CN112076238A - 牛蒡萃取物的用途 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种牛蒡萃取物的用途，用以制备治疗良性摄护腺肥大症的药物；其中，该牛蒡萃取物由萃取溶剂萃取牛蒡样品所获得，该萃取溶剂为水或乙醇水溶液。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种牛蒡萃取物的用途，尤其涉及一种牛蒡萃取物用以制备治疗良性摄护腺肥大症的药物的用途。
背景技术
良性摄护腺肥大症(benigh prostatic hyperplasia，简称BPH)又称为摄护腺肥大症，为中老年男性的常见疾病，其症状可能包含频尿 (frequent urination)、排尿困难(trouble starting to urinate)、流量不足(weak stream)、无法排尿(inability tourinate)或膀胱失控(loss of bladder control)，甚至会导致尿道感染(urinary tractinfection)、膀胱结石(bladder stones)及慢性肾脏问题(chronic kidney problem)等并发症(complication)。
一般的治疗方案包含生活方式的改变、药物治疗或是手术，对于症状轻微的患者，仅需要减肥、运动及减少摄取咖啡因等生活方式的改变即可，对于症状较为严重的患者，则可以使用阿呋唑嗪(alfuzosin)及多沙唑嗪(doxazosin)等α受体阻断剂(αblocker)来放松前列腺及膀胱颈的平滑肌，从而减少尿流的阻塞，或者使用非那雄胺(finasteride) 及度他雄胺(dutasteride)等5α还原酶抑制剂(5αreductase inhibitor) 来抑制双氢睪酮(dihydrotestosterone，简称DHT)的作用，缩小肥大的摄护腺，然而，前述药物都可能造成性欲减退(decreased libido)、射精或勃起功能障碍(ejaculatory or erectiledysfunction)等副作用。
此外，来自锯叶棕榈(Serenoa repens)及非洲刺李(Prunus africana) 等的植物萃取物均被认为对摄护腺保健具有疗效，前述植物萃取物虽然较不容易产生副作用，惟锯叶棕榈及非洲刺李仅产于非洲或大西洋、加勒比海沿岸，植物原料难以取得，而使得价格水涨船高，有鉴于此，仍有必要提供一种牛蒡萃取物用以制备治疗良性摄护腺肥大症的药物的用途。
发明内容
为解决上述问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种牛蒡萃取物的用途，用以制备治疗良性摄护腺肥大症的药物。
本发明的一目的在于提供一种牛蒡萃取物的用途，萃取自容易取得的植物样品。
本发明的牛蒡萃取物的用途，用以制备治疗良性摄护腺肥大症的药物；其中，该牛蒡萃取物由萃取溶剂萃取牛蒡样品所获得，该萃取溶剂为水或乙醇水溶液。
据此，本发明的牛蒡萃取物的用途，可以通过该牛蒡萃取物所含有的活性成分，使良性摄护腺肥大症个体的摄护腺减小，因而能够应用于制备治疗良性摄护腺肥大症的药物。并且，本发明的牛蒡萃取物萃取自中国台湾即可以取得的牛蒡样品，使消费者能够以平易近人的价格即能够购买获得具有良好疗效的牛蒡萃取物，为本发明的效果。
本发明的牛蒡萃取物的用途，其中，该牛蒡萃取物由乙醇浓度为 80～98％的乙醇水溶液作为该萃取溶剂，萃取该牛蒡样品所获得；如此，使该牛蒡萃取物具有较佳的缩小良性摄护腺肥大症个体的摄护腺的效果。
