CN114135227B - High-stability short-radius deflecting drilling tool - Google Patents
High-stability short-radius deflecting drilling tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN114135227B CN114135227B CN202010921858.7A CN202010921858A CN114135227B CN 114135227 B CN114135227 B CN 114135227B CN 202010921858 A CN202010921858 A CN 202010921858A CN 114135227 B CN114135227 B CN 114135227B
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 152
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 104
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 8
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- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 229910000897 Babbitt (metal) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/20—Flexible or articulated drilling pipes, e.g. flexible or articulated rods, pipes or cables
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/20—Flexible or articulated drilling pipes, e.g. flexible or articulated rods, pipes or cables
- E21B17/206—Flexible or articulated drilling pipes, e.g. flexible or articulated rods, pipes or cables with conductors, e.g. electrical, optical
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes
- E21B7/061—Deflecting the direction of boreholes the tool shaft advancing relative to a guide, e.g. a curved tube or a whipstock
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-stability short-radius deflecting drilling tool which comprises a drill bit, a guide nipple and a self-resetting flexible drill rod, wherein a driving interface is arranged at the tail end of the self-resetting flexible drill rod and is driven by a rotary driving power device through the driving interface to obtain rotary drilling power of short-radius rotary directional drilling, the front end of the self-resetting flexible drill rod is fixedly connected with the rear end of the guide nipple, the self-resetting flexible drill rod can transfer drilling weight and torque to the guide nipple in a steerable manner, and the drill bit is fixedly arranged at the front end of the guide nipple. The device can realize rigid transmission of drilling pressure torque, can easily realize high-flexibility bending, and can lead the guiding tool to realize guiding with extremely low guiding force so as to improve the engineering feasibility and practical value of the short-radius directional drilling technology for developing thin layers, digging residual oil, multi-layer oil and gas production, coal bed gas development and development of other minerals.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of drilling and boring, in particular to a high-stability short-radius deflecting drilling tool.
Background
The short radius directional drilling technology has engineering feasibility and practical value for multi-layer oil and gas field development, thin layer development, residual oil mining, coalbed methane development and other mineral development.
Some scholars consider that an oriented well with a radius of curvature of 30-90 DEG/30 m is defined as a medium-short radius oriented well, an oriented well with a radius of curvature of 90-300 DEG/30 m is defined as a short radius oriented well, and an oriented well with a radius of curvature of more than 300 DEG/30 m is defined as an ultra-short radius oriented well.
At present, in the drilling process, too small borehole curvature often occurs, so that a deflecting section is too long, a great amount of ineffective footage can be generated on a well section in a turning state, the economic benefit is poor, and the operation difficulty of the construction well section is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the present invention provides a high-stability short-radius deflecting drilling tool to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the utility model provides a high stability short radius deflecting drilling tool, its includes direction nipple joint, drill bit and from the flexible drilling rod of resetting, at least one centralizer, wherein, the rear end of the flexible drilling rod of self resetting is provided with drive interface to drive in rotary drive power device or arbitrary drill string drive through drive interface, in order to obtain the required rotary drilling power of rotary drilling, its characterized in that: the self-resetting flexible drill rod comprises a plurality of hinged transmission pup joints, the front end of the self-resetting flexible drill rod is fixedly connected with the rear end of the guide pup joint, the self-resetting flexible drill rod can transfer drilling pressure and torque to the guide pup joint in a steering mode, a drill bit is fixedly arranged at the front end of the guide pup joint, a centralizer is arranged on the outer side of the guide pup joint and/or the outer side of the self-resetting flexible drill rod, and the distance between the set position of the centralizer and the front end of the drill bit is less than 3 meters.
Further, preferably, the self-resetting flexible drill rod comprises at least one group of elastic restoring mechanisms and a plurality of hinged transmission pup joints, wherein at least one weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanism is fixed in each hinged transmission pup joint, the weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanism is provided with an input end and an output end, and the output end on one hinged transmission pup joint is connected with the input end on the adjacent hinged transmission pup joint. And a through structure is arranged in the hinged transmission nipple and used for forming a runner for flowing the drilling circulating medium or penetrating the runner for flowing the drilling circulating medium.
