CN112167437A - 利用猪血发酵物的养殖鱼类饲料组合物 - Google Patents
利用猪血发酵物的养殖鱼类饲料组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN112167437A CN112167437A CN202011224134.3A CN202011224134A CN112167437A CN 112167437 A CN112167437 A CN 112167437A CN 202011224134 A CN202011224134 A CN 202011224134A CN 112167437 A CN112167437 A CN 112167437A
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Abstract
本发明公开一种利用具有促进养殖鱼类的生长效果的猪血发酵物的养殖鱼类饲料组合物。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种利用猪血发酵物的养殖鱼类饲料组合物。
背景技术
随着韩国国民生活水平的提升以及收入的增加，肉类消费随之增加且韩国国内的牛和猪的牲畜宰杀数量也随之增多。直至2000年代初期，血液副产物的人气仍然较高，因此报价中会包含血液副产物的价格，但是随着饮食文化的变化，约一半左右的血液无法得到再利用而直接进行废弃处理。
因为血液中的大部分成分是由蛋白质性有机物质构成，因此会快速腐败并导致恶臭的产生，通常为了对1吨动物血液进行处理而需要耗费5吨的清水，以2015年为基准，每吨的处理成本约为41万韩元，有报告指出，在韩国国内每年需要耗费约250亿韩元的处理成本。
因此，如果可以卫生地对牲畜宰杀血液进行回收、分类以及再利用，将有望节省污水处理成本并减少环境污染。尤其是从2013年开始，因为伦敦倾废公约的发酵，牲畜宰杀血液的海洋投弃被全面禁止，因此更急需开发出一种再利用技术。
通过名为“利用动物血液的液肥制造方法”的韩国注册专利第1012648760000号、名为“利用家畜血液的氨基酸制造方法以及利用上述氨基酸的有机质肥料制造方法”的韩国注册专利第1011003290000号等可以确认，目前正在积极开展利用牲畜宰杀血液制造饲料或肥料的再利用相关研究。
本发明公开一种将猪屠宰血液发酵物作为养殖鱼类饲料的再利用技术等。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种利用猪血发酵物的养殖鱼类饲料组合物。
本发明的其他目的或具体目的将通过下述内容得到进一步公开。
本发明涉及一种包含猪血发酵物的养殖鱼类饲料组合物，适用本发明的养殖鱼类饲料组合物具有可以通过下述实施例确认的养殖鱼类的生长促进效果。
在本发明中，猪血发酵物是指猪血通过约氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus johnsonii)和酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)的混合菌株发酵的发酵物，即，通过向猪血接种约氏乳杆菌和酿酒酵母而培养出的发酵物。
在本发明中，因为猪血的主要成分为蛋白质，因此为了在保管血液时防止血液发生凝固并顺利地完成发酵，可以向猪血添加血液抗凝剂。作为血液抗凝剂，可以使用如枸橼酸钠、酸性枸橼酸盐葡萄糖(ACD，acid citrate dextrose)、枸橼酸盐磷酸盐葡萄糖(CPD，citrate phosphate dextrose)、枸橼酸盐磷酸盐葡萄糖腺嘌呤(CPDA-1，CPD adenine-1)等本行业公知的任意物质，可以以2～15％(v/v)的范围添加使用。
