CN112554794A - High-precision short-radius rotary steering drilling tool - Google Patents
High-precision short-radius rotary steering drilling tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN112554794A CN112554794A CN202011414152.8A CN202011414152A CN112554794A CN 112554794 A CN112554794 A CN 112554794A CN 202011414152 A CN202011414152 A CN 202011414152A CN 112554794 A CN112554794 A CN 112554794A
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 6
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- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/02—Determining slope or direction
- E21B47/022—Determining slope or direction of the borehole, e.g. using geomagnetism
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/02—Determining slope or direction
- E21B47/024—Determining slope or direction of devices in the borehole
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-precision short-radius rotary steering drilling tool which comprises a steering drilling nipple, a weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanism, a tool face angle measurement module, a control module, a jumper line and a driving drill string, wherein the steering drilling nipple is connected with a conventional drill string or a rotary driving device above the steering drilling nipple through the driving drill string. The guide drilling short section consists of a drill bit and a guide short section, the guide short section comprises a bearing body, and the drill bit is fixed at the tail end of the bearing body. The driving drill string comprises a plurality of bearing short sections which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, the bearing short section positioned at the lowest position is connected with the bearing body, and the adjacent two bearing short sections and the bearing body are hinged through a bit pressure torque deflection transmission mechanism; the invention can effectively realize drilling, measurement and guidance under the condition of short-extremely short radius well bores, and further realize the guiding drilling of high-curvature well bores or the guiding drilling of high-curvature well section extension well bores.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of short-radius rotary steering drilling tools, in particular to a high-precision short-radius rotary steering drilling tool.
Background
The development of many hydrocarbon reservoirs, or solid reservoirs requiring fluid production, requires the use of a large amount of drilling technology, even horizontal well drilling technology; because the existing directional drilling technology can not realize short-radius steering, the ultra-thin reservoir is difficult to develop; or a directional well which is difficult to deflect in the cover layer but needs large curvature steering after entering the reservoir; or to achieve branch drilling as much as possible; or making a large angle turn in shallow formations, or by sidetracking a lateral well in an existing wellbore to effect the exploitation of the parawell reserves; in the prior art, the utilization of the beside-well reserves is generally realized by adopting a mode of drilling a branch well by a screw drilling tool with a bent joint; the existing data show that the existing screw drill directional drilling technology and other directional drilling technologies cannot exceed the build-up rate of 15 DEG/30 m.
In conclusion, the curvature of the well hole is too large, and the existing directional well technology with controllable track cannot be realized; the well bore curvature is too small, so that the deflecting section is too long, a great amount of ineffective footage can be generated on the well section in a turning state, the economic benefit is poor, and the operation difficulty of constructing the well section is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the present invention provides a high-precision short-radius rotary steerable drilling tool to solve the above-mentioned problems in the background art. The directional drilling device is used for realizing the directional drilling with the turning radius smaller than 50 meters or completing the directional drilling of the extended well section of the high-curvature well section with the turning radius smaller than 50 meters.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a high-precision short-radius rotary steerable drilling tool, comprising:
the guide drilling short section comprises a drill bit and a guide short section, the guide short section comprises a bearing body, a deflection guide mechanism and a drill bit posture measuring module are arranged on the bearing body, the drill bit is connected to the lower end of the bearing body, and the deflection guide mechanism can drive the drill bit to deflect in a preset direction;
the driving drill string comprises a plurality of bearing short sections which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, the bearing short section positioned at the lowest position is connected with the bearing body, and the adjacent two bearing short sections and the bearing body are hinged through a bit pressure torque deflection transmission mechanism;
the electric driving actuator can drive the guide mechanism to realize a guide function;
the electric drive actuator driving module rotates along with the bearing body and the bearing short section and can realize a guiding function by driving the electric drive actuator;
the control module rotates along with the bearing body and the bearing short section and can realize a guiding function by driving the driving module of the electric driving actuator;
the tool face angle measuring module rotates along with the bearing body and the bearing short section, can measure the tool face angle of the high-precision short-radius rotary steering drilling tool, and assists the control module to realize the functions of the tool face angle measuring module;
it should be noted that the tool face angle measurement module, the drill bit attitude measurement module, the control module, and the electric actuator driving module all describe their functions, and do not mean that the above modules cannot be combined, for example, the measurement module and the control module are implemented by using the same circuit board, and for example, the control module and the electric actuator driving module are implemented by using the same circuit board.
A jumper capable of transmitting electrical energy and/or signals across the weight-on-bit torque deflection transfer mechanism.
