CN112093817A - 一种氧化亚铜树枝状晶体的制备方法 - Google Patents
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- KRFJLUBVMFXRPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cuprous oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Cu+].[Cu+] KRFJLUBVMFXRPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种氧化亚铜树枝状晶体的制备方法,将铜盐加入到去离子水中溶解,再往铜盐溶液中加入N,N‑二甲基甲酰胺,羧酸衍生物,将混合溶液转移至聚四氟乙烯内胆中,将内胆盖好并转入高压釜中,缓慢升温至140℃保持24h;待反应结束后,关闭加热缓慢降至室温,产物分别用无水乙醇、去离子水洗涤3‑5遍,60‑80℃烘干,即得到树枝状氧化亚铜。该方法用羧酸衍生物作为铜离子还原剂,只需一锅溶剂热法得到树枝状氧化亚铜。树枝状氧化亚铜主干与分支方向彼此垂直,仔细观察,能发现分支结构是由多个不同指数的晶面构成,具有较大的表面积,对有机染料有一定的降解效果,并且制备工艺简单,重复性好。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及氧化亚铜,具体是一种氧化亚铜树枝状晶体的制备方法。
背景技术
氧化亚铜是一种P型半导体,具有独特的光学,光电和催化性能,在太阳能装换、磁存储装置、催化剂等领域有着广泛的应用。
枝状晶体的尺寸、形态以及分布特点等对材料性能和实际应用都产生了重要的影响,前人的研究发现具有枝状形貌的金属及金属化合物材料表现出了独特的物理化学性能,在催化 传感材料、纳米级装置等方面具有广泛的用途,文献报道的树枝状氧化亚铜大多是电沉积法制备的(如图5所示),制备需要特定的电化学设备,所制备的氧化亚铜树枝状晶体大都长在电极基底上。容易造成团聚,产出量少等问题。
发明内容
本发明为氧化亚铜树枝状晶体的制备提供了一种操作简单,无需添加任何表面活性剂,成本低,产出量较高的简便方法,可重复性好。该方法以羧酸衍生物作为铜离子还原剂,采用溶剂热法,缓慢升温至140℃保持24h,成功制备出树枝状氧化亚铜。
本发明一种氧化亚铜树枝状晶体的制备方法,按照下述步骤进行:
将2-3mmol铜盐加入到6-14ml去离子水中溶解,再往铜盐溶液中加入4-8ml N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,1mmol羧酸衍生物,将混合溶液转移至聚四氟乙烯内胆中,将内胆盖好并转入高压釜中,缓慢升温至140℃保持24h;
待反应结束后,关闭加热缓慢降至室温,产物分别用无水乙醇、去离子水洗涤3-5遍,60-80℃烘干,即得到树枝状氧化亚铜。
作为优选,所述铜盐为乙酸铜。
作为优选,所述羧酸衍生物为草酸钾,醋酸钠,醋酸钾中的一种。
作为优选,所述反应条件为加热升温属于缓慢升温至140℃,降温是属于缓慢降温。
本发明还提供了用上述方法制备的氧化亚铜树枝状晶体在制备降解有机染料的光催化剂中的应用。
实验表明,用上述方法制备的氧化亚铜树枝状晶体对有机染料光催化降解有一定促进作用,在光照210min内可以使得亚甲基蓝原本只有60%的降解率,提升达到80%。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
N,N-二甲基甲酰胺既做溶剂也做还原剂,减小了传统制备方法中,溶剂与还原剂配比的合理调控难度,更简单制得纯的氧化亚铜相。提供了一种氧化亚铜树枝状晶体溶剂热制备方法,无需添加任何表面活性剂,操作简单,成本低,对设备要求不高。
附图说明
图1为实施例1、2、3、4所得产物的XRD图。
图2为对比例1所得产物的XRD图。
图3为实施例1、2、3、4所得产物的SEM图(分别对应图中a、b、c、d部分)。
图4为对比例1所得产物的SEM图。
图5为电沉积法所得氧化亚铜树枝状产物的SEM图。
图6为本发明实施例制备的氧化亚铜催化亚甲基蓝降解率对比图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例和附图对本发明技术方案作进一步的详细说明,但不是对本发明技术方案的限定。
实施例1
将3mmol乙酸铜加入到6ml去离子水中溶解,再往乙酸铜溶液加入6ml N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,1mmol草酸钾,待乙酸铜溶解后将混合溶液转移至聚四氟乙烯内胆中,将内胆盖好并转入高压釜中,缓慢升温至140℃保持24h;待反应结束后,关闭加热缓慢降至室温,产物分别用无水乙醇、去离子水洗涤3-5遍,60-80℃烘干,即得到树枝状氧化亚铜,其XRD如图1所示,SEM图如图3a所示。
对比例1
