CN114135227A - High-stability short-radius deflecting drilling tool - Google Patents
High-stability short-radius deflecting drilling tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN114135227A CN114135227A CN202010921858.7A CN202010921858A CN114135227A CN 114135227 A CN114135227 A CN 114135227A CN 202010921858 A CN202010921858 A CN 202010921858A CN 114135227 A CN114135227 A CN 114135227A
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- drill rod
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/20—Flexible or articulated drilling pipes, e.g. flexible or articulated rods, pipes or cables
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/20—Flexible or articulated drilling pipes, e.g. flexible or articulated rods, pipes or cables
- E21B17/206—Flexible or articulated drilling pipes, e.g. flexible or articulated rods, pipes or cables with conductors, e.g. electrical, optical
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes
- E21B7/061—Deflecting the direction of boreholes the tool shaft advancing relative to a guide, e.g. a curved tube or a whipstock
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-stability short-radius deflecting drilling tool which comprises a drill bit, a guide short section and a self-resetting flexible drill rod, wherein the tail end of the self-resetting flexible drill rod is provided with a driving interface and is driven to a rotary driving power device through the driving interface so as to obtain rotary drilling power for short-radius rotary directional drilling, the front end of the self-resetting flexible drill rod is fixedly connected with the rear end of the guide short section, the self-resetting flexible drill rod can transmit drilling pressure and torque to the guide short section in a rotatable manner, and the drill bit is fixedly arranged at the front end of the guide short section. The device can realize rigid transmission of the drilling pressure torque, can easily realize high-flexibility bending, and can lead the guiding tool to realize guiding with extremely low guiding force so as to improve the engineering feasibility and the practical value of the short-radius directional drilling technology for developing thin layers, residual oil excavation, multilayer oil and gas co-production, coal bed gas development and other mineral types.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of well drilling and drilling, in particular to a high-stability short-radius deflecting well drilling tool.
Background
The short radius directional drilling technology has engineering feasibility and practical value for the development of multilayer oil and gas fields, the development of thin layers, the excavation of residual oil, the development of coal bed gas and the development of other kinds of minerals.
Some researchers thought that directional wells with a radius of curvature of 30 to 90 °/30m were defined as medium-short radius directional wells, directional wells with a radius of curvature of 90 to 300 °/30m were defined as short radius directional wells, and directional wells with a radius of curvature greater than 300 °/30m were defined as ultra-short radius directional wells.
At present, in the drilling process, the well bore curvature is often too small, so that the deflecting section is too long, the well section in a turning state can generate a large amount of ineffective footage, the economic benefit is poor, and the operation difficulty of constructing the well section is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the present invention provides a high stability short radius whipstock drilling tool to solve the above problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a high stability short radius deflecting drilling tool, its includes direction nipple joint, drill bit and from flexible drilling rod of restoring to the throne, at least one centralizer, wherein, be provided with the drive interface from the rear end of flexible drilling rod of restoring to the throne to drive in rotatory drive power device or arbitrary drilling string drive through the drive interface, in order to obtain the required rotatory drilling power of rotatory drilling, its characterized in that: the self-resetting flexible drill rod comprises a plurality of hinged transmission short sections, the front end of the self-resetting flexible drill rod is fixedly connected with the rear end of the guide short section, the self-resetting flexible drill rod can transmit the drilling pressure and the torque to the guide short section in a steering manner, a drill bit is fixedly arranged at the front end of the guide short section, a centralizer is arranged on the outer side of the guide short section and/or the outer side of the self-resetting flexible drill rod, and the distance between the setting position of the centralizer and the front end of the drill bit is less than 3 meters.
Preferably, the self-resetting flexible drill rod comprises at least one group of elastic restoring mechanisms and a plurality of hinged transmission short sections, wherein at least one weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanism is fixed in each hinged transmission short section, the weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanism is provided with an input end and an output end, and the output end of one hinged transmission short section is connected with the input end of the adjacent hinged transmission short section. And a through structure is arranged in the hinged transmission short section and is used for forming a flow channel for the circulation medium of the drilling well to flow or penetrating the flow channel for the circulation medium of the drilling well to flow.