本发明的牛蒡萃取物的用途，其中，该牛蒡样品为牛蒡子样品。如此，通过特定部位的选用，使萃取获得的牛蒡萃取物具有较佳的缩小良性摄护腺肥大症个体的摄护腺的效果。
本发明的牛蒡萃取物的用途，其中，该牛蒡萃取物以经口喂食的方式投予所需个体，且较佳以900毫克/公斤/天的剂量，连续投予该所需个体28～60天。如此，通过特定投予途径及投予剂量的选用，使萃取获得的牛蒡萃取物具有较佳的缩小良性摄护腺肥大症个体的摄护腺的效果。
附图说明
图1显示第A0～A4组大鼠的摄护腺重量。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的上述及其他目的、特征及优点能更明显易懂，下文特列举本发明的较佳实施例，并配合附图，作详细说明如下：
本发明所述的牛蒡(Arctium lappa)，是指菊科(Asteraceae)牛蒡属(Arctium)的两年生植物。牛蒡的根含有大量的膳食纤维及多酚，被认为有减肥及养生等效用，牛蒡的叶则含有丰富的胡萝卜素及维生素 C，有助于增强免疫功能，牛蒡子则为其成熟果实，其主要活性成分包含牛蒡苷及牛蒡苷元，具有解热、利尿等作用。
本发明的牛蒡萃取物可以由萃取溶剂萃取牛蒡样品所获得。举例而言，工作人员可以取100克的牛蒡样品混合500～2000毫升的萃取溶剂 (即，水或乙醇水溶液，较佳可以为乙醇浓度为80～98％的乙醇水溶液)，于沸腾的状况下，回流萃取0.5～6小时，经过滤、减压浓缩及冷冻干燥后，即可以获得该牛蒡萃取物。
详而言之，该牛蒡样品可以为牛蒡根样品、牛蒡叶样品或牛蒡子样品。较佳地，在以该萃取溶剂进行萃取之前，工作人员可以预先将该牛蒡样品进行干燥，得到牛蒡干燥物(该牛蒡干燥物的含水量低于15％)；此外，该牛蒡样品也可以预先进行切片(例如厚度约0.1～0.5cm的切片)或碎成粉粒(例如粒径小于2mm的粉粒)，以增加该牛蒡样品与该萃取溶剂的接触表面积，借此提升后续萃取的萃取效率。
于第一实施例中，取100克的牛蒡根样品混合1000毫升的萃取溶剂(乙醇浓度为95％的乙醇水溶液)于沸腾的状况下回流萃取3小时，经过滤、减压浓缩及冷冻干燥后，最终获得约4～6克的牛蒡萃取物；于第二、第三实施例中，将第一实施例的牛蒡根样品分别替换为牛蒡叶样品及牛蒡子样品，最终获得约7～13克及10～12克的牛蒡萃取物。为便于后续说明，第一实施例、第二实施例及第三实施例的牛蒡萃取物分别称为“牛蒡根萃取物”、“牛蒡叶萃取物”及“牛蒡子萃取物”。
本发明的牛蒡萃取物可以使良性摄护腺肥大症大鼠的摄护腺重量减小，因而可以应用于制备治疗良性摄护腺肥大症的药物，该牛蒡萃取物与医药学上可以接受的载剂或赋形剂组合形成医药组合物，其中，该牛蒡萃取物可以制备成任何方便食用的型式，如锭剂、胶囊、粉剂、粒剂或液剂等，或者将该牛蒡萃取物与其他食品或饮料组合，以适于食用的样态供生物体以口服方式服用。
本发明的牛蒡萃取物可以供投予所需个体，例如以900毫克/公斤体重/天的剂量投予该所需个体，并连续投予该所需个体28～60天，使该牛蒡萃取物所含有的活性成分得以于该所需个体体内作用，以降低摄护腺的重量。
本试验选用6周龄、体重约为150～200克的雄性史─道二氏大鼠 (Sprague-Dawley大鼠，简称SD大鼠，购自中国台湾乐斯特生物科技股份有限公司)，其饲养于维持室温为22±2℃的动物室(光照时间与黑暗时间各为12小时)，且可以自由进食及饮水。
请参照表1所示，将睪丸素(testosterone)以皮下注射(subcutaneousinjection)的方式投予经去势的大鼠，连续投予28天(剂量为10毫克/ 公斤体重/天)，以诱发良性摄护腺肥大症大鼠(即，BPH大鼠)。