此外，在本发明中，上述猪血在发酵前利用蛋白水解酶进行水解为宜。如上所述的水解的目的在于防止血液的凝固并顺利地完成发酵，可以利用任意的蛋白水解酶在最佳的活性条件下进行充分时间的水解。作为蛋白水解酶，可以使用如胃蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶、菠萝蛋白酶、NeutraseTM、ProtamexTM、AlcalaseTM、ProviaTM等，相应的酶活性的最佳温度条件可以是如胃蛋白酶为37℃、胰蛋白酶为25℃、菠萝蛋白酶为45℃、Neutrase和Protamex为50℃、Alcalase为50℃，水解时间可以是24～72小时的范围内。上述水解酶通常可以以猪血的1～3％(w/v)的范围添加使用。
此外，在本发明中，可以为了顺利地通过接种菌株完成发酵而向猪血或在猪血被水解的情况下向其水解物添加碳源。作为碳源，可以使用本行业公知的任意碳源，例如可以使用如低聚糖、乳糖、葡萄糖、果糖、砂糖、糖浆以及右旋糖等。考虑到如发酵时间、发酵程度等，可以在0.1％(w/v)至10％(w/v)的范围内添加上述水解物。
此外，在本发明中，培养温度可以是在15℃至50℃的范围内。考虑到培养速度，是在30℃以上为宜。尤其是，可以是在30℃至50℃的范围内。
此外，在本发明中，培养期间即接种之后的发酵菌株的培养期间是在3天以上为宜。这是因为如下述的实施例所述，当发酵期间为3天以上时发酵菌株可以达到稳定期状态且pH可以稳定地维持在4.0。因为血液试料的主要成分为蛋白质，因此即使是在常温条件下放置1～2天也会快速腐败，但是当pH为4.0时可以在室温条件下长期保管约12个月左右。
适用本发明的猪血发酵物，可以以培养原液本身的形态或通过对上述培养原液的冻结干燥、减压浓缩、真空干燥、喷雾干燥、热风干燥而进行浓缩的液状或粉末状的形态使用。在对发酵物中所需要的有用成分进行浓缩使用时，也可以以对发酵物进行提取的提取物形态使用。提取物是指利用水或有机溶剂(例如，甲醇，乙醇，丁醇等碳原子数为1至4的低级醇、二氯甲烷、乙烯、丙酮、己烷、乙醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、二甲基亚砜(DMSO)、1,3-丁二醇、丙二醇)或上述之混合溶剂对上述发酵物(培养原液或其浓缩物)进行浸出而获得的提取物、利用如二氧化碳、戊烷等超临界提取溶剂获得的提取物或对上述提取物进行分馏而获得的分馏物，作为提取方法可以在考虑到被提取物质的极性、提取程度、保存程度等的情况下适用如冷浸、对流、加温、超声波放射、超临界提取等任意的方式。作为提取物，也可以以粗提取液本身的形态或通过对上述粗提取液的冻结干燥、减压浓缩、真空干燥、喷雾干燥、热风干燥而进行浓缩的液状或粉末状的形态使用。
适用本发明的猪血发酵物，可以是通过与米糠和/或大豆粕进行混合而借助于上述猪血发酵物中存在的约氏乳杆菌和酿酒酵母进行2次(追加)发酵的发酵物。如上所述的猪血2次发酵物在养殖鱼类的生长促进效果方面比上述猪血发酵物(即猪血的1次发酵物)或米糠和/或大豆粕更加优秀(在下述实施例中并未提供结果)，而且通过将猪血1次发酵物与米糠和/或大豆粕混合发酵，可以将培养液形态的猪血1次发酵物转换成固态形状的颗粒形态，从而在添加到组合饲料中进行使用时可以更加均匀地混合到组合饲料中。
在本发明中，米糠是指将糙米碾制成白米的过程中所获得的副产物，通常是由种皮和胚芽构成。
此外，在本发明中，大豆粕是指利用大豆榨油后所获得的副产物，也被称之为脱脂大豆，其蛋白质含量高达40～50％。