Further, preferably, when the elastic restoring mechanism is a through elastic tube or a through elastic rod, a fulcrum structure is arranged between each hinged transmission short section and the elastic restoring mechanism, and the elastic restoring mechanism can independently support the hinged transmission short sections;
or, when the elastic restoring mechanism is an elastic member such as an elastic rod, an elastic plate or a spring, the self-restoring flexible drill rod comprises a plurality of groups of elastic restoring mechanisms and a plurality of hinged transmission short sections, a group of elastic restoring mechanisms is arranged in a deflection interval of every two adjacent hinged transmission short sections, one end of each elastic restoring mechanism is fixedly connected or coaxially connected with one of the two adjacent hinged transmission short sections, and the other end of each elastic restoring mechanism is radially limited and connected with the other one of the two adjacent hinged transmission short sections, so that the two adjacent hinged transmission short sections can generate restoring force for restoring the coaxial state when deflecting;
the weight-on-bit torque deflection transmitting mechanism may be a universal joint. It should be noted that, in any of the articulated transmission nipples, one end connected to the direction of the drill bit is an output end, and the other end is an input end, and the input end and the output end only indicate the transmission direction of the rotary drilling power, not particularly a specific structure. The universal joint is preferably a rigid universal joint, namely the universal joint which can realize variable-angle transmission of rotary power under the condition of not generating bending moment.
And the output end of the first hinged transmission short section on the left side is coaxially and fixedly connected with the input end of the guide short section. The elastic restoring mechanism is used for keeping the coaxial relationship between the guide short section and the adjacent hinged transmission short sections.
Further, preferably, the length of each hinged transmission short joint is less than 1.5 meters, and the length of the self-resetting flexible drill rod is more than 10 m; and the limit deflection angle between every two adjacent hinged transmission short joints is less than 8 degrees. When a short-radius multilateral well is drilled, the length of the axis from the front end face of the drill bit to the rear end face of the self-resetting flexible drill rod is greater than the preset length of the axis of the drilled short-radius multilateral well.
Further, preferably, a through structure (23) extends from the hinged transmission short section (2) along the axis direction, and a flow channel (28) for circulating a drilling circulation medium is arranged in the through structure (23) and is used for circulating the drilling circulation medium; and/or, elastic restoring mechanism (7) run through a plurality of articulated transmission nipple joint (2) is inside link up structure (23), elastic restoring mechanism (7) with be provided with fulcrum structure (4) between articulated transmission nipple joint (2), elastic restoring mechanism (7) can be through fulcrum structure (4) to every articulated transmission nipple joint (2) carry out independent support, make elastic restoring mechanism (7) can make two adjacent articulated transmission nipple joint (2) resume coaxial state, elastic structure can supply the well drilling circulation medium to flow as the runner.
Further, preferably, the hinged transmission short sections are provided with limiting mechanisms, and the limiting mechanisms can limit the deflection angle between the adjacent hinged transmission short sections to be 0-5 degrees.
Further, preferably, the fulcrum structures are provided with two or more than two, wherein a section between the first fulcrum structure and the second fulcrum structure is provided as a supporting section, and the axial length of the supporting end is greater than 15 mm.
Further, preferably, when the weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanism deflects by any angle, the elastic restoring mechanism drives the restoring force of the input end of the weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanism and the output end of the weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanism to restore the coaxial state, so as to overcome a radial component force generated at a rated weight on bit at the angle and driving the input end of the weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanism and the output end of the weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanism to further deflect, and make the input end of the weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanism and the output end of the weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanism have a tendency of restoring the coaxial state. For ensuring as far as possible that the weight-on-bit is transferred forward along the axis of least curvature.
Preferably, the elastic restoring mechanism generates a restoring force greater than 20000sin α N.
Further, as preferred, the outer wall of direction nipple joint is provided with the centralizer, be provided with measurement and control circuit, direction actuating mechanism and electric actuator in the direction nipple joint.
Further, as preferred, it still includes the transmission mechanism electric circuit that deflects from restoring to the throne flexible drilling rod, it is fixed to cross the transmission mechanism electric circuit that deflects and is set up in the inside of the flexible drilling rod from restoring to the throne, and its specific setting mode can set up in the clearance of the through structure of articulated transmission nipple joint and runner, and cross the transmission mechanism electric circuit that deflects and move with the flexible drilling rod from restoring to the throne and each articulated transmission nipple joint synchronous motion that it contains, cross the transmission mechanism electric circuit that deflects and measure and control circuit with the electric actuator electricity is connected, be used for measure and control circuit with the electric actuator power supply.
