CN112064569A - Method for constructing pond suitable for frog inhabitation in green land - Google Patents
Method for constructing pond suitable for frog inhabitation in green land Download PDFInfo
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- CN112064569A CN112064569A CN202010919948.2A CN202010919948A CN112064569A CN 112064569 A CN112064569 A CN 112064569A CN 202010919948 A CN202010919948 A CN 202010919948A CN 112064569 A CN112064569 A CN 112064569A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B1/00—Equipment or apparatus for, or methods of, general hydraulic engineering, e.g. protection of constructions against ice-strains
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/122—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F5/00—Sewerage structures
- E03F5/10—Collecting-tanks; Equalising-tanks for regulating the run-off; Laying-up basins
- E03F5/103—Naturals or landscape retention bodies, e.g. ponds
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pond construction method suitable for inhabitation of frogs in a green land, which is characterized in that a pond body of the pond is excavated in the green land, a waterproof blanket and a clay layer are paved in the pond body of the pond to serve as a waterproof layer, and a planting soil layer is paved on the clay layer; the bottom surface of the pond body is planted with various submerged plants, and local emergent aquatic plants are planted in the land and water transition zone, so that a small ecological circle suitable for the existence of small aquatic organisms such as frogs is constructed in the pond body, and then green areas such as a near-water green area of a city and an open green area of the city meet the growth and reproduction requirements of amphibians such as frogs and other small aquatic animals, so that a small ecological system with organically combined animals and plants is constructed in the green area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of landscaping, in particular to a pond construction method suitable for frog inhabitation in a green land.
Background
The green land plays an important role in urban greening as an artificial landscape, but in the prior art, the green land generally only consists of various plants, and the biological diversity of the green land is limited; meanwhile, the ornamental value is also limited, in order to improve the ornamental value of the green land, people usually add landscapes such as fountains or artificial ponds, rivers and the like, but the landscapes do not have any ecological function, and meanwhile, in the continuous use process, water can cause eutrophication due to the absorption of a large amount of oxygen and other microorganisms in the air, and finally the environment around the green land is influenced;
in addition, in the prior art, the construction of the green land needs to occupy a large amount of land, which inevitably damages the original natural environment, thereby further reducing the ecological effect of the green land.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of single water body landscape and poor ecological effect in the prior art, the invention discloses a pond construction method suitable for frog inhabitation in a green land.
A method for constructing a pond suitable for the inhabitation of frogs in a green land comprises the following steps:
s1, earth excavation is carried out on the designated place according to the construction plan, and the excavated foundation pit is used as a pond body of the pond; simultaneously, tamping the bottom of the pond body of the pond;
s2, paving a waterproof blanket on the surface of the tamped pond body in the step S1, and paving and tamping clay on the surface of the waterproof blanket; backfilling a planting soil layer for planting emergent aquatic plants on the surface of the clay;
s3, paving gravels or pebbles on the surface layer of the planting soil layer except the side slope region in the step S2;
s4, planting submerged plants at the bottom of the pond body in the step S3, and planting emergent plants at the amphibious transition zone of the pond body;
s5, the slope of the edge of the pond body is reduced by arranging stones on the land and water transition zone of the pond body and the edge of the pond body, and meanwhile, secondary molding of the landform of the pond body is completed.
Preferably, when a plurality of pond bodies need to be excavated in step S1, the distance between the pond bodies is not less than 90cm, and the adjacent pond bodies are communicated with each other through open ditches or closed pipes.
Preferably, the cross section of the pond body of the pond in the step S2 is in a 2-4-level step structure.
Preferably, in the step S2, the thickness of the clay layer is not less than 30cm, and the thickness of the planting soil layer is not less than 30 cm.
Preferably, in the step S4, if the water surface area of the pond body of the pond is more than 10 square meters, the floating leaf plants are replanted in the pond body, and the shading area of the floating leaf plants is not more than half of the water surface area.
Preferably, the leafy plant includes water lily, Xincai, potamogeton, water lily flower and water caltrop.
