CN112042519A - Variable-depth underground irrigation device and method for guiding root growth - Google Patents
Variable-depth underground irrigation device and method for guiding root growth Download PDFInfo
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- CN112042519A CN112042519A CN202010890952.0A CN202010890952A CN112042519A CN 112042519 A CN112042519 A CN 112042519A CN 202010890952 A CN202010890952 A CN 202010890952A CN 112042519 A CN112042519 A CN 112042519A
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- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 127
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 123
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000002786 root growth Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 213
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229940059082 douche Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010496 root system development Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G29/00—Root feeders; Injecting fertilisers into the roots
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/02—Special arrangements for delivering the liquid directly into the soil
- A01C23/023—Special arrangements for delivering the liquid directly into the soil for liquid or gas fertilisers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/04—Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/04—Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
- A01C23/042—Adding fertiliser to watering systems
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a variable-depth underground irrigation device and method for guiding root growth. The invention comprises a pressurizing device, a main pipe, a closed branch pipe and an open branch pipe; the irrigation water flows to the water storage bin through the cylindrical flow channel of the closed branch pipe, then flows to the annular irrigator through the flow dividing pipe, and finally flows to the irrigation holes of the perforated branch pipe and the lower section main pipe from the water outlet hole of the annular irrigator. The invention can realize the transverse and longitudinal development of the guide root system, thereby promoting the growth of crops; controlling irrigation quantity and irrigation depth according to different growth periods of crops, reducing evaporation and saving water resources and fertilizers; the irrigation depth and the wetting radius are variable, so that the application range of a common underground irrigation system can be widened; the contact time of the root system and irrigation water is controlled, so that soil ventilation is facilitated, and root rot is prevented; the douche is arranged inside the branch pipe, so that the problem of blockage of the douche is avoided; the detachable characteristic can make the irrigation system suitable for more occasions, and is convenient for the recovery and storage of the main pipe; can realize the integration of water and fertilizer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a variable-depth underground irrigation device and method for guiding root growth, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural water-saving irrigation.
Background
In the current agricultural production, in order to improve the utilization rate of water resources and save the water consumption for irrigation, people explore various water-saving irrigation modes. Agricultural water-saving irrigation technology develops till now, and underground irrigation is comparatively ripe in the field irrigation engineering, but in the actual production process, ordinary underground irrigation system function and application condition are more single, and have defects such as easy jam. With the growth of crops, the root systems of the crops develop gradually, and the required irrigation water quantity, irrigation depth and irrigation wetting radius are also different. Most of the existing underground irrigation systems are embedded underground before the fixed planting of crops, the irrigation depth and the irrigation radius are fixed, and the limitation on root growth, crop development and water utilization is large. Therefore, the application conditions of the underground irrigation system are widened, the function diversification of the underground irrigation is improved, and the method is particularly important in the technical field of agricultural water-saving irrigation.
Existing subsurface irrigation devices generally have the following disadvantages:
(1) most of the existing underground irrigation devices are pre-buried before the fixed planting of crops, the irrigation depth and the radius are fixed and unchanged, and the development of crop roots is limited, so that the growth of the crops is influenced.
(2) The irrigation flow of the existing underground irrigation device is generally unchangeable and can not be completely adapted to the irrigation water requirement of crops in different periods.
(3) The irrigation water volume of the underground irrigation device mostly stays in a shallow soil area, the evaporation capacity is large, and the water utilization efficiency needs to be improved.
(4) The current underground irrigation device is usually directly carried irrigation water to around the crop root system, fails make full use of root system to water to fertile nature, guides the root system development, promotes crop growth.