The self-resetting flexible drill pipe is provided with a power supply and a mud pulser at the tail end, wherein the power supply can be a downhole turbine generator which supplies power to the measurement and control circuit and the electric actuator through an electric circuit of an over-deflection transmission mechanism; the mud pulser is communicated with the measurement and control circuit through an electric circuit of the over-deflection transmission mechanism, and further transmits information in the measurement and control circuit to the ground through pressure pulse waves.
Further, preferably, the minimum distance between the deflection centers of any two of the weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanisms in the self-resetting flexible drill rod is less than 8 times of the diameter of the drill bit.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the self-resetting flexible drill rod formed by the hinged transmission short sections for limiting the rotary deflection angle realizes the transmission of the bit pressure torque and the transmission of the rotary power in the short-radius well section, and each hinged transmission short section is independently supported by the elastic restoring mechanism so as to ensure that the bit pressure can be stably transmitted to the guide short section, and the guide control instability caused by the excessive swing of the hinged transmission short sections can not be caused, so that the requirement of short-radius well drilling on the precision of a well track can be met; because the device can realize bending and the rigidity of the device is far lower than that of a conventional drill rod or drill collar, the guiding tool can realize guiding with extremely low guiding force (lateral force) so as to improve the engineering feasibility and the practical value of the short-radius directional drilling technology for the development of multilayer oil and gas fields, the development of thin layers, the excavation and submergence of residual oil, the development of coal bed gas and the development of other types of minerals.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a high stability short radius whipstock drilling tool;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a hinged transmission nipple in a high-stability short-radius deflecting drilling tool;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a self-resetting flexible drill pipe of a high stability short radius whipstock drilling tool;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an elastic return mechanism of a hinged transmission nipple in a high-stability short-radius deflecting drilling tool;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a flow passage installation of a high stability short radius whipstock drilling tool;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of a spring plate installation of a high stability short radius whipstock;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a power supply and communication system for a high stability short radius whipstock drilling tool;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a static offset guide sub of a high stability short radius whipstock drilling tool.
In the figure: 1. a guide short section; 11. a guide sleeve; 12. a drive spindle; 2. the transmission short section is hinged; 3. a drill bit; 4. a fulcrum structure; 41. a first fulcrum structure; 42. a second fulcrum structure; 6. a drive interface; 7. an elastic return mechanism; 8. an over-deflection transfer mechanism electrical circuit; 9. a centralizer; 13. a guide actuator; 15. a measurement and control circuit; 21. a universal joint; 22. a weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanism; 23. a through structure; 24. an input end; 25. an output end; 26. rotating the valve; 27. an electric actuator; 28. a flow channel; 29. a power source; 30. a mud pulser; 31. inverting the short section; 51. a front compound bearing; 52. a rear compound bearing; 71. a through elastic tube; 72. an elastic plate; 73. a flexible rod; 411. the electric energy rotation transmission sending end; 412. the electric energy is transmitted to the receiving end in a rotating mode.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1: referring to fig. 1-7, the present invention provides a technical solution: a high-stability short-radius deflecting drilling tool comprises a guide short joint 1, a drill bit 3 and a self-resetting flexible drill rod, wherein, the tail end of the self-reset flexible drill rod is provided with a driving interface 6 and is driven to a rotary driving power device or any other type of drill string through the driving interface 6, to obtain the rotary drilling power required by rotary drilling, it should be noted that the driving interface 6 is a screw thread, the rotary driving device can be various drilling machines, drilling machines or downhole power drilling tools, a high-stability short-radius deflecting drilling tool can be connected with a drill rod through the screw thread at the rear end thereof, the drill rod is driven by the drilling machine to rotate, and further drives the high-stability short-radius deflecting drilling tool to rotate, so as to realize the rotary drilling with controllable track, wherein the guide short section can be a guide short section with any principle, can realize the arbitrary direction nipple joint of direction function under the rotatory drilling condition all in the protection scope of this patent.