The electric power and/or electronic equipment arranged on different short sections can be electrically connected with the jumper line so as to realize electric power and/or communication connection. The power and/or electronic device comprises the tool face angle measurement module, a drill bit attitude measurement module, the control module, the electric drive actuator drive module, a tool face angle measurement module, an electric drive actuator.
The weight-on-bit torque deflection transmitting mechanism may comprise a universal joint, or comprise a universal joint and an articulation structure, or comprise a torque transmitting shaft and an articulation structure.
Further, the high-precision short-radius rotary steering drilling tool comprises a steering drilling nipple, a weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanism, a driving nipple and a driving drill string, wherein the steering drilling nipple is connected with a conventional drill rod, the rigidity of the conventional drill rod is far greater than that of the high-precision short-radius rotary steering drilling tool, the conventional drill rod is driven by a rotary device at a well mouth, and the rotary device can be a rotary table, a top drive, a rotary head and the like which provide rotary power for drilling.
The guide drilling short section comprises a drill bit and a guide short section, the guide short section comprises a bearing body, the drill bit is fixed at the tail end of the bearing body, and a drill bit posture measuring module, an electric driving actuator driving module, a control module and a deflection guide mechanism capable of driving the drill bit to deflect in a preset direction are arranged on the bearing body;
the driving drill string comprises a plurality of bearing short sections which are connected in sequence, one bearing short section which is positioned at the tail end is hinged with the bearing body through a weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanism, and every two adjacent bearing short sections are hinged through the weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanism.
Further, as a preferred option, the deflection guide mechanism comprises at least three driving hydraulic cylinders arranged on the inner wall of the bearing body in a circumferential array, each driving hydraulic cylinder is composed of a piston cylinder connected to the inner wall of the bearing body, a driving piston and a pushing part, the driving piston is arranged in the piston cylinder, and the pushing part is fixed on the driving piston.
Further, preferably, the tool face angle measuring sub is provided with a tool face angle measuring module, the tool face angle measuring module is electrically connected with the control module, the control module can drive the electric drive actuator to realize a guiding function through the electric drive actuator driving module, and the tool face angle measuring sub is connected between the guiding drilling sub and the driving drill string, or the tool face angle measuring sub is connected to any position in the driving drill string, or the tool face angle measuring sub is connected to the upper end of the driving drill string. The tool face angle measuring short section is connected with any adjacent bearing short section, bearing body or other functional short sections through the weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanism.
The tool face angle measurement module 42 includes at least any one or combination of an acceleration sensor capable of measuring a radial acceleration component, a magnetometer capable of measuring a radial magnetic flux component.
The rear tool face angle measuring module can well prevent vibration at the drill bit or prevent magnetic field interference at the position close to the drill bit.
Further, as preferred, the upper end coaxial coupling of drill bit has the transmission lever, the transmission lever pass through controllable universal joint with the lower part that bears the weight of the body meets, just the transmission lever with bear and be formed with the free gap between the body, be equipped with in the free gap deflection guiding mechanism and be located the top of controllable universal joint, so that the drive piston can pass through transmission lever and wall of a well butt, the flexible drive of drive piston the transmission lever winds the center of controllable universal joint rotates, thereby makes the transmission lever drive the drill bit is according to predetermineeing the direction deflection.
Further, preferably, the electrically-driven actuator includes a plurality of solenoid valves corresponding to the driving hydraulic cylinders one to one, each solenoid valve is electrically connected to the electrically-driven actuator driving module, each solenoid valve has a first passage and a second passage, the first passage is communicated with the driving hydraulic cylinder, the second passage is communicated with the through flow passage, and the solenoid valves can periodically communicate the through flow passage with the driving hydraulic cylinders.
Further, preferably, the electrically-driven actuator comprises a rotary valve and a driving motor, a through flow passage is arranged on the bearing body, the rotary valve can enable the through flow passage to be periodically communicated with the driving hydraulic cylinder, and the driving motor is electrically connected with a driving module of the electrically-driven actuator;
the rotary valve comprises a rotary valve rotor and a rotary valve stator, the rotary valve stator is fixedly connected with the bearing body, and the rotary valve stator is provided with a plurality of valve positions which are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with the driving hydraulic cylinders;
the driving motor comprises a driving motor rotor and a driving motor stator, and the driving motor stator is fixedly connected with the bearing body; the rotary valve rotor is coupled with the driving motor rotor, and the driving motor rotor can drive the rotary valve rotor to rotate relative to the rotary valve stator.