The existing underground irrigation device is easy to block and is not easy to dredge and overhaul.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the invention provides a variable-depth underground irrigation device and method for guiding root growth, which can realize the transverse and longitudinal development of the root so as to promote the growth of crops, reduce the evaporation of irrigation water and save water resources and fertilizers, and meanwhile, the irrigation depth, irrigation quantity and wetting radius of the irrigation device are variable, so that the application range of a common underground irrigation system can be widened, the ventilation of soil is facilitated, root rot is prevented, the problem of blockage of the underground irrigation device can be avoided, the device has the detachable characteristic, and the water and fertilizer integration is realized.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a variable-depth underground irrigation device for guiding root growth comprises a pressurizing device 1, a main pipe 2, a closed branch pipe 5 and a perforated branch pipe 8;
irrigation water enters from a water inlet at the left end of the air drying pipe 2, flows to the water storage bin 9 through the cylindrical flow channel 11 of the closed branch pipe 5, flows to the annular irrigator 13 through the flow dividing pipe 10, and finally flows to the irrigation holes 16 of the perforated branch pipe 8 and the lower section trunk pipe from the water outlet hole 14 of the annular irrigator 13; the main pipe 2 is vertically connected with the closed branch pipe 5 in a tee pipe mode; in the closed branch pipe 5, the sliding piston 6 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the closed branch pipe 5, the sliding piston slides in the sliding cavity 7 under the action of water pressure, the cylindrical runner 11 is connected with the water storage bin 9 in the perforated branch pipe 8, the water storage bin 9 in the perforated branch pipe 8 is connected with the shunt pipe 10, the annular emitter 13 is a hollow cylinder, a row of water outlet holes 14 are uniformly formed in the outer curved surface and tightly attached to the inner wall of the perforated branch pipe 8, the shunt pipe 10 is connected to the inner curved surface of the annular emitter 13, the hollow piston 12 is tightly attached to the upper portion of the annular emitter 13, the closed piston 15 is tightly attached to the lower portion of the annular emitter 13.
As a further proposal of the invention, in the closed branch pipe 5, the sliding piston 6 is a hollow cylinder made of elastic waterproof material, the outer edge of the ring-shaped irrigator is tightly attached to the inner wall of the closed branch pipe 5, a cylindrical flow passage 11 in the sliding piston 6 is connected with a water storage bin 9 of the branch pipe 8 with a hole, the water storage bin 9 is connected with four branch pipes 10, the branch pipes 10 are communicated with the inner curved surface of the ring-shaped irrigator 13, a hollow piston 12 and a closed piston 15 are respectively fixed on the upper part and the lower part of the ring-shaped irrigator 13, namely a sliding piston 6, a cylindrical flow passage 11, a water storage bin 9, a shunt pipe 10, an annular douche 13, a hollow piston 12 and a closed piston 15 are connected into a whole, are pushed by water pressure to move in a closed branch pipe 5 and an open branch pipe 8, therefore, the purpose of changing the irrigation depth is achieved, the water outlet pressure of the water outlet hole 14 is changed by combining the adjustment of the water pressure, and the purpose of changing the radius of the wetting body is achieved.
As a further scheme of the invention, the closed branch pipe 5 comprises a sliding piston 6, a sliding cavity 7 and a cylindrical flow passage 11; the sliding piston 6 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the closed branch pipe 5 and slides in the sliding cavity 7; the perforated branch pipe 8 comprises a water storage bin 9, a shunt pipe 10, a hollow piston 12, an annular douche 13 and a closed piston 15; the shell of the closed branch pipe 5 is made of impervious closed material, the shell of the perforated branch pipe 8 is divided into an upper part and a lower part by an annular irrigator 13 at an initial position, the upper part is closed, and the lower part is provided with an irrigation hole 16.
As a further scheme of the invention, according to the arrangement mode that the underground irrigation system is matched with crop planting, the water outlet holes 14 arranged on the annular douche 13 can be manually and selectively opened, and if the water outlet holes 14 are fully opened on the annular douche 13, the variable-depth underground irrigation device for guiding root system growth can be arranged under a single row of crops; if apopore 14 is seted up to half side on the annular emitter 13, the variable depth underground irrigation device of guide root system growth can arrange between two rows of crops, both ends about main pipe 2, seal branch pipe 5, trompil branch pipe 8 both ends are all made and are dismantled the form from top to bottom, can be connected with arbitrary irrigation pipe promptly, realize different irrigation methods, satisfy different irrigation demands.
As a further scheme of the invention, the opening 17 is arranged on the perforated branch pipe 8 and is used for sleeving the cylindrical flow passage 11, the diameter of the cylindrical flow passage 11 is consistent with that of the opening 17, the cylindrical flow passage 11 and the opening 17 are movably connected, the lower half part of the perforated branch pipe 8 is provided with a water filling hole 16, the circular surface of the bottom is closed to prevent leakage, one end of the shunt pipe 10 is communicated with the water storage bin 9, the other end of the shunt pipe is communicated with a water inlet 20 inside the annular water filling device 13, and the specific sizes of the closed branch pipe 5 and the perforated branch pipe 8 can be.
