CN112204105B - 树脂组合物、预浸料、覆金属箔层叠板、树脂片及印刷电路板 - Google Patents
树脂组合物、预浸料、覆金属箔层叠板、树脂片及印刷电路板 Download PDFInfo
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- CN112204105B CN112204105B CN201980035966.XA CN201980035966A CN112204105B CN 112204105 B CN112204105 B CN 112204105B CN 201980035966 A CN201980035966 A CN 201980035966A CN 112204105 B CN112204105 B CN 112204105B
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Abstract
一种树脂组合物,其含有马来酰亚胺化合物(A)、氰酸酯化合物(B)、式(1)所示的数均分子量为1000以上且7000的聚苯醚化合物(C)及具有苯乙烯骨架的嵌段共聚物(D)。式(1)中,X表示芳基,‑(Y‑О)n2‑表示聚苯醚部分,R1、R2、R3分别独立地表示氢原子、烷基、烯基或炔基,n2表示1~100的整数,n1表示1~6的整数,n3表示1~4的整数。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及树脂组合物、使用前述树脂组合物的预浸料、前述树脂组合物、或使用预浸料的覆金属箔层叠板及树脂片以及使用它们的印刷电路板。
背景技术
近年来,电子设备、通信机、个人计算机等中使用的半导体的高集成化/微细化日益加速。与之相伴,对印刷电路板中使用的半导体封装体用层叠板(例如覆金属箔层叠板等)要求的各特性变得越来越严格。作为所要求的特性,可举出例如低介电常数性、低介电损耗角正切性、低热膨胀性、铜箔剥离强度、低吸水性、耐热性等。其中,对于介电常数及介电损耗角正切大的绝缘体材料,电信号衰减,可靠性受损,因此需要介电常数及介电损耗角正切小的材料。进而,多层印刷电路板会发生翘曲扩大的问题,因此绝缘体材料的低热膨胀性也变得重要。
为了得到这些特性提高的印刷电路板,对被用作印刷电路板的材料的树脂组合物进行研究。例如,作为清漆保存稳定性优异、另外不会使多层成形性、吸湿后的耐热性降低、且电特性、铜箔剥离强度、热分解温度提高了的组合物,专利文献1公开了一种以规定比例组合有特定的含有聚苯醚骨架的2官能性乙烯基苄基化合物、特定的马来酰亚胺化合物、特定的氰酸酯树脂和特定的环氧树脂作为构成成分的组合物。
作为能够得到可以在低温下固化、低介电特性、耐热性、机械特性、耐化学药品性优异的固化物的树脂组成物,专利文献2中公开了一种以规定比例组合有特定的乙烯基化合物、特定的马来酰亚胺化合物和苯乙烯系热塑性弹性体作为构成成分的组合物。
作为可以得到低介电损耗角正切、且可以抑制树脂残渣的热固性树脂组合物,专利文献3中公开了一种以规定比例组合有聚苯醚、选自由氰酸酯树脂、酚醛树脂、马来酰亚胺化合物、及环氧树脂组成的组中的至少1种、和填充材料的组合物。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本专利第5233710号公报
专利文献2:日本专利第5649773号公报
专利文献3:日本特开2017-206578号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的问题
专利文献1的实施例公开了以下内容:将含有特定的具有聚苯醚骨架的2官能性乙烯基苄基化合物、特定的马来酰亚胺化合物、特定的氰酸酯树脂和特定的环氧树脂的树脂组合物用于覆铜层叠板时,低介电损耗角正切性、金属箔(铜箔)剥离强度、及吸湿耐热性得到改善。
另一方面,专利文献2的实施例中记载了使用含有特定的乙烯基化合物、特定的马来酰亚胺化合物和苯乙烯系热塑性弹性体、且以规定的比例进行了组合的树脂组合物的薄膜的实施例,并对低热膨胀性和低介电损耗角正切性实施评价。
另外,专利文献3的实施例公开了在聚苯醚中组合特定的成分、且对聚苯醚的含量进行控制,由此得到低介电损耗角正切性,并可以抑制树脂残渣。然而,无法确认对低热膨胀性的具体评价结果。另外,作为赋予进一步低介电损耗角正切性的弹性体,可以假定使用通过羟基或丙烯酰基进行了改性的聚丁二烯。
本发明的目的在于提供一种用于印刷电路板用材料(例如,层叠板、覆金属箔层叠板)等时,可以同时达成优异的低介电常数性、低介电损耗角正切性、低热膨胀性、且成为均匀的固化物的树脂组合物、预浸料、覆金属箔层叠板、树脂片、及印刷电路板。
用于解决问题的方案
本发明人等对上述课题进行深入研究,结果发现:将马来酰亚胺化合物(A)、氰酸酯化合物(B)、特定的聚苯醚化合物(C)和具有苯乙烯骨架的嵌段共聚物(D)组合时,得到的树脂组合物在用于印刷电路板用材料(例如层叠板、覆金属箔层叠板)等时,可以同时达成优异的低介电常数性、低介电损耗角正切性、低热膨胀性,且成为均匀的固化物,从而完成了本发明。
即,本发明如下。
[1]
一种树脂组合物,其含有马来酰亚胺化合物(A)、氰酸酯化合物(B)、下述式(1)所示的数均分子量为1000以上且7000以下的聚苯醚化合物(C)及具有苯乙烯骨架的嵌段共聚物(D)。
(上述式(1)中,X表示芳基,-(Y-О)n2-表示聚苯醚部分,R1、R2、R3分别独立地表示氢原子、烷基、烯基或炔基,n2表示1~100的整数,n1表示1~6的整数,n3表示1~4的整数。)
[2]
根据[1]所述的树脂组合物,其中,前述具有苯乙烯骨架的嵌段共聚物(D)含有选自由苯乙烯-丁二烯嵌段共聚物、苯乙烯-异戊二烯嵌段共聚物、苯乙烯-氢化丁二烯嵌段共聚物、苯乙烯-氢化异戊二烯嵌段共聚物、苯乙烯-氢化(异戊二烯/丁二烯)嵌段共聚物组成的组中的至少1种。
[3]
根据[1]或[2]所述的树脂组合物,其中,前述马来酰亚胺化合物(A)含有选自由下述式(2)、(3)、(4)及(17)组成的组中的至少1种。
(上述式(2)中,R4分别独立地表示氢原子或甲基,n4表示1以上的整数。)
(上述式(3)中,R5分别独立地表示氢原子,碳数1~8的烷基或苯基,n5表示1以上且10以下的整数。)
(上述式(4)中,R6分别独立地表示氢原子、甲基或乙基,R7分别独立地表示氢原子或甲基。)
(上述式(17)中,R8分别独立地表示氢原子、甲基或乙基。)
[4]
根据[1]~[3]中任一项所述的树脂组合物,其还含有苯乙烯低聚物(E)。
[5]
根据[1]~[4]中任一项所述的树脂组合物,其还含有填充材料(F)。
[6]
根据[5]所述的树脂组合物,其中,相对于树脂固体成分100质量份,前述填充材料(F)的含量为50~300质量份。
[7]
根据[1]~[6]中任一项所述的树脂组合物,其还含有阻燃剂(G)。
[8]
根据[1]~[7]中任一项所述的树脂组合物,其中,相对于树脂固体成分100质量份,前述式(1)所示的聚苯醚化合物(C)的含量为1~90质量份。
[9]
根据[1]~[8]中任一项所述的树脂组合物,其中,相对于树脂固体成分100质量份,前述具有苯乙烯骨架的嵌段共聚物(D)的含量为1~50质量份。
[10]
根据[1]~[9]中任一项所述的树脂组合物,其中,前述式(1)所示的聚苯醚化合物(C)如式(11)所示。
(式(11)中,X为选自由式(12)、式(13)及式(14)所示的基团的芳香族基团,-(Y-O)n2-分别表示聚苯醚部分,n2分别表示1~100的整数。)
(式(13)中,R38、R39、R40及R41分别独立地表示氢原子或甲基。-B-为碳数20以下的直链状、支链状或环状的2价烃基。)
(式(14)中,-B-为碳数20以下的直链状、支链状或环状的2价烃基。)
[11]
一种预浸料,其由基材、及[1]~[10]中任一项所述的树脂组合物形成。
[12]
一种覆金属箔层叠板,其包含:重叠1张以上的[11]所述的预浸料、和配置在前述预浸料的单面或两面的金属箔。
[13]
一种树脂片,其包含:支撑体、和配置在前述支撑体的表面的由[1]~[10]中任一项所述的树脂组合物形成的层。
[14]
一种印刷电路板,其包含:绝缘层和配置在前述绝缘层的表面的导体层,前述绝缘层包含由[1]~[10]中任一项所述的树脂组合物形成的层。
发明的效果
将本发明的树脂组合物用于印刷电路板用材料(例如,层叠板、覆金属箔层叠板)等时,可以同时达成优异的低介电常数性、低介电损耗角正切性、低热膨胀性,且可以实现成为均匀的固化物的预浸料、覆金属箔层叠板、树脂片、及印刷电路板,其工业上的实用性极高。
具体实施方式
以下,对本发明的实施方式(以下,称作“本实施方式”。)进行详细说明。需要说明的是,以下的实施方式为用于说明本发明的例示。本发明并不仅限于这些实施方式。
[树脂组合物]
本实施方式的树脂组合物含有马来酰亚胺化合物(A)、氰酸酯化合物(B)、式(1)所示的数均分子量为1000以上且7000以下的聚苯醚化合物(C)及具有苯乙烯骨架的嵌段共聚物(D)。本实施方式的树脂组合物通过具有上述的构成,从而在用于印刷电路板用材料(例如,层叠板、覆金属箔层叠板)等时,同时达成优异的低介电常数性、低介电损耗角正切性、低热膨胀性,且成为均匀的固化物。