Further, as a preferred option, the system further comprises a well inclination angle measuring module, wherein the well inclination angle measuring module is fixedly arranged in the bearing short section, the well inclination angle measuring module comprises at least one acceleration sensor used for measuring an axial acceleration component, and the distance from the arrangement position of the acceleration sensor to the lower end of the drill bit is less than five times of the diameter of the drill bit.
Further, as preferred, still include the power nipple joint, the power nipple joint is connected in the top of drive drill column.
Further, preferably, the bearing body is made of a non-magnetic material; the drill bit attitude measurement module is manufactured by a thick film circuit process; the control module is made by a thick film circuit process.
Specifically, as an easy implementation scheme, the drill attitude measurement module 41 is disposed in the through flow passage 1211 of the bearing body, and the drilling circulation medium can bypass the attitude measurement module and flow from top to bottom to the drill. The attitude measurement module needs to be arranged in a pressure-bearing cavity, the pressure-bearing cavity is fixedly arranged inside the flow channel of the bearing body, and the specific operation mode of the attitude measurement module is regarded as the content of the informed meeting of the technical personnel in the field and is not described herein again.
Further, the method preferably comprises a high-precision short-radius rotary steering drilling tool thin layer closed-loop automatic control method: the high-precision short-radius rotary steering drilling tool further comprises an azimuth gamma ray sensor and a storage chip, the storage chip can store a preset azimuth angle, the azimuth gamma ray sensor can measure the gamma ray intensity around the well, the control chip can judge the distance from the high-precision short-radius rotary steering drilling tool to a mudstone layer according to the gamma ray intensity towards the direction of the mudstone layer, and further the high-precision short-radius rotary steering drilling tool is controlled to keep a proper distance from the mudstone layer. In conclusion, the high-precision short-radius rotary steering drilling tool is enabled to drill towards a proper direction and keep a proper distance from a mudstone layer.
Further, preferably, the high-precision short-radius rotary steerable drilling tool comprises a power supply short section, the power supply short section is connected in series between any two bearing short sections or bearing bodies near the drill bit, and the power supply short section and the adjacent bearing short section or bearing body are connected by adopting the weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanism. The control chip adopts a closed-loop control mode to realize the guided drilling. The mud pulser has the advantages that a cable is not required to be connected to the mud pulser in the main borehole, and potential safety hazards are greatly reduced.
The number of the blades is consistent with that of the driving pistons, and the blades and the driving pistons are alternately arranged.
And a pressure-bearing pipe is arranged in the through structure, and the maximum internal pressure resistance pressure value of the pressure-bearing pipe is greater than the rated pressure capable of enabling the driving hydraulic cylinder to work. This has the advantage that it is possible to provide sufficient working pressure to the drive cylinder.
The rotary transformer is coaxially connected with the rotary valve, and the rotary transformer can measure the tool face angle of the rotary valve. It should be noted that the tool face of the rotary valve may be defined as any structure that rotates synchronously with the rotary valve or any structure on the rotary valve.
By adopting the technology, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the high-precision short-radius rotary steering drilling tool, the deflection steering mechanism is arranged, so that the deflection steering mechanism can drive the drill bit to deflect in a preset direction under the rotation condition to change the track of a well hole, and therefore short-extremely short-radius directional drilling is achieved or directional drilling of an extended well section of the short-extremely short-radius well section is completed through the short-extremely short-radius well section; the electric drive actuator driving module containing a large number of power devices and needing a heat dissipation space is arranged in the tool face angle measuring short section at the rear of the bearing body, so that only the deflection guide mechanism and the electric drive actuator are reserved in the guide short section, the length of the guide short section is effectively shortened, and the orientation function is easily realized in a high-curvature well.
2. The invention selects the electric drive actuator to distribute the drilling circulation medium in the through flow passage for driving the hydraulic cylinder so as to realize the guiding to a specific direction, can save the amount of energy required in the guiding process to the maximum extent, and plays an important role in reducing the volumes of mechanical structures and circuits.
3. The tool face angle measuring module is fixedly arranged in the tool face angle measuring short joint, the tool face angle measurement of the high-precision short-radius rotary steering drilling tool is realized without depending on an inertia platform, a large amount of space occupied by the inertia platform and hidden dangers brought by the inertia platform are eliminated, and the high-precision short-radius rotary steering drilling tool is facilitated
4. The control module and the driving module of the electric driving actuator are both arranged inside the tool face angle measuring short section of the electric driving actuator, so that the control module can more quickly and quickly control the switch tube driver through the PWM signal, the switch tube driver further drives the switch tube to realize the control of the electric driving actuator, and the possible interference in a control link is greatly reduced.