Further, preferably, when the elastic restoring mechanism is a through elastic tube or a through elastic rod, a fulcrum structure is arranged between each hinged transmission nipple and the elastic restoring mechanism, and the elastic restoring mechanism can independently support the hinged transmission nipple;
or when the elastic restoring mechanism is an elastic member such as an elastic rod, an elastic plate or a spring, the self-restoring flexible drill rod comprises a plurality of groups of elastic restoring mechanisms and a plurality of hinged transmission pup joints, a group of elastic restoring mechanisms is arranged in a deflection interval of every two adjacent hinged transmission pup joints, one end of each elastic restoring mechanism is fixedly connected or coaxially connected with one of the two adjacent hinged transmission pup joints, and the other end of each elastic restoring mechanism is radially and limitedly connected with the other one of the two adjacent hinged transmission pup joints, so that restoring force for restoring the coaxial state can be generated when the two adjacent hinged transmission pup joints deflect;
the weight on bit torque deflection transmission mechanism may be a universal joint. The device is characterized in that one end of the hinged transmission pup joint, which is connected with the direction of the drill bit, is an output end, the other end of the hinged transmission pup joint is an input end, and the input end and the output end only indicate the transmission direction of the rotary drilling power, and the device is not particularly of a specific structure. The universal joint is preferably a rigid universal joint, and the universal joint capable of transmitting rotation power in a variable angle can be realized under the condition of not generating bending moment.
The output end of the first hinged transmission nipple at the left side is coaxially and fixedly connected with the input end of the guide nipple. And the elastic restoring mechanism is used for fully utilizing the elastic restoring mechanism to keep the coaxial relation between the guide pup joint and the adjacent hinged transmission pup joints.
Further, preferably, the length of each hinged transmission nipple is less than 1.5 meters, and the length of the self-resetting flexible drill rod is more than 10m; the limit deflection angle between every two adjacent hinged transmission pup joints is smaller than 8 degrees. When drilling the short-radius branch well, the axial length from the front end surface of the drill bit to the rear end surface of the self-resetting flexible drill rod is larger than the preset axial length of the drilled short-radius branch well.
Further, preferably, the hinged transmission nipple (2) extends along the axis direction thereof to form a through structure (23), and a runner (28) for circulating drilling circulation medium is arranged in the through structure (23) for circulating drilling circulation medium; and/or, elastic restoring mechanism (7) run through a plurality of articulated transmission nipple (2) inside link up structure (23), elastic restoring mechanism (7) with be provided with fulcrum structure (4) between articulated transmission nipple (2), elastic restoring mechanism (7) can be through fulcrum structure (4) to every articulated transmission nipple (2) independently support, make elastic restoring mechanism (7) can make two adjacent articulated transmission nipple (2) resume coaxial state, elastic structure can be as the runner supplies well drilling circulation medium to flow.
Further, preferably, the hinged transmission pup joint is provided with a limiting mechanism, and the limiting mechanism can limit the deflection angle between adjacent hinged transmission pup joints to be 0-5 degrees.
Further preferably, the fulcrum structures are provided with two or more, wherein the section between the first fulcrum structure and the second fulcrum structure is provided as a support section, the axial length of the support end being greater than 15mm.
Further, preferably, when the weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanism deflects by any angle, the elastic restoring mechanism drives the weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanism input end and the weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanism output end to restore the coaxial state, so that the restoring force generated under the rated weight-on-bit condition under the angle can overcome the radial component force which drives the weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanism input end and the weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanism output end to further deflect, and the weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanism input end and the weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanism output end have a tendency to restore the coaxial state. For ensuring as far as possible that weight on bit is transmitted forward along the axis of minimum curvature.
Preferably, the elastic restoring mechanism generates a restoring force greater than 20000sin αn.
Further, as an optimization, the outer wall of the guiding pup joint is provided with a centralizer, and a measurement and control circuit, a guiding executing mechanism and an electric actuator are arranged in the guiding pup joint.
Further, preferably, the self-resetting flexible drill rod further includes an electric circuit of an over-deflection transmission mechanism, the electric circuit of the over-deflection transmission mechanism is fixedly arranged in the self-resetting flexible drill rod, the specific arrangement mode of the electric circuit of the over-deflection transmission mechanism can be arranged in a gap between a through structure of the hinged transmission nipple and a runner, the electric circuit of the over-deflection transmission mechanism moves synchronously with the self-resetting flexible drill rod and each hinged transmission nipple included in the self-resetting flexible drill rod, and the electric circuit of the over-deflection transmission mechanism is electrically connected with a measurement and control circuit and the electric actuator and is used for supplying power to the measurement and control circuit and the electric actuator.
