CN112121076A - 一种甘菊精油及其应用 - Google Patents
一种甘菊精油及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种甘菊精油，包括甘菊的花的成分。本发明还公开了一种精油，包括本发明所述的甘菊精油。本发明还公开了甘菊精油在消肿止痛、消炎、解热、镇痛、平喘、促进伤口愈合、缓解焦虑和促进睡眠中的应用，应用效果明显。本发明的甘菊精油对软腐果胶杆菌具有良好的杀灭和抑制作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种精油，特别是涉及一种甘菊精油及其应用。
背景技术
甘菊(Chrysanthemum lavandulifolium)是菊科菊属的野生草本植物，高可达5米，有地下匍匐茎。甘菊生长在海拔630-2800米山坡、岩石上、河谷、河岸、荒地及黄土丘陵地。在中国分布广泛，其花入药，具有平肝疏肺、清热祛风等功效。至今未见有关于甘菊的花作为精油的报道。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种甘菊精油及其应用。
一种甘菊精油，包括甘菊的花的成分。
一种精油，包括本发明所述的甘菊精油。
本发明所述的精油，其中，所述精油包括甘菊精油、薄荷精油或罗马洋甘菊精油、薰衣草精油和基础油。
本发明所述的精油，其中，所述精油包括甘菊精油、薄荷精油、薰衣草精油和基础油；所述甘菊精油、薄荷精油和薰衣草精油的体积比为3：1：1。
本发明所述的精油，其中，所述精油包括甘菊精油、罗马洋甘菊精油、薰衣草精油和基础油；所述甘菊精油、罗马洋甘菊精油和薰衣草精油的体积比为3：2：1。
本发明所述的精油，其中，所述甘菊精油的浓度为3％；所述基础油为葡萄籽油，甜杏仁油或橄榄油。
本发明所述的甘菊精油在消肿止痛、消炎、解热、镇痛、平喘、促进伤口愈合、缓解焦虑和促进睡眠中的应用。
本发明所述的甘菊精油在植物软腐病中的应用，能够抑制或杀灭软腐果胶杆菌属的菌株的活性。
本发明所述的应用，其中，所述软腐果胶杆菌属的菌株为胡萝卜软腐果胶杆菌。
本发明所述的甘菊精油的制备方法，包括如下步骤：将3千克甘菊的花加入蒸馏锅中，加6升水，采用电陶炉加热，2000瓦加热至沸腾，后调至1200瓦，打开冷凝水，蒸馏2小时，获得3毫升精油；精油提取率为1/1000。
本发明甘菊精油与现有技术不同之处在于：
甘菊花精油富含萜烯类芳香物质，具有良好的杀菌、消炎等功能；甘菊精油对软腐果胶杆菌具有很强的杀灭和抑制作用，能减轻或消灭由此带来的植物病害，减轻农业经济损失；取甘菊花提取精油有利于甘菊的开发利用，实现产业转化后将助力太行山地区的特色产业发展，带动农民增收致富。
下面结合附图对本发明的甘菊精油及其应用作进一步说明。
附图说明
图1为本发明甘菊精油抑菌效果验证图，其中，A.甘菊精油处理；B.CK对照；
图2为本发明甘菊精油杀菌效果验证图，其中，A1～A3，甘菊精油处理组；A4，CK。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种甘菊精油，包括甘菊的花的成分。
具体制备方法包括如下步骤：将3千克甘菊的花加入蒸馏锅中，加6升水，采用电陶炉加热，2000瓦加热至沸腾，后调至1200瓦，打开冷凝水，蒸馏2小时，获得3毫升精油；精油提取率(精油重量/花重量)为1/1000。
精油主要成分及其相对含量：见表1。