5. The tool face angle measuring module is arranged at the tool face angle measuring short section and at the rear of the bearing body, so that the tool face angle measuring module can be far away from vibration interference and/or magnetic field interference at a position close to a drill bit, and the measuring precision is greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a high-precision short-radius rotary steerable drilling tool;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial schematic view of a first embodiment of a high-precision short radius rotary steerable drilling tool;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a high-precision short radius rotary steerable drilling tool;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of a high-precision short-radius rotary steerable drilling tool;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of a high-precision short-radius rotary steerable drilling tool;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view A of a tool face angle measurement stub and a drive stub sharing the same bearing stub in a high-precision short-radius rotary steerable drilling tool;
fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram B of a tool face angle measurement short section and a drive short section sharing the same bearing short section in a high-precision short-radius rotary steerable drilling tool.
In the figure: 41. a drill bit attitude measurement module; 42. a tool face-to-side face module; 100. guiding drilling short sections; 110. a drill bit, 111, a transmission lever; 112. a controllable gimbal; 120. a guide short section; 121. a load-bearing body; 1211. a through flow channel; 131. driving the hydraulic cylinder; 1311. a piston cylinder; 1312. a drive piston; 1313. A backup member; 140. an electrically driven actuator; 141. rotating the valve; 1411. a rotary valve rotor; 1412. a rotary valve stator; 142. a drive motor; 1421. driving a motor rotor; 1422. a drive motor stator; 143. an electromagnetic valve; 200. driving the drill string; 210. a bearing short section; 220. a weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanism; 221. a transfer gimbal; 222. fixing the sleeve; 223. a flow tube; 224. a torque transfer shaft; 225. a hinge structure; 230. an electrically driven actuator drive module; 231. the switch tube carries a circuit board; 232. the switch tube driver carries a circuit board; 240. connecting a line in a bridging way; 270. a control module; 280. a tool face angle measuring short joint; 290. driving the short section; 300. a main wellbore.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1: referring to FIGS. 1-7, therein: the reference numeral 3 is a through structure, the reference numeral 281 is a tool face angle measurement joint pressure-bearing body and a drive short joint pressure-bearing body, and the reference numeral 282 is a tool face angle measurement joint pressure-bearing sleeve and a drive short joint pressure-bearing sleeve, and the invention provides a technical scheme that: a high-precision short-radius rotary steering drilling tool comprises a steering drilling short section 100, a drilling torque deflection transmission mechanism 220, a driving short section 290 and a driving drill string 200, wherein the steering drilling short section 100 is connected to the driving short section 290 in a driving mode through the driving drill string 200, an electric drive actuator driving module 230 is fixedly arranged in the driving short section 290, the steering drilling short section 100 is composed of a drill bit 110 and a steering short section 120, the steering short section 120 comprises a bearing body 121, the drill bit 110 is fixed at the tail end of the bearing body 121, a drill bit posture measuring module 41, an electric drive actuator 140, an electric drive actuator driving module 230, a control module 270 and a deflection guide mechanism capable of driving the drill bit 110 to deflect in a preset direction are arranged on the bearing body 121; specifically, the drill attitude measurement module 41 is disposed below the electric drive actuator 140, and the drill attitude measurement module 41 is disposed coaxially with the drill 110; the control module 270 can realize a guiding function by driving the electric drive actuator driving module 230, the electric drive actuator driving module 230 can realize a guiding function by driving the electric drive actuator 140, and the electric drive actuator 140 can drive a guiding mechanism to realize a guiding function; furthermore, the control module 270 is fixedly disposed inside the tool face angle measurement sub 280, the control module 270 is electrically connected to the electric-driven actuator driving module 230 inside the tool face angle measurement sub 280, the control module 270 is electrically connected to the tool face angle measurement module 42 and the electric-driven actuator driving module 230, and the control module 270 can control the electric-driven actuator 140 to execute the command action according to the detection data of the tool face angle measurement module 42.
As a preferred embodiment, the drill attitude measurement module 41 is disposed in the through flow passage 1211 of the bearing body, the drilling circulation medium can flow from top to bottom to the drill bypassing the drill attitude measurement module 41, the drill attitude measurement module 41 needs to be disposed in a pressure-bearing cavity, and the pressure-bearing cavity is fixedly disposed inside the flow passage of the bearing body.
The driving drill string 200 comprises a plurality of sequentially connected bearing short sections 210, one bearing short section 210 at the extreme end is hinged with the bearing body 121 through a weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanism 220, and every two adjacent bearing short sections 210 are hinged through the weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanism 220; specifically, the tool face angle measurement module 280 is fixedly disposed in any of the carrier subs 210, and is capable of measuring the tool face angle of the high-precision short-radius rotary steerable drilling tool and assisting the control module 270 in achieving the function thereof.