The system comprises a power supply and a mud pulser, wherein the tail end of the self-resetting flexible drill rod is provided with the power supply and the mud pulser, the power supply can be a downhole turbine generator, and the downhole turbine generator supplies power for the measurement and control circuit and the electric actuator through an electric circuit of an over-deflection transmission mechanism; the mud pulser is communicated with the measurement and control circuit through an electric circuit of the over-deflection transmission mechanism, and further transmits information in the measurement and control circuit to the ground through pressure pulse waves.
Further, preferably, the minimum distance between the deflection centers of any two of the weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanisms in the self-resetting flexible drill rod is less than 8 times of the diameter of the drill bit.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the self-resetting flexible drill rod formed by the hinged transmission pup joint with the rotation deflection angle limiting function realizes the transmission of the drilling pressure torque and the rotation power in the short-radius well section, and the elastic return mechanism realizes the independent support on each section of hinged transmission pup joint so as to ensure that the drilling pressure can be stably transmitted to the guide pup joint, and the instability of guide control caused by the excessive swing of the hinged transmission pup joint can be avoided, so that the requirement of the short-radius well drilling on the track precision of the well is met; because the device can realize bending and the rigidity of the device is far lower than that of a conventional drill rod or drill collar, the guiding tool can realize guiding with extremely low guiding force (lateral force) so as to improve the engineering feasibility and practical value of the short-radius directional drilling technology for multi-layer oil-gas field development, thin-layer development, residual oil mining, coalbed methane development and the development of other minerals.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a high stability short radius whipstock drilling tool;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the structure of an articulating transmission nipple in a high stability short radius whipstock drilling tool;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a self-resetting flexible drill pipe of a high stability short radius whipstock drilling tool;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an elastic return mechanism of an articulating drive sub in a high stability short radius whipstock drilling tool;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the flow path installation of a high stability short radius whipstock drilling tool;
FIG. 6 is a spring plate installation intent of a high stability short radius whipstock drilling tool;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a power and communication system for a high stability short radius whipstock drilling tool;
FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of a static bias-guiding nipple of a high stability short radius whipstock drilling tool.
In the figure: 1. a guiding pup joint; 11. a guide sleeve; 12. driving the mandrel; 2. the transmission nipple is hinged; 3. a drill bit; 4. a fulcrum structure; 41. a first fulcrum structure; 42. a second fulcrum structure; 6. a drive interface; 7. an elastic restoring mechanism; 8. over-deflection transfer mechanism electrical wiring; 9. a centralizer; 13. a guide actuator; 15. a measurement and control circuit; 21. a universal joint; 22. a weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanism; 23. a through structure; 24. an input end; 25. an output end; 26. a rotary valve; 27. an electric appliance actuator; 28. a flow passage; 29. a power supply; 30. a mud pulser; 31. inversion nipple joint; 51. a front composite bearing; 52. a rear composite bearing; 71. a through elastic tube; 72. an elastic plate; 73. a flexible rod; 411. an electric energy rotation transmission transmitting end; 412. the electric energy rotates to transmit the receiving end.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1: referring to fig. 1-7, the present invention provides a technical solution: the utility model provides a high stability short radius deflecting drilling tool, it includes direction nipple joint 1, drill bit 3 and from the flexible drilling rod of resetting, wherein, the tail end of the flexible drilling rod of self-resetting is provided with drive interface 6, and drive in rotatory drive power device or any other type drilling string through drive interface 6, in order to obtain rotatory drilling power that rotatory drilling is required, it is to be noted that drive interface 6 is the screw thread, rotatory drive device can be various types rig, drilling machine or downhole power drilling tool, a high stability short radius deflecting drilling tool accessible is rotatory with the drilling rod by the screw thread of rig drive drilling rod, and further drive high stability short radius deflecting drilling tool is rotatory, realize the rotatory drilling of controllable orbit, wherein the direction nipple joint can be the direction nipple joint of arbitrary principle, can all be in the scope of protection of this patent at the arbitrary direction nipple joint that realizes the direction function under rotatory drilling condition.