The self-resetting flexible drill pipe is characterized in that the front end of the self-resetting flexible drill pipe is fixedly connected to the rear end of the guide short section 1, the self-resetting flexible drill pipe can transmit the bit pressure and the torque to the guide short section 1 in a rotatable manner, a drill bit 3 is fixedly arranged at the front end of the guide short section 1, and the rotary driving power device drives the drill bit 3 through the self-resetting flexible drill pipe; specifically, the connection mode of the self-resetting flexible drill rod and the guide short section 1 can also be any connection mode capable of realizing the transmission of the weight-on-bit torque, such as threaded connection, coupling connection and the like; it should be added that the rotary drive power unit may also be a mud motor located in the borehole, a rotary table located at the wellhead, a top drive or rotary drive head, wherein the rotary drive head mainly refers to a component of a horizontal drilling rig or other type of directional drilling rig that drives the rotation of the drill string. In the embodiment, the centralizer (9) is arranged on the outer side of the self-resetting flexible drill rod, and the distance value between the centralizer and the front end of the drill bit (3) is less than 3 meters.
It is emphasized that the apparatus of the present invention has the advantage of realizing steerable drilling of the controllable transmission joint array in a short-radius borehole in a rotating state, in which case, since the self-resetting flexible drill pipe is substantially rotated during directional drilling, the main force component of the friction force is in the circumferential tangential direction of the self-resetting flexible drill pipe, thereby greatly reducing the axial friction force and realizing the trajectory control in the short-radius borehole.
In this embodiment, when the elastic restoring mechanism is an elastic member such as an elastic rod, an elastic plate 72 or a spring, the self-restoring flexible drill rod includes an elastic restoring mechanism 7 and a plurality of hinged transmission pipe nipples 2, each hinged transmission pipe nipple 2 is internally fixed with a plurality of drilling pressure and torque deflection transmission mechanisms 22, each drilling pressure and torque deflection transmission mechanism 22 has an input end 24 and an output end 25, the output end 25 on each hinged transmission pipe nipple 2 is connected with the input end 24 on the adjacent hinged transmission pipe nipple 2, each hinged transmission pipe nipple 2 is provided with a group of elastic restoring mechanisms 7, when the elastic restoring mechanism 7 is a through elastic pipe 71 or a through elastic rod, a pivot structure 4 is arranged between each hinged transmission pipe nipple 2 and each elastic restoring mechanism 7, and each elastic restoring mechanism 7 can independently support each hinged transmission pipe nipple 2 to ensure that the self-restoring flexible drill rod provides a restoring linear restoring force, and because each hinged transmission short section 2 is independently supported, buckling of the self-resetting flexible drill rod is avoided, the self-resetting flexible drill rod has the advantages that each hinged transmission short section 2 can be guaranteed to be mutually restrained, and the operation of disturbing force disturbance guide mechanisms caused by buckling of the self-resetting flexible drill rod is avoided; specifically, the input end 24 and the output end 25 are connected with each other to achieve the purpose of transmitting the weight-on-bit torque, the input end 24 and the output end 25 are interchangeable, the connection mode can be any mode capable of transmitting the weight-on-bit torque, such as screw thread connection, integrated manufacturing, welding and the like, and the plurality of hinged transmission pipe nipples 2 form the self-resetting flexible drill rod. It is emphasized that the device of the present invention has the advantages of realizing the guided drilling of the controllable transmission joint array in a rotating state in a short-radius borehole, realizing the high-curvature borehole adaptability of the self-resetting flexible drill rod through the weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanism, realizing the stability through the elastic return mechanism, preventing the buckling, transmitting the weight-on-bit to the drill bit along the axis of the self-resetting flexible drill rod and the guide short section, facilitating the improvement of the drilling stability and avoiding the interference of the guiding force of the guide short section.
And the output end 25 of the first hinged transmission short section 2 on the left side is fixedly connected with the input end of the guide short section 1.