此处,均匀的固化物表示用光学显微镜对固化物的截面进行观察时,未发现空隙、分散不良。
[马来酰亚胺化合物(A)]
本实施方式的马来酰亚胺化合物(A)只要是分子中具有一个以上马来酰亚胺基的化合物,就没有特别限定。作为其具体例,可举出例如N-苯基马来酰亚胺、N-羟基苯基马来酰亚胺、双(4-马来酰亚胺苯基)甲烷、4,4’-二苯基甲烷双马来酰亚胺、双(3,5-二甲基-4-马来酰亚胺苯基)甲烷、双(3,5-二乙基-4-马来酰亚胺苯基)甲烷、苯基甲烷马来酰亚胺、邻亚苯基双马来酰亚胺、间亚苯基双马来酰亚胺、对亚苯基双马来酰亚胺、邻亚苯基双柠康酰亚胺、间亚苯基双柠康酰亚胺、对亚苯基双柠康酰亚胺、2,2-双(4-(4-马来酰亚胺苯氧基)-苯基)丙烷、3,3’-二乙基-5,5’-二甲基-4,4’-二苯基甲烷双马来酰亚胺、4-甲基-1,3-亚苯基双马来酰亚胺、1,6-双马来酰亚胺-(2,2,4-三甲基)己烷、4,4’-二苯醚双马来酰亚胺、4,4’-二苯砜双马来酰亚胺、1,3-双(3-马来酰亚胺苯氧基)苯、1,3-双(4-马来酰亚胺苯氧基)苯、4,4’-二苯基甲烷双柠康酰亚胺、2,2-双[4-(4-柠康酰亚胺苯氧基)苯基]丙烷、双(3,5-二甲基-4-柠康酰亚胺苯基)甲烷、双(3-乙基-5-甲基-4-柠康酰亚胺苯基)甲烷、双(3,5-二乙基-4-柠康酰亚胺苯基)甲烷、前述式(2)、(3)、(4)及(17)所示的马来酰亚胺化合物等。
从低热膨胀性及耐热性提高方面来看,这些之中,特别优选前述式(2)、(3)、(4)及(17)所示的马来酰亚胺化合物。这些马来酰亚胺化合物可以单独使用,也可组合使用两种以上。
前述式(2)中,R4分别独立地表示氢原子或甲基,优选氢原子。另外,式(2)中,n4表示1以上的整数,n4的上限值通常为10,从在有机溶剂中的溶解性的观点来看,n4的上限值优选为7,更优选为5。马来酰亚胺化合物(A)也可包含n4不同的2种以上化合物。
前述式(3)中,R5分别独立地表示氢原子、碳数为1~8的烷基(例如甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、正戊基等)、或苯基。这些之中,从提高耐燃性及金属箔(铜箔)剥离强度的观点来看,优选选自由氢原子、甲基、及苯基组成的组中的基团,更优选氢原子及甲基中的一者,进一步优选氢原子。
前述式(3)中,1≤n5≤10。从溶剂溶解性更进一步优异的观点来看,n5优选为4以下,更优选为3以下,进一步优选为2以下。马来酰亚胺化合物(A)也可包含n5不同的2种以上化合物。
前述式(4)中,R6分别独立地表示氢原子、甲基或乙基,R7分别独立地表示氢原子或甲基。从低介电常数性及低介电损耗角正切性更进一步优异的观点来看,R6优选甲基或乙基。作为这样的化合物,可举出3,3’-二乙基-5,5’-二甲基-4,4’-二苯基甲烷双马来酰亚胺。
前述式(17)中,R8分别独立地表示氢原子、甲基或乙基。从低介电常数性及低介电损耗角正切性更进一步优异的观点来看,R8优选甲基。作为这样的化合物,可举出例如2,2-双(4-(4-马来酰亚胺苯氧基)-苯基)丙烷。
本实施方式所使用的马来酰亚胺化合物(A)也可使用市售品,例如,可适当地使用大和化成工业株式会社制“BMI-2300”作为式(2)所示的马来酰亚胺化合物、日本化药株式会社制“MIR-3000”作为式(3)所示的马来酰亚胺化合物、KI化成株式会社制“BMI-70”作为式(4)所示的马来酰亚胺化合物、KI化成株式会社制“BMI-80”作为式(17)所示的马来酰亚胺化合物。
本实施方式的树脂组合物中的马来酰亚胺化合物(A)的含量可以根据期望特性适当设定,并无特别限定。将树脂组合物中的树脂固体成分设为100质量份时,马来酰亚胺化合物(A)的含量优选为1质量份以上,更优选为5质量份以上。作为上限值,优选为90质量份以下,更优选为60质量份以下,进一步优选为40质量份以下,也可以为30质量份以下。通过设为像这样的范围,有高耐热性、低吸水性更有效地发挥的倾向。
马来酰亚胺化合物(A)可以仅使用一种,也可使用两种以上。使用2种以上时,优选总量为上述范围。
此处,若无特别说明,则“树脂组合物中的树脂固体成分”是指树脂组合物中除溶剂、及填充材料(F)以外的成分,树脂固体成分100质量份是指除树脂组合物中的溶剂、及填充材料(F)以外的成分的总量为100质量份。
[氰酸酯化合物(B)]
本实施方式的氰酸酯化合物(B)只要是在分子内具有至少1个被氰酰基(氰酸酯基)取代的芳香族部分的树脂,就没有特别限定。
作为本实施方式中的氰酸酯化合物(B),可举出例如式(5)所示的化合物。
(式(5)中,Ar1分别独立地表示任选具有取代基的亚苯基、任选具有取代基的亚萘基或任选具有取代基的亚联苯基。R81分别独立地选自氢原子、任选具有取代基的碳数1~6的烷基、任选具有取代基的碳数6~12的芳基、任选具有取代基的碳数1~4的烷氧基、由碳数1~6的烷基与碳数6~12的芳基键合而成的任选具有取代基的芳烷基或由碳数1~6的烷基与碳数6~12的芳基键合而成的任选具有取代基的烷基芳基中的任一种。n6表示与Ar1键合的氰酰基的数量,为1~3的整数。n7表示与Ar1键合的R81的数量,Ar1为亚苯基时为4-n6、为亚萘基时为6-n6、为亚联苯基时为8-n6。n8表示平均重复数,为0~50的整数。氰酸酯化合物(B)也可以为n8不同的化合物的混合物。Z分别独立地选自单键、碳数1~50的2价有机基团(氢原子任选被杂原子取代)、氮数1~10的2价有机基团(-N-R-N-等)、羰基(-CO-)、羧基(-C(=O)O-)、羰基二氧化物基(-OC(=O)O-)、磺酰基(-SO2-)、及2价硫原子或2价氧原子中的任一者。)
式(5)的R81中的烷基任选具有直链状结构或支链状结构、环状结构(环烷基等)。另外,式(5)中的烷基及R81中的芳基中的氢原子任选被氟原子、氯原子等卤原子、甲氧基、苯氧基等烷氧基、氰基等取代。
作为烷基的具体例,可举出甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、1-乙基丙基、2,2-二甲基丙基、环戊基、己基、环己基、三氟甲基等。
作为芳基的具体例,可举出苯基、二甲苯基、均三甲苯基、萘基、苯氧基苯基、乙基苯基、邻-、间-或对-氟苯基、二氯苯基、二氰基苯基、三氟苯基、甲氧基苯基、邻-、间-或对-甲苯基等。
作为烷氧基的具体例,可举出甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、异丙氧基、正丁氧基、异丁氧基、叔丁氧基等。
作为式(5)的Z中的2价有机基团的具体例,可举出亚甲基、亚乙基、三亚甲基、亚环戊基、亚环己基、三甲基亚环己基、联苯基亚甲基、二甲基亚甲基-亚苯基-二甲基亚甲基、芴二基(fluorenediyl)、苯酞二基等。前述2价有机基团中的氢原子任选被氟原子、氯原子等卤原子、甲氧基、苯氧基等烷氧基、氰基等取代。作为式(5)的Z中的氮数1~10的2价有机基团,可举出亚氨基、聚酰亚胺基等。
另外,作为式(5)中的Z,可举出下述式(6)或下述式(7)所示的结构。
(式(6)中,Ar2选自亚苯基、亚萘基及亚联苯基中的任一种。R9、R10、R13、R14分别独立地选自氢原子、碳数1~6的烷基、碳数6~12的芳基、以及被三氟甲基及酚羟基中的至少1者取代的芳基中的任一种。R11、R12分别独立地选自氢原子、碳数1~6的烷基、碳数6~12的芳基、碳数1~4的烷氧基及羟基中的任一种。n9表示0~5的整数,氰酸酯化合物(B)也可以为具有n9的数量不同的基团的化合物的混合物。)
(式(7)中,Ar3选自亚苯基、萘基或亚联苯基中的任一种。R15、R16分别独立地选自氢原子、碳数1~6的烷基、碳数6~12的芳基、苄基、碳数1~4的烷氧基、以及被羟基、三氟甲基及氰酸酯基中的至少1者取代的芳基中的任一种。n10表示0~5的整数,氰酸酯化合物(B)也可以为具有n10的数量不同的基团的化合物的混合物。)
进而,作为式(5)中的Z,可举出下述式所示的2价基团。
(式中,n11表示4~7的整数。R17分别独立地表示氢原子或碳数1~6的烷基。)
作为式(6)的Ar2及式(7)的Ar3的具体例,可举出1,4-亚苯基、1,3-亚苯基、4,4’-亚联苯基、2,4’-亚联苯基、2,2’-亚联苯基、2,3’-亚联苯基、3,3’-亚联苯基、3,4’-亚联苯基、2,6-亚萘基、1,5-亚萘基、1,6-亚萘基、1,8-亚萘基、1,3-亚萘基、1,4-亚萘基等。式(6)的R9~R14及式(7)的R15、R16中的烷基及芳基与式(5)所记载的相同。
作为式(5)所示的氰酸酯化合物,可举出例如苯酚酚醛清漆型氰酸酯化合物、萘酚芳烷基型氰酸酯化合物、联苯芳烷基型氰酸酯化合物、亚萘基醚型氰酸酯化合物、二甲苯树脂型氰酸酯化合物、金刚烷骨架型氰酸酯化合物、双酚A型氰酸酯化合物、二烯丙基双酚A型氰酸酯化合物、萘酚芳烷基型氰酸酯化合物等。