表1、本试验各组的处理条件
| 组别 | 大鼠 | 牛蒡萃取物 |
| A0 | 正常大鼠 | 无 |
| A1 | BPH大鼠 | 无 |
| A2 | BPH大鼠 | 牛蒡根萃取物 |
| A3 | BPH大鼠 | 牛蒡叶萃取物 |
| A4 | BPH大鼠 | 牛蒡子萃取物 |
于此同时，将该牛蒡根萃取物、该牛蒡叶萃取物及该牛蒡子萃取物分别经口投予该BPH大鼠(剂量为900毫克/公斤体重/天，溶于0.5％的羧甲基纤维素水溶液中)，同样投予28天。第A0组的正常大鼠及第A1组的BPH大鼠则是口服投予0.5％的羧甲基纤维素水溶液。
请参照图1所示，在28天后取得各组大鼠的摄护腺后秤重，第A0 组的正常大鼠的摄护腺重量约为0.84±0.34克，第A1组的BPH大鼠的摄护腺重量约为1.80±0.24克，与第A0组的正常大鼠的摄护腺重量有显著差异(P＜0.001)。相较于仅口服投予羧甲基纤维素水溶液的第A1 组的BPH大鼠的摄护腺重量，口服投予该牛蒡根萃取物、该牛蒡叶萃取物及该牛蒡子萃取物的第A2～A4组的BPH大鼠的摄护腺重量均有明显的减小，分别为1.34±0.31克、1.30±0.32克及0.93±0.14克(P＜0.05、 P＜0.05及P＜0.001)，显示本发明的牛蒡萃取物确实可以有效减小良性摄护腺肥大症个体的摄护腺重量。
此外，值得注意的是，相较于口服该牛蒡根萃取物、该牛蒡叶萃取物的第A2、A3组的BPH大鼠的摄护腺重量，口服该牛蒡子萃取物的第A4组的BPH大鼠的摄护腺重量也有明显的减小(P＜0.05、P＜0.05)；口服投予该牛蒡子萃取物的第A4组的BPH大鼠的摄护腺重量可以恢复到与第A0组的正常大鼠的摄护腺重量相似(P＞0.05)，显示该牛蒡子萃取物的效果优于该牛蒡根萃取物及该牛蒡叶萃取物，且可以使良性摄护腺肥大症个体的摄护腺重量恢复到与正常个体的摄护腺重量相似。
综上所述，本发明的牛蒡萃取物的用途，可以通过该牛蒡萃取物所含有的活性成分，使良性摄护腺肥大症个体的摄护腺减小，因而能够应用于制备治疗良性摄护腺肥大症的药物，为本发明的效果。
并且，本发明的牛蒡萃取物萃取自中国台湾即可以取得的牛蒡样品，使消费者能够以平易近人的价格即能够购买获得具有良好疗效的牛蒡萃取物，为本发明的效果。
Claims (5)
1.一种牛蒡萃取物的用途，其特征在于，用以制备治疗良性摄护腺肥大症的药物；其中，该牛蒡萃取物由萃取溶剂萃取牛蒡样品所获得，该萃取溶剂为水或乙醇水溶液。
2.如权利要求1所述的牛蒡萃取物的用途，其特征在于，该牛蒡萃取物由乙醇浓度为80～98%的乙醇水溶液作为该萃取溶剂，萃取该牛蒡样品所获得。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的牛蒡萃取物的用途，其特征在于，该牛蒡样品为牛蒡子样品。
4.如权利要求1所述的牛蒡萃取物的用途，其特征在于，该牛蒡萃取物以经口喂食的方式投予所需个体。
5.如权利要求4所述的牛蒡萃取物的用途，其特征在于，该牛蒡萃取物以900毫克/公斤/天的剂量，连续投予该所需个体28～60天。
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| TWI646967B (zh) * | 2017-11-08 | 2019-01-11 | 康力生技股份有限公司 | 牛蒡子萃取物的製備方法及純化方法 |
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