In the embodiment, the length of the self-resetting flexible drill rod is more than 10 m; the limit deflection angle between every two adjacent hinged transmission short sections 2 is less than 8 degrees; specifically, the limit deflection angle is a mechanical structure limit of the hinged transmission nipple 2, so that the hinged transmission nipple 2 is prevented from being excessively bent in the transmission process of the weight-on-bit torque, and the transmission of the weight-on-bit torque is further prevented.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a through structure 23 extends from the hinged transmission short section 2 along the axis direction thereof, an elastic restoring mechanism is arranged in the through structure 23, the elastic restoring mechanism is simultaneously used as a flow channel for circulating medium of drilling, and a centering structure 4 is arranged between the hinged transmission short section 2 and the elastic restoring structure penetrating through the hinged transmission short section 2 and the elastic restoring structure inside the hinged transmission short section, so that the adjacent hinged transmission short sections 2 are kept in a coaxial state; the elastic restoring mechanism 7 comprises a through elastic pipe 71 which passes through a through structure of the hinged transmission short section 2 and is connected with the input end and the output end of the hinged transmission short section 2, the through elastic tube 71 and the through structure of the hinged transmission short section 2 form a movable space, so that a more sufficient deformation space is reserved for the through elastic tube 71, the through elastic tube can bear a larger deformation amount, the through elastic tube 71 provides a restoring force for enabling the input shaft and the output shaft of the hinged transmission nipple to be in the same straight line, the restoring force is far less than the thrust generated when the guide short section deflects, the guide short section only takes charge of executing the guide action, the underground turbine generator and the mud pulser are arranged at the rear part of the self-resetting flexible drill rod, therefore, the guide short section is shorter, and a deflection point of the bending is lower, so that the release of the tool guide performance is facilitated; specifically, the elastic restoring mechanism is a flexible through pressure-bearing metal pipe, and the pressure-bearing standard of the elastic restoring mechanism meets the pressure difference between the drilling fluid in the flexible through pressure-bearing metal pipe and the drilling fluid outside the flexible through pressure-bearing metal pipe.
In this embodiment, be provided with stop gear on articulated transmission nipple joint 2, stop gear can restrict the deflection angle between adjacent articulated transmission nipple joint 2 at 0 ~ 5, when the deflection angle of articulated transmission nipple joint 2 rotated arbitrary angle in the 0 ~ 5 scope, the elastic return mechanism 7 provided orders about the restoring force that articulated transmission nipple joint input and output resume coaxial state is greater than the drilling pressure under this angle and sin alpha, makes articulated transmission nipple joint input and output keep resuming coaxial state's trend.
In this embodiment, particularly as shown in fig. 1, two or more than two fulcrum structures 4 are provided, wherein a section between the first fulcrum structure 41 and the second fulcrum structure 42 is provided as a supporting section, an axial length of the supporting end is greater than 15mm, and is used for keeping a position of the supporting section, and the hinge transmission short section 2 is coaxial with a corresponding section of the flexible member.
In this embodiment, and in particular the high stability short radius whipstock drilling tool shown in fig. 3, the resilient return means 7 may be any resilient member provided as a flexible rod 73; specifically, the elastic element can be a flexible pipe or a flexible rod 73, the flexible element is deformed by the swinging of the articulated transmission short sections 2, the flexibility of the flexible element can resist the deformation trend, and the suppression effect can suppress the swinging of the articulated transmission short sections 2; furthermore, the elastic restoring mechanism 7 includes a plurality of flexible rods 73 which are arranged in the casing of the hinged transmission pup joint bearing drill collar in a centrosymmetric manner, the flexible rods 73 provide restoring force which enables the input shaft and the output shaft of the hinged transmission pup joint 2 to be in the same straight line, or the elastic restoring mechanism can also include a plurality of plate springs and other equivalent substitutes arranged in a deflection space between the lever structure and the casing of the bearing drill collar.
In this embodiment, the outer wall of the guide short section 1 is provided with a centralizer 9, and the guide short section 1 is internally provided with a measurement and control circuit 15, a guide actuating mechanism 13, a rotary valve 26 and an electric actuator 27; specifically, each articulated drive sub 2 comprises at least one universal joint 21, and the universal joint 21 is used for bearing weight and torque in the drilling process and continuously providing power for rotary drilling for the drill bit 3. The maximum limit angle value of all the hinged transmission short sections 2 between the guide actuating mechanism 13 and the remote transmission short sections is larger than 3 degrees, and the optimal range is more than 10 degrees, so that the device has enough flexibility.
In the embodiment, the self-resetting flexible drill rod further comprises an over-deflection transmission mechanism electric line 8, the over-deflection transmission mechanism electric line 8 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the self-resetting flexible drill rod, the over-deflection transmission mechanism electric line 8 and the hinged transmission nipple 2 move synchronously, and the over-deflection transmission mechanism electric line 8 is electrically connected with an electric actuator 27 and a rotary valve 26 in sequence; it should be noted that, because the present invention focuses on solving the problem of stability of the steering, it is particularly required that the vicinity of the steering actuator 13 cannot swing excessively, which may cause the drill bit 3 to advance spirally or to prop against one side of the well wall, and seriously affect the accuracy of controlling the track of the well bore, therefore, the present invention arranges a self-resetting flexible drill rod behind the short section where the steering actuator 13 is located for making the drill string behind the guide joint have a certain coaxiality, the length of the self-resetting flexible drill rod is determined according to the cost, further, the length of the self-resetting flexible drill rod is more than ten times the diameter of the drill bit, and at least includes three weight torque deflection transmission mechanisms 22.