The self-resetting flexible drill rod is characterized in that the front end of the self-resetting flexible drill rod is fixedly connected to the rear end of the guide nipple 1, the self-resetting flexible drill rod can transfer drilling pressure and torque to the guide nipple 1 in a steering manner, the drill bit 3 is fixedly arranged at the front end of the guide nipple 1, and the rotary driving power device drives the drill bit 3 through the self-resetting flexible drill rod; specifically, the connection mode of the self-resetting flexible drill rod and the guide pup joint 1 can be any connection mode capable of realizing weight on bit torque transmission, such as threaded connection, coupling connection and the like; it should be noted that the rotary drive power means may also be a mud motor located in the borehole, a rotary table located at the wellhead, a top drive or rotary drive head, wherein the rotary drive head primarily refers to the means for driving the drill string in rotation in a horizontal drilling rig or other type of directional drilling rig. In the embodiment, the centralizer (9) is arranged on the outer side of the self-resetting flexible drill rod and the distance value between the centralizer and the front end of the drill bit (3) is smaller than 3 meters.
It is emphasized that the device of the present invention has the advantage of enabling the steerable transmission joint array to be steered in a rotary state in a short radius borehole, under which conditions the primary force component of friction is tangential to the circumference of the self-resetting flexible drill pipe, resulting in a substantial reduction in axial friction and enabling trajectory control in ultra-short radius boreholes, since the self-resetting flexible drill pipe is generally rotated during directional drilling.
In this embodiment, when the elastic restoring mechanism is an elastic member such as an elastic rod, an elastic plate 72 or a spring, the self-resetting flexible drill rod includes an elastic restoring mechanism 7 and a plurality of hinged transmission sub 2, a plurality of weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanisms 22 are fixed in each hinged transmission sub 2, the weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanisms 22 have an input end 24 and an output end 25, the output ends 25 on the hinged transmission sub 2 are connected with the input ends 24 on the adjacent hinged transmission sub 2, each hinged transmission sub 2 is provided with a group of elastic restoring mechanisms 7, when the elastic restoring mechanism 7 is a through elastic tube 71 or a through elastic rod, a fulcrum structure 4 is arranged between the hinged transmission sub 2 and the elastic restoring mechanism 7, the elastic restoring mechanism 7 can independently support the hinged transmission sub 2 for ensuring that the self-resetting flexible drill rod provides a restoring linear state restoring force, and since the independent support is realized for each hinged transmission sub 2, the self-resetting flexible drill rod is ensured not to generate buckling, and the self-resetting flexible drill rod guiding sub 2 is ensured to avoid the mutual flexible bending force disturbance caused by the self-resetting flexible drill sub 2; specifically, the input end 24 and the output end 25 are mutually connected to achieve the purpose of transmitting the weight-on-bit torque, the input end 24 and the output end 25 are interchangeable, the connection mode can be any mode capable of transmitting the weight-on-bit and the torque, such as threaded connection, integrated manufacturing, welding and the like, and the plurality of articulated transmission pup joints 2 form the self-resetting flexible drill rod. It is emphasized that the device of the present invention has the advantage that a steerable drive joint array can be used for steering drilling in a short radius wellbore in a rotary state, the self-resetting flexible drill pipe realizes high curvature wellbore adaptability through the weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanism, stability is realized through the elastic return mechanism, buckling is prevented, weight-on-bit is transmitted to the drill bit along the axes of the self-resetting flexible drill pipe and the steering nipple, thereby facilitating improvement of drilling stability and avoiding interference to steering force of the steering nipple.
The output end 25 of the first hinged transmission nipple 2 positioned at the left side is fixedly connected with the input end of the guiding nipple 1.