作为式(5)所示的氰酸酯化合物的具体例,可举出氰酰基苯、1-氰酰基-2-甲基苯、1-氰酰基-3-甲基苯、或1-氰酰基-4-甲基苯、1-氰酰基-2-甲氧基苯、1-氰酰基-3-甲氧基苯、或1-氰酰基-4-甲氧基苯、1-氰酰基-2,3-二甲基苯,1-氰酰基-2,4-二甲基苯,1-氰酰基-2,5-二甲基苯,1-氰酰基-2,6-二甲基苯,1-氰酰基-3,4-二甲基苯或1-氰酰基-3,5-二甲基苯、氰酰基乙基苯、氰酰基丁基苯、氰酰基辛基苯、氰酰基壬基苯、2-(4-氰酰基苯基)-2-苯基丙烷(4-α-枯基苯酚的氰酸酯)、1-氰酰基-4-环己基苯、1-氰酰基-4-乙烯基苯、1-氰酰基-2-氯苯或1-氰酰基-3-氯苯、1-氰酰基-2,6-二氯苯、1-氰酰基-2-甲基-3-氯苯、氰酰基硝基苯、1-氰酰基-4-硝基-2-乙基苯、1-氰酰基-2-甲氧基-4-烯丙基苯(丁子香酚的氰酸酯)、甲基(4-氰酰基苯基)硫醚、1-氰酰基-3-三氟甲基苯、4-氰酰基联苯、1-氰酰基-2-乙酰基苯或1-氰酰基-4-乙酰基苯、4-氰酰基苯甲醛、4-氰酰基苯甲酸甲基酯、4-氰酰基苯甲酸苯基酯、1-氰酰基-4-乙酰氨基苯、4-氰酰基二苯甲酮、1-氰酰基-2,6-二叔丁基苯、1,2-二氰酰基苯、1,3-二氰酰基苯、1,4-二氰酰基苯、1,4-二氰酰基-2-叔丁基苯、1,4-二氰酰基-2,4-二甲基苯、1,4-二氰酰基-2,3,4-二甲基苯、1,3-二氰酰基-2,4,6-三甲基苯、1,3-二氰酰基-5-甲基苯、1-氰酰基萘或2-氰酰基萘、1-氰酰基4-甲氧基萘、2-氰酰基-6-甲基萘、2-氰酰基-7-甲氧基萘、2,2’-二氰酰基-1,1’-联萘、1,3-二氰酰基萘、1,4-二氰酰基萘、1,5-二氰酰基萘、1,6-二氰酰基萘、1,7-二氰酰基萘、2,3-二氰酰基萘、2,6-二氰酰基萘或2,7-二氰酰基萘、2,2’-二氰酰基联苯或4,4’-二氰酰基联苯、4,4’-二氰酰基八氟联苯、2,4’-二氰酰基二苯基甲烷或4,4’-二氰酰基二苯基甲烷、双(4-氰酰基-3,5-二甲基苯基)甲烷、1,1-双(4-氰酰基苯基)乙烷、1,1-双(4-氰酰基苯基)丙烷、2,2-双(4-氰酰基苯基)丙烷、2,2-双(3-烯丙基-4-氰酰基苯基)丙烷、2,2-双(4-氰酰基-3-甲基苯基)丙烷、2,2-双(2-氰酰基-5-联苯基)丙烷、2,2-双(4-氰酰基苯基)六氟丙烷、2,2-双(4-氰酰基-3,5-二甲基苯基)丙烷、1,1-双(4-氰酰基苯基)丁烷、1,1-双(4-氰酰基苯基)异丁烷、1,1-双(4-氰酰基苯基)戊烷、1,1-双(4-氰酰基苯基)-3-甲基丁烷、1,1-双(4-氰酰基苯基)-2-甲基丁烷、1,1-双(4-氰酰基苯基)-2,2-二甲基丙烷、2,2-双(4-氰酰基苯基)丁烷、2,2-双(4-氰酰基苯基)戊烷、2,2-双(4-氰酰基苯基)己烷、2,2-双(4-氰酰基苯基)-3-甲基丁烷、2,2-双(4-氰酰基苯基)-4-甲基戊烷、2,2-双(4-氰酰基苯基)-3,3-二甲基丁烷、3,3-双(4-氰酰基苯基)己烷、3,3-双(4-氰酰基苯基)庚烷、3,3-双(4-氰酰基苯基)辛烷、3,3-双(4-氰酰基苯基)-2-甲基戊烷、3,3-双(4-氰酰基苯基)-2-甲基己烷、3,3-双(4-氰酰基苯基)-2,2-二甲基戊烷、4,4-双(4-氰酰基苯基)-3-甲基庚烷、3,3-双(4-氰酰基苯基)-2-甲基庚烷、3,3-双(4-氰酰基苯基)-2,2-二甲基己烷、3,3-双(4-氰酰基苯基)-2,4-二甲基己烷、3,3-双(4-氰酰基苯基)-2,2,4-三甲基戊烷、2,2-双(4-氰酰基苯基)-1,1,1,3,3,3-六氟丙烷、双(4-氰酰基苯基)苯基甲烷、1,1-双(4-氰酰基苯基)-1-苯基乙烷、双(4-氰酰基苯基)联苯基甲烷、1,1-双(4-氰酰基苯基)环戊烷、1,1-双(4-氰酰基苯基)环己烷、2,2-双(4-氰酰基-3-异丙基苯基)丙烷、1,1-双(3-环己基-4-氰酰基苯基)环己烷、双(4-氰酰基苯基)二苯基甲烷、双(4-氰酰基苯基)-2,2-二氯乙烯、1,3-双[2-(4-氰酰基苯基)-2-丙基]苯、1,4-双[2-(4-氰酰基苯基)-2-丙基]苯、1,1-双(4-氰酰基苯基)-3,3,5-三甲基环己烷、4-[双(4-氰酰基苯基)甲基]联苯、4,4-二氰酰基二苯甲酮、1,3-双(4-氰酰基苯基)-2-丙烯-1-酮、双(4-氰酰基苯基)醚、双(4-氰酰基苯基)硫醚、双(4-氰酰基苯基)砜、4-氰酰基苯甲酸-4-氰酰基苯基酯(4-氰酰基苯基-4-氰酰基苯甲酸酯)、双-(4-氰酰基苯基)碳酸酯、1,3-双(4-氰酰基苯基)金刚烷、1,3-双(4-氰酰基苯基)-5,7-二甲基金刚烷、3,3-双(4-氰酰基苯基)异苯并呋喃-1(3H)-酮(酚酞的氰酸酯)、3,3-双(4-氰酰基-3-甲基苯基)异苯并呋喃-1(3H)-酮(邻甲酚酞的氰酸酯)、9,9-双(4-氰酰基苯基)芴、9,9-双(4-氰酰基-3-甲基苯基)芴、9,9-双(2-氰酰基-5-联苯基)芴、三(4-氰酰基苯基)甲烷、1,1,1-三(4-氰酰基苯基)乙烷、1,1,3-三(4-氰酰基苯基)丙烷、α,α,α’-三(4-氰酰基苯基)-1-乙基-4-异丙基苯、1,1,2,2-四(4-氰酰基苯基)乙烷、四(4-氰酰基苯基)甲烷、2,4,6-三(N-甲基-4-氰酰基苯胺基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2,4-双(N-甲基-4-氰酰基苯胺基)-6-(N-甲基苯胺基)-1,3,5-三嗪、双(N-4-氰酰基-2-甲基苯基)-4,4’-氧代双邻二甲酰亚胺、双(N-3-氰酰基-4-甲基苯基)-4,4’-氧代双邻二甲酰亚胺、双(N-4-氰酰基苯基)-4,4’-氧代双邻二甲酰亚胺、双(N-4-氰酰基-2-甲基苯基)-4,4’-(六氟异亚丙基)双邻二甲酰亚胺、三(3,5-二甲基-4-氰酰基苄基)异氰脲酸酯、2-苯基-3,3-双(4-氰酰基苯基)苯二甲酰亚胺、2-(4-甲基苯基)-3,3-双(4-氰酰基苯基)苯二甲酰亚胺、2-苯基-3,3-双(4-氰酰基-3-甲基苯基)苯二甲酰亚胺、1-甲基-3,3-双(4-氰酰基苯基)吲哚啉-2-酮、2-苯基-3,3-双(4-氰酰基苯基)吲哚啉-2-酮、苯酚酚醛清漆树脂、甲酚酚醛清漆树脂(利用公知的方法,使苯酚、烷基取代苯酚或卤素取代苯酚与福尔马林、多聚甲醛等甲醛化合物在酸性溶液中反应而成者)、三苯酚酚醛清漆树脂(使羟基苯甲醛与苯酚在酸性催化剂的存在下反应而成者)、芴酚醛清漆树脂(使芴酮化合物与9,9-双(羟基芳基)芴类在酸性催化剂的存在下反应而成者)、苯酚芳烷基树脂、甲酚芳烷基树脂、萘酚芳烷基树脂、联苯芳烷基树脂(利用公知的方法,使Ar4-(CH2Z’)2所示那样的双卤代甲基化合物与酚化合物在酸性催化剂或无催化剂下反应而成者,使Ar4-(CH2OR)2所示那样的双(烷氧基甲基)化合物、Ar4-(CH2OH)2所示那样的双(羟基甲基)化合物与酚化合物在酸性催化剂的存在下反应而成者,或者使芳香族醛化合物、芳烷基化合物、酚化合物缩聚而成者)、酚改性二甲苯甲醛树脂(利用公知的方法,使二甲苯甲醛树脂与酚化合物在酸性催化剂的存在下反应而成者)、改性萘甲醛树脂(利用公知的方法,使萘甲醛树脂与羟基取代芳香族化合物在酸性催化剂的存在下反应而成者)、酚改性二环戊二烯树脂、具有聚亚萘基醚结构的酚醛树脂(利用公知的方法,使1分子中具有2个以上酚羟基的多羟基萘化合物在碱性催化剂的存在下脱水缩合而成者)等酚醛树脂利用与上述同样的方法进行氰酸酯化而成者等,并没有特别限制。这些氰酸酯化合物可以单独使用,也可组合使用两种以上。
其中,优选苯酚酚醛清漆型氰酸酯化合物、萘酚芳烷基型氰酸酯化合物、亚萘基醚型氰酸酯化合物、双酚A型氰酸酯化合物、双酚M型氰酸酯化合物、二烯丙基双酚型氰酸酯化合物,特别优选萘酚芳烷基型氰酸酯化合物。
使用这些氰酸酯化合物的树脂组合物的固化物具有耐热性、低介电特性(低介电常数性、低介电损耗角正切性)等优异的特性。
本实施方式的树脂组合物中的氰酸酯化合物(B)的含量可以根据期望特性适当设定,并无特别限定。具体而言,将树脂组合物中的树脂固体成分设为100质量份时,氰酸酯化合物(B)的含量优选为1质量份以上,更优选为5质量份以上,更优选为10质量份以上,也可以为12质量份以上、15质量份以上、20质量份以上。另外,前述含量的上限值优选为90质量份以下,更优选为80质量份以下,进一步优选为不足70质量份,进一步优选为60质量份以下,也可以为50质量份以下,40质量份以下。通过设为像这样的范围,可以赋予更优异的低介电常数性、低介电损耗角正切性。
氰酸酯化合物(B)可以仅使用一种,也可使用两种以上。使用2种以上时,优选总量为上述范围。
[聚苯醚化合物(C)]
本实施方式的聚苯醚化合物(C)为式(1)所示的化合物。本实施方式的树脂组合物通过包含具有像这样的结构的聚苯醚化合物,从而在用于印刷电路板用材料(例如,层叠板、覆金属箔层叠板)等时,提供优异的低介电损耗角正切性及均匀的固化物。