在本发明中，猪血2次发酵物可以在将猪血1次发酵物与米糠粉末和/或大豆粕粉末混合之后，在适合于利用约氏乳杆菌和酿酒酵母进行发酵的温度，即15℃至50℃的温度范围，尤其是30℃至50℃的温度范围内进行放置的方式获得。此时，培养期间至少为2天以上，较佳地可以是5天、7天以上。此外，可以为了促进发酵而作为碳源添加适量(0.1％(w/v)至10％(w/v))的砂糖等碳源。
上述猪血1次发酵物与米糠粉末和/或大豆粕粉末的混合比例没有特殊限制，但是较佳地可以以猪血1次发酵物100重量份为基准混合50重量份至150重量份的米糠粉末或大豆粕粉末或上述之混合物。在同时对猪血1次发酵物与米糠粉末以及大豆粕粉末进行混合发酵的情况下，其混合比例可以是以猪血1次发酵物100重量份为基准混合25重量份至75重量份的米糠粉末以及25重量份至75重量份的大豆粕粉末。较佳地，在同时对猪血1次发酵物与米糠粉末以及大豆粕粉末进行混合发酵的情况下，其混合比例可以是以猪血1次发酵物100重量份为基准混合50重量份的米糠粉末以及50重量份的大豆粕粉末。
适用本发明的饲料组合物除了上述猪血发酵物之外，还可以为了养殖鱼类的促生长、促消化、提升饲料效率、强化免疫、提升疾病抵抗性等目的而包括普遍适用于养殖鱼类饲料中的成分。作为如上所述的成分，可以包括如植物性成分、动物性成分以及矿物性成分等。
作为上述植物性成分，可以包括如燕麦、荞麦、小麦、大麦、高亮、大米、玉米、小米、稗、黑麦等谷物类；如黍皮、燕麦麸、大豆皮、麦麸(小麦皮)、麦糠、高粱糠、米糠、玉米皮、薏米皮、小米糠等糠皮类(谷物副产物类)；如芥菜粕、球芽粕、燕麦粕、大豆粕、紫苏粕、啤酒粕、棉籽粕、麦芽粕、椰子粕、橄榄粕、淀粉粕等粕类；如马铃薯、红薯、菊芋等薯类；如马铃薯加工副产物、水果类加工副产物、蔬菜加工副产物等食品加工副产物类；如鸡冠菜、海白菜、苷苔、海苔、江篱、海带等藻类；如微拟球藻、杜氏藻、螺旋藻等微藻类；如毛花雀稗、拉迪诺三叶草、巨序剪股颖、大麦嫩草等纤维质类；如大豆油、大麻籽油、棉籽油、米糠油等油脂类；如谷物淀粉、薯类淀粉等淀粉类；如大豆、扁豆等豆类、如芒果、橡胶、梨、苹果等水果类；如茄子、胡萝卜、萝卜、甜菜、宽叶韭等蔬菜类；如猴头菇、平菇、灵芝等蘑菇类等。
如上所述的植物性成分可以根据如促生长、促消化、提升饲料效率等使用目的适量地包含于适用本发明的饲料组合物中。通常，可以根据成分类型、使用目的等包含约3至80重量％范围。
作为动物性成分，可以包括如家禽副产物干燥粉、干鱼片、蟹粉、鸡蛋粉、螺粉、鱼粉等蛋白质类；如骨粉、骨灰、鱼骨粉、贝粉等无机物类；如鸡油、动物食用残油、猪油、牛油等油脂类；如黄粉虫幼虫、干蟋蟀、干蚱蜢等昆虫类；如轮虫、糠虾、水蚤等浮游生物类；如乳糖、全脂奶粉、奶酪、脱脂奶粉等乳制品加工副产物类等；如上所述的成分也可以根据成分类型、使用目的等在适用本发明的饲料组合物中包含约3至80重量％范围。
作为矿物性成分，可以包括如石灰石粉末、碳酸钙、硫酸钙、枸橼酸铁、钼酸钠、钼酸铵、硒酸钠、亚硒酸钠、氯化铬、碘酸钾、碘酸钙、碘化钾、碳酸锰、硫酸铜、硫酸锰、硫酸锌等，如上所述的矿物性成分可以在适用本发明的饲料组合物中包含微量(0.0001至5重量％)的含量。
适用本发明的饲料组合物除了上述植物性成分、动物性成分、矿物性成分之外，还可以为了提升免疫力、提升饲料的保存性、提升饲料成分的混合均匀性、轻易地实现制剂化等目的而追加包括如结着剂、保存剂、维生素、酶、微生物以及香料等，如上所述的成分可以根据其使用目的在适用本发明的饲料组合物中包含适量(0.0001重量％至10重量％)的含量。
作为上述结着剂，可以包括如瓜尔豆胶、纤维素、明胶等天然结着剂以及如海藻酸钠、海藻酸铵、海藻酸钾等合成结着剂。
此外，作为上述保存剂，可以包括如苹果酸、酒石酸、蚁酸、枸橼酸等酸味剂；如硬脂酸钙、氯化锡等抗凝剂；如白藜芦醇、没食子酸、维生素E等抗氧化剂；如丙酸、丙酸钠等抗真菌剂等。