In the embodiment, the length of the self-resetting flexible drilling rod is more than 10m; the limit deflection angle between every two adjacent hinged transmission pup joints 2 is smaller than 8 degrees; specifically, the limit deflection angle is a mechanical structure limit of the hinged transmission nipple 2, so as to prevent the hinged transmission nipple 2 from excessively buckling in the weight-on-bit torque transmission process, thereby preventing the weight-on-bit torque transmission.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the hinged transmission nipple 2 extends along the axial direction of the hinged transmission nipple to form a through structure 23, an elastic restoring mechanism is arranged in the through structure 23, the elastic restoring mechanism is simultaneously used as a flow channel for circulating drilling circulation medium, and a centralizing structure 4 is arranged between the hinged transmission nipple 2 and the elastic restoring structure penetrating the hinged transmission nipple 2 so that the adjacent hinged transmission nipples 2 maintain a coaxial state; the elastic restoring mechanism 7 comprises a through elastic tube 71 which passes through a through structure of the hinged transmission nipple 2 and is connected with an input end and an output end of the hinged transmission nipple 2, the through elastic tube 71 and the through structure of the hinged transmission nipple 2 form a movable space, a more sufficient deformation space is reserved for the through elastic tube 71 so that the through elastic tube can bear a larger deformation, the through elastic tube 71 provides restoring force which enables an input shaft and an output shaft of the hinged transmission nipple to be in the same straight line, the restoring force is far smaller than thrust generated when the guiding nipple deflects, the guiding nipple in the invention is only responsible for executing guiding action, and a downhole turbine generator and a mud pulser are arranged at the rear part of the self-resetting flexible drill rod, so that the length of the guiding nipple is shorter, and a deflection point where bending occurs is lower, thereby being more beneficial to release of the guiding performance of a tool; specifically, the elastic restoring mechanism is a flexible through pressure-bearing metal pipe, and the pressure-bearing standard of the elastic restoring mechanism can meet the pressure difference between the drilling fluid in the flexible through pressure-bearing metal pipe and the drilling fluid outside the pipe.
In this embodiment, the limiting mechanism is disposed on the hinged driving sub 2, and the limiting mechanism can limit the deflection angle between the adjacent hinged driving sub 2 to be 0 ° to 5 °, when the deflection angle of the hinged driving sub 2 rotates by any angle in the range of 0 ° to 5 °, the restoring force provided by the elastic restoring mechanism 7 to drive the input end and the output end of the hinged driving sub to restore to the coaxial state is greater than the weight on bit multiplied by sin α under the angle, so that the input end and the output end of the hinged driving sub maintain the trend of restoring to the coaxial state.
In this embodiment, particularly as shown in fig. 1, the fulcrum structure 4 is provided with two or more, wherein the section between the first fulcrum structure 41 and the second fulcrum structure 42 is provided as a supporting section, the axial length of the supporting end is greater than 15mm for being held in position in the supporting section, and the hinged transmission nipple 2 is held coaxially with the corresponding section of the flexible member.
In this embodiment, and in particular in the case of a high stability short radius whipstock drilling tool as shown in fig. 3, the resilient return mechanism 7 may be any resilient member configured as a flexible rod 73; specifically, the elastic member may be a flexible pipe or a flexible rod 73, and the swing between the hinged transmission pup joints 2 causes the flexible member to deform, the flexibility of the flexible member resists the tendency of deformation, and the inhibition effect can inhibit the swing between the hinged transmission pup joints 2; still further, the elastic restoring mechanism 7 includes a plurality of flexible rods 73 arranged in a central symmetry loop in the drill collar housing, the flexible rods 73 providing restoring force that keeps the input shaft and the output shaft of the hinged transmission nipple 2 in the same line, or alternatively, the elastic restoring mechanism may include a plurality of leaf springs arranged in a deflection space between the lever structure and the drill collar housing, and other equivalent alternatives.
In the embodiment, the outer wall of the guide pup joint 1 is provided with a centralizer 9, and a measurement and control circuit 15, a guide executing mechanism 13, a rotary valve 26 and an electric actuator 27 are arranged in the guide pup joint 1; specifically, each articulated transmission nipple 2 comprises at least one universal joint 21, and the universal joints 21 are used for bearing the weight and torque of the drill bit in the drilling process and continuously providing rotary drilling power for the drill bit 3. The maximum limit angle value of all the hinged transmission pup joints 2 between the guide executing mechanism 13 and the telemetry pup joint is more than 3 degrees, and the optimal range is more than 10 degrees, so as to ensure that the device has enough flexibility.
In the embodiment, the self-resetting flexible drill rod further comprises an over-deflection transmission mechanism electric circuit 8, the over-deflection transmission mechanism electric circuit 8 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the self-resetting flexible drill rod, the over-deflection transmission mechanism electric circuit 8 and the hinged transmission nipple 2 synchronously move, and the over-deflection transmission mechanism electric circuit 8 is electrically connected with an electric actuator 27 and a rotary valve 26 in sequence; it should be noted that, because the present invention focuses on solving the stability problem of guiding, it is especially required that the guiding actuator 13 cannot swing excessively, which can cause the drill bit 3 to advance spirally or to prop against one side of the well wall, and seriously affect the control accuracy of the well track, so that a section of self-resetting flexible drill rod is disposed behind the nipple where the guiding actuator 13 is located, so that the drill string behind the guiding section has a certain coaxiality, the length of the self-resetting flexible drill rod is determined according to the cost, and further, the length of the self-resetting flexible drill rod is greater than ten times the diameter of the drill bit, and at least three weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanisms 22 are included.