本实施方式中使用的式(1)所示的聚苯醚化合物(C)的数均分子量为1000以上且7000以下。通过将数均分子量设为7000以下,可以确保成形时的流动性。另外,通过将数均分子量设为1000以上,可以得到聚苯醚树脂自身优异的介电特性(低介电常数性、低介电损耗角正切性)和耐热性。其中,为了得到更优异的流动性、耐热性、及介电特性,聚苯醚化合物(C)的数均分子量可以为1100以上且5000以下。更优选聚苯醚化合物(C)的数均分子量为4500以下为宜,进一步优选聚苯醚化合物(C)的数均分子量为3000以下。对于数均分子量,按照常规方法使用凝胶渗透色谱法测定。
本实施方式中使用的式(1)所示的聚苯醚化合物(C)的最低熔融粘度优选为50000Pa·s以下。通过将最低熔融粘度设为50000Pa·s以下,可以确保流动性,可以进行多层成形。最低熔融粘度的下限值并无特别限定,例如可以为1000Pa·s以上。
式(1)所示的聚苯醚化合物(C)优选包含以下式(8)所示的构成单元的聚合物。
(式(8)中,R18、R19、R20、及R21分别独立地表示碳数6以下的烷基、芳基、卤原子、或氢原子。)
前述聚合物还可包含选自由式(9)及式(10)所示的结构单元组成的组中的至少1种结构单元。
(式(9)中,R22、R23、R24、R28、R29分别独立地表示碳数6以下的烷基或苯基。R25、R26、R27分别独立地表示氢原子、碳数6以下的烷基或苯基。)
(式(10)中,R30、R31、R32、R33、R34、R35、R36、R37分别独立地表示氢原子、碳数6以下的烷基或苯基。-A-为碳数20以下的直链状、支链状或环状的2价烃基。)
关于与式(1)的关系,上述式(8)、(9)、(10)优选为式(1)的-(Y-O)-。-(Y-O)-具有n2数(1~100)的重复单元。
式(1)中,X表示芳基(芳香族基团),-(Y-O)n2-表示聚苯醚部分,R1、R2、R3分别独立地表示氢原子、烷基、烯基或炔基,n2表示1~100的整数,n1表示1~6的整数,n3表示1~4的整数。优选n1为1以上4且以下的整数,进一步优选n1为1或2,理想上n1为1。另外,优选n3为1以上且3以下的整数为宜,进一步优选n3为1或2为宜,理想上n3为2为宜。
作为式(1)的X中的芳基,可以使用芳香族烃基。具体而言,可以使用从选自苯环结构、联苯结构、茚环结构、及萘环结构中的1种环结构中去除n3个氢原子而成的基团(例如,苯基、联苯基、茚基、及萘基),优选使用联苯基。此处,芳基也可包含:上述的芳基利用氧原子键合而成的二苯醚基等、利用羰基键合而成的二苯甲酮基等、利用亚烷基键合而成的2,2-二苯基丙烷基等。另外,芳基可以被烷基(适当的是碳数1~6的烷基,特别是甲基)、烯基、炔基、卤素原子等通常的取代基取代。但是,前述“芳基”借助氧原子被聚苯醚部分取代,因此通常的取代基的数量限制依赖于聚苯醚部分的数量。
作为聚苯醚化合物(C),特别优选包含下述式(11)的结构所示的聚苯醚。
(式(11)中,X为芳基(芳香族基团),-(Y-O)n2-分别表示聚苯醚部分,n2分别表示1~100的整数。)
-(Y-O)n2-及n2与式(1)中的同义。也可包含多种n2不同的化合物。
式(1)及式(11)中的X优选式(12)、式(13)、或式(14),式(1)及式(11)中的-(Y-O)n2-为由式(15)或式(16)排列而成的结构,或更优选由式(15)和式(16)随机排列而成的结构。
(式(13)中,R38、R39、R40、R41分别独立地表示氢原子或甲基。-B-为碳数20以下的直链状、支链状或环状的2价烃基。)
(式(14)中,-B-为碳数20以下的直链状、支链状或环状的2价烃基)
具有式(11)所示的结构的改性聚苯醚的制造方法并无特别限制,例如可以对使2官能酚化合物与1官能酚化合物氧化偶联得到的2官能亚苯醚低聚物的末端酚羟基进行乙烯基苄基醚化来制造。
另外,这种改性聚苯醚可以使用市售品,例如,可适当地使用三菱瓦斯化学株式会社制OPE-2St1200、OPE-2st2200。
本实施方式的树脂组合物中的聚苯醚化合物(C)的含量相对于树脂组合物的树脂固体成分100质量份,优选为1质量份以上,更优选为5质量份以上,进一步优选为8质量份以上。另外,作为前述含量的上限值,优选为40质量份以下,更优选为30质量份以下,也可以为25质量份以下。通过设为像这样的范围。有更有效地达成低介电常数性、低介电损耗角正切性及良好的成形性的倾向。
树脂组合物可以仅含一种、也可包含两种以上的聚苯醚化合物(C)。包含2种以上时,优选总量为上述范围。
[具有苯乙烯骨架的嵌段共聚物(D)]
本实施方式的“具有苯乙烯骨架的嵌段共聚物(D)”是指具有聚苯乙烯嵌段结构的嵌段共聚物即弹性体,不包括无规共聚物。另外,仅由芳香族乙烯基化合物形成的化合物区别于这些,表示为“苯乙烯低聚物(E)”,不含在“具有苯乙烯骨架的嵌段共聚物(D)”中。
作为本实施方式的树脂组合物中使用的具有苯乙烯骨架的嵌段共聚物(D),优选含有选自由苯乙烯-丁二烯嵌段共聚物、苯乙烯-异戊二烯嵌段共聚物、苯乙烯-氢化丁二烯嵌段共聚物、苯乙烯-氢化异戊二烯嵌段共聚物及苯乙烯-氢化(异戊二烯/丁二烯)嵌段共聚物组成的组中的至少1种。这些嵌段共聚物可以单独使用,也可组合使用两种以上。特别是从赋予更优异的低介电损耗角正切性的方面来看,优选苯乙烯-异戊二烯嵌段共聚物、苯乙烯-氢化丁二烯嵌段共聚物、苯乙烯-氢化异戊二烯嵌段共聚物、苯乙烯-氢化(丁二烯/异戊二烯)嵌段共聚物。
作为本实施方式中的聚苯乙烯嵌段结构,也可使用具有取代基的苯乙烯。具体而言,可以使用α-甲基苯乙烯、3-甲基苯乙烯、4-丙基苯乙烯、4-环己基苯乙烯等苯乙烯衍生物。
具有苯乙烯骨架的嵌段共聚物(D)中的苯乙烯含量(以下,也称作“苯乙烯率”)并无特别限制,优选为10质量%以上,进一步优选为20质量%以上。作为苯乙烯含量的上限值,只要不足100质量%就没有特别限定,例如,优选不足99质量%,更优选为70质量%以下。通过设为像这样的范围,溶剂溶解性及与其他化合物的相溶性有更为提高的倾向。此处,将具有苯乙烯骨架的嵌段共聚物(D)中包含的苯乙烯单元的质量设为(a)g、将具有苯乙烯骨架的嵌段共聚物(D)整体的质量设为(b)g时,苯乙烯含量为(a)/(b)×100(单位:%)所示的值。
本实施方式的树脂组合物中具有苯乙烯骨架的嵌段共聚物(D)的含量相对于树脂组合物的树脂固体成分100质量份,优选为1质量份以上,优选为5质量份以上,也可以为8质量份以上。作为前述含量的上限值,优选为30质量份以下,更优选为25质量份以下,进一步优选为22质量份以下。通过设为这样的范围,有低介电常数性、低介电损耗角正切性及成形性更优异的倾向。本实施方式中也可包含2种以上嵌段共聚物(D)。包含2种以上时,优选总量为上述范围内。
树脂组合物可以仅含一种、也可包含两种以上的具有苯乙烯骨架的嵌段共聚物(D)。包含2种以上时,优选总量为上述范围。
作为本实施方式中具有苯乙烯骨架的嵌段共聚物(D),可以使用市售品,可举出例如作为苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物的TR2630(JSR株式会社制)、TR2003(JSR株式会社制)。另外作为苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物,可举出SIS5250(JSR株式会社制)。作为苯乙烯-氢化异戊二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物,可举出SEPTON2104(Kuraray Co.,Ltd.制)。
[苯乙烯低聚物(E)]
对于本实施方式的树脂组合物而言,为了改善低介电常数性及低介电损耗角正切性,期望包含苯乙烯低聚物(E)。本实施方式所使用的“苯乙烯低聚物(E)”区别于“具有苯乙烯骨架的嵌段共聚物(D)”。
本实施方式的苯乙烯低聚物(E)是对选自由苯乙烯及上述苯乙烯衍生物、乙烯基甲苯组成的组中的至少一种进行聚合而成的,其数均分子量为178~1600、平均芳香环数为2~14、芳香环数2~14的总量为50质量%以上、沸点为300℃以上的无支链结构的化合物。
作为本实施方式中使用的苯乙烯低聚物(E),可举出例如苯乙烯聚合物、乙烯基甲苯聚合物、α-甲基苯乙烯聚合物、乙烯基甲苯-α-甲基苯乙烯聚合物、苯乙烯-α-苯乙烯聚合物等。作为苯乙烯聚合物,可以使用市售品,可举出例如Picorastic A5(Eastman ChemicalCompany制)、Picorastic A-75(Eastman Chemical Company制)、Piccotex 75(EastmanChemical Company制)、FTR-8100(三井化学株式会社制)、FTR-8120(三井化学株式会社制)。另外,作为乙烯基甲苯-α-甲基苯乙烯聚合物,可举出Piccotex LC(Eastman ChemicalCompany制)。另外,作为α-甲基苯乙烯聚合物,可举出Kristalex 3070(Eastman ChemicalCompany制)、Kristalex 3085(Eastman Chemical Company制)、Kristalex(3100)、Kristalex 5140(Eastman Chemical Company制)、FMR-0100(三井化学株式会社制)、FMR-0150(三井化学株式会社制)。另外,作为苯乙烯-α-苯乙烯聚合物,可举出FTR-2120(三井化学株式会社制)。这些苯乙烯低聚物可以单独使用,也可组合使用两种以上。