Preferably, the submerged plants and the emergent plants in step S4 are native plants or eurytoplasm plants, wherein the height of the emergent plants is less than 1 m; and the submerged plants and emergent plants are planted in a cluster type cluster planting mode simulating the structure of local plant communities.
Preferably, the stone material in the step S5 adopts local rough stones or pebbles with rough surfaces, the particle size of the stone material is not less than 20cm, and after the stone material is naturally stacked, adjacent stone materials should be not less than 5 cm2The gap of (2).
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the method comprises the steps of excavating a pond body of the pond in a green land, paving a waterproof blanket and a clay layer in the pond body of the pond as a waterproof layer, and paving a planting soil layer on the clay layer; the bottom surface of the pond body is planted with various local submerged plants, and local emergent aquatic plants are planted in the land and water transition zone, so that a small ecological ring structure in the pond body is completed, a place suitable for the growth and reproduction of frogs is created, and further the green areas near the water green areas of cities, open green areas of cities, under forests, countryside wastelands and the surrounding buildings meet the growth and reproduction requirements of amphibians such as frogs and other small aquatic animals, so that a small ecological system with organically combined animals and plants is constructed in the green areas, compared with the landscape water body in the prior art, the small ecological system not only keeps the ornamental value of the landscape water body, but also can greatly improve the biological diversity of the water body in the green areas due to the construction of the small ecological system in the water body, and simultaneously adjusts the climate micro-ring around the green areas, so that the ecological effect of the water body in the green areas such as ponds is obviously improved;
secondly, as the pond body of the pond has a good recyclable ecosystem, the ecological conditions of the pond body meet the living demands of small aquatic organisms such as frogs and the like, the basic living demands of the species can be continuously ensured under the condition that the habitat of the organisms is damaged due to green land construction, the diversity of the native species in the surrounding environment of the green land is further ensured, the protection strength of the native species is improved, the damage of the green land construction to the surrounding environment is avoided, the negative influence on the surrounding environment is reduced to the maximum extent, and the maximization of the land value is realized;
meanwhile, the stable ecological ring is constructed in the pond, so that the ecological ring can biodegrade organic matters in water, the stability of water quality is ensured, compared with the traditional landscape water body, eutrophication caused by relative sealing of the landscape water body is avoided, the quality stability of the water body is higher, the environment of a green land is further influenced, the long-term stability of the ecological environment of the green land is ensured, and the later maintenance cost is reduced;
the pond can be used as a live-action education material of an ecological environment in a green land, meets the leisure function of the green land, and simultaneously endows the green land with an ecological education function, improves the attraction of the green land to minors, and simultaneously makes ecological education more vivid;
finally, the pond body of the pond is simple in structure, the size and the shape of the pond body can be flexibly set according to needs, organic combination of the green land landscape and the regional culture of the pond body is achieved, the ornamental property of the green land landscape is enriched, meanwhile, the construction scale and the construction cost of the pond body are within a controllable range, the construction cost of the green land is favorably controlled, and the pond body is popularized in a large area.
2. When a plurality of pond bodies are arranged, the interval between every two adjacent pond bodies is at least 90cm, and the adjacent pond bodies are communicated with each other through open ditches or concealed pipes, so that on one hand, the arrangement can ensure that each pond body has certain independence, prevent foreign species such as plague or with high reproductive capacity from rapidly spreading, destroy ecological balance in greenbelts and ponds, strive for time for protection of the greenbelts and the ponds, and improve the risk resistance of the ponds; meanwhile, on the premise that the total area of the pond bodies is limited, the pond bodies are arranged in the whole green land as much as possible, so that the ecological influence on the whole green land is improved; and through mutual communication of open ditches or hidden pipes, water sources can be guaranteed to flow among the bodies of the ponds, dead water is avoided, the vitality of the small ecological system of the pond is guaranteed, and meanwhile, the connection between the whole pond system and the water sources is simplified.
3. According to the invention, when the water surface area of the pond body of the pond is more than 10 square meters, the floating leaf plants need to be replanted, so that the biological diversity of the large pond is improved, and meanwhile, the shielding effect of the floating leaf plants can effectively reduce the sunshine amount received by the pond, so that a better living environment is created for the amphibians of frogs, and the stability of an ecological system in the pond is improved; and the floating-leaf plants also have higher ornamental value, and can effectively enrich the ornamental value of the green land and the pond.