The self-resetting flexible drill rod is provided with a power supply 29 and a mud pulser 30 at the tail end of the system, wherein the power supply 29 can be a downhole turbine generator, and the downhole turbine generator supplies power to the measurement and control circuit 15 and the electric actuator 27 through an electric circuit 8 of the over-deflection transmission mechanism; the mud pulser 30 communicates with the measurement and control circuit 15 through the over-deflection transmission mechanism electrical line 8, and further transmits information in the measurement and control circuit 15 to the ground through pressure pulse waves.
In this embodiment, the minimum distance between the deflection centers of any two weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanisms 22 in the self-resetting flexible drill rod is less than 8 times of the diameter of the drill bit 3, so that the section between the drill bit 3 and the uppermost weight-on-bit torque transmission short section can reach enough curvature to complete drilling of a short-radius well, and deflection is realized to the maximum extent; specifically, under the condition of the same deflecting performance or the condition of the same high curvature borehole trafficability, shortening the length of each section of hinged transmission nipple 2, namely shortening the distance between two deflection points, can reduce the deflection limit of each deflection point, so as to achieve the effects of protecting the weight-on-bit torque transmission nipple from damage and reducing the downhole vibration, and particularly protecting the universal joint 21 for transmitting rotary drilling power in the weight-on-bit torque transmission nipple from damage.
Example 2: referring to fig. 8, the present invention provides another technical solution of a guiding pup joint:
the guide pup joint 1 comprises a driving mandrel 12 and a guide sleeve 11 sleeved outside the driving mandrel in a ring mode, the guide sleeve is sleeved outside the driving mandrel through at least two pairs of composite bearing rings, the composite bearings comprise a front composite bearing 51 and a rear composite bearing 52, the front end of the driving mandrel is fixedly provided with a drill bit 3, the rear end of the driving mandrel is fixedly connected with the output end of a self-resetting flexible drill rod, and a guide executing mechanism 13, an electric actuator 27 and a measurement and control circuit 15 are arranged in the guide sleeve; the embodiment further comprises an electric energy rotation transmission transmitting end 411 and an electric energy rotation transmission receiving end 412, which are used for transmitting the electric energy transmitted by the electric circuit of the over-deflection transmission mechanism to the electric appliance including the electric actuator in the guiding sleeve, and providing the electric energy for the electric appliance in the guiding sleeve. The electric energy rotation transmission transmitting end 411 is fixedly connected with the driving mandrel and is electrically connected with the electric circuit 8 of the over-deflection transmission mechanism, and the electric energy rotation transmission receiving end 412 is fixedly connected with the guide sleeve and is at least electrically connected with the electric actuator.
In this embodiment, the rotation speed of the drill string may be severely fluctuated due to the high curvature of the wellbore, the buckling of the self-resetting flexible drill rod, and the scratch of the well wall. Therefore, in order to avoid damage to the electric energy rotation transmission transmitting end 411 and the electric energy rotation transmission receiving end 412, so as to smoothly receive energy and realize signal transmission for the electric devices in the guide sleeve, the electric energy rotation transmission transmitting end 411 and the electric energy rotation transmission receiving end 412 may be a wireless energy transmitting end and a wireless energy receiving end, that is, the electric energy rotation transmission transmitting end 411 and the electric energy rotation transmission receiving end 412 transmit energy in a high-frequency wireless transmission mode, so that an inversion nipple 31 is arranged behind the driving mandrel 12, and at least one inversion circuit is accommodated for inverting direct current into high-frequency alternating current mutually adapted to the electric energy rotation transmission transmitting end 411. Because the guide nipple and the inversion nipple both inevitably occupy longer space, a first self-resetting flexible drill rod is arranged between the driving mandrel and the inversion nipple and is used for improving the adaptability of the system to high borehole curvature and simultaneously having certain toughness, so that the system has restoring force for recovering a coaxial state in the borehole, and the weight on bit can be propagated along a straight line at a position close to the drill bit as far as possible, rather than on a severely buckled tubular column, and buckling is further aggravated. The inversion nipple is used for inverting the direct current transmitted by a power supply into high-frequency alternating current within the range of 5-300kHz, the high-frequency alternating current is transmitted to the electric energy rotation transmission transmitting end 411 through the electric circuit 8 of the over-deflection transmission mechanism in the first self-resetting flexible drill rod, the high-frequency alternating current is further received by the electric energy rotation transmission receiving end 412, and the alternating current received by the electric energy rotation transmission receiving end 412 is further converted into direct current through the rectifying circuit arranged in the guide sleeve to be supplied to an electric appliance in the guide sleeve for use.