对于本实施方式的树脂组合物中的苯乙烯低聚物(E)的含量而言,在含有时,相对于树脂组合物的树脂固体成分100质量份,为1质量份以上且30质量份以下,从低介电常数性、低介电损耗角正切性及耐化学药品性的观点来看,优选为5质量份以上,另外特别优选为20质量份以下,也可以为15质量份以下。
树脂组合物可以仅含一种,也可包含两种以上苯乙烯低聚物(E)。包含2种以上时,优选总量为上述范围。
[填充材料(F)]
对于本实施方式的树脂组合物而言,为了低介电常数性、低介电损耗角正切性、耐燃性及低热膨胀性的改善,期望包含填充材料(F)。作为本实施方式所使用的填充材料(F),可以适当使用公知的填充材料,其种类并无特别限定,可适当地使用本领域通常使用的物质。具体而言,可举出天然二氧化硅、熔融二氧化硅、合成二氧化硅、无定形二氧化硅、AEROSIL、中空二氧化硅等二氧化硅类、白炭、钛白、氧化锌、氧化镁、氧化锆、氮化硼、聚集氮化硼、氮化硅、氮化铝、硫酸钡、氢氧化铝、氢氧化铝加热处理品(对氢氧化铝进行加热处理使结晶水的一部分减少而成者)、勃姆石、氢氧化镁等的金属水合物、氧化钼、钼酸锌等钼化合物、硼酸锌、锡酸锌、氧化铝、粘土、高岭土、滑石、焙烧粘土、焙烧高岭土、焙烧滑石、云母、E-玻璃、A-玻璃、NE-玻璃、C-玻璃、L-玻璃、D-玻璃、S-玻璃、M-玻璃G20、玻璃短纤维(包括E玻璃、T玻璃、D玻璃、S玻璃、Q玻璃等玻璃微粉末类。)、中空玻璃、球状玻璃等无机系的填充材料,以及苯乙烯型、丁二烯型、丙烯酸类型等橡胶粉末、芯壳型的橡胶粉末、有机硅树脂粉末、有机硅橡胶粉末、有机硅复合粉末等有机系的填充材料等。这些填充材料可以单独使用,也可组合使用两种以上。
这些之中,选自由二氧化硅、氢氧化铝、勃姆石、氧化镁及氢氧化镁组成的组中的1种或2种以上是适当的。通过使用这些填充材料,树脂组合物的热膨胀特性、尺寸稳定性、阻燃性等特性提高。
本实施方式的树脂组合物中的填充材料(F)的含量可以根据期望特性适当设定,并无特别限定,将树脂组合物中的树脂固体成分设为100质量份时,优选为50质量份以上。作为上限,优选为1600质量份以下,更优选为500质量份以下,特别优选为300质量份以下。或者,填充剂(F)可以为75~250质量份,也可以为100~200质量份。通过将填充材料(F)的含量设为该范围,树脂组合物的成形性变得良好。
树脂组合物可以仅含一种、也可包含两种以上填充材料(F)。包含2种以上时,优选总量为上述范围。
此处使用填充材料(F)时,优选组合使用选自由硅烷偶联剂及湿润分散剂组成的组中的至少1种。作为硅烷偶联剂,可适当地使用通常在无机物的表面处理中使用的硅烷偶联剂,其种类并无特别限定。具体而言,可举出γ-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷、N-β-(氨基乙基)-γ-氨基丙基三甲氧基硅烷等氨基硅烷系、γ-环氧丙氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、β-(3,4-环氧环己基)乙基三甲氧基硅烷等环氧硅烷系、γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基-三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷等乙烯基硅烷系、N-β-(N-乙烯基苄基氨基乙基)-γ-氨基丙基三甲氧基硅烷盐酸盐等阳离子性硅烷系、苯基硅烷系等。硅烷偶联剂可以单独使用,也可组合使用两种以上。另外,作为湿润分散剂,可适当地使用通常涂料用中使用的湿润分散剂,其种类并无特别限定。优选使用共聚物基础的湿润分散剂,作为其具体例,可举出BYKJapan KK.制的Disperbyk-110、111、161、180、2009、2152、BYK-W996、BYK-W9010、BYK-W903、BYK-W940等。湿润分散剂可以单独使用,也可组合使用两种以上。
硅烷偶联剂的含量并无特别限定,相对于树脂组合物中的树脂固体成分100质量份,可以为1质量~5质量份左右。分散剂(特别是湿润分散剂)的含量并无特别限定,相对于树脂组合物中的树脂固体成分100质量份,例如可以为0.5~5质量份左右。
[阻燃剂(G)]
为了改善耐燃性,本实施方式的树脂组合物优选包含阻燃剂(G)。作为本实施方式所使用的阻燃剂(G),可以使用公知的阻燃剂,可举出例如溴化环氧树脂、溴化聚碳酸酯、溴化聚苯乙烯、溴化苯乙烯、溴化苯二甲酰亚胺、四溴双酚A、五溴苄基(甲基)丙烯酸酯、五溴甲苯、三溴苯酚、六溴苯、十溴二苯醚、双-1,2-五溴苯基乙烷、氯化聚苯乙烯、氯化石蜡等卤素系阻燃剂、红磷、磷酸三甲苯酯、磷酸三苯酯、磷酸甲苯基二苯酯、磷酸三二甲苯酯、磷酸三烷基酯、磷酸二烷基酯、磷酸三(氯乙基)酯、磷腈、1,3-亚苯基双(2,6-二甲苯基磷酸酯)、10-(2,5-二羟基苯基)-10H-9-氧杂-10-磷杂菲-10-氧化物等磷系阻燃剂、氢氧化铝、氢氧化镁、部分勃姆石、勃姆石、硼酸锌、三氧化锑等无机系阻燃剂、有机硅橡胶、有机硅树脂等有机硅系阻燃剂。这些阻燃剂可以单独使用,也可组合使用两种以上。这些之中,优选磷系阻燃剂,特别是从不易损害低介电特性的方面来看,优选1,3-亚苯基双(2,6-二甲苯基磷酸酯)。树脂组合物中的磷含量优选为0.1~5质量%。
对于阻燃剂(G)的含量而言,在含有时,相对于树脂组合物中的树脂固体成分100质量份,优选为1质量份以上,更优选为5质量份以上。另外,前述含量的上限值优选为30质量份以下,更优选为20质量份以下,也可以为15质量份以下。
阻燃剂(G)可以仅使用一种,也可使用两种以上。使用2种以上时,优选总量为上述范围。
[其他成分]
进而,本实施方式的树脂组合物中,在可以得到期望的特性的范围内,也可含有上述聚苯醚化合物(C)以外的聚苯醚化合物、环氧树脂、酚醛树脂、氧杂环丁烷树脂、苯并噁嗪化合物、[4.具有苯乙烯骨架的嵌段共聚物(D)]中未记载的热塑性弹性体(以下,称作“其他热塑性弹性体”)、固化促进剂、有机溶剂等。通过组合使用这些,可以使对树脂组合物进行固化而成的固化物的阻燃性、低介电性等期望的特性改善。
对于本实施方式的树脂组合物而言,上述聚苯醚化合物(C)以外的聚苯醚化合物、及上述其他热塑性弹性体的总量优选为树脂固体成分的3质量%以下,更优选为1质量%以下。通过设为这种构成,可更有效地发挥本发明的效果。
[环氧树脂]
作为环氧树脂,只要是1分子中具有2个以上环氧基的化合物或树脂,就没有特别限定,可举出例如双酚A型环氧树脂、双酚E型环氧树脂、双酚F型环氧树脂、双酚S型环氧树脂、苯酚酚醛清漆型环氧树脂、双酚A酚醛清漆型环氧树脂、缩水甘油酯型环氧树脂、芳烷基酚醛清漆型环氧树脂、联苯芳烷基型环氧树脂、亚萘基醚型环氧树脂、甲酚酚醛清漆型环氧树脂、多官能苯酚型环氧树脂、萘型环氧树脂、蒽型环氧树脂、萘骨架改性酚醛清漆型环氧树脂、苯酚芳烷基型环氧树脂、萘酚芳烷基型环氧树脂、二环戊二烯型环氧树脂、联苯基型环氧树脂、脂环式环氧树脂、多元醇型环氧树脂、含磷环氧树脂、缩水甘油胺、缩水甘油酯、使丁二烯等的双键环氧化而成的化合物、通过含羟基有机硅树脂类与环氧氯丙烷的反应得到的化合物等。这些环氧树脂可以单独使用,也可组合使用两种以上。这些之中,从进一步提高阻燃性及耐热性的观点来看,优选联苯芳烷基型环氧树脂、亚萘基醚型环氧树脂、多官能苯酚型环氧树脂、萘型环氧树脂。
[酚醛树脂]
作为酚醛树脂,只要是1分子中具有2个以上酚羟基的化合物或树脂,就没有特别限定,可举出例如双酚A型酚醛树脂、双酚E型酚醛树脂、双酚F型酚醛树脂、双酚S型酚醛树脂、苯酚酚醛清漆树脂、双酚A酚醛清漆型酚醛树脂、缩水甘油酯型酚醛树脂、芳烷基酚醛清漆酚醛树脂、联苯芳烷基型酚醛树脂、甲酚酚醛清漆型酚醛树脂、多官能酚醛树脂、萘酚树脂、萘酚酚醛清漆树脂、多官能萘酚树脂、蒽型酚醛树脂、萘骨架改性酚醛清漆型酚醛树脂、苯酚芳烷基型酚醛树脂、萘酚芳烷基型酚醛树脂、二环戊二烯型酚醛树脂、联苯基型酚醛树脂、脂环式酚醛树脂、多元醇型酚醛树脂、含磷酚醛树脂、含羟基有机硅树脂类等。这些酚醛树脂可以单独使用,也可组合使用两种以上。这些之中,从进一步提高耐燃性的观点来看,优选选自由联苯芳烷基型酚醛树脂、萘酚芳烷基型酚醛树脂、含磷酚醛树脂、及含羟基有机硅树脂组成的组中的至少1种。
[氧杂环丁烷树脂]
作为氧杂环丁烷树脂,没有特别限定,可举出例如氧杂环丁烷、烷基氧杂环丁烷(例如2-甲基氧杂环丁烷、2,2-二甲基氧杂环丁烷、3-甲基氧杂环丁烷、3,3-二甲基氧杂环丁烷等)、3-甲基-3-甲氧基甲基氧杂环丁烷、3,3-二(三氟甲基)全氟氧杂环丁烷、2-氯甲基氧杂环丁烷、3,3-双(氯甲基)氧杂环丁烷、联苯型氧杂环丁烷、OXT-101(东亚合成株式会社产品)、OXT-121(东亚合成株式会社产品)等。这些氧杂环丁烷树脂可以单独使用,也可组合使用两种以上。
[苯并噁嗪化合物]
