CN112041176A - 用于印刷和干燥香料和香精的系统和方法 - Google Patents
用于印刷和干燥香料和香精的系统和方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN112041176A CN112041176A CN201980029411.4A CN201980029411A CN112041176A CN 112041176 A CN112041176 A CN 112041176A CN 201980029411 A CN201980029411 A CN 201980029411A CN 112041176 A CN112041176 A CN 112041176A
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Abstract
本发明提供了用于印刷和干燥香料和香精的系统和方法。所述系统和方法包括香料或香精源、适合于印刷香料或香精的印刷组件、直接接收印刷的香料或香精的可移动产品输送机和干燥部件。随着可移动产品输送机通过干燥部件或在干燥部件附近通过,印刷的香料或香精被干燥,由此提供自由流动的香料或香精产品。
Description
背景技术
本专利申请要求2018年5月1日提交的美国临时申请系列号62/665,206的优先权权益,其内容整体结合于此。
通常将高强度香料和香精(其范围可以从低粘度材料到高粘度材料)干燥以便于其使用(供应链方面的考量、剂量、储存和稳定性等)。传统上,干燥通过以下两种方法中的一种完成。第一种是真空盘式干燥并且第二种是常规喷雾干燥。二者都具有优点和限制。
真空盘式干燥的最大益处在于其可以在不具有载体的情况下进行,由此制备具有高负载的香料。参见US 8,137,504、US 7,988,819、US 8,137,724、US 4,588,598和US 4,282,263。在众多限制中,真空盘式干燥通常需要诸如长时间(例如,24小时)和高温(例如,>290℃)的条件,这二者均不利于香料的质量和可靠性。此外,真空盘式干燥系统通常需要较大的占地面积和相当长的循环时间。另外,装载和卸下托盘以及搬运产品可能涉及大量的体力劳动。
喷雾干燥的最大益处在于其比真空盘式干燥更具成本效益。该过程可以以连续的方式进行并且减少了体力劳动量。喷雾干燥的一个明显限制在于,鉴于与喷雾干燥有关的粉尘爆炸风险,可以限制香精或香料负载量。对于挥发性香料的囊封,喷雾干燥的最大安全极限为25%。对于挥发性较小的材料(诸如香精油),该负载极限可能更高。
因此,在本领域中需要生成高强度香料和香精的干燥制剂的替代方法。
发明内容
本发明提供了用于印刷和干燥香料和香精的系统和方法。根据本发明的方法,将香料或香精印刷在可移动产品输送机上,该可移动产品输送机直接接收印刷的香料或香精;并且香料或香精在可移动产品输送机上干燥以产生干燥产品。类似地,本发明的系统包括香料或香精源;适合于印刷香料或香精的印刷组件;干燥部件;和可移动产品输送机,所述可移动产品输送机直接接收印刷的香料或香精并且与干燥部件相邻。在一些实施方案中,香料或香精源是与载体和溶剂混合的香料或香精。在其他实施方案中,将香料或香精囊封在任选地与载体和溶剂混合的芯-壳微胶囊(例如,二氧化硅微胶囊或聚丙烯酸酯微胶囊)中。在另外的实施方案中,香料是食品或反应香料。在某些实施方案中,香料或香精的粘度大于500cP或大于1000cP。关于印刷组件,所述印刷组件可以包括印刷头或喷嘴阵列并且任选地适合于将香料或香精印刷成点图案(例如,布置成促进干燥、后加工和产品质量)和/或印刷粘度为至少500cP或至少1000cP的香料或香精。在一些实施方案中,可移动产品输送机是不粘带。在其他实施方案中,供应至干燥部件的空气的温度低于100℃。所述系统的任选的特征包括:除湿器,其被配置成向干燥部件供应干燥空气;补充能源(例如,辐射热源),其用于促进印刷的香料或香精的干燥;和/或产品卸载部件,其用于从可移动产品输送机中移除干燥产品。