将3mmol乙酸铜加入到6ml去离子水中溶解,再往乙酸铜溶液加入6ml N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,1mmol抗坏血酸,待乙酸铜溶解后将混合溶液转移至聚四氟乙烯内胆中,将内胆盖好并转入高压釜中,缓慢升温至140℃保持24h;待反应结束后,关闭加热缓慢降至室温,产物分别用无水乙醇、去离子水洗涤3-5遍,60-80℃烘干,即得到树枝状氧化亚铜,其XRD如图2所示,SEM图如图4所示。
实施例2
将2mmol乙酸铜加入到6ml去离子水中溶解,再往乙酸铜溶液加入6ml N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,1mmol抗坏血酸,待乙酸铜溶解后将混合溶液转移至聚四氟乙烯内胆中,将内胆盖好并转入高压釜中,缓慢升温至140℃保持24h;待反应结束后,关闭加热缓慢降至室温,产物分别用无水乙醇、去离子水洗涤3-5遍,60-80℃烘干,即得到树枝状氧化亚铜,其XRD如图1所示,SEM图如图3 b所示。
实施例3
将2mmol乙酸铜加入到14ml去离子水中溶解,再往乙酸铜溶液加入6ml N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,1mmol醋酸钾,待乙酸铜溶解后将混合溶液转移至聚四氟乙烯内胆中,将内胆盖好并转入高压釜中,缓慢升温至140℃保持24h;待反应结束后,关闭加热缓慢降至室温,产物分别用无水乙醇、去离子水洗涤3-5遍,60-80℃烘干,即得到树枝状氧化亚铜,其XRD如图1所示,SEM图如图3c所示。
实施例4
将3mmol乙酸铜加入到10ml去离子水中溶解,再往乙酸铜溶液加入6ml N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,1mmol醋酸钾,待乙酸铜溶解后将混合溶液转移至聚四氟乙烯内胆中,将内胆盖好并转入高压釜中,缓慢升温至140℃保持24h;待反应结束后,关闭加热缓慢降至室温,产物分别用无水乙醇、去离子水洗涤3-5遍,60-80℃烘干,即得到树枝状氧化亚铜,其XRD如图1所示,SEM图如图3 d所示。
用X 射线衍射仪( XRD)对产物的物质结构进行表征,如图1所示,所有实施例制备的氧化亚铜树枝状晶体,其XRD图与X射线衍射数据库中JCPDS05–0667号卡片的衍射图谱一致,表明实验所得产物均为Cu2O晶体,晶体属于等轴晶系,空间群为(225),晶胞参数a0=0.4269 nm,α=β=γ=90°。
用扫描电子显微镜( SEM) 观察产物的形貌,如图3所示,树枝状氧化亚铜主干沿着[100]晶向生长,分支着[011] 晶向生长,主干与分支方向彼此垂直,仔细观察,能发现分支结构是由多个不同指数的晶面构成,同侧的侧枝之间彼此平行排列,构成二维结构。
树枝状氧化亚铜按其优先生长的方向平行排列连接成柱状晶粒,随着晶粒的长大,溶质过饱和度降低,结晶质扩散作用变弱,两晶体间的结晶质运移到晶体柱面上生长会越来越困难,这时,两柱状晶体间的结晶质会重新聚集形成另一柱状晶。CH3COO-在含水溶液加热条件下可以发生氧化—还原反应,起到还原剂的作用,有助于Cu2O晶体的成核-生长-再生长过程,并且羧基也很容易与Cu2+配位,形成聚合物链与Cu2+缔合,从而促进树枝状氧化亚铜的形成。
氧化亚铜树枝状晶体的光催化性能:
将0.01g样品分散到浓度为10mg/L的100mL亚甲基蓝溶液中,然后用300w的氙灯照射210min,光照距离是25cm。每隔30分钟取4ml样,离心,使用紫外-可见光谱仪测量MB溶液在664nm左右的吸收度。结果如图6所示,在光照210min内可以使得亚甲基蓝原本只有60%的降解率,提升达到80%。
Claims (6)
1.一种氧化亚铜树枝状晶体的制备方法,其特征在于,具体步骤如下:
将铜盐加入到去离子水中溶解,再往铜盐溶液中加入N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,羧酸衍生物,将混合溶液转移至聚四氟乙烯内胆中,将内胆盖好并转入高压釜中,缓慢升温至140℃保持24h;
待反应结束后,关闭加热缓慢降至室温,产物分别用无水乙醇、去离子水洗涤3-5遍,60-80℃烘干,即得到树枝状氧化亚铜。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种氧化亚铜树枝状晶体的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的铜盐为乙酸铜。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种氧化亚铜树枝状晶体的制备方法,其特征在于:所述羧酸衍生物是草酸钾,醋酸钠,乙酸乙酯中的一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种氧化亚铜树枝状晶体的制备方法,其特征在于:所述原料用量为:铜盐2-3mmol、去离子水6-14ml、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺4-8ml、羧酸衍生物1mmol。
6.根据权利要求1-4任一项所述制备方法制得氧化亚铜树枝状晶体在制备降解有机染料的光催化剂中应用。
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