As a further scheme of the invention, the outer diameter of the sliding piston 6 is larger than the opening 17 of the perforated branch pipe, so that the plane of the opening 17 of the perforated branch pipe is the lower limit of the sliding of the piston 6, the connecting surface of the cylindrical flow passage 11 and the water inlet 19 of the water storage bin is circular, the diameter is consistent with that of the cylindrical flow passage 11, the outer diameter of the annular emitter 13 is consistent with the inner diameter of the perforated branch pipe 8, the water outlet 14 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the perforated branch pipe 8 and is attached to the water irrigation holes 16, the aperture of the water irrigation holes 16 is smaller than that of the water outlet 14, and the opening density of the water irrigation holes 16 is larger than that of the water outlet 14, so as to ensure smooth water outlet and.
As a further scheme of the invention, the hollow piston 12, the annular irrigator 13 and the closed piston 15 are fixedly connected and all move together with the cylindrical runner 11, the outer diameters of the three are consistent, the inner diameter of the hollow piston 12 is consistent with the inner diameter of the annular irrigator 13, the three are tightly attached to the inner wall of the perforated branch pipe 8 and are pressurized by the pressurizing device 1 to push the piston 6 to move downwards so as to drive the cylindrical runner 11, the water storage bin 9, the flow divider 10 and the annular irrigator 13 to move along the inner wall of the perforated branch pipe 8, the depth of the water outlet hole 14 on the annular irrigator 13 along with the water outlet hole is the only water outlet depth of the irrigation system, and the irrigation hole 16 matched with the water outlet hole 14 is the only water outlet of the irrigation system.
A method of variable depth sub-irrigation for guiding root growth, the method comprising:
step1, according to the growth rules of different crop roots, in the growth and development process of crops, the pressurizing device 1 pressurizes to push the sliding piston 6 to move downwards to a first depth A, so as to drive the cylindrical runner 11, the water storage bin 9, the flow divider 10 and the annular irrigator 13 to move along the inner wall of the perforated branch pipe 8, the depth of a water outlet hole 14 on the annular irrigator 13 along with the water outlet hole is the only water outlet depth B of irrigation, the irrigation hole 16 matched with the water outlet hole 14 is the only water outlet of irrigation, the water outlet depth B is greater than the length of the longest root system, namely, the wetting body keeps a certain depth from the root system for a certain time; during the period, the periphery of the root system is dry, and the root system grows deeper and wider due to the fertilizer property towards water, namely the root system grows towards a moist body;
step2, when the root system grows and contacts the wetting body, the pressurizing device 1 stops pressurizing, the sliding piston 6 is kept at the first depth A, the cylindrical flow channel 11, the water storage bin 9, the flow divider 10 and the annular emitter 13 also stay at corresponding positions, the water outlet hole 14 on the annular emitter 13 continuously emits water, the water outlet depth is unchanged at the depth B, the water emitting hole 16 matched with the water outlet hole 14 is the only water outlet of the water emitting system, and the root system and the wetting body are kept in contact for a certain time; during the period, the root system absorbs water to ensure the water needed by the growth of crops;
step3, after the root system is kept in contact with the moist body for a certain time, the pressurizing device 1 continues pressurizing, the piston 6 is pushed to move downwards to the depth C, the cylindrical flow channel 11, the water storage bin 9, the flow divider 10 and the annular emitter 13 are driven to move along the inner wall of the perforated branch pipe 8, the depth of the water outlet hole 14 on the annular emitter 13 along with the water outlet hole is the only water outlet depth D of the irrigation, the irrigation hole 16 matched with the water outlet hole 14 is the only water outlet of the irrigation, the only water outlet depth D of the irrigation is larger than the longest root system length at the moment, and the moist body keeps a certain depth from the root system for a certain time; during the period, the roots are dry, and because the roots grow to be fertile towards water, the roots can grow to be deeper and wider, namely to be in the direction of a wet body.