附图简述
图1示出了用于印刷和干燥香料和香精的系统10。
图2示出了本发明的系统10,其具有任选的部件,包括:用于在加工的同时使进料悬浮液保持均匀的混合器22,进料泵70,用于加热入口空气42的空气加热器80,被配置成向干燥部件供应干燥入口空气的空气除湿器90,用于促进印刷的香料或香精24的干燥的补充能源100,以及用于从可移动产品输送机50中移除干燥产品60的产品卸载部件110。
图3示出了印刷成图案或阵列的多个香料或香精点。
发明详述
现在已经开发出用于以离散的预定形状印刷和干燥香料和香精的系统和方法。印刷个别的形状使得表面完整性得以保持,由此保持稳定性以及香料或香精的受控释放。此外,由于具有处理高粘度乳液或悬浮液的能力,印刷能够具有更宽的制剂灵活性。特别地,印刷大于425微米的精确尺寸的颗粒可以避免粉尘爆炸危险,从而允许增加香料和香精负载量。此外,由于本系统不受通常与雾化有关的粘度限制的阻碍,因此进料固体可以增加至65%以上。因此,该系统允许包含天然载体或者水果和蔬菜泥或浓缩物。另外,本发明的系统可以在温和的干燥条件下操作以提供高水平的挥发性化合物保留。
参照图1,本发明的系统10包括香料或香精源20;适合于印刷香料或香精的印刷组件30;具有空气入口42和出口44的干燥部件40;和直接接收印刷的香料或香精24的可移动产品输送机50。随着可移动产品输送机50通过干燥部件40或在干燥部件40附近通过,印刷的香料或香精24通过由空气入口42供应的干燥空气46干燥,并且产生自由流动的香料或香精产品60。
香料或香精源可以是容纳进料的器皿、容器或罐,所述进料包含至少一种溶质,特别是至少一种香料和/或香精。如本文中使用的,术语“进料”意指由溶解在溶剂中的至少一种溶质构成的溶液;由溶剂中的至少一种溶质构成的悬浮液,其中至少一部分溶质悬浮在溶剂中或者并未溶解在溶剂中;由溶剂中的至少一种不溶性物质构成的浆料;或由两种不混溶的液体构成的乳液,其中一种以小液滴的形式分散在另一种中。
在一个实施方案中,进料包括至少一种香料和/或香精以及至少一种溶剂。在另一个实施方案中,进料由至少一种香料或香精以及至少一种溶剂组成,或者基本上由其组成。在一些实施方案中,进料是(完全或部分)溶解在溶剂中的香料和/或香精的溶液。在其他实施方案中,进料是香料和/或香精颗粒在溶剂中的悬浮液或浆料。在另外的实施方案中,进料是至少一种香料和/或香精以及溶剂的乳液。
如本文中使用的,术语“溶剂”意指可以用于溶解溶质(特别是至少一种香料或香精)的化合物。在一个实施方案中,溶剂是挥发性的,具有150℃以下的环境压力沸点。在另一个实施方案中,溶剂具有100℃以下的环境压力沸点。合适的溶剂包括:水;醇,诸如甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、异丙醇和丁醇;酮,诸如丙酮、甲基乙基酮和甲基异丁基酮;酯,诸如乙酸乙酯和乙酸丙酯;以及多种其他溶剂,诸如四氢呋喃、乙腈、二氯甲烷、甲苯和1,1,1-三氯乙烷。也可以是使用挥发性较低的溶剂,诸如二甲基乙酰胺或二甲亚砜,其通常与挥发性溶剂组合。也可以使用有机溶剂的混合物(诸如50%甲醇50%丙酮),就像可以使用有机溶剂与水的混合物。理想地,溶剂是水。然而,在一些实施方案中,溶剂含有小于50重量%的水。在另一个实施方案中,溶剂含有小于25重量%的水。在再一个实施方案中,溶剂含有小于10重量%的水。在又一个实施方案中,溶剂含有小于5重量%的水。在另一个实施方案中,溶剂基本上不含有水。溶剂选择可以基于待溶解的溶质和/或其他考量诸如可燃性或干燥期间释放的废气挥发性有机化合物。
