CN112089694A - 一种阿莫西林可溶性粉及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种阿莫西林可溶性粉及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN112089694A
CN112089694A CN202011216506.8A CN202011216506A CN112089694A CN 112089694 A CN112089694 A CN 112089694A CN 202011216506 A CN202011216506 A CN 202011216506A CN 112089694 A CN112089694 A CN 112089694A
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熊玲玲
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种阿莫西林可溶性粉及其制备方法,各原料的质量百分比为:阿莫西林10%〜40%,固体分散体载体5%‑25%,抗氧化剂0.5%〜5%,其余为稀释剂;制备时,包括称量、溶解、冷冻干燥和混匀等步骤;本发明的兽用阿莫西林可溶性粉具有稳定性好、水溶性好的优异性能;在畜禽的养殖中得到充分利用,不受水温、酸碱度的影响,吸收迅速,可提高生物利用度;本发明制备方法简单,操作方便,适合大规模生产。

Description

一种阿莫西林可溶性粉及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及兽药制剂技术领域,具体是一种阿莫西林可溶性粉及其制备方法。
背景技术
阿莫西林(amoxicillin),又名羟氨苄青霉素,是一种最常用的半合成的β-内酰胺类抗生素,由于其分子内的β-内酰胺环不稳定,易受亲核、亲电试剂的攻击,在酸、碱、某些金属离子及氧化剂的作用下,可使β-内酰胺打开,发生分子的重排。
阿莫西林杀菌作用强,穿透细胞壁的能力也强。口服药物后,分子中的内酰胺基立即水解成肽键,迅速和菌体内的转肽酶结合使之失活,切断了菌体依靠转肽酶合成糖肽来建造细胞壁的唯一途径,使细菌细胞迅速成为球形体而破裂溶解,菌体最终因细胞壁损失,水份不断渗透而胀裂死亡。
阿莫西林目前主要用于治疗禽的大肠杆菌病、沙门氏菌病、巴氏杆菌病及葡萄球菌等疾病。阿莫西林对猪葡萄球菌和猪副嗜血杆菌也有一定的杀灭作用,对于治疗母猪或仔猪由多杀性巴氏杆菌和猪链球菌引起的早期感染效果显著。现代化规模猪场,在预防疾病方面,不仅需要疫苗的免疫,还需要药物的保健和治疗来减少疾病的发生,提高猪场的生产水平及经济效益。药物保健主要是控制细菌性疾病、立克氏体和寄生虫等疾病的有效手段,猪的药物保健中最常用的是抗生素,它对猪场疾病的预防、控制和经济效益的提高有重要作用。
临床应用阿莫西林时,通常为饮水给药。但使用加药器时,需要使药物达到临床用量的50倍溶解,才能更好、更方便地给药。现有阿莫西林原料鸡产品达不到加药器给药的条件,不得已使用时反而会堵塞饮水器,影响药物的使用和药效的发挥。研制出一种水溶性好、在水中稳定、溶出率高且制备工艺简单的阿莫西林制剂,逐渐成为现在研究的热点问题。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明提供了一种稳定性好、水溶性好的兽用阿莫西林可溶性粉。
为实现上述目的,本发明是通过以下技术方案来实现的:
本发明的一种阿莫西林可溶性粉,各原料的质量百分比为:阿莫西林10%〜40%,固体分散体载体5%-25%,抗氧化剂0.5%〜5%,其余为稀释剂。
优选地,本发明中所述固体分散体载体为聚乙二醇4000、聚乙二醇6000、聚乙二醇8000、泊洛沙姆、聚维酮K30中的一种或两种的混合物。
优选地,本发明中所述抗氧化剂为亚硫酸钠、乙二胺四乙酸二钠、磷酸二氢钠、焦亚硫酸钠的一种或几种混合物。
优选地,本发明中所述稀释剂为无水葡萄糖、食用级葡萄糖、乳糖、甘露醇、糊精和可溶性淀粉的一种或几种混合物。
本发明还提供了一种阿莫西林可溶性粉的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)按质量百分比称取阿莫西林、固体分散体载体、抗氧化剂和稀释剂;
(2)将固体分散体载体熔融,融化后将阿莫西林迅速倒入其中溶解;
(3)将步骤(2)中得到的液体冷冻干燥,得到粉末;
(4)将步骤(3)得到的粉末按重量百分比继续添加抗氧化剂和稀释剂,混合均匀,即得阿莫西林可溶性粉。
本发明的有益效果和优点在于:
(1)本发明的兽用阿莫西林可溶性粉具有稳定性好、水溶性好的优异性能。
(2)本发明的兽用阿莫西林可溶性粉使阿莫西林在畜禽的养殖中得到充分利用,不受水温、酸碱度的影响,吸收迅速,可提高生物利用度。
(3)本发明的制备方法简单,操作方便,适合大规模生产。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明做进一步的说明,但本发明的保护内容不局限于以下实施例。
实施例1
本实施例的一种阿莫西林可溶性粉,处方如下:阿莫西林(以干品计)10kg,泊洛沙姆188称取10kg,聚维酮K30称取5kg,焦亚硫酸钠1kg,无水葡萄糖74kg。
称取处方量的泊洛沙姆188和聚维酮K30熔融;加入阿莫西林,迅速搅拌,溶解后冷冻干燥;冷冻干燥得到的粉末,加入处方比例的焦亚硫酸钠和无水葡萄糖,混合均匀即得。
实施例2
本实施例的一种阿莫西林可溶性粉,阿莫西林(以干品计)30kg,聚乙二醇6000称取20kg,聚维酮K30称取5kg,亚硫酸钠1kg,甘露醇44kg。
称取处方量的聚乙二醇6000和聚维酮K30熔融;加入阿莫西林,迅速搅拌,溶解后冷冻干燥;冷冻干燥得到的粉末,加入处方比例的亚硫酸钠和甘露醇,混合均匀即得。
实施例3
检测实施例1-2制备的阿莫西林可溶性粉在自来水中的溶解性。将实施例1-2制备的阿莫西林可溶性粉和市售某公司阿莫西林制剂分别临床用量50倍溶水试验。将本发明实施例1所述的阿莫西林可溶性粉以及市售某公司的10%阿莫西林可溶性粉1L水中,将本发明实施例2所述的阿莫西林可溶性粉以及市售某公司的30%阿莫西林可溶性粉、阿莫西林原料称取3g至1L水中搅拌并溶解记录时间,试验结果如表1。
表1 阿莫西林50倍溶水速率(min)
Figure 104702DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
实施例4
检测实施例1-2制备的阿莫西林可溶性粉在自来水中的稳定性。将本发明实施例1-2制备的阿莫西林可溶性粉以及市售某公司阿莫西林制剂、阿莫西林原料分别溶于自来水中,药物浓度为每升水中含阿莫西林60mg。将各组放置在室温下,分布在0h、1h、2h、3h、4h、5h、6h进行含量检测,按照《中国兽药典》2015年版阿莫西林可溶性粉的含量测定方法测定,计算1-6小时的各时间点降解率,与0小时对比。实验结果见表2。
表2 阿莫西林在自来水中的稳定性降解率(%)
Figure 21843DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
从表1和表2数据得出,采用本发明发放制备的阿莫西林可溶性粉在6h自来水中稳定性和50倍临床用量溶于水的速率均由于阿莫西林原料和市售阿莫西林可溶性粉。