The self-reset flexible drill pipe is provided with a power supply 29 and a mud pulser 30 at the tail end, wherein the power supply 29 can be a downhole turbine generator, and the downhole turbine generator supplies power to the measurement and control circuit 15 and the electric actuator 27 through an electric circuit 8 of the over-deflection transmission mechanism; the mud pulser 30 is communicated with the measurement and control circuit 15 through the over-deflection transmission mechanism electric line 8, and further transmits information in the measurement and control circuit 15 to the ground through pressure pulse waves.
In this embodiment, the minimum distance between the deflection centers of any two weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanisms 22 in the self-resetting flexible drill rod is less than 8 times of the diameter of the drill bit 3, so that the section from the drill bit 3 to the uppermost weight-on-bit torque transmission stub can reach sufficient curvature to complete the drilling of a short-radius well, and the deflection is realized to the maximum extent; specifically, under the condition of the same deflecting performance or the same high-curvature well bore trafficability, the length of each articulated transmission short section 2 is shortened, namely the distance between two deflection points is shortened, so that the deflection limit of each deflection point can be reduced, the effects of protecting the weight-on-bit torque transmission short section from being damaged and reducing downhole vibration are achieved, and particularly, the universal joint 21 used for transmitting rotary drilling power in the weight-on-bit torque transmission short section is protected from being damaged.
Example 2: referring to fig. 8, the present invention provides another technical solution of a guide pipe nipple:
the guide short section 1 comprises a driving mandrel 12 and a guide sleeve 11 sleeved outside the driving mandrel in a sleeving manner, the guide sleeve is sleeved outside the driving mandrel through at least two pairs of composite bearings, each composite bearing comprises a front composite bearing 51 and a rear composite bearing 52, the front end of the driving mandrel is fixedly provided with a drill bit 3, the rear end of the driving mandrel is fixedly connected with the output end of a self-resetting flexible drill rod, and a guide executing mechanism 13, an electric actuator 27 and a measurement and control circuit 15 are arranged in the guide sleeve; the embodiment further includes an electric energy rotation transmission transmitting terminal 411 and an electric energy rotation transmission receiving terminal 412, which are used for transmitting the electric energy transmitted through the electric line of the over-deflection transmission mechanism to the electrical appliance including the electrical actuator in the guide sleeve, and providing the electric energy for the electrical appliance in the guide sleeve. The electric energy rotation transmission transmitting end 411 is fixedly connected with the driving mandrel and electrically connected with the electric line 8 of the over-deflection transmission mechanism, and the electric energy rotation transmission receiving end 412 is fixedly connected with the guide sleeve and at least electrically connected with the electric actuator.
In the embodiment, the high curvature of the well bore, the buckling of the self-resetting flexible drill rod, the well wall scraping and other factors can bring about severe fluctuation of the rotating speed of the drill string. Therefore, in order to avoid damage to the electric energy rotation transmission transmitting end 411 and the electric energy rotation transmission receiving end 412 and to achieve smooth energy receiving and signal transmission of an electric device in the guide sleeve, the electric energy rotation transmission transmitting end 411 and the electric energy rotation transmission receiving end 412 can be a wireless energy transmitting end and a wireless energy receiving end respectively, namely the electric energy rotation transmission transmitting end 411 and the electric energy rotation transmission receiving end 412 transmit energy in a high-frequency wireless power transmission mode, so that the inversion short section 31 arranged behind the driving mandrel 12 accommodates at least one inversion circuit for inverting direct current into high-frequency alternating current mutually matched with the electric energy rotation transmission transmitting end 411. Because the guide short section and the inversion short section inevitably occupy a longer space, a first self-resetting flexible drill rod is arranged between the driving mandrel and the inversion short section, the flexibility is increased, the adaptability of the system to high borehole curvature is improved, meanwhile, the system has certain toughness, the restoring force for restoring the coaxial state is realized in the borehole, the drilling pressure can be transmitted along a straight line at a position close to a drill bit as far as possible, the drilling pressure is not transmitted on a severely bent pipe column, and the bending is further intensified. The inversion short section is used for inverting direct current transmitted by a power supply into high-frequency alternating current within a range of 5-300kHz, the high-frequency alternating current is transmitted to the electric energy rotation transmission transmitting end 411 through an electric circuit 8 of an over-deflection transmission mechanism in the first self-resetting flexible drill rod, and is further received by the electric energy rotation transmission receiving end 412, and the alternating current obtained by receiving the electric energy rotation transmission receiving end 412 is further converted into direct current through a rectifying circuit arranged in the guide sleeve to be used by an electric appliance in the guide sleeve.