The guide executing mechanism is a pushing-leaning type guide executing mechanism and at least comprises a hydraulic piston, wherein the hydraulic piston can directly push against the well wall along the radial direction of the guide pup joint, or the hydraulic piston can apply pushing force to the well wall along the radial direction of the guide pup joint through the pushing-leaning wing ribs. In order to further improve the stability of the system and keep the stability of the guide sleeve, each group of piston assemblies is provided with an independent hydraulic system directly connected with the piston cylinder, so that each guide actuating mechanism can apply thrust to the well wall during drilling so as to avoid vibration of the guide pup joint and reduce interference of the swing of the self-resetting flexible drill rod on the guide pup joint in executing the guide function. The electric actuator comprises at least a hydraulic system for providing hydraulic pressure to the hydraulic piston. The guide sleeve comprises at least 3 groups of guide executing mechanisms and at least three sets of hydraulic systems, and the resultant force generated by the guide executing mechanisms pushing against the well wall along the radial direction of the guide executing mechanisms respectively deflects the drill bit.
Further, the rear of the inversion nipple is fixedly connected with a second self-resetting flexible drill rod with a certain length, and the inversion nipple is used for better improving the bit pressure torque transmission state at the position close to the drill bit.
It should be noted that, the left end in fig. 8 is the direction of the drill bit, and the front section of the present invention is described, and the right end in fig. 8 is the direction away from the drill bit, that is, the rear end of the present invention.
In addition, the present invention is not described in detail with respect to the conventional problems in the art. For example, the circuits of the present invention should be sealed under pressure, and the electrical circuits of the present invention should be protected by insulation and connected by insulation.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a high stability short radius deflecting drilling tool, its includes direction nipple joint (1), drill bit (3), from flexible drilling rod of resetting and centralizer (9), wherein, the rear end of flexible drilling rod of self resetting is provided with drive interface (6) to drive in rotatory drive power device or drilling string through drive interface (6), in order to acquire rotatory required rotatory drilling power of drilling, its characterized in that: the front end of the self-resetting flexible drill rod is fixedly connected with the rear end of the guide pup joint (1), the self-resetting flexible drill rod can transfer drilling pressure and torque to the guide pup joint (1) in a steering way, and a drill bit (3) is fixedly arranged at the front end of the guide pup joint (1); the centralizer (9) is arranged on the outer side of the guide pup joint (1), and/or the centralizer (9) is arranged on the outer side of the self-resetting flexible drill rod and the distance value between the centralizer and the front end of the drill bit (3) is smaller than 3 meters; the self-resetting flexible drill rod comprises a plurality of groups of elastic restoring mechanisms (7) and a plurality of hinged transmission pup joints (2), wherein at least one weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanism (22) is fixed in each hinged transmission pup joint (2), and the elastic restoring mechanisms (7) are arranged in the hinged transmission pup joints (2) and are used for enabling two adjacent hinged transmission pup joints (2) to restore to a coaxial state; a guide executing mechanism (13) is arranged in the guide pup joint (1); the guide actuating mechanism at least comprises a hydraulic piston, wherein the hydraulic piston can directly push against the well wall along the radial direction of the guide pup joint, or the hydraulic piston can apply thrust to the well wall along the radial direction of the guide pup joint by pushing against the rib.
2. A high stability short radius whipstock drilling tool as claimed in claim 1, wherein: every two adjacent deflection intervals of the hinged transmission pup joint (2) are internally provided with a group of elastic restoring mechanisms (7), or the elastic restoring mechanisms penetrate through a plurality of the hinged transmission pup joints (2) and are respectively provided with a fulcrum structure (4) between the hinged transmission pup joints (2), so that restoring force of the elastic restoring mechanisms (7) for restoring a linear state can be transmitted to the hinged transmission pup joints (2) through the fulcrum structures (4), and two adjacent hinged transmission pup joints (2) can restore a coaxial state.