功能：杀灭蔬果园艺作物细菌性软腐病病原菌等；植物细菌性软腐病是世界性重要病害之一，其中软腐果胶杆菌属(Pectobacterium)是肠杆菌科重要的属之一，这个属包含许多植物病原细菌，能引起寄主植物产生严重的软腐病，寄主范围十分广泛，包括农作物，水果，蔬菜，观赏植物等，症状多表现为腐烂，枯萎，黑茎等，该病害给农业经济带来严重的损失。这类致病菌中部分菌株应用生产中常用的杀菌剂效果十分有限，难以抑制其对园艺作物的侵染，经试验验证，甘菊精油对软腐果胶杆菌具有很强的杀灭和抑制作用。
表1.甘菊精油主要成分及其相对含量
甘菊精油功能验证实验：
为验证甘菊精油对软腐果胶杆菌的抑菌和杀菌效果，我们选取了其中最难抑制(市面上的杀菌剂很难杀灭)的胡萝卜软腐果胶杆菌作为实验材料。
本实验选用胡萝卜软腐果胶杆菌Pcb标准菌株BC1，1×108CFU/ml菌液均匀涂布于无抗生素的LB平板上，在其上挖出直径1cm的小孔，取100μl精油原液加至圆孔中，以圆孔无精油的培养皿作为对照，28℃培养24h。
1、精油抑菌效果
如图1所示，28℃、24h培养后的菌落生长状况如下。甘菊精油处理组均出现明显抑菌带，对照组无抑菌带，说明精油对胡萝卜软腐果胶杆菌的生长有一定的抑制作用。
甘菊精油抑菌带宽度为：4.25mm、3.75mm、4.50mm，平均4.17±0.52mm。甘菊精油的抑菌带极显著。
2、精油杀菌效果
如图2所示，分别划取处理组抑菌带区域和非抑菌带区域的培养基(CK)，在新培养基上进行划线28℃培养24h。发现从抑菌带区域选取的培养基在新培养基培养后，仅有极少甚至没有菌落长出。而从非抑菌带区域选取的培养基，在新培养基上划线培养后，细菌能正常生长并形成菌落。说明在精油发挥作用的区域中，大部分细菌被杀死或生长活性受到影响。
本发明实验结果证明甘菊精油对软腐果胶杆菌中最难杀灭的胡萝卜软腐果胶杆菌具有很好的抑菌和杀菌作用，除此之外，研究还对软腐果胶杆菌属的其他菌株也进行了类似的验证试验，结果发现甘油精油对软腐果胶杆菌均具有良好的杀灭和抑制作用。
研究发现，甘菊精油还具有消肿止痛、消炎、解热、镇痛、平喘、促进伤口愈合、缓解焦虑和促进睡眠的效果。
以上所述的实施例仅仅是对本发明的优选实施方式进行描述，并非对本发明的范围进行限定，在不脱离本发明设计精神的前提下，本领域普通技术人员对本发明的技术方案作出的各种变形和改进，均应落入本发明权利要求书确定的保护范围内。
Claims (10)
1.一种甘菊精油，其特征在于：包括甘菊的花的成分。
2.一种精油，其特征在于：包括权利要求1所述的甘菊精油。
3.根据权利要求2所述的精油，其特征在于：所述精油包括甘菊精油、薄荷精油或罗马洋甘菊精油、薰衣草精油和基础油。
4.根据权利要求3所述的精油，其特征在于：所述精油包括甘菊精油、薄荷精油、薰衣草精油和基础油；所述甘菊精油、薄荷精油和薰衣草精油的体积比为3：1：1。
5.根据权利要求3所述的精油，其特征在于：所述精油包括甘菊精油、罗马洋甘菊精油、薰衣草精油和基础油；所述甘菊精油、罗马洋甘菊精油和薰衣草精油的体积比为3：2：1。
6.根据权利要求3所述的精油，其特征在于：所述甘菊精油的浓度为3％；所述基础油为葡萄籽油，甜杏仁油或橄榄油。
7.权利要求1所述的甘菊精油在消肿止痛、消炎、解热、镇痛、平喘、促进伤口愈合、缓解焦虑和促进睡眠中的应用。
8.权利要求1所述的甘菊精油在植物软腐病中的应用，能够抑制或杀灭软腐果胶杆菌属的菌株的活性。
9.根据权利要求8所述的应用，其特征在于：所述软腐果胶杆菌属的菌株为胡萝卜软腐果胶杆菌。
10.权利要求1所述的甘菊精油的制备方法，其特征在于：包括如下步骤：将3千克甘菊的花加入蒸馏锅中，加6升水，采用电陶炉加热，2000瓦加热至沸腾，后调至1200瓦，打开冷凝水，蒸馏2小时，获得3毫升精油；精油提取率为1/1000。
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