And (3) repeatedly executing Step1-Step3, gradually increasing the pressure of the pressurizing device 1, wherein the pressurizing strength is higher than the last pressurizing strength every time, so that the irrigation depth is pushed to move to a deeper position along with the growth of the root system, the necessary water of the crop can be ensured, the growth of the root system of the crop is guided, the development of the root system is promoted, and the water utilization efficiency is improved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can realize the transverse and longitudinal development of the guide root system, thereby promoting the growth of crops; controlling irrigation quantity and irrigation depth according to different growth periods of crops, reducing evaporation and saving water resources and fertilizers; the irrigation depth and the wetting radius of the irrigation system are variable, so that the application range of a common underground irrigation system can be widened; the contact time of the root system and irrigation water is controlled, so that soil ventilation is facilitated, and root rot is prevented; the douche is arranged inside the branch pipe, so that the problem of blockage of the douche is avoided; the detachable characteristic can make the irrigation system suitable for more occasions, and is convenient for the recovery and storage of the main pipe; can realize the integration of water and fertilizer.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the general structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial detail view of the perforated leg 8 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an internal detail view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a partial detail view of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic three-dimensional view of the hollow piston 12 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a three-dimensional perspective view of the annular emitter 13 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a three-dimensional perspective view of the closure piston 15 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a first schematic view of the present invention, with the arrows indicating the direction of water flow;
FIG. 9 is a second schematic view of the present invention, with the arrows indicating the direction of water flow.
The reference numbers in the figures: 1-pressurizing device, 2-trunk, 3-crop root system, 4-soil surface, 5-closed branch pipe, 6-sliding piston, 7-sliding cavity, 8-perforated branch pipe, 9-water storage bin, 10-shunt pipe, 11-column flow channel, 12-hollow piston, 13-annular irrigator, 14-water outlet hole, 15-closed piston, 16-irrigation hole, 17-opening, 18-perforated branch pipe perforated upper limit, 19-water storage bin water inlet and 20-water inlet inside the annular irrigator.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1-9, a variable depth underground irrigation device for guiding root growth comprises a pressurizing device 1, a main pipe 2, a closed branch pipe 5 and an open branch pipe 8;
irrigation water enters from a water inlet at the left end of the air drying pipe 2, flows to the water storage bin 9 through the cylindrical flow channel 11 of the closed branch pipe 5, flows to the annular irrigator 13 through the flow dividing pipe 10, and finally flows to the irrigation holes 16 of the perforated branch pipe 8 and the lower section trunk pipe from the water outlet hole 14 of the annular irrigator 13; the main pipe 2 is vertically connected with the closed branch pipe 5 in a tee pipe mode; in the closed branch pipe 5, the sliding piston 6 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the closed branch pipe 5, the sliding piston slides in the sliding cavity 7 under the action of water pressure, the cylindrical runner 11 is connected with the water storage bin 9 in the perforated branch pipe 8, the water storage bin 9 in the perforated branch pipe 8 is connected with the shunt pipe 10, the annular emitter 13 is a hollow cylinder, a row of water outlet holes 14 are uniformly formed in the outer curved surface and tightly attached to the inner wall of the perforated branch pipe 8, the shunt pipe 10 is connected to the inner curved surface of the annular emitter 13, the hollow piston 12 is tightly attached to the upper portion of the annular emitter 13, the closed piston 15 is tightly attached to the lower portion of the annular emitter 13.
As a further proposal of the invention, in the closed branch pipe 5, the sliding piston 6 is a hollow cylinder made of elastic waterproof material, the outer edge of the ring-shaped irrigator is tightly attached to the inner wall of the closed branch pipe 5, a cylindrical flow passage 11 in the sliding piston 6 is connected with a water storage bin 9 of the branch pipe 8 with a hole, the water storage bin 9 is connected with four branch pipes 10, the branch pipes 10 are communicated with the inner curved surface of the ring-shaped irrigator 13, a hollow piston 12 and a closed piston 15 are respectively fixed on the upper part and the lower part of the ring-shaped irrigator 13, namely a sliding piston 6, a cylindrical flow passage 11, a water storage bin 9, a shunt pipe 10, an annular douche 13, a hollow piston 12 and a closed piston 15 are connected into a whole, are pushed by water pressure to move in a closed branch pipe 5 and an open branch pipe 8, therefore, the purpose of changing the irrigation depth is achieved, the water outlet pressure of the water outlet hole 14 is changed by combining the adjustment of the water pressure, and the purpose of changing the radius of the wetting body is achieved.