The guide executing mechanism is a pushing type guide executing mechanism and at least comprises a hydraulic piston, the hydraulic piston can be directly pushed against the well wall along the radial direction of the guide short section, or the hydraulic piston exerts thrust on the well wall along the radial direction of the guide short section through pushing against a wing rib. In order to further improve the stability of the system and keep the stability of the guide sleeve, each group of piston assemblies is provided with an independent hydraulic system directly connected with a piston cylinder, so that each guide actuating mechanism can apply thrust to a well wall during drilling, vibration of the guide short section is avoided, and interference of the swing of the self-resetting flexible drill rod on the guide short section to perform a guide function is reduced. The electric actuator comprises at least a hydraulic system for providing hydraulic pressure to the hydraulic piston. The guide sleeve comprises at least 3 groups of guide actuating mechanisms and at least three sets of hydraulic systems, and the multiple groups of guide actuating mechanisms respectively push against the well wall along the radial direction of the guide actuating mechanisms to generate resultant force to deflect the drill bit.
Furthermore, a second self-resetting flexible drill rod with a certain length is fixedly connected behind the inversion short section, and the second self-resetting flexible drill rod is used for better improving the transmission state of the bit pressure and the torque at the position close to the drill bit.
It should be noted that the left end in fig. 8 is the drill direction and the front end of the description of the present invention, and the right end in fig. 8 is the direction away from the drill, i.e., the rear end of the description of the present invention.
In addition, the present invention is not repeated for the problems of common sense in the art. For example, the circuit of the invention should be sealed in a pressure-bearing manner, and the electric lines of the invention should be protected by insulation and connected in an insulation manner.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A high-stability short-radius deflecting drilling tool comprises a guide short joint (1), a drill bit (3), a self-resetting flexible drill rod and a centralizer (9), wherein the rear end of the self-resetting flexible drill rod is provided with a driving interface (6) and is driven to a rotary driving power device or other drill strings through the driving interface (6) so as to obtain rotary drilling power required by rotary drilling, and the high-stability short-radius deflecting drilling tool is characterized in that: the front end of the self-resetting flexible drill rod is fixedly connected with the rear end of the guide short section (1), the self-resetting flexible drill rod can transmit the bit pressure and the torque to the guide short section (1) in a rotatable manner, and a drill bit (3) is fixedly arranged at the front end of the guide short section (1);
the centralizer (9) is arranged on the outer side of the guide short section (1), and/or the centralizer (9) is arranged on the outer side of the self-resetting flexible drill rod, and the distance between the centralizer and the front end of the drill bit (3) is less than 3 meters.
2. The high stability short radius whipstock drilling tool of claim 1, wherein: the self-resetting flexible drill rod comprises a plurality of groups of elastic restoring mechanisms (7) and a plurality of hinged transmission short sections (2), at least one bit pressure and torque deflection transmission mechanism (22) is fixed in each hinged transmission short section (2), and the elastic restoring mechanisms (7) are arranged in the hinged transmission short sections (2);
every two are adjacent all be equipped with a set of elasticity answer mechanism (7) in the deflection interval of articulated transmission nipple joint (2), and/or, elasticity answer mechanism runs through a plurality ofly articulated transmission nipple joint (2) and with each be provided with fulcrum structure (4) between articulated transmission nipple joint (2), make can transmit through fulcrum structure (4) in the answer of elasticity answer mechanism (7) answer straight line state articulated transmission nipple joint (2), can make two adjacent articulated transmission nipple joint (2) resume coaxial state.