In this embodiment, the deflection guiding mechanism includes at least three driving hydraulic cylinders 131 circumferentially arranged on the inner wall of the bearing body 121, each driving hydraulic cylinder 131 is composed of a piston cylinder 1311 connected to the inner wall of the bearing body 121, a driving piston 1312 and a pushing member 1313, the driving piston 1312 is arranged in the piston cylinder 1311, and the pushing member 1313 is fixed on the driving piston 1312.
It should be noted that the purpose and meaning of using the driving hydraulic cylinder 131 is that the hydraulic pressure can push against the borehole wall with a relatively constant flexible pressure, and can stably run within a certain borehole curvature range without being clamped; furthermore, since downhole tool designs are space constrained, the shape of the drive piston 1312 and the piston cylinder 1311 need not be standard cylindrical shapes, and the drive piston 1312 could be a piston structure, a plunger structure, or any equivalent alternative; any sealing means which is helpful for the extension and contraction functions of the driving piston 1312, such as a metal seal, a rubber seal or an O-ring seal, can be adopted between the driving piston 1312 and the piston cylinder 1311; the cross-sectional shapes of the piston cylinder 1311 and the drive piston 1312 are adapted and may be circular, square, slotted, etc.
It should be noted that the drill 110 is made of a non-magnetic material, so that the interference to the magnetometer can be better avoided.
In this embodiment, a tool face angle measurement nipple 280 is further arranged between the guided drilling nipple 100 and the driving drill string 200, a tool face angle measurement module 42 is arranged in the tool face angle measurement nipple 280, the tool face angle measurement module 42 is electrically connected with the control module 270, and the control module 270 can drive the electric drive actuator 140 to guide through the electric drive actuator driving module 230; in particular, the toolface angle measurement module 42 may include at least any one or combination of an acceleration sensor capable of measuring a radial acceleration component and a magnetometer capable of measuring a radial magnetic flux component, which is advantageous in that the subsequent toolface angle measurement module may be well protected from vibrations at the drill bit or magnetic field disturbances near the drill bit.
In this embodiment, the upper end of the drill bit 110 is coaxially connected to a transmission lever 111, the transmission lever 111 is connected to the lower portion of the bearing body 121 through a controllable universal joint 112, a movable gap is formed between the transmission lever 111 and the bearing body 121, a deflection guide mechanism is disposed in the movable gap and located above the controllable universal joint 112, so that the driving piston 1312 can abut against the well wall through the transmission lever 111, and the driving lever 111 is driven by the extension and retraction of the driving piston 1312 to rotate around the center of the controllable universal joint 122, so that the transmission lever 111 drives the drill bit 110 to deflect in a preset direction.
It should be noted that the length of the upper moment arm of the transmission lever 111 is at least 30% of the distance between the controllable universal joint 112 and the adjacent weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanism 220 above the controllable universal joint, so that the space of the bearing body 121 can be fully utilized to extend the upper moment arm, and the drill 110 can obtain as much guiding force as possible;
the length of the lower force arm of the transmission lever 111 is less than 50% of the distance between the controllable universal joint 112 and the adjacent weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanism 220 above the controllable universal joint, so that the interference of the torque or vibration of the drill bit 110 on the transmission lever 111 is relieved as much as possible, and the stability of the guiding process is enhanced to the maximum extent.
The length c of the upper arm of the transmission lever 111 is the distance from the controllable universal joint 112 to the point of application of the deflection guide mechanism 130 to the transmission lever, and the length b of the lower arm is the distance from the lower end face of the drill bit 110 to the controllable universal joint 112.
Further, the distance d between the yaw guide mechanism 130 and the upper end of the drill bit 110 is at least 50% of the distance a between the upper end of the drill bit 110 and the adjacent controllable gimbal 112 thereabove, so that the load-bearing body 121 can apply a sufficient lateral force to the drill bit 110.
In this embodiment, the drilling tool further includes a well inclination angle measuring module, the well inclination angle measuring module is fixedly disposed in the bearing short section 210, the well inclination angle measuring module includes at least one acceleration sensor for measuring an axial acceleration component, and a distance from a position where the acceleration sensor is disposed to the lower end of the drill bit 110 is less than five times of a diameter of the drill bit 110.
In this embodiment, a power sub is further included, and the power sub is connected to the top end of the drive drill string 200.