As a further scheme of the invention, the closed branch pipe 5 comprises a sliding piston 6, a sliding cavity 7 and a cylindrical flow passage 11; the sliding piston 6 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the closed branch pipe 5 and slides in the sliding cavity 7; the perforated branch pipe 8 comprises a water storage bin 9, a shunt pipe 10, a hollow piston 12, an annular douche 13 and a closed piston 15; the shell of the closed branch pipe 5 is made of impervious closed material, the shell of the perforated branch pipe 8 is divided into an upper part and a lower part by an annular irrigator 13 at an initial position, the upper part is closed, and the lower part is provided with an irrigation hole 16.
As a further scheme of the invention, according to the arrangement mode that the underground irrigation system is matched with crop planting, the water outlet holes 14 arranged on the annular douche 13 can be manually and selectively opened, and if the water outlet holes 14 are fully opened on the annular douche 13, the variable-depth underground irrigation device for guiding root system growth can be arranged under a single row of crops; if apopore 14 is seted up to half side on the annular emitter 13, the variable depth underground irrigation device of guide root system growth can arrange between two rows of crops, both ends about main pipe 2, seal branch pipe 5, trompil branch pipe 8 both ends are all made and are dismantled the form from top to bottom, can be connected with arbitrary irrigation pipe promptly, realize different irrigation methods, satisfy different irrigation demands.
As a further scheme of the invention, the opening 17 is arranged on the perforated branch pipe 8 and is used for sleeving the cylindrical flow passage 11, the diameter of the cylindrical flow passage 11 is consistent with that of the opening 17, the cylindrical flow passage 11 and the opening 17 are movably connected, the lower half part of the perforated branch pipe 8 is provided with a water filling hole 16, the circular surface of the bottom is closed to prevent leakage, one end of the shunt pipe 10 is communicated with the water storage bin 9, the other end of the shunt pipe is communicated with a water inlet 20 inside the annular water filling device 13, and the specific sizes of the closed branch pipe 5 and the perforated branch pipe 8 can be.
As a further scheme of the invention, the outer diameter of the sliding piston 6 is larger than the opening 17 of the perforated branch pipe, so that the plane of the opening 17 of the perforated branch pipe is the lower limit of the sliding of the piston 6, the connecting surface of the cylindrical flow passage 11 and the water inlet 19 of the water storage bin is circular, the diameter is consistent with that of the cylindrical flow passage 11, the outer diameter of the annular emitter 13 is consistent with the inner diameter of the perforated branch pipe 8, the water outlet 14 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the perforated branch pipe 8 and is attached to the water irrigation holes 16, the aperture of the water irrigation holes 16 is smaller than that of the water outlet 14, and the opening density of the water irrigation holes 16 is larger than that of the water outlet 14, so as to ensure smooth water outlet and.
As a further scheme of the invention, the hollow piston 12, the annular irrigator 13 and the closed piston 15 are fixedly connected and all move together with the cylindrical runner 11, the outer diameters of the three are consistent, the inner diameter of the hollow piston 12 is consistent with the inner diameter of the annular irrigator 13, the three are tightly attached to the inner wall of the perforated branch pipe 8 and are pressurized by the pressurizing device 1 to push the piston 6 to move downwards so as to drive the cylindrical runner 11, the water storage bin 9, the flow divider 10 and the annular irrigator 13 to move along the inner wall of the perforated branch pipe 8, the depth of the water outlet hole 14 on the annular irrigator 13 along with the water outlet hole is the only water outlet depth of the irrigation system, and the irrigation hole 16 matched with the water outlet hole 14 is the only water outlet of the irrigation system.