此外，作为上述维生素，可以包括如左旋肉碱、烟酸、烟酰胺、生物素(维生素H)、维生素A、硫胺素萘-1,5二磺酸盐、硫酸十二烷酯硫胺等。
此外，作为上述酶，可以包括如葡糖糖化酶、乳糖酶、纤维素酶、脂肪酶、植酸酶、蛋白酶等。
此外，作为上述微生物，可以包括乳酸乳杆菌、鼠李糖乳杆菌、保加利亚乳杆菌、短乳杆菌等乳酸菌；如曲霉属真菌等菌类；如酿酒酵母等酵母等。
此外，作为上述香料，可以包括如天然调味料(Natural flavoring substance)、合成调味料(Synthetic flavoring substance)、甘草、果糖等甜味剂。
适用本发明的饲料组合物可以以液态制剂(尤其是猪血培养原液或其浓缩液形态)、粉末(powder)、颗粒(granule)、丸剂(pill)或颗粒剂(pellet)形态进行制剂化。
在另一方面，本发明涉及一种作为有效成分包含如上所述的猪血发酵物的养殖鱼类促生长用饲料组合物。
在下述实施例中，当将猪血发酵物添加到饲料中并喂食养殖鱼类时，可以呈现出体长和体重增加的明显的促生长效果。而如上所述的效果可以直接转化成养殖业者的经济收益。
在适用本发明的饲料组合物中，当以饲料组合物的整体重量为基准时，考虑到预期的促使生长效果，可以以0.1重量％至10重量％的范围包含猪血发酵物。在下述实施例中，考虑到在将猪血发酵物以1～4重量％添加到饲料中并喂食养殖鱼类2～3个月时也可以呈现出充分的体重增加效果，将猪血发酵物以1～4重量％添加到饲料组合物中为宜。
本发明的饲料组合物除如上所述的有效成分之外黑可以包括如上所述的养殖鱼类饲料的一般成分，例如植物性成分、矿物性成分等，此外还可以按照如上所述的方式以如粉末(powder)等形态进行制剂化。
在又一方面，本发明涉及一种包括利用如上所述的猪血发酵物喂食养殖鱼类的步骤的养殖鱼类的促生长方法。
在适用本发明的方法中，猪血发酵物的喂食可以通过将猪血发酵物添加到饲料或养殖水槽中的方式实现。
适用本发明的养殖鱼类饲料组合物或养殖鱼类的促生长方法，可以适用于如许氏平鲉、鲆鱼类(属于硬骨鱼纲牙鲆科(Pa-ralichthyidae)的鱼类，包括牙鲆(Paralichthysolivaceus)、五眼斑鲆(Pseudorhombus pentophthalmus))、真鲷、黑鲷、石鲷、狼鲈类、鲻鱼类、鲽鱼类、豚鱼类、鲂鱼类、鲐鱼、斑鰶、石斑鱼、鳟鱼类、鮸鱼、小黄鱼、河豚类、竹筴鱼类等。
如上所述，本发明可以提供一种利用猪血发酵物养殖鱼类饲料组合物。在利用适用本发明的饲料组合物喂食养殖鱼类时，可以达成体长增加以及体重增加等促生长效果。
附图说明
图1是对在简易水槽试验中的试验期间内的体重变化进行图示的结果。
图2是对在简易水槽试验中的试验期间内的体长变化进行图示的结果。
图3是对在现场适用试验中的试验期间内的体长以及体重变化进行图示的结果。
具体实施方式
接下来，将结合实施例对本发明进行说明。但是，本发明的范围并不因为下述的实施例而受到限定。
<实施例>猪血发酵物的制造以及上述发酵物作为养殖鱼类饲料添加剂的效果试验
1.猪血1次发酵物的制造
从位于济州岛的济州养猪农业协会畜产品总和加工中心购入了猪血，并在试验之前向上述血液试料投入血液抗凝剂即4％枸橼酸钠溶液10％(v/v)并进行冷冻保管。
将冷冻保管的血液试料在常温下进行解冻并在添加蛋白水解酶即1％(w/v)的AlcalaseTM(Novozyme，Co.)的同时作为碳源添加6％(w/v)的砂糖并进行混合，接下来以6％(v/v)接种约氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus johnsonii，由本发明人分离和鉴定的菌株)培养液以及酿酒酵母KCTC 7083(Saccharomyces cerevisiae KCTC 7083)培养液的混合菌株并在40℃±10℃的温度范围内以50～70rpm进行搅拌而使其发生水解反应的同时培养3天至30天，从而制造出猪血发酵物。