3. A high stability short radius whipstock drilling tool as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the length of the hinged transmission short section (2) is less than 1.5 m; the limit deflection angle between every two adjacent hinged transmission short joints (2) is less than 8 degrees.
4. A high stability short radius whipstock drilling tool as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the hinged transmission short section (2) extends along the axis direction thereof to form a through structure (23), and a flow channel (28) for circulating a drilling circulation medium is arranged in the through structure (23) and is used for circulating the drilling circulation medium;
and/or, elasticity answer mechanism (7) are used for supplying well drilling circulation medium circulation for elasticity pipe (71), elasticity pipe (71) run through a plurality of articulated transmission nipple joint (2) is inside link up structure (23), elasticity pipe (71) with be provided with fulcrum structure (4) between articulated transmission nipple joint (2), elasticity pipe (71) can be through fulcrum structure (4) to every articulated transmission nipple joint (2) carry out independent support, make elasticity pipe (71) can make two adjacent articulated transmission nipple joint (2) resume coaxial state.
5. The high stability short radius whipstock drilling tool of claim 4, wherein: the articulated transmission short sections (2) are provided with limiting mechanisms, and the limiting mechanisms can limit the deflection angle between every two adjacent articulated transmission short sections (2) to be 0-5 degrees.
6. The high stability short radius whipstock drilling tool of claim 4, wherein: the fulcrum structures (4) are provided with two or more than two, wherein a section between the first fulcrum structure (41) and the second fulcrum structure (42) is set as a supporting section, and the axial length of the supporting end is larger than 15 mm.
7. The high stability short radius whipstock drilling tool of claim 4, wherein: when the bit pressure torque deflection transmission mechanism (22) deflects by any angle, the elastic return mechanism (7) drives the return force of the input end (24) of the bit pressure torque deflection transmission mechanism (22) and the output end (25) of the bit pressure torque deflection transmission mechanism (22) to return to the coaxial state, so that the radial component force generated under the rated maximum bit pressure at the angle can be overcome, and the input end of the universal joint (21) and the output end of the universal joint (21) keep the tendency of returning to the coaxial state.
8. The high stability short radius whipstock drilling tool of claim 1, wherein: and a measurement and control circuit (15), a guide actuating mechanism (13) and an electric actuator (27) are arranged in the guide short section (1).
9. A high stability short radius whipstock drilling tool as claimed in claims 2 and 8, wherein: the self-resetting flexible drill rod further comprises an over-deflection transmission mechanism electric line (8), the over-deflection transmission mechanism electric line (8) is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the self-resetting flexible drill rod, the over-deflection transmission mechanism electric line (8) and the hinged transmission nipple (2) move synchronously, and the over-deflection transmission mechanism electric line is electrically connected with a measurement and control circuit (15) and an electric actuator (27).
10. A high stability short radius whipstock drilling tool as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the minimum distance between the deflection centers of any two weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanisms (22) in the self-resetting flexible drill rod is less than 8 times of the diameter of the drill bit (3).
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010921858.7A CN114135227B (en) | 2020-09-04 | 2020-09-04 | High-stability short-radius deflecting drilling tool |
| PCT/CN2021/116719 WO2022048666A1 (en) | 2020-09-04 | 2021-09-06 | High-stability short-radius slant drilling tool |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010921858.7A CN114135227B (en) | 2020-09-04 | 2020-09-04 | High-stability short-radius deflecting drilling tool |
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| CN114135227A true CN114135227A (en) | 2022-03-04 |
| CN114135227B CN114135227B (en) | 2023-08-08 |
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| CN202010921858.7A Active CN114135227B (en) | 2020-09-04 | 2020-09-04 | High-stability short-radius deflecting drilling tool |
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| CN (1) | CN114135227B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2022048666A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
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| CN114856441A (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2022-08-05 | 浙江大学 | Robot for walking and drilling on seabed |
| CN114876419A (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2022-08-09 | 四川轻化工大学 | Flexible sieve tube with automatic re-setting function |
| CN114991684A (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2022-09-02 | 四川中安嘉盛石油科技有限公司 | Flexible nipple for rotary steering drilling and mounting method thereof |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114776235A (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-07-22 | 北京全地科技有限公司 | Hydraulic push-leaning type self-resetting flexible drill rod and drill string |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2022048666A1 (en) | 2022-03-10 |
| CN114135227B (en) | 2023-08-08 |
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