A method of variable depth sub-irrigation for guiding root growth, the method comprising:
step1, according to the growth rules of different crop roots, in the growth and development process of crops, the pressurizing device 1 pressurizes to push the sliding piston 6 to move downwards to a first depth A, so as to drive the cylindrical runner 11, the water storage bin 9, the flow divider 10 and the annular emitter 13 to move along the inner wall of the perforated branch pipe 8, the depth reached by the water outlet hole 14 on the annular emitter 13 is the only water outlet depth B for irrigation, the irrigation hole 16 matched with the water outlet hole 14 is the only water outlet for irrigation, the water outlet depth B is greater than the longest root length, namely, the moist body is kept at a certain depth from the root system for a certain time (the periphery of the root system is dry during the period, the root system grows to be water fertile, and the root system grows to be deeper and wider, namely, in the direction of the moist body);
step2, when the root system grows and contacts the wetting body, the pressurizing device 1 stops pressurizing, the sliding piston 6 is kept at the first depth A, the cylindrical flow channel 11, the water storage bin 9, the flow divider 10 and the annular emitter 13 also stay at corresponding positions, the water outlet hole 14 on the annular emitter 13 continuously discharges water, the water discharging depth is unchanged at the depth B, the water discharging hole 16 matched with the water outlet hole 14 is the only water outlet of the water discharging system, and the root system is kept in contact with the wetting body for a certain time (during the period, the root system absorbs water, and the water required by the growth of crops is ensured);
step3, after the root system is kept in contact with the moist body for a certain time, the pressurizing device 1 continues pressurizing, the piston 6 is pushed to move downwards to the depth C, the cylindrical flow channel 11, the water storage bin 9, the flow divider 10 and the annular emitter 13 are driven to move along the inner wall of the perforated branch pipe 8, the depth of the water outlet hole 14 on the annular emitter 13 along with the water outlet hole is the only water outlet depth D of the irrigation, the irrigation hole 16 matched with the water outlet hole 14 is the only water outlet of the irrigation, the only water outlet depth D of the irrigation is larger than the longest root system length at the moment, namely, the moist body is kept at a certain depth from the root system for a certain time (the periphery of the root system is dry during the period, and the root system grows to be water fertile, and grows to be deeper and wider, namely, in.
And (3) repeatedly executing Step1-Step3, gradually increasing the pressure of the pressurizing device 1, wherein the pressurizing strength is higher than the last pressurizing strength every time, so that the irrigation depth is pushed to move to a deeper position along with the growth of the root system, the necessary water of the crop can be ensured, the growth of the root system of the crop is guided, the development of the root system is promoted, and the water utilization efficiency is improved.
Furthermore, the irrigation method for guiding the root system to grow and the variable-depth underground irrigation device can be independently separated, namely the irrigation method for guiding the root system to grow can be realized by matching with other irrigation devices, and the variable-depth underground irrigation device can also be used by matching with other irrigation methods.
As shown in figure 1, a main pipe 2 is connected with a pressurizing device 1, laid on the soil surface 4, and a closed branch pipe 5 structure and an open branch pipe 8 are buried underground.
The structure of the closed branch pipe 5 mainly comprises a sliding piston 6, a sliding cavity 7 and a cylindrical runner 11, wherein the sliding piston 6 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the closed branch pipe 5 and slides in the sliding cavity 7; the structure of the branch pipe 8 with the opening mainly comprises a water storage bin 9, a shunt pipe 10, a hollow piston 12, an annular emitter 13 and a closed piston 15, wherein the water storage bin 9 is communicated with a cylindrical flow passage 11 and the shunt pipe 10, the shunt pipe 10 is connected with the annular emitter 13, the annular emitter 13 is provided with a water outlet 14, the outer wall of the branch pipe 8 with the opening is provided with a water filling hole 16, as shown in figure 2, the reference number 18 on the branch pipe 8 with the opening indicates the upper limit of the opening of the branch pipe with the opening. The operation of the pressurizing means 1 can be controlled manually or by computer. The pressurizing device 1 pressurizes to push the sliding piston 6, so as to drive the cylindrical runner 11, the water storage bin 9, the shunt pipe 10 and the annular irrigator 13 to move, and control the water outlet depth and the wetting radius of the perforated branch pipe 8.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various changes and modifications can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a variable depth underground irrigation device that guide root system is grown which characterized in that: comprises a pressurizing device (1), a main pipe (2), a closed branch pipe (5) and a perforated branch pipe (8);
irrigation water enters from a water inlet at the left end of the main pipe (2), flows to the water storage bin (9) through a cylindrical flow channel (11) of the closed branch pipe (5), flows to the annular irrigator (13) through the flow dividing pipe (10), and finally flows to the irrigation holes (16) of the perforated branch pipe (8) and the lower section main pipe from a water outlet hole (14) of the annular irrigator (13); the main pipe (2) is vertically connected with the closed branch pipe (5) in a three-way pipe form; in the closed branch pipe (5), a sliding piston (6) is tightly attached to the inner wall of the closed branch pipe (5), water pressure acts on a sliding cavity (7) to slide, a cylindrical flow channel (11) is connected with a water storage bin (9) in a perforated branch pipe (8), in the perforated branch pipe (8), a shunt pipe (10) is connected to the water storage bin (9), an annular irrigator (13) is a hollow cylinder, a water discharge hole (14) is uniformly formed in an outer curved surface and is tightly attached to the inner wall of the perforated branch pipe (8), the shunt pipe (10) is connected to an inner curved surface of the annular irrigator (13), the upper portion of the annular irrigator (13) is tightly attached to the hollow piston (12), the lower portion of the annular irrigator is tightly attached to the closed piston (15), and water filling holes (16) are uniformly.
