bearing (22) and is used for transmitting thrust along the radial direction of the central shaft to the central shaft through the follow-up centralizing bearing; applying hydraulic pressure to each pushing mechanism through a hydraulic system, enabling the pushing mechanisms to be in contact with the inner wall of the quasi-static sleeve, enabling the quasi-static sleeve to generate reaction force to the biasing cylinder through each pushing mechanism, enabling the resultant force of the reaction force to drive the central shaft to flexibly deform relative to the quasi-static sleeve through the follow-up righting bearing, and enabling the central shaft to drive the drill bit to rotate relative to the static sleeve by taking the steerable connecting structure as the center; the offset cylinder is connected with the quasi-static sleeve through a first rotation preventing mechanism, and the first rotation preventing mechanism is arranged between the offset cylinder and the quasi-static sleeve and used for limiting the relative rotation between the quasi-static sleeve and the offset cylinder by taking the well shaft as a rotation shaft.
16. A static pointing rotation guiding method based on hydraulic principle as claimed in claim 15, characterized in that the number of said pushing mechanisms (52) is 3-6 groups, at least one pushing mechanism in each group, each group of pushing mechanisms corresponds to a set of hydraulic systems (54) respectively, for providing hydraulic pressure for each group of pushing mechanisms respectively, each pushing mechanism comprises at least a cylinder structure arranged on the side wall of said biasing cylinder (51) and a driving piston arranged in said cylinder structure, said driving piston being movable towards or away from the axis of said central shaft and being capable of abutting against the inner wall of said quasi-static sleeve; when the rotary steering drilling is required to be realized, the amplitude value of the bias resultant force vector applied to the central shaft and generated by the deflection control mechanism controls the build rate of the rotary steering device; the magnitude and the direction of the biasing force are controlled by adjusting the pressure value of hydraulic pressure of each group of hydraulic system, the magnitude and the direction of the biasing force the central shaft to deform against the biasing force, the drill bit is driven to rotate by a certain angle towards the guiding direction by taking the steerable connecting structure as the center, and the guiding direction is controlled by controlling the direction of the combined force of the biasing force, so that the purpose of guiding drilling is achieved.
17. The method according to claim 15, wherein, to ensure stability during operation of the hydrostatic principle-based static directional rotary guide, the direction of the resultant thrust force vector generated by each set of pushing mechanisms on the biasing cylinder is substantially coincident with the radial direction of the quasi-static sleeve; during the real-time rotary steering drilling operation of the rotary steering device, the hydraulic pressure generated by all hydraulic systems is larger than the annular pressure, so that all pistons arranged on the offset cylinder are abutted against the quasi-static sleeve with a thrust force not smaller than 3% of the maximum thrust force.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910618510.8A CN112211556B (en) | 2019-07-09 | 2019-07-09 | Static pointing rotation guiding device based on hydraulic principle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910618510.8A CN112211556B (en) | 2019-07-09 | 2019-07-09 | Static pointing rotation guiding device based on hydraulic principle |
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| CN112211556B true CN112211556B (en) | 2023-05-05 |
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Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6158529A (en) * | 1998-12-11 | 2000-12-12 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Rotary steerable well drilling system utilizing sliding sleeve |
| US6109372A (en) * | 1999-03-15 | 2000-08-29 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Rotary steerable well drilling system utilizing hydraulic servo-loop |
| CN102606073A (en) * | 2012-04-06 | 2012-07-25 | 西安石油大学 | Guide mechanism for directing rotary steering drilling tool |
| CN102913131B (en) * | 2012-08-14 | 2016-08-10 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of dynamically guiding type rotary steering drilling tool |
| CN107701107B (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2019-02-12 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | It is a kind of static state in the high build angle rate rotary steerable tool of backup radial type and control method |
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