作为苯并噁嗪化合物,只要是1分子中具有2个以上二氢苯并噁嗪环的化合物,就没有特别限定,可举出例如双酚A型苯并噁嗪BA-BXZ(小西化学株式会社产品)、双酚F型苯并噁嗪BF-BXZ(小西化学株式会社产品)、双酚S型苯并噁嗪BS-BXZ(小西化学株式会社产品)等。这些苯并噁嗪化合物可以单独使用,也可组合使用两种以上。
[其他热塑性弹性体]
“其他热塑性弹性体”区别于“具有苯乙烯骨架的嵌段共聚物(D)”。“具有苯乙烯骨架的嵌段共聚物(D)”表示具有聚苯乙烯嵌段结构、且为嵌段共聚物的弹性体,“其他热塑性弹性体”表示除此以外的弹性体。即,相当于无规共聚物、不具有苯乙烯骨架的嵌段共聚物等。作为其他热塑性弹性体,可举出例如选自由聚异戊二烯、聚丁二烯、苯乙烯丁二烯无规共聚物、丁基橡胶、乙丙橡胶、氟橡胶、有机硅橡胶、它们的氢化物、它们的烷基化合物组成的组中的至少1种。这些之中,从与聚苯醚化合物(C)的相溶性更优异的观点来看,更优选选自由聚异戊二烯、聚丁二烯、苯乙烯丁二烯无规共聚物、丁基橡胶、及乙丙橡胶组成的组选中的至少1种。
[固化促进剂]
本实施方式的树脂组合物也可含有用于适当调节固化速度的固化促进剂。作为固化促进剂,可举出马来酰亚胺化合物、氰酸酯化合物、环氧树脂等通常被用作固化促进剂的物质,可举出有机金属盐类(例如,辛酸锌、环烷酸锌、环烷酸钴、环烷酸铜、乙酰丙酮铁、辛酸镍、辛酸锰等)、酚化合物(例如,苯酚、二甲酚、甲酚、间苯二酚、儿茶酚、辛基苯酚、壬基苯酚等)、醇类(例如,1-丁醇、2-乙基己醇等)、咪唑类(例如,2-甲基咪唑、2-乙基-4-甲基咪唑、2-苯基咪唑、1-氰基乙基-2-苯基咪唑、1-氰基乙基-2-乙基-4-甲基咪唑、2-苯基-4,5-二羟基甲基咪唑、2-苯基-4-甲基-5-羟基甲基咪唑等)、及这些咪唑类的羧酸或其酸酐类的加成物等衍生物、胺类(例如,双氰胺、苄基二甲基胺、4-甲基-N,N-二甲基苄基胺等)、磷化合物(例如,膦系化合物、氧化膦系化合物、鏻盐系化合物、二膦系化合物等)、环氧-咪唑加合物系化合物、过氧化物(例如,过氧化苯甲酰、对氯过氧化苯甲酰、二叔丁基过氧化物、过氧化碳酸二异丙酯、过氧化碳酸二-2-乙基己酯等)、偶氮化合物(例如,偶氮双异丁腈等)。固化促进剂可以单独使用,也可组合使用两种以上。
固化促进剂的含量通常相对于树脂组合物中的树脂固体成分100质量份,可以为0.005~10质量份左右。
本实施方式的树脂组合物可以含有上述的成分以外的其他热固性树脂、热塑性树脂、及其低聚物等各种高分子化合物、各种添加剂。作为添加剂,可举出紫外线吸收剂、抗氧化剂、光聚合引发剂、荧光增白剂、光敏剂、染料、颜料、增稠剂、流动调节剂、润滑剂、消泡剂、分散剂、流平剂、光泽剂、阻聚剂等。这些添加剂可以单独使用,也可组合使用两种以上。
[有机溶剂]
本实施方式的树脂组合物可以含有有机溶剂。此时,本实施方式的树脂组合物为上述各种树脂成分中的至少一部分、优选全部溶解或相溶于有机溶剂中的方式(溶液或清漆)。作为有机溶剂,只要可以将上述各种树脂成分中的至少一部分、优选全部进行溶解或相溶,就没有特别限定,作为极性有机溶剂,可举出例如酮类(例如,丙酮、甲乙酮、甲基异丁基酮等)、溶纤剂类(例如,丙二醇单甲醚、丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯等)、酯类(例如,乳酸乙酯、乙酸甲酯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、乙酸异戊酯、乳酸乙酯、甲氧基丙酸甲酯、羟基异丁酸甲酯等)、酰胺类(例如,二甲氧基乙酰胺、二甲基甲酰胺类等),作为非极性有机溶剂,可举出芳香族烃(例如,甲苯、二甲苯等)。这些有机溶剂可以单独使用,也可组合使用两种以上。
[树脂组合物]
本实施方式的树脂组合物可以按照常规方法制备,只要是可以得到均匀地含有马来酰亚胺化合物(A)、氰酸酯化合物(B)、式(1)所示的数均分子量为1000以上且7000的聚苯醚化合物(C)、具有苯乙烯骨架的嵌段共聚物(D)、及上述其他任意成分的树脂组合物的方法,则其制备方法就没有特别限定。例如,将马来酰亚胺化合物(A)、氰酸酯化合物(B)、式(1)所示的数均分子量为1000以上且7000的聚苯醚化合物(C)、及具有苯乙烯骨架的嵌段共聚物(D)依次配混于溶剂中,并充分地进行搅拌,由此可以容易地制备本实施方式的树脂组合物。
本实施方式的树脂组合物优选马来酰亚胺化合物(A)、氰酸酯化合物(B)、式(1)所示的数均分子量为1000以上且7000以下的聚苯醚化合物(C)、及具有苯乙烯骨架的嵌段共聚物(D)的质量之和占树脂组合物中包含的树脂固体成分的90质量%以上,更优选占95质量%以上,也可以占98质量%以上。
[用途]
本实施方式的树脂组合物可适当地用作印刷电路板的绝缘层、半导体封装体用材料。本实施方式的树脂组合物可适当地用作构成预浸料、使用预浸料的覆金属箔层叠板、树脂片、及印刷电路板的材料。
[预浸料]
本实施方式的预浸料由基材和本实施方式的树脂组合物形成。本实施方式的预浸料例如可以如下得到:使本实施方式的树脂组合物浸渗或涂布于基材后,在120~220℃下干燥2~15分钟左右的方法等使其半固化,从而得到。此时,树脂组合物(也包括树脂组合物的固化物)相对于基材的附着量、即树脂组合物量(包括填充材料(F)。)相对于半固化后的预浸料的总量优选20~99质量%的范围。
作为基材,只要是各种印刷电路板材料中使用的基材,就没有特别限定。作为基材的材质,可举出例如玻璃纤维(例如,E-玻璃、D-玻璃、L-玻璃、S-玻璃、T-玻璃、Q-玻璃、UN-玻璃、NE-玻璃、球状玻璃等)玻璃以外的无机纤维(例如,石英等)、有机纤维(例如,聚酰亚胺、聚酰胺、聚酯、液晶聚酯、聚四氟乙烯等)。作为基材的方式,没有特别限定,可举出有织布、无纺布、粗纱、短切毡、表面毡等。这些基材可以单独使用,也可组合使用两种以上。这些基材之中,从尺寸稳定性的观点来看,优选实施了超开纤处理、孔眼堵塞处理的织布,从吸湿耐热性的观点来看,优选环氧硅烷处理、氨基硅烷处理等利用硅烷偶联剂等进行了表面处理的玻璃织布。从电特性的观点来看,更优选由L-玻璃、NE-玻璃、Q-玻璃等表现低介电常数性、低介电损耗角正切性的玻璃纤维形成的低介电玻璃布。
[覆金属箔层叠板]
本实施方式的覆金属箔层叠板具有重叠1张以上的本实施方式的预浸料、和配置在预浸料的单面或两面的金属箔。对于本实施方式的覆金属箔层叠板而言,可举出例如重叠1张以上的本实施方式的预浸料,并在其单面或两面配置金属箔而进行层叠成形的方法,更详细而言,也可以利用在其单面或两面配置铜、铝等金属箔而进行层叠成形来制作。作为金属箔,只要是可以用于印刷电路板用材料的材料,就没有特别限定,可举出例如压延铜箔、电解铜箔等铜箔。金属箔(铜箔)的厚度并无特别限定,可以为1.5~70μm左右。作为成形方法,可举出对印刷电路板用层叠板及多层板进行成形时通常使用的方法,更详细而言,可举出使用多级压制机、多级真空压制机、连续成形机、高压釜成形机等,以温度180~350℃左右、加热时间100~300分钟左右、面压20~100kg/cm2左右进行层叠成形的方法。另外,也可以通过将本实施方式的预浸料与另行制作的内层用的电路板组合并进行层叠成形来制成多层板。作为多层板的制造方法,例如,可以在1张本实施方式的预浸料的两面配置35μm左右的金属箔(铜箔),以上述的成形方法进行层叠形成后,形成内层电路,对该电路实施黑化处理而形成内层电路板,其后,将该内层电路板和本实施方式的预浸料1张1张地交替配置,进而在最外层配置金属箔(铜箔),以上述条件优选在真空下进行层叠成形,由此制作多层板。本实施方式的覆金属箔层叠板可适当地用作印刷电路板。
[印刷电路板]
本实施方式的印刷电路板包含绝缘层、配置在绝缘层表面的导体层,绝缘层包含由本实施方式的树脂组合物形成的层。这种印刷电路板可以按照常规方法制造,其制造方法并无特别限定。以下,示出印刷电路板的制造方法的一个例子。首先,准备上述覆铜层叠板等覆金属箔层叠板。接着,对覆金属箔层叠板的表面实施蚀刻处理而进行内层电路的形成,从而制作内层基板。根据需要对该内层基板的内层电路表面进行用于提高粘接强度的表面处理,接着在其内层电路表面重叠所需张数上述预浸料,进而在其外侧层叠外层电路用的金属箔,进行加热加压而一体成形。这样,制造在内层电路与外层电路用的金属箔之间形成有基材及由热固化性树脂组合物的固化物形成的绝缘层的多层的层叠板。接着,对该多层的层叠板实施通孔、导通孔用的钻孔加工后,在该孔的壁面形成用于使内层电路和外层电路用的金属箔导通的镀金属覆膜,进而对外层电路用的金属箔实施蚀刻处理从而形成外层电路,由此制造印刷电路板。
上述的制造例得到的印刷电路板具有绝缘层、和在该绝缘层的表面形成的导体层,绝缘层为包含上述本实施方式的树脂组合物及其固化物中的至少任意者的构成。即,上述本实施方式的预浸料(包含基材及浸渗或涂布于该基材的本实施方式的树脂组合物及其固化物中的至少任意者)、上述本实施方式的覆金属箔层叠板的树脂组合物的层(包含本发明的树脂组合物及其固化物中的至少任意者的层)由包含本实施方式的树脂组合物及其固化物中的至少一者的绝缘层构成。
[树脂片]