所制造出的猪血发酵物的固态成分含量为20brix，此外培养3天之后的pH为4.3，而在培养4天之后开始维持pH 4.0的状态。借此，判定在室温条件下可以实现12个月左右的长期保管。
此外，通过成分分析结果没有检测到如铅、汞等重金属，也没有检测到任何抗生素，符合农林畜产食品部告示的“饲料等的标准以及规格”。
2.猪血2次发酵物的制造
将在上述制造例1中培养30天而获得的猪血发酵物(pH 4.0)的浓缩液(固态成分含量为30brix)与米糠粉末和大豆粕粉末的相同重量比(1:1)的混合物按照1:1的重量比例进行混合(将猪血发酵物与上述混合物以1:1的重量比进行混合)，接下来在30℃左右的温度下进行7天的培养之后利用真空干燥器进行干燥，从而制造出猪血2次发酵物。
3.简易水槽试验
3.1试验方法
3.1.1饲养方法
作为试验鱼类使用了牙鲆，而作为饲料使用了猪血1次发酵物(液态，20brix)。在试验过程中，根据在组合饲料中添加的猪血1次发酵物的含量分为0％(作为未处理组仅供应组合饲料，对照组)、1％、2％、3％(w/w)处理组，在流水式圆形水槽(90L)中进行饲养。
开始试验时的牙鲆的体长以及体重分别为17.8±0.2cm、38.9±1.1g，在各个水槽中投入各30条之后在开始试验之前的一周之内仅供应饲料，从而在完成驯化之后开始试验。
在试验期间内，每天喂食2次(上午09:00和下午17:00)组合饲料，猪血1次发酵物是以与组合饲料混合的方式进行喂食。
在试验期间内，利用溶解氧测定仪(Dissolved oxygen meter，YSI-85)每天对其水温以及溶解氧进行测定。
3.1.2促生长程度、饲料效率等的测定
在开始试验之后每4周对试验鱼类的体长以及体重进行测定并对饲料供应量以及饲料摄入量进行测定，然后按照如下所述的公示计算出体重增加量(total weight gain)、饲料系数(feed coefficient)以及饲料转换效率(food conversion rate)。
-体重增加量＝开始时的总体重－结束时的总体重
-饲料系数＝饲料供应量÷体重增加量
-饲料转换效率＝{(试验结束时的平均体重)－(实验开始时的平均体重)}÷(饲料摄入量)×100
所测定到的体长以及体重是通过执行单因素方差分析(ONE-WAY ANOVA)而在5％水准下对其显著性进行验证，从而对均值之间的显著性差异进行了分析。
3.2试验结果
3.2.1饲养环境以及生存率
试验期间内的饲养水温范围为16.0～24.7℃(平均水温为21.1±0.1℃)、溶解氧范围为4.5～7.7mg/L(平均溶解氧为6.3±0.4mg/L)。在饲养期间内各个试验组均没有死亡对象。
3.2.1生长程度
①体重的变化
在试验开始时的平均体重分别为对照组39.2±0.9g、1％试验组38.8±1.1g、2％试验组38.2±1.3g、3％试验组39.5±1.1g。第4周分别为对照组70.2±3.8g、1％试验组76.2±3.6g、2％试验组80.4±4.8g、3％试验组87.1±3.7g。在第4周，试验组中的3％处理组的牙鲆生长明显较高。第8周分别为对照组114.3±7.0g、1％试验组127.9±4.8g、2％试验组134.9±8.0g、3％试验组135.4±6.5g。在第8周，试验组中的2％以及3％呈现出了明显较高的结果(P＞0.05)。相关结果如图1所示。
②体长的变化