4. The cross section of the pond body of the pond is of a 2-4-level step structure, and compared with an arc-shaped structure, the cross section of the pond body of the pond can provide more inhabitation areas for amphibians such as frogs and the like and small aquatic organisms on one hand, so that the biological capacity of the pond is improved; on the other hand, the waterproof blanket can be effectively fixed while being convenient to lay, so that the anti-leakage capacity of the pond is ensured, and the stability of the water level in the pond is ensured.
5. The local aquatic plants or the eurytoplasm-shaped plants are used as submerged plants and emergent plants, and can effectively ensure the adaptability of the plants in the pond to the local climate and environment, thereby ensuring the smooth establishment of the ecological system of the pond and simultaneously improving the ecological stability of the ecological system; and the group-type cluster planting mode simulating the local plant community structure is adopted for planting, so that the planting success rate of the pond ecosystem can be further improved, the local aquatic environment can be simulated as much as possible, a comfortable living environment is created for frogs and other small-sized aquatic organisms, and the stability of the pond ecosystem is improved.
6. According to the invention, local rough stones or pebbles with rough surfaces are used as the stones for the land and water transition zone, the particle size of the stones is not less than 20cm, and after the stones are naturally stacked, adjacent stones are required to be not less than 5 cm2The gap is convenient for amphibians such as frogs and the like to come and go between the water and the land, and the living environment is improved; the stone material that can pile up the setting simultaneously can improve its biological capacity under the limited condition of pond area in the more living space of component in the space to the living environment of more lifelike simulation biology improves its protection dynamics to aquatic organisms.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the pond of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a sectional view of a structure of a pond according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
reference numerals: 1. the method comprises the following steps of (1) waterproof blanket, 2, clay layer, 3, planting soil layer, 4, submerged plant, 5, emergent aquatic plant and 6, floating leaf plant.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated by the following specific embodiments:
embodiment mode 1
This embodiment mode discloses, as a basic embodiment mode of the present invention, a method for constructing a pond suitable for a frog to inhabit in a green land, including the steps of:
s1, paying off at a specified place according to construction planning, carrying out earthwork excavation on the specified place, taking the excavated foundation pit as a pond body of the pond, wherein the excavated pond body of the pond is bowl-shaped, and meanwhile carrying out earthwork tamping operation on the inner surface of the pond body of the pond, and the excavation depth of the pond body of the pond is not less than 80 cm; the selected construction site is preferably provided with a stable natural water source, the natural water source is communicated with a pond body of the pond through an open ditch or a concealed conduit, and a water source control device such as a valve is arranged in the open ditch or the concealed conduit;
s2, paving a waterproof blanket on the surface of the pond body tamped in the step S1, paving a clay layer 2 on the surface of the waterproof blanket 1 after paving, tamping, and backfilling a planting soil layer 3 for planting plants on the surface of the clay layer 2; wherein the thickness of the clay layer 2 and the planting soil layer 3 is not less than 30 cm;
s3, paving gravels or pebbles on the surface layer of the planting soil layer except the slope region in the step S2, wherein the particle size of the gravels and the pebbles is 3cm, and the paving thickness of the gravels and the pebble layer is not more than 10 cm;
s4, planting submerged plants 4 on the planting soil layer by layer at the bottom of the pond body in the step S3, simultaneously planting emergent aquatic plants 5 on the planting soil layer by layer at the land and water transition zone of the pond body, wherein the submerged plants 4 and the emergent aquatic plants 5 are preferably local indigenous plant species, if not, the plants can be selected from clowidely-shaped plants, the submerged plants are selected from one or more of chrysopharia, eel grass and hydrilla verticillata, the emergent plants are selected from one or more of cattail, calamus, polygonum hydropiper, loosestrife, reed, juncus effuses, equisetum arvense, equisetum hiemale, allium fistulosum, rhizoma alismatis and arrowhead; when the plant is planted, various plants are reasonably combined according to the distribution rule of local plants and are uniformly planted at the bottom of the pond body, and the planting area of the plant at least covers one third of the area of the bottom of the pond body;
when the emergent aquatic plants 5 are planted, the plant proportion is reasonably configured according to the distribution rule of local plants, the grouped emergent aquatic plants are uniformly planted on the land and water transition belt of the pond body, and the seedling height of the selected plants is not more than 1 m;
s5, in pondNaturally stacking stones on the land and water transition zone of the body and the edge of the pond body to reduce the gradient of the edge of the pond body, and finishing secondary molding of the terrain of the pond body, wherein the gradient of the edge of the pond body of the pond after secondary molding is less than 30%; the stone material is preferably local rough stone or pebble with rough surface, the grain diameter of the stone material is not less than 20cm, and naturally, the grain diameter of the piled stone materials is not less than 5 cm2The gap of (2).
This embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and discloses a method for constructing a pond suitable for a frog to inhabit in a green land, which comprises the steps of:
s1, paying off at a specified place according to construction planning, carrying out earth excavation on the specified place, taking the excavated foundation pit as a pond body of the pond, arranging the excavated pond body of the pond in a step structure, and arranging 2-4 levels of step structures according to requirements; after earthwork excavation is finished, carrying out earthwork tamping operation on plain soil on the inner surface of the pond body of the pond;
the selected construction site is preferably provided with a stable natural water source, the natural water source is communicated with the pond body of the pond through an open ditch or a concealed pipe, and a water source control device such as a valve is arranged in the open ditch or the concealed pipe;
when a plurality of pond bodies are excavated, the pond body closest to the water source is communicated with the water source, other pond bodies are communicated with each other through open ditches or closed pipes, the number of the open ditches and the closed pipes is flexibly selected according to the actual situation, meanwhile, the distance between every two adjacent ponds is not less than 90cm, if the green area is small, the width of the water body can be properly reduced but not less than 60cm, and meanwhile, the average depth of earthwork excavation is not less than 80 cm;
s2, paving the waterproof blanket 1 on the surface of the pond body tamped in the step S1, paving and tamping a clay layer 2 on the surface of the waterproof blanket 1 after paving, and backfilling a planting soil layer 3 for planting plants on the surface of the clay layer 2; wherein the thickness of the clay layer 2 and the planting soil layer 3 is not less than 30 cm;
s3, paving gravels or pebbles on the surface layer of the planting soil layer except the slope region in the step S2, wherein the particle size of the gravels and the pebbles is 3cm, and the paving thickness of the gravels and the pebble layer is not more than 10 cm;
s4, planting submerged plants 4 on the planting soil layer by layer at the bottom of the pond body in the step S3, simultaneously planting emergent aquatic plants 5 on the planting soil layer by layer at the land and water transition zone of the pond body, wherein the submerged plants 4 and the emergent aquatic plants 5 are preferably local indigenous plant species, if not, the plants can be selected from clowidely-shaped plants, the submerged plants are selected from one or more of chrysopharia, eel grass and hydrilla verticillata, the emergent plants are selected from one or more of cattail, calamus, polygonum hydropiper, loosestrife, reed, juncus effuses, equisetum arvense, equisetum hiemale, allium fistulosum, rhizoma alismatis and arrowhead; when the plant is planted, various plants are reasonably combined according to the distribution rule of local plants and are uniformly planted at the bottom of the pond body, and the planting area of the plant at least covers one third of the area of the bottom of the pond body;
when the emergent aquatic plants 5 are planted, the plant proportion is reasonably configured according to the distribution rule of local plants, the grouped emergent aquatic plants are uniformly planted on the land and water transition belt of the pond body, and the seedling height of the selected plants is not more than 1 m;
s5, if the water surface area of the pond body of the pond is more than 10 square meters, replanting a floating leaf plant 6 in the pond body, wherein the floating leaf plant 6 is preferably a local native species, if not, one or more of water lily, Xinjiang, potamogeton, lotus and water caltrop are selected, the floating leaf plant 6 is uniformly distributed in the pond body, and the covering area is not more than half of the water surface area;
s5, naturally stacking stones on the land and water transition zone of the pond body and the edge of the pond body to reduce the gradient of the edge of the pond body, and finishing secondary molding of the terrain of the pond body, wherein the gradient of the edge of the pond body of the pond after secondary molding is less than 30%; the stone material is preferably local rough stone or pebble with rough surface, the grain diameter of the stone material is not less than 20cm, and naturally, the grain diameter of the piled stone materials is not less than 5 cm2The gap of (2).