2. The variable depth subirrigation apparatus for guiding root growth according to claim 1, wherein: in the closed branch pipe (5), a sliding piston (6) is a hollow cylinder made of elastic waterproof material, the outer edge of the sliding piston is tightly attached to the inner wall of the closed branch pipe (5), a cylindrical flow passage (11) in the sliding piston (6) is connected with a water storage bin (9) of the perforated branch pipe (8), the water storage bin (9) is connected with four shunt pipes (10), the shunt pipes (10) are communicated with the inner curved surface of an annular irrigator (13), a hollow piston (12) and a closed piston (15) are respectively fixed above and below the annular irrigator (13), namely the sliding piston (6), the cylindrical flow passage (11), the water storage bin (9), the shunt pipes (10), the annular irrigator (13), the hollow piston (12) and the closed piston (15) are connected into a whole and are pushed by water pressure to move in the closed branch pipe (5) and the perforated branch pipe (8), so as to achieve the purpose of changing the water filling depth, the water pressure is adjusted to change the water outlet pressure of the water outlet hole (14), so that the purpose of changing the radius of the wetting body is achieved.
3. The variable depth subirrigation apparatus for guiding root growth according to claim 1, wherein: the closed branch pipe (5) comprises a sliding piston (6), a sliding cavity (7) and a cylindrical flow passage (11); the sliding piston (6) is tightly attached to the inner wall of the closed branch pipe (5) and slides in the sliding cavity (7); the perforated branch pipe (8) comprises a water storage bin (9), a shunt pipe (10), a hollow piston (12), an annular douche (13) and a closed piston (15); the shell of the closed branch pipe (5) is made of impervious closed material, the shell of the perforated branch pipe (8) is divided into an upper part and a lower part by an annular irrigator (13) at an initial position, the upper part is closed, and the lower part is provided with an irrigation hole (16).
4. The variable depth subirrigation apparatus for guiding root growth according to claim 1, wherein: according to the arrangement mode that the underground irrigation system is matched with crop planting, water outlet holes (14) formed in the annular irrigator (13) can be manually and selectively opened, and if the water outlet holes (14) are fully formed in the annular irrigator (13), the variable-depth underground irrigation device for guiding root system growth can be arranged under a single row of crops; if apopore (14) are seted up to half side on annular emitter (13), the variable depth underground irrigation device of guide root system growth can arrange between two rows of crops, both ends about main pipe (2), seal branch pipe (5), trompil branch pipe (8) both ends all make and to dismantle the form from top to bottom, can be connected with arbitrary irrigation pipe promptly, realize different irrigation methods, satisfy different irrigation demands.
5. The variable depth subirrigation apparatus for guiding root growth according to claim 1, wherein: set up opening (17) on trompil branch pipe (8) for suit cylindricality runner (11), cylindricality runner (11) diameter is unanimous with opening (17), both swing joint, the hole of watering (16) are seted up to trompil branch pipe (8) lower half, the bottom disc seals, prevent the seepage, shunt tubes (10) one end communicates in store water storehouse (9), the other end communicates in water inlet (20) of annular emitter (13) inside, seal the concrete size of branch pipe (5) and trompil branch pipe (8), the homoenergetic changes according to the change of crop kind.
6. The variable depth subirrigation apparatus for guiding root growth according to claim 1, wherein: the outer diameter of the sliding piston (6) is larger than the opening (17) of the perforated branch pipe, so that the plane of the opening (17) of the perforated branch pipe is the lower limit of the sliding of the piston (6), the connecting surface of the cylindrical flow passage (11) and the water inlet (19) of the water storage bin is circular, the diameter of the connecting surface is consistent with that of the cylindrical flow passage (11), the outer diameter of the annular emitter (13) is consistent with the inner diameter of the perforated branch pipe (8), the water outlet hole (14) is tightly attached to the inner wall of the perforated branch pipe (8) and is attached to the water filling hole (16), the aperture of the water filling hole (16) is smaller than that of the water outlet hole (14), the opening density of the water filling hole (16) is larger than that of the water outlet hole (14), so as to ensure the smooth water outlet and.
7. The variable depth subirrigation apparatus for guiding root growth according to claim 1, wherein: the hollow piston (12), the annular irrigator (13) and the closed piston (15) are fixedly connected and move together along with the cylindrical runner (11), the outer diameters of the three are consistent, the inner diameter of the hollow piston (12) is consistent with the inner diameter of the annular irrigator (13), the three are tightly attached to the inner wall of the perforated branch pipe (8) and are pressurized by the pressurizing device (1), the piston (6) is pushed to move downwards to drive the cylindrical runner (11), the water storage bin (9), the flow divider (10) and the annular irrigator (13) to move along the inner wall of the perforated branch pipe (8), the depth of the water outlet hole (14) on the annular irrigator (13) reaches is the only water outlet depth of the irrigation system, and the irrigation hole (16) which is matched with the water outlet hole (14) is the only water outlet of the irrigation system.
8. A variable-depth underground irrigation method for guiding root growth is characterized in that: the irrigation method comprises the following steps:
step1, according to the growth rules of different crop roots, in the growth and development process of crops, the pressurizing device (1) pressurizes to push the sliding piston (6) to move downwards to a first depth A, so as to drive the cylindrical runner (11), the water storage bin (9), the flow divider (10) and the annular irrigator (13) to move along the inner wall of the perforated branch pipe (8), the depth of a water outlet hole (14) on the annular irrigator (13) along with the water outlet hole is the only water outlet depth B for irrigation, the irrigation hole (16) matched with the water outlet hole (14) is the only water outlet for irrigation, the water outlet depth B is larger than the length of the longest root system, namely, a wetting body keeps a certain depth for a certain time from the root system; during the period, the periphery of the root system is dry, and the root system grows deeper and wider due to the fertilizer property towards water, namely the root system grows towards a moist body;
step2, when the root system grows and contacts the wetting body, the pressurizing device (1) stops pressurizing, the sliding piston (6) is kept at a first depth A, the cylindrical flow channel (11), the water storage bin (9), the flow divider (10) and the annular emitter (13) stay at corresponding positions, the water outlet hole (14) on the annular emitter (13) continuously emits water, the water outlet depth is unchanged at a depth B, the irrigation hole (16) matched with the water outlet hole (14) is the only water outlet of the irrigation system, and the root system is kept in contact with the wetting body for a certain time; during the period, the root system absorbs water to ensure the water needed by the growth of crops;
step3, after the root system is kept in contact with the moist body for a certain time, the pressurizing device (1) continues pressurizing, the piston (6) is pushed to move downwards to a depth C, the cylindrical flow channel (11), the water storage bin (9), the flow divider (10) and the annular irrigator (13) are driven to move along the inner wall of the perforated branch pipe (8), the depth of the water outlet hole (14) on the annular irrigator (13) reaches is the only water outlet depth D of the irrigation, the irrigation hole (16) which is matched with the water outlet hole (14) is the only water outlet of the irrigation, the only water outlet depth D of the irrigation is larger than the longest root system length at the moment, namely, the moist body keeps a certain depth from the root system for a certain time; during the period, the roots are dry, and because the roots grow to be fertile towards water, the roots can grow to be deeper and wider, namely to be in the direction of a wet body.
9. The method of variable depth sub-irrigation for directing root growth as claimed in claim 8, wherein: and (2) repeatedly executing Step1-Step3, gradually increasing the pressure of the pressurizing device (1), wherein the pressurizing strength is higher than the last pressurizing strength every time, so that the irrigation depth is pushed to move to a deeper position along with the growth of the root system, the necessary water of the crop can be ensured, the growth of the root system of the crop is guided, the development of the root system is promoted, and the water utilization efficiency is improved.
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| CN114946621A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-08-30 | 北华航天工业学院 | Portable root irrigation control system |
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