在试验开始时的平均体长分别为对照组17.8±0.2cm、1％试验组17.7±0.2cm、2％试验组17.8±0.2cm、3％试验组17.7±0.2cm。第4周的平均体长分别为对照组19.7±0.3cm、1％试验组20.2±0.3cm、2％试验组20.6±0.3cm、3％试验组20.9±0.3cm。第4周的体长生长效果，试验组中的2％、3％明显较高。第8周的平均体长分别为对照组22.4±0.5cm、1％试验组23.6±0.3cm、2％试验组23.7±0.4cm、3％试验组23.8±0.3cm。在第8周，所有试验组明显高于对照组(P＞0.05)。相关结果如图2所示。
③饲料效率
饲料摄入量的平均值分别为对照组2108.8g、1％试验组2093.7g、2％试验组2272.5g、3％试验组2279.4g，试验组中的2％以及3％的摄入量呈现出了略高的倾向。
饲料转换效率分别为对照组3.6％、1％试验组4.3％、2％试验组4.3％、3％试验组4.2％。饲料转换效率在所有组中均呈现出了较高的倾向。
于饲料转换效率相关的结果如下述表1所示。
【表1】
| 分类 | 对照组 | A-1％ | B-2％ | C-3％ |
| 饲料摄取量(g) | 2108.8 | 2093.7 | 2272.5 | 2279.4 |
| 饲料转换效率 | 3.6 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.2 |
4.现场适用试验
4.1试验方法
4.1.1饲养方法以及水质环境
现场适用试验是在HAEYEON渔业合作法人(位于济州岛济州市旧左邑)养殖场执行。
作为饲料使用了猪血2次发酵物。
对照组喂食了没有添加猪血2次发酵物的一般组合饲料，而试验组喂食了添加4％(w/w)猪血2次发酵物的组合饲料。在对照组和试验组中使用了相同的其他饲料添加剂、药品等。
作为试验鱼类，将8万条牙鲆鱼苗(8～10cm)平均分成对照组4万条以及处理组4万条进行使用。
作为试验水槽，在处理组中使用5个并在对照组中使用5个10m×10m的水槽。
试验期间为3个月，组合饲料的喂食量为每个月2吨共计6吨(对照组3吨、试验组3吨)。
供应至试验养殖场的海水为全年水温、盐分、pH等水质呈现出稳定特性的地下海水，在试验期间内对现场水质进行测定的结果为水温16.5±1.0℃、盐分32±1.0psu、溶解氧(DO)9.23±1.25mg/L、pH 8.02±0.24。
此外，在试验期间内对试验养殖场的水质检查结果的平均值如下述表2所示。
【表2】
通过上述表2可以判定，在大部分项目中原水、对照组以及处理组内的水质特性没有发生变化。虽然在处理组中总细菌数量与对照组相比增加到了约2倍左右的程度，但是在3个月内的所有试验组的总细菌数量维持在30cfu/ml以下。
4.1.2促生长程度、饲料效率等的测定
将牙鲆分为试验组和对照组并分别投入4万条进行喂养，在最初开始试验时以没有明显的组间生长差异的方式进行分组。对牙鲆进行共计12周的饲养，而为了对体生长变化进行调查，分别在试验开始时、试验第2周、第4周、第6周、第8周、第10周以及第12周对体长(total length)以及体重(body weight)进行共计8次测定。测定时是在各个组中随机选择100条进行测定。
所测定到的牙鲆的体长以及体重是利用统计处理程序即统计产品与服务解决方案(SPSS)21.0通过独立标本T检验(t-test)分析的方式对其显著性差异(P＜0.05)进行分析。
此外，利用如下所述的公示计算出牙鲆的生长率、饲料系数以及饲料效率。
-生长率＝(结束时的鱼体重－开始时的鱼体重)÷开始时的鱼体重×100(％)
-饲料效率＝总喂食量÷(结束时的鱼体重－开始时的鱼体重)
-饲料系数＝10÷(饲料效率×10)×100(％)