In this embodiment, the bearing body 121 is made of a non-magnetic material; the drill attitude measurement module 41 is made by a thick film circuit process; the control module 270 is made by a thick film circuit process.
Example 2: referring to fig. 3, the present invention provides a third controlled deflection driving scheme: the driving hydraulic cylinder 131 is disposed below the weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanism 220 connected to the bearing body 121, and the distance from the disposed position of the driving hydraulic cylinder 131 to the drill bit 110 is smaller than the distance from the driving hydraulic cylinder 131 to the weight-on-bit torque deflection transmission mechanism 220 connected to the bearing body 121, so that the acting point of the thrust force is closer to the drill bit 110 and away from the steering point, thereby driving the drill bit 110 to deflect in the steering direction.
The electric actuator 140 comprises a rotary valve 141 and a driving motor 142, a through flow passage 1211 is arranged on the bearing body 121, the rotary valve 141 can enable the through flow passage 1211 to be periodically communicated with the driving hydraulic cylinder 131, and the driving motor 142 is electrically connected with the electric actuator driving module 230;
the rotary valve 141 comprises a rotary valve rotor 1411 and a rotary valve stator 1412, the rotary valve stator 1411 is fixedly connected with the bearing body 121, and the rotary valve stator 1411 is provided with a plurality of valve positions corresponding to the driving hydraulic cylinders 131 one by one;
the driving motor 142 comprises a driving motor rotor 1421 and a driving motor stator 1422, and the driving motor stator 1422 is fixedly connected with the bearing body 121; the rotary valve rotor 1411 is coupled to the driving motor rotor 1421, and the driving motor rotor 1421 can drive the rotary valve rotor 1411 to rotate relative to the rotary valve stator 1412.
It should be noted that the preset mode of presetting the guiding direction may be presetting before the tool is put into the well or presetting through a signal under the pressure change or flow change of mud in the drilling process; drilling fluid from a drill string water hole enters the drill bit 110 through the through flow passage 1211 of the bearing body 121 and then flows into the annular space, a nozzle or other throttling devices 1212 capable of generating throttling pressure drop are arranged in the drill bit 110 or in a flow passage between the drill bit 110 and the rotary valve 141, when the drilling fluid flows through the nozzle or the throttling structure, pressure drop is generated, namely working pressure difference of the driving hydraulic cylinder 131, the specific process and principle of generating the pressure drop are in the field, and details are not repeated herein; the periodic communication means that the communication between the through flow channel and the driving hydraulic cylinder is periodically changed along with the rotation of the short-radius drilling tool so as to ensure that the driving hydraulic cylinder in a specific sector obtains hydraulic pressure to drive the transmission lever to drive the drill bit to deflect towards the guiding direction; the mutual coupling refers to a connection mode which can ensure that the driving motor rotor and the rotary valve rotor synchronously rotate, and includes but is not limited to plugging.
Example 3: referring to fig. 4, the present invention provides a second controlled deflection driving scheme: the electrically-driven actuator 140 comprises a plurality of electromagnetic valves 143 corresponding to the driving hydraulic cylinders 131 one by one, each electromagnetic valve 143 is electrically connected to the electrically-driven actuator driving module 230, each electromagnetic valve 143 has a first passage and a second passage, the first passage is communicated with the driving hydraulic cylinder 131, the second passage is communicated with the through flow passage 1211, and the electromagnetic valves 143 can periodically communicate the through flow passage 1211 with the driving hydraulic cylinders 131; specifically, the control circuit of the electric drive actuator 140 opens the passage of the two-position two-way valve corresponding to the drive hydraulic cylinder 131 in the sector opposite to the guiding direction, so that the high-pressure fluid in the through flow passage flows into the piston cylinder 1311 through the electromagnetic valve 143 and the through flow passage 1211, a large pressure difference is generated between the inside and the outside of the drive hydraulic cylinder 131, and the drive piston 1312 pushes against the wall of the well to generate guiding thrust; correspondingly, the two-position two-way valve corresponding to the driving hydraulic cylinder 131 in the area of the guiding direction is in a closed state, the drilling fluid of the driving hydraulic cylinder 131 in the area of the guiding direction is discharged out of the piston through the throttling device 1212, no thrust is generated, so that the drilling fluid in the hydraulic cylinder is periodically distributed to each driving hydraulic cylinder 131 by the electromagnetic valve 143 under the control of the control circuit of the electric actuator 140 along with the rotation of the drill string, and the resultant force generated by each driving hydraulic cylinder 131 along the radial well wall of the hydraulic cylinder deflects the pushing bit 110, so as to achieve the purpose of changing the track of the borehole 300.