3. A high stability short radius whipstock drilling tool as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the length of the hinged transmission pup joint (2) is less than 1.5 meters; the limit deflection angle between every two adjacent hinged transmission pup joints (2) is smaller than 8 degrees.
4. A high stability short radius whipstock drilling tool as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the hinged transmission nipple (2) extends along the axial direction of the hinged transmission nipple to form a through structure (23), and a runner (28) for circulating drilling circulation medium is arranged in the through structure (23) and used for circulating the drilling circulation medium; and/or, elasticity recovery mechanism (7) are elastic tube (71) and are used for supplying well drilling circulation medium circulation, elastic tube (71) run through a plurality of articulated transmission nipple (2) inside link up structure (23), elastic tube (71) with be provided with fulcrum structure (4) between articulated transmission nipple (2), elastic tube (71) can be through fulcrum structure (4) to every articulated transmission nipple (2) independently support, make elastic tube (71) can make two adjacent articulated transmission nipple (2) resume coaxial state.
5. A high stability short radius whipstock drilling tool as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the hinge joint transmission nipple (2) is provided with a limiting mechanism, and the limiting mechanism can limit the deflection angle between adjacent hinge joint transmission nipple (2) to be 0-5 degrees.
6. A high stability short radius whipstock drilling tool as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the fulcrum structures (4) are provided with more than two, wherein a section between the first fulcrum structure (41) and the second fulcrum structure (42) is provided as a support section, and the axial length of the support section is greater than 15mm.
7. A high stability short radius whipstock drilling tool as claimed in claim 4, wherein: when the weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanism (22) deflects by any angle, the elastic restoring mechanism (7) drives the input end (24) of the weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanism (22) and the output end (25) of the weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanism (22) to restore the coaxial state, so that the restoring force of the coaxial state can overcome the radial component force generated under the rated maximum weight-on-bit under the angle.
8. A high stability short radius whipstock drilling tool as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a measurement and control circuit (15) and an electric actuator (27) are arranged in the guide pup joint (1).
9. A high stability short radius whipstock drilling tool as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the self-resetting flexible drill rod further comprises an over-deflection transmission mechanism electric circuit (8), the over-deflection transmission mechanism electric circuit (8) is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the self-resetting flexible drill rod, the over-deflection transmission mechanism electric circuit (8) and the hinged transmission nipple (2) synchronously move, and the over-deflection transmission mechanism electric circuit is electrically connected with the measurement and control circuit (15) and the electric actuator (27).
10. A high stability short radius whipstock drilling tool as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the minimum distance between the deflection centers of any two weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanisms (22) in the self-resetting flexible drill rod is lower than 8 times of the diameter of the drill bit (3).
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010921858.7A CN114135227B (en) | 2020-09-04 | 2020-09-04 | High-stability short-radius deflecting drilling tool |
| PCT/CN2021/116719 WO2022048666A1 (en) | 2020-09-04 | 2021-09-06 | High-stability short-radius slant drilling tool |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010921858.7A CN114135227B (en) | 2020-09-04 | 2020-09-04 | High-stability short-radius deflecting drilling tool |
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| CN114135227A CN114135227A (en) | 2022-03-04 |
| CN114135227B true CN114135227B (en) | 2023-08-08 |
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| CN202010921858.7A Active CN114135227B (en) | 2020-09-04 | 2020-09-04 | High-stability short-radius deflecting drilling tool |
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| CN (1) | CN114135227B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2022048666A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114776235A (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-07-22 | 北京全地科技有限公司 | Hydraulic push-leaning type self-resetting flexible drill rod and drill string |
| CN114856441B (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2023-01-17 | 浙江大学 | Robot for walking and drilling on seabed |
| CN114876419B (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2023-05-09 | 四川轻化工大学 | Flexible screen pipe with automatic reset function |
| CN114991684B (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2022-10-25 | 四川中安嘉盛石油科技有限公司 | Flexible nipple for rotary steering drilling and mounting method thereof |
| CN115492538B (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2024-07-05 | 西南石油大学 | Double-ball-head flexible drill rod for realizing small curvature radius |
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| WO2022048666A1 (en) | 2022-03-10 |
| CN114135227A (en) | 2022-03-04 |
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