在另一个实施方案中,进料是与至少一种载体和至少一种溶剂混合的至少一种香料和/或香精。在另一个实施方案中,进料由至少一种香料或香精、至少一种溶剂和至少一种载体组成,或者基本上由其组成。在一些实施方案中,进料是(完全或部分)溶解在溶剂中的香料和/或香精和载体的溶液。在另一个实施方案中,进料是至少一种香料和/或香精、载体和溶剂的乳液。在另外的实施方案中,进料是香料或香精颗粒的悬浮液或浆料,所述香料或香精颗粒悬浮在溶解于溶剂中的载体的溶液中。将认识到在这样的进料悬浮液中,一部分香料或香精和载体可以在进料悬浮液的温度下溶解直到其溶解度极限。在一些实施方案中,进料由胶体材料、溶解的材料及其混合物构成。在其他实施方案中,进料不包括悬浮液,意指进料不含有直径大于1000nm的晶体或固体材料。在该实施方案中,进料包括溶解的材料、胶体材料及其混合物。在另一个实施方案中,进料由溶解的材料构成。
如本文中使用的,术语“载体”是指以下材料,其保护香料或香精免受UV、湿气、氧化和/或损失影响;改善加工生产率、Tg、密度、孔隙率和/或香料或香精强度;和/或提供如为特定最终用途应用所设计的香料或香精的受控释放。载体可以是单体、低聚物或聚合物材料,诸如糖、糖衍生物、改性淀粉、蛋白质、纤维素、盐、糊精、树胶、糖醇、多元醇、肽、酸、碳水化合物、胶体或水胶体。合适的材料的具体实例包括:糖,诸如蔗糖、葡萄糖、乳糖、左旋糖、海藻糖、果糖、麦芽糖、核糖、右旋糖、异麦芽糖醇(isomalt)、山梨糖醇、甘露糖醇、木糖醇、乳糖醇、麦芽糖醇、阿拉伯糖、戊糖、木糖、半乳糖;氢化淀粉水解产物;菊粉(inulin);氢化玉米糖浆;寡糖,诸如低聚果糖;麦芽糖糊精或糊精(可溶性纤维);多糖,诸如葡聚糖、支链淀粉(pullulan)、果聚糖、甘露聚糖、壳多糖、聚右旋糖、fleximer(葡聚糖的开环形式);水胶体,诸如琼脂、阿拉伯树胶、改性阿拉伯树胶、藻酸钠、藻酸钾、藻酸铵、藻酸钙或角叉菜胶;树胶;聚右旋糖;未衍生化的纤维素和衍生化的纤维素,诸如甲基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、乙酸纤维素、乙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、邻苯二甲酸羟丙基甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素、羧甲基乙基纤维素、琥珀酸乙酸羟丙基甲基纤维素、邻苯二甲酸乙酸纤维素和偏苯三酸乙酸纤维素;未衍生化的淀粉和改性淀粉,诸如以商品名(辛烯基丁二酸氢盐淀粉糊精;National Starch,USA)或销售的改性淀粉、乙酸淀粉和羧甲基淀粉;蛋白质,诸如明胶、豌豆蛋白、大豆和乳清蛋白分离物和水解产物以及酪蛋白酸钠;及其衍生物和混合物。还包括合成载体,诸如聚丙烯酸酯和聚甲基丙烯酸酯、乙烯基赋形剂、聚乙烯、聚氧乙烯、聚丙烯、聚酰胺、聚酯、聚碳酸酯及其衍生物和取代形式。除其他因素外,可以基于期望的风味或香味、味道或气味的真实性以及要达到的强度来选择载体。在某些实施方案中,载体为干燥产品的至少50%、55%、60%、70%、80%或90%。在其他实施方案中,载体为干燥产品的小于50%、45%、40%、35%、30%或25%(例如,小于20%、15%、10%、5%或1%)。在其他实施方案中,干燥产品不包括载体。
用于本发明的香料或香精可以采用以下形式:任选地与载体和/或溶剂混合的油的单一原料或共混物;囊封香料或香精,即芯-壳微胶囊;食品,例如果泥或菜泥;反应香料,或其组合。
油的单一原料或共混物包括:提取物,天然存在的植物和动物油和渗出液,包括各种化学组分(诸如醛或醇以及高极性的酯、酮或内酯)的复杂混合物。可以包括的香料的实例是乙醛、二甲基硫醚、乙酸乙酯、丙酸乙酯、丁酸甲酯和丁酸乙酯。含有挥发醛或酯的香料包括例如乙酸肉桂酯、肉桂醛、柠檬醛、乙醛缩二乙醇、乙酸二氢香芹酯、甲酸丁香酚酯和对甲基苯甲醚。在香料油中可以存在的挥发性化合物的另外的实例包括:乙醛(苹果);苯甲醛(樱桃、杏仁);肉桂醛(肉桂);柠檬醛,即α柠檬醛(柠檬、酸橙);橙花醛,即β柠檬醛(柠檬、酸橙);癸醛(橙、柠檬);乙基香草醛(香草、奶油);天芥菜精,即胡椒醛(香草、奶油);香草醛(香草、奶油);α-戊基肉桂醛(香的果味);丁醛(黄油、奶酪);戊醛(黄油、奶酪);香茅醛(改性剂