It should be noted that the preset mode of presetting the guiding direction may be presetting before the tool is put into the well or presetting through a signal under the pressure change or flow change of mud in the drilling process; it is within the scope of the present invention to use a motor or other means to independently drive a valve to open/close between first and second passages 1431 and 1432, all falling within the scope of the present invention as an equivalent replacement for solenoid valve 143.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. A high-precision short-radius rotary steerable drilling tool, comprising:
the guide drilling short section (100) comprises a drill bit (110) and a guide short section (120), the guide short section (120) comprises a bearing body (121), a deflection guide mechanism (130) and a drill bit posture measuring module (41) are arranged on the bearing body (121), the drill bit (110) is connected to the lower end of the bearing body (121), and the deflection guide mechanism can drive the drill bit to deflect according to a preset direction;
the driving drill string (200) comprises a plurality of bearing short sections which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, the bearing short section positioned at the lowest position is connected with the bearing body, and the adjacent two bearing short sections and the bearing body are hinged through a bit pressure torque deflection transmission mechanism (220);
the electric driving actuator (140) can drive the guide mechanism to realize a guide function;
an electrically driven actuator driving module (230) capable of implementing a steering function by driving the electrically driven actuator;
a control module (250) capable of performing a steering function by driving the electrically driven actuator driving module;
a tool face angle measurement module (280) capable of measuring the tool face angle of the high-precision short-radius rotary steerable drilling tool and assisting the control module in achieving its function;
2. a high precision short radius rotary steerable drilling tool as in claim 1, wherein: the deflection guide mechanism comprises at least three driving hydraulic cylinders (131) arranged on the inner wall of the bearing body (121) in a circumferential array mode, the driving hydraulic cylinders (131) are composed of piston cylinders (1311) connected to the inner wall of the bearing body (121), driving pistons (1312) and pushing pieces (1313), the driving pistons (1312) are arranged in the piston cylinders (1311), and the pushing pieces (1313) are fixed on the driving pistons (1312).
3. A high precision short radius rotary steerable drilling tool as in claim 2, wherein: the high-precision short-radius rotary steering drilling tool further comprises a tool face angle measuring short joint (280), a tool face angle measuring module (42) is arranged in the tool face angle measuring short joint (280), and the tool face angle measuring module (42) is electrically connected with the control module (270). The tool face angle measuring module is arranged between the bearing body and any bearing short section or between any two bearing short sections, and the tool face angle measuring short section (280) is connected with the bearing short section or the bearing body through a bit pressure torque deflection transmission mechanism (220).
4. A high precision short radius rotary steerable drilling tool as in claim 3, wherein: the upper end of the drill bit (110) is coaxially connected with a transmission lever (111), the transmission lever (111) is connected with the lower portion of the bearing body (121) through a controllable universal joint (112), a movable gap is formed between the transmission lever (111) and the bearing body (121), the deflection guide mechanism is arranged in the movable gap and located above the controllable universal joint (112), so that the driving piston (1312) can be abutted to a well wall through the transmission lever (111), the transmission lever (111) is driven to rotate around the center of the controllable universal joint (122) by the extension and contraction of the driving piston (1312), and the transmission lever (111) drives the drill bit (110) to deflect in a preset direction.
5. A high precision short radius rotary steerable drilling tool as in claim 3, wherein: the electric drive actuator (140) comprises a plurality of electromagnetic valves (143) which are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with the drive hydraulic cylinders (131), each electromagnetic valve (143) is electrically connected with the electric drive actuator drive module (230), each electromagnetic valve (143) is provided with a first passage and a second passage, the first passage is communicated with the drive hydraulic cylinders (131), the second passage is communicated with the through flow channel (1211), and the electromagnetic valves (143) can periodically communicate the through flow channel (1211) with the drive hydraulic cylinders (131).
6. A high precision short radius rotary steerable drilling tool as in claim 3, wherein: the electric drive actuator (140) comprises a rotary valve (141) and a drive motor (142), a through flow passage (1211) is arranged on the bearing body (121), the rotary valve (141) can enable the through flow passage (1211) to be periodically communicated with the drive hydraulic cylinder (131), and the drive motor (142) is electrically connected with the electric drive actuator drive module (230);
the rotary valve (141) comprises a rotary valve rotor (1411) and a rotary valve stator (1412), the rotary valve stator (1411) is fixedly connected with the bearing body (121), and the rotary valve stator (1411) is provided with a plurality of valve positions which are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with the driving hydraulic cylinders (131);
the driving motor (142) comprises a driving motor rotor (1421) and a driving motor stator (1422), and the driving motor stator (1422) is fixedly connected with the bearing body (121); the rotary valve rotor (1411) is coupled with the driving motor rotor (1421), and the driving motor rotor (1421) can drive the rotary valve rotor (1411) to rotate relative to the rotary valve stator (1412).