The invention uniformly arranges a plurality of ponds in the green land, and plants submerged plants, emergent plants and floating plants in the ponds to construct a good living environment for small amphibians such as frogs and other small aquatic organisms, so that an animal and plant organically combined small ecological system is constructed in the green land, the ornamental value of the landscape water body is kept, meanwhile, a recyclable small ecological system can provide a good inhabitation environment for local aquatic species, the damage of the green land construction to the local ecology is avoided, the biological diversity of the water body in the green land is greatly improved, the microclimate circle around the green land is effectively regulated, and the ecological effect of the water body such as a pond in the green land is obviously improved.
Claims (8)
1. A method for constructing a pond suitable for the inhabitation of frogs in a green land is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, earth excavation is carried out on the designated place according to the construction plan, and the excavated foundation pit is used as a pond body of the pond; simultaneously, tamping the bottom of the pond body of the pond;
s2, paving a waterproof blanket on the surface of the tamped pond body in the step S1, and paving and tamping clay on the surface of the waterproof blanket; backfilling a planting soil layer for planting emergent aquatic plants on the surface of the clay;
s3, paving gravels or pebbles on the surface layer of the planting soil layer except the side slope region in the step S2;
s4, planting submerged plants at the bottom of the pond body in the step S3, and planting emergent plants at the amphibious transition zone of the pond body;
s5, the slope of the edge of the pond body is reduced by arranging stones on the land and water transition zone of the pond body and the edge of the pond body, and meanwhile, secondary molding of the landform of the pond body is completed.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the pond suitable for the perching of frogs is constructed in the green field: when a plurality of pond bodies need to be excavated in the step S1, the distance between the pond bodies is not less than 90cm, and the adjacent pond bodies are communicated with each other through open ditches or closed pipes.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the pond suitable for the perching of frogs is constructed in the green field: the cross section of the pond body in the step S2 is in a 2-4-level step structure.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the pond suitable for the perching of frogs is constructed in the green field: in the step S2, the thickness of the clay layer is not less than 30cm, and the thickness of the planting soil layer is not less than 30 cm.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the pond suitable for the perching of frogs is constructed in the green field: in the step S4, if the water surface area of the pond body of the pond is more than 10 square meters, the floating leaf plants are replanted in the pond body, and the shading area of the floating leaf plants is not more than half of the water surface area.
6. The method of claim 3, wherein the pond suitable for the perching of frogs is constructed in the green field: said floating-leaf plant comprises water lily, Xincai, potamogeton, flos Lonicerae, and pedicellus et pericarpium Trapae.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the pond suitable for the perching of frogs is constructed in the green field: the submerged plants and the emergent plants in the step S4 are local native plant species or widely distributed plants, and the height of the seedlings is less than 1 m; and the submerged plants and emergent plants are planted in a cluster type cluster planting mode simulating the structure of local plant communities.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the pond suitable for the perching of frogs is constructed in the green field: the stone material in the step S5 adopts local rough stones or pebbles with rough surfaces, the particle size of the stone material is not less than 20cm, and after the stone material is naturally stacked, adjacent stone materials should be not less than 5 cm2The gap of (2).
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113349157A (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2021-09-07 | 深圳园林股份有限公司 | Pond construction structure suitable for frog inhabitation in green land |
| CN113417354A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-09-21 | 章壮亮 | High-simulation stone ecological landscape fish pond and soft film forming and manufacturing process of landscape fish pond |
| CN113482135A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-10-08 | 五冶集团上海有限公司 | GCL waterproof blanket-based artificial pond for office and production temporary |
| CN114568389A (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2022-06-03 | 北京市园林古建设计研究院有限公司 | Small wild small animal hidden land system and building method thereof |
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