4.2试验结果
4.2.1体重的变化
在试验开始时的试验组的体重(body weight)为10.09±0.12g而对照组为10.06±0.17g，没有组间的显著性差异。从试验第8周开始，试验组52.05±0.82g与对照组46.85±0.93g之间呈现出了显著性差异，试验组与对照组相比呈现出了高11.10％的体重增加率。在第10周时，试验组以及对照组分别为68.10±0.95g以及60.95±0.92g，试验组的体重增加率高11.73％，而在试验结果时，试验组以及对照组分别为78.02±0.91g以及70.35±1.04g，试验组的体重增加率高10.82％。相关结果如图3所示。
4.2.2体长的变化
试验开始时的试验区的总体长(total length)为9.36±0.15cm而对照组的总体长为9.39±0.12cm，没有组间的显著性差异。在试验结果时，试验组以及对照组的总体长分别为19.49±0.36cm以及18.64±0.36cm，没有组间的显著性差异，但是试验组的总体长呈现出了大于对照组的倾向。相关结果如图3所示。
4.2.3生长率、饲料系数以及饲料效率
对试验结束时的试验组以及对照组的生长率(growth rate)、饲料系数(feedcoefficient)以及饲料效率(feed efficient)进行调查的结果显示，试验组的生长率563.11％大于对照组的生长率499.40％，而试验组的饲料系数2.36低于对照组的饲料系数2.67。试验组的饲料效率42.29％大于对照组的饲料效率37.41％。相关结果如下述表3所示。
【表3】
| 分类 | 生长率(％) | 饲料系数 | 饲料效率 |
| 试验组 | 563.11 | 2.36 | 42.29 |
| 对照组 | 499.40 | 2.67 | 37.41 |
Claims (8)
1.一种养殖鱼类饲料组合物，其特征在于：
包括通过向猪血接种约氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus johnsonii)和酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)的混合菌株并进行培养而获得的发酵物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的组合物，其特征在于：
上述发酵物为培养原液本身的形态、对上述培养原液进行浓缩的液状形态、对上述培养原液进行浓缩的粉末状形态、或利用水或有机溶剂对上述培养原液或其浓缩物进行提取的提取物形态。
3.根据权利要求1所述的组合物，其特征在于：
上述猪血中添加有血液抗凝剂并蛋白水解酶，上述混合菌株是被接种到如上所述的添加血液抗凝剂并添加蛋白水解酶的猪血中。
4.根据权利要求3所述的组合物，其特征在于：
向上述添加蛋白水解酶的猪血添加5至7重量％的碳源，
上述培养是在30℃至50℃的范围内执行。
5.根据权利要求1所述的组合物，其特征在于：
上述发酵物是通过向上述发酵物添加米糠、大豆粕或上述之混合物之后放置的方式进行追加发酵而获得的发酵物。
6.根据权利要求5所述的组合物，其特征在于：
上述发酵物是向上述发酵物投入米糠与大豆粕的混合物，而添加时的混合比为以上述发酵物100重量份为基准添加25至75重量份的米糠以及25至75重量份的大豆粕。
7.根据权利要求1至权利要求6中的任一项所述的组合物，其特征在于：
上述组合物具有促进养殖鱼类的生长的用途。
8.一种养殖鱼类的促生长方法，其特征在于，包括：
向养殖鱼类喂食根据权利要求6所述的组合物的步骤。
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