7. A high precision short radius rotary steerable drilling tool as in claim 1, wherein: the high-precision short-radius rotary steering drilling tool further comprises a well drill bit attitude module, wherein the drill bit attitude measurement module is fixedly arranged in the bearing short section (210), comprises at least one acceleration sensor used for measuring an axial acceleration component, and can measure a well inclination angle of a position near a drill bit in the high-precision short-radius rotary steering drilling tool. The distance from the setting position of the acceleration sensor to the lower end of the drill bit (110) is less than five times of the diameter of the drill bit (110).
8. A high precision short radius rotary steerable drilling tool as in claim 1, wherein: the power supply short joint is connected to the top end of the driving drill string (200).
9. A high precision short radius rotary steerable drilling tool as in claim 1, wherein: the bearing body (121) is made of a non-magnetic material; the drill bit attitude measurement module (41) is manufactured by a thick film circuit process.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011414152.8A CN112554794A (en) | 2020-12-04 | 2020-12-04 | High-precision short-radius rotary steering drilling tool |
| CN202110321191.1A CN112901075A (en) | 2020-12-04 | 2021-03-25 | High-precision short-radius rotary steering drilling tool |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011414152.8A CN112554794A (en) | 2020-12-04 | 2020-12-04 | High-precision short-radius rotary steering drilling tool |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112554794A true CN112554794A (en) | 2021-03-26 |
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Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011414152.8A Pending CN112554794A (en) | 2020-12-04 | 2020-12-04 | High-precision short-radius rotary steering drilling tool |
| CN202110321191.1A Withdrawn CN112901075A (en) | 2020-12-04 | 2021-03-25 | High-precision short-radius rotary steering drilling tool |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110321191.1A Withdrawn CN112901075A (en) | 2020-12-04 | 2021-03-25 | High-precision short-radius rotary steering drilling tool |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (2) | CN112554794A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113107365A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-07-13 | 万晓跃 | Flexible rotary drilling guide device |
| CN113374415A (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2021-09-10 | 北京中煤矿山工程有限公司 | Small-radius drilling equipment capable of accurately controlling drilling direction |
| WO2022228397A1 (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2022-11-03 | 徐梓辰 | Rotary steerable drilling tool |
| WO2023284883A1 (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2023-01-19 | 蓝土地能源技术有限公司 | Flexible branch downhole drilling tool |
| CN117418782A (en) * | 2023-10-31 | 2024-01-19 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Pipeline road traversing equipment based on geosteering |
| WO2024017357A1 (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2024-01-25 | 蓝土地能源技术有限公司 | Microhole drilling apparatus |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112267830A (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2021-01-26 | 万晓跃 | Short radius controllable track drilling tool |
| CN115387731A (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2022-11-25 | 西南石油大学 | Mud-driven guiding drilling system |
| CN115628010B (en) * | 2022-12-21 | 2023-04-07 | 中海油田服务股份有限公司 | Rotary steering tool and drilling tool using same |
-
2020
- 2020-12-04 CN CN202011414152.8A patent/CN112554794A/en active Pending
-
2021
- 2021-03-25 CN CN202110321191.1A patent/CN112901075A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113107365A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-07-13 | 万晓跃 | Flexible rotary drilling guide device |
| WO2022228397A1 (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2022-11-03 | 徐梓辰 | Rotary steerable drilling tool |
| WO2022228393A1 (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2022-11-03 | 万晓跃 | Flexible rotary drilling guide device |
| CN113107365B (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2024-02-27 | 万晓跃 | Flexible rotary drilling guide device |
| CN113374415A (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2021-09-10 | 北京中煤矿山工程有限公司 | Small-radius drilling equipment capable of accurately controlling drilling direction |
| WO2023284883A1 (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2023-01-19 | 蓝土地能源技术有限公司 | Flexible branch downhole drilling tool |
| WO2024017357A1 (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2024-01-25 | 蓝土地能源技术有限公司 | Microhole drilling apparatus |
| CN117418782A (en) * | 2023-10-31 | 2024-01-19 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Pipeline road traversing equipment based on geosteering |
| CN117418782B (en) * | 2023-10-31 | 2024-04-02 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Pipeline road traversing equipment based on geosteering |
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| CN112901075A (en) | 2021-06-04 |
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Application publication date: 20210326 |
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