本实施方式的树脂片包含支撑体和由配置在前述支撑体的表面的本实施方式的树脂组合物形成的层。树脂片可以用作积层用薄膜或干膜阻焊剂。作为树脂片的制造方法,并无特别限定,可举出例如将使上述的本实施方式的树脂组合物溶解于溶剂而成的溶液涂布(涂覆)在支撑体上并干燥从而得到树脂片的方法。
作为此处所使用的支撑体,可举出例如聚乙烯薄膜、聚丙烯薄膜、聚碳酸酯薄膜、聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯薄膜、乙烯四氟乙烯共聚物薄膜、及在这些薄膜的表面上涂布有脱模剂的脱模薄膜、聚酰亚胺薄膜等有机系的薄膜基材、铜箔、铝箔等导体箔、玻璃板、SUS板、FRP等板状的薄膜基材,并没有特别限定。
作为涂布方法(涂覆方法),可举出例如用棒涂机、模涂机、刮刀、贝克式涂抹器等将使本实施方式的树脂组合物溶解于溶剂而成的溶液涂布在支撑体上的方法。另外,也可干燥后,通过从层叠有支撑体和树脂组合物的树脂片上对支撑体进行剥离或蚀刻来制成单层片(树脂片)。需要说明的是,通过进行将前述的使本实施方式的树脂组合物溶解于溶剂而成的溶液供给于片状的具有模腔的模具内并干燥等使其成形为片状,也可不使用支撑体而得到单层片(树脂片)。
需要说明的是,本实施方式的单层片或树脂片的制作中,去除溶剂时的干燥条件并无特别限定,从易于去除树脂组合物中的溶剂、且干燥时的固化的进行被抑制的观点来看,优选为20℃~200℃的温度下1~90分钟。另外,单层片或树脂片中,树脂组合物可以以仅对溶剂进行了干燥的未固化的状态使用,根据需要也可以使其成为半固化(B阶化)的状态来使用。进而,本实施方式的单层或树脂片的树脂层的厚度可以通过本实施方式的树脂组合物的溶液的浓度和涂布厚度来调节,并无特别限定,从干燥时容易去除溶剂的观点来看,优选为0.1~500μm。
实施例
(合成例1)萘酚芳烷基型氰酸酯化合物(SNCN)的合成
使1-萘酚芳烷基树脂(新日铁住金化学株式会社制)300g(OH基换算1.28mol)及三乙基胺194.6g(1.92mol)(相对于羟基1mol为1.5mol)溶解于二氯甲烷1800g,将其作为溶液1。
在搅拌下,边保持液温为-2~-0.5℃,边用30分钟将溶液1滴加至氯化氰125.9g(2.05mol)(相对于羟基1mol为1.6mol)、二氯甲烷293.8g、36%盐酸194.5g(1.92mol)(相对于羟基1摩尔为1.5摩尔)、水1205.9g中。溶液1滴加结束后,以同温度搅拌30分钟后,用10分钟滴加使三乙基胺65g(0.64mol)(相对于羟基1mol为0.5mol)溶解于二氯甲烷65g而成的溶液(溶液2)。溶液2滴加结束后,以同温度搅拌30分钟使反应结束。
之后静置反应液,使有机相和水相分离。用水1300g清洗得到的有机相5次。第5次水洗的废水的电导率为5μS/cm,确认了通过基于水的清洗,要去除的离子性化合物被充分去除。
在减压下对水洗后的有机相进行浓缩,最终在90℃下使其浓缩干燥固化1小时,得到目标萘酚芳烷基型的氰酸酯化合物(SNCN)(橙色粘性物)331g。得到的SNCN的重均分子量Mw为600。另外,SNCN的IR光谱显示2250cm-1(氰酸酯基)的吸收,且未显示羟基的吸收。
(实施例1)
将式(2)中的R4全部为氢原子且n4为1~3的马来酰亚胺化合物(A)(BMI-2300、大和化成工业株式会社制)24质量份、由合成例1得到的SNCN(B)56质量份、式(11)中的X为式(12)且-(Y-O)n2-为式(15)的结构单元聚合而成的聚苯醚化合物(C)(OPE-2St1200、三菱瓦斯化学株式会社制、数均分子量1187、乙烯基当量:590g/eq.)10质量份、苯乙烯-丁二烯嵌段共聚物(D)(TR2630、JSR株式会社制、苯乙烯率32%)10质量份、球状二氧化硅(F)(SC2050-MB、Admatechs Company Limited制、平均粒径0.5μm)150质量份混合,用甲乙酮将固体成分稀释至65质量%,得到清漆。
将该得到的清漆浸渍涂覆在厚度0.069mm的低介电玻璃布上,使用干燥机(耐压防爆型蒸汽干燥机、株式会社高杉制作所制),进行165℃、5分钟加热干燥,得到树脂组合物含量60质量%的预浸料。以重叠有1张或4张该预浸料的状态,在两面配置12μm铜箔(3EC-M3-VLP、三井金属矿业株式会社制),以压力30kg/cm2、温度210℃进行150分钟真空压制,得到厚度0.1mm及0.4mm的12μm覆铜层叠板(覆金属箔层叠板)。使用得到的覆铜层叠板(覆金属箔层叠板),进行介电常数及介电损耗角正切、线热膨胀系数(CTE)、及固化物的均匀性的评价。结果示于表1。
(实施例2)
将式(2)中的R4全部为氢原子且n4为1~3的马来酰亚胺化合物(A)(BMI-2300、大和化成工业株式会社制)15质量份、由合成例1得到的SNCN(B)35质量份、由式(11)中的X为式(12)且-(Y-O)n2-为式(15)的结构单元聚合而成的聚苯醚化合物(C)(OPE-2St1200、三菱瓦斯化学株式会社制、数均分子量1187、乙烯基当量:590g/eq.)10质量份、及作为(C)的第二成分的由式(11)中的X为式(12)且-(Y-O)n2-为式(15)的结构单元聚合而成的聚苯醚化合物(C)(OPE-2St2200、三菱瓦斯化学株式会社制、数均分子量2200、乙烯基当量:1100g/eq.)10质量份、苯乙烯-丁二烯嵌段共聚物(D)(TR2630、JSR株式会社制、苯乙烯率32%)10质量份、α-甲基苯乙烯聚合物(E)(Kristalex 3085、Eastman Chemical Company制、数均分子量:664)20质量份、球状二氧化硅(F)(SC2050-MB、Admatechs Company Limited制、平均粒径0.5μm)150质量份混合,用甲乙酮将固体成分稀释至65质量%,得到清漆。之后,与实施例1同样地得到厚度0.1mm及0.4mm的覆金属层叠板。得到的覆金属层叠板的评价结果示于表1。
(实施例3)
除了使用式(3)中的R5全部为氢原子且n5的平均值为1.4的马来酰亚胺化合物(A)(MIR-3000、日本化药株式会社制)15质量份代替式(2)中的R4全部为氢原子且n4为1~3的马来酰亚胺化合物(A)之外,与实施例2同样地得到厚度0.1mm及0.4mm的覆金属层叠板。得到的覆金属层叠板的评价结果示于表1。
(实施例4)
除了使用式(17)中的R8全部为甲基的马来酰亚胺化合物(A)(BMI-80、KI化成株式会社制)15质量份代替式(2)中的R4全部为氢原子且n4为1~3的马来酰亚胺化合物(A)之外,与实施例2同样地得到厚度0.1mm及0.4mm的覆金属层叠板。得到的覆金属层叠板的评价结果示于表1。
(实施例5)
将式(2)中的R4全部为氢原子且n4为1~3的马来酰亚胺化合物(A)(BMI-2300、大和化成工业株式会社制)12质量份、由合成例1得到的萘酚芳烷基型氰酸酯SNCN(B)28质量份、由式(11)中的X为式(12)且-(Y-O)n2-为式(15)的结构单元聚合而成的聚苯醚化合物(C)(OPE-2St1200、三菱瓦斯化学株式会社制、数均分子量1187、乙烯基当量:590g/eq.)10质量份、及作为(C)的第二成分的由式(11)中的X为式(12)且-(Y-O)n2-为式(15)的结构单元聚合而成的聚苯醚化合物(C)(OPE-2St2200、三菱瓦斯化学株式会社制、数均分子量2200、乙烯基当量:1100g/eq.)10质量份、苯乙烯-氢化异戊二烯嵌段共聚物(D)(SEPTON2104、Kuraray Co.,Ltd.制、苯乙烯率65%)10质量份、α-甲基苯乙烯聚合物(E)(Kristalex3085、Eastman Chemical Company制、数均分子量:664)20质量份、球状二氧化硅(F)(SC2050-MB、Admatechs Company Limited制、平均粒径0.5μm)150质量份、作为磷系阻燃剂(G)的1,3-亚苯基双(2,6-二甲苯基磷酸酯)(PX-200、大八化学工业株式会社制)10质量份混合,用甲乙酮将固体成分稀释至65质量%,得到清漆。之后,与实施例1同样地得到厚度0.1mm及0.4mm的覆金属层叠板。得到的覆金属层叠板的评价结果示于表1。
(比较例1)
将式(2)中的R4全部为氢原子且n4为1~3的马来酰亚胺化合物(A)(BMI-2300、大和化成工业株式会社制)30质量份、由合成例1得到的萘酚芳烷基型氰酸酯SNCN(B)70质量份、球状二氧化硅(F)(SC2050-MB、Admatechs Company Limited制、平均粒径0.5μm)150质量份混合,用甲乙酮将固体成分稀释至65质量%,得到清漆。之后,与实施例1同样地得到厚度0.1mm及0.4mm的覆金属层叠板。得到的覆金属层叠板的评价结果示于表2。
(比较例2)
不使用苯乙烯-丁二烯嵌段共聚物(D)(TR2630)10质量份,使用由式(11)中的X为式(12)且-(Y-O)n2-为式(15)的结构单元聚合而成的聚苯醚化合物(C)(OPE-2St1200、三菱瓦斯化学株式会社制、数均分子量1187、乙烯基当量:590g/eq.)20质量份,除此以外,与实施例1同样地得到厚度0.1mm及0.4mm的覆金属层叠板。得到的覆金属层叠板的评价结果示于表2。
(比较例3)
将式(2)中的R4全部为氢原子且n4为1~3的马来酰亚胺化合物(A)(BMI-2300、大和化成工业株式会社制)27质量份、由合成例1得到的萘酚芳烷基型氰酸酯SNCN(B)63质量份、苯乙烯-丁二烯嵌段共聚物(D)(TR2630)10质量份、球状二氧化硅(F)(SC2050-MB、Admatechs Company Limited制、平均粒径0.5μm)150质量份混合,用甲乙酮将固体成分稀释至65质量%,得到清漆。之后,与实施例1同样地得到厚度0.1mm及0.4mm的覆金属层叠板。得到的覆金属层叠板的评价结果示于表2。
(比较例4)
将式(2)中的R4全部为氢原子且n4为1~3的马来酰亚胺化合物(A)(BMI-2300、大和化成工业株式会社制)21质量份、通过合成例1得到的萘酚芳烷基型氰酸酯(B)49质量份、苯乙烯-丁二烯嵌段共聚物(D)(TR2630)10质量份、α-甲基苯乙烯聚合物(E)(Kristalex3085、Eastman Chemical Company制、数均分子量:664)20质量份、球状二氧化硅(F)(SC2050-MB、Admatechs Company Limited制、平均粒径0.5μm)150质量份混合,用甲乙酮将固体成分稀释至65质量%,得到清漆。之后,与实施例1同样地得到厚度0.1mm及0.4mm的覆金属层叠板。得到的覆金属层叠板的评价结果示于表2。
(比较例5)
实施例3中,不使用由式(11)中的X为式(12)且-(Y-O)n2-为式(15)的结构单元聚合而成的聚苯醚化合物(C)(OPE-2St1200)10质量份、及作为(C)的第二成分的由式(11)中的X为式(12)且-(Y-O)n2-为式(15)的结构单元聚合而成的聚苯醚化合物(C)(OPE-2St2200)10质量份,取而代之使用不满足式(1)的结构的聚苯醚化合物(SA9000、SABIC制)20质量份,除此之外与实施例3同样地得到厚度0.1mm及0.4mm的覆金属层叠板。得到的覆金属层叠板的评价结果示于表2。
[表1]
[表2]
(测定方法及评价方法)
(1)介电常数(Dk)及介电损耗角正切(Df):
使用通过对各实施例及各比较例得到的厚度0.4mm的覆金属箔层叠板的铜箔进行蚀刻而进行了去除的样品,利用摄动法空腔谐振器(Agilent Technologies,Inc.产品、Agilent8722ES),测定10GHz的介电常数及介电损耗角正切。
(2)线热膨胀系数(CTE):
使用通过对各实施例及各比较例得到的厚度0.1mm的覆金属箔层叠板的铜箔进行蚀刻而进行了去除的样品,利用JlS C 6481:1996规定的TMA法(Thermo-mechanicalanalysis),对层叠板的绝缘层测定玻璃布的纵向的热膨胀系数,并求出其值。具体而言,通过对上述得到的覆金属箔层叠板的两面的铜箔进行蚀刻而进行了去除后,制作4.5mm×16mm的评价基板,用热机械分析装置(TA INSTRUMENTS制),以每分钟10℃从40℃升温至340℃,测定60℃~120℃下的线热膨胀系数(CTE)(ppm/℃)。
(3)固化物的均匀性(分散不良):
利用BUEHLER制MetaServ3000对各实施例及各比较例中得到的厚度0.4mm的覆金属层叠板的截面进行研磨,使用Nikon制EPIPHOT观察截面的状态。分别将观察到空隙及分散不良者设为NG,未观察到者设为OK。
产业上的可利用性
如以上说明,本发明的树脂组合物在电气/电子材料、机床材料、航空材料等各种用途中,可以广泛且有效地用于例如电绝缘材料、半导体塑料封装体、密封材料、粘接剂、层叠材料、抗蚀剂、积层层叠板材料等,尤其是可以特别有效地用作近年来的信息终端机器、通信机器等高集成/高密度化对应的印刷电路板材料。另外,本发明的层叠板及覆金属箔层叠板等中,特别是可以同时达成优异的低介电常数性、低介电损耗角正切性、低热膨胀性,且可以成为均匀的固化物,因此其工业上的实用性也极高。
根据表1及表2确认了:通过使用本发明的树脂组合物,可以同时达成优异的低介电常数性、低介电损耗角正切性、低热膨胀性,且可以实现呈均匀的固化物的预浸料及印刷电路板等。
Claims (11)
1.一种树脂组合物,其含有:马来酰亚胺化合物(A)、氰酸酯化合物(B)、下述式(11)所示的数均分子量为1000以上且7000以下的聚苯醚化合物(C)及具有苯乙烯骨架的嵌段共聚物(D),
所述马来酰亚胺化合物(A)选自双马来酰亚胺化合物、下述式(2)所示的化合物及下述式(3)所示的化合物,
所述氰酸酯化合物(B)为下述式(5)所示的化合物,
相对于所述树脂组合物的树脂固体成分100质量份,所述树脂组合物中的所述聚苯醚化合物(C)的含量为5质量份以上且30质量份以下,
相对于树脂固体成分100质量份,所述具有苯乙烯骨架的嵌段共聚物(D)的含量为5质量份以上且30质量份以下,
式(11)中,X为选自式(12)、式(13)及式(14)所示的基团中的芳香族基团,-(Y-O)n2-分别表示聚苯醚部分,n2分别表示1~100的整数,
式(13)中,R38、R39、R40及R41分别独立地表示氢原子或甲基,-B-为碳数20以下的直链状、支链状或环状的2价烃基,
式(14)中,-B-为碳数20以下的直链状、支链状或环状的2价烃基,
所述式(2)中,R4分别独立地表示氢原子或甲基,n4表示1以上的整数,
所述式(3)中,R5分别独立地表示氢原子、碳数1~8的烷基或苯基,n5表示1以上且10以下的整数,
式(5)中,Ar1分别独立地表示任选具有取代基的亚苯基、任选具有取代基的亚萘基或任选具有取代基的亚联苯基;R81分别独立地选自氢原子、任选具有取代基的碳数1~6的烷基、任选具有取代基的碳数6~12的芳基、任选具有取代基的碳数1~4的烷氧基、由碳数1~6的烷基与碳数6~12的芳基键合而成的任选具有取代基的芳烷基或由碳数1~6的烷基与碳数6~12的芳基键合而成的任选具有取代基的烷基芳基中的任一种;n6表示与Ar1键合的氰酰基的数量,为1~3的整数;n7表示与Ar1键合的R81的数量,Ar1为亚苯基时为4-n6、为亚萘基时为6-n6、为亚联苯基时为8-n6;n8表示平均重复数,为0~50的整数;Z分别独立地选自单键、碳数1~50的2价有机基团、氮数1~10的2价有机基团中的任一者,其中,碳数1~50的2价有机基团的氢原子任选被杂原子取代。
2.根据权利要求1所述的树脂组合物,其中,所述具有苯乙烯骨架的嵌段共聚物(D)含有选自由苯乙烯-丁二烯嵌段共聚物、苯乙烯-异戊二烯嵌段共聚物、苯乙烯-氢化丁二烯嵌段共聚物、苯乙烯-氢化异戊二烯嵌段共聚物及苯乙烯-氢化(异戊二烯/丁二烯)嵌段共聚物组成的组中的至少一种。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的树脂组合物,其还含有苯乙烯低聚物(E)。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的树脂组合物,其还含有填充材料(F)。
6.根据权利要求5所述的树脂组合物,其中,相对于树脂固体成分100质量份,所述填充材料(F)的含量为50~300质量份。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的树脂组合物,其还含有阻燃剂(G)。
8.一种预浸料,其由基材及权利要求1~7中任一项所述的树脂组合物形成。
9.一种覆金属箔层叠板,其包含:重叠1张以上的权利要求8所述的预浸料、和配置在所述预浸料的单面或两面的金属箔。
10.一种树脂片,其包含:支撑体、和配置在所述支撑体的表面的由权利要求1~7中任一项所述的树脂组合物形成的层。
11.一种印刷电路板,其包含:绝缘层、和配置在所述绝缘层的表面的导体层,所述绝缘层包含由权利要求1~7中任一项所述的树脂组合物形成的层。
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KR102329650B1 (ko) | 2021-11-19 |
TWI814832B (zh) | 2023-09-11 |
CN112204105A (zh) | 2021-01-08 |
WO2019230945A1 (ja) | 2019-12-05 |
JPWO2019230945A1 (ja) | 2020-06-25 |
JP6680405B1 (ja) | 2020-04-15 |
US20210214547A1 (en) | 2021-07-15 |
EP3805316A4 (en) | 2022-04-06 |
TW202003691A (zh) | 2020-01-16 |
KR20200139837A (ko) | 2020-12-14 |
EP3805316A1 (en) | 2021-04-14 |
US12091542B2 (en) | 2024-09-17 |
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