Claims (5)

1.一种阿莫西林可溶性粉,其特征在于各原料的质量百分比为:阿莫西林10%〜40%,固体分散体载体5%-25%,抗氧化剂0.5%〜5%,其余为稀释剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种阿莫西林可溶性粉,其特征在于:所述固体分散体载体为聚乙二醇4000、聚乙二醇6000、聚乙二醇8000、泊洛沙姆、聚维酮K30中的一种或两种的混合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种阿莫西林可溶性粉,其特征在于:所述抗氧化剂为亚硫酸钠、乙二胺四乙酸二钠、磷酸二氢钠、焦亚硫酸钠的一种或几种混合物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种阿莫西林可溶性粉,其特征在于:所述稀释剂为无水葡萄糖、食用级葡萄糖、乳糖、甘露醇、糊精和可溶性淀粉的一种或几种混合物。
5.如权利要求1-4中任一项所述的一种阿莫西林可溶性粉的制备方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
(1)按质量百分比称取阿莫西林、固体分散体载体、抗氧化剂和稀释剂;
(2)将固体分散体载体熔融,融化后将阿莫西林迅速倒入其中溶解;
(3)将步骤(2)中得到的液体冷冻干燥,得到粉末;
(4)将步骤(3)得到的粉末按重量百分比继续添加抗氧化剂和稀释剂,混合均匀,即得阿莫西林可溶性粉。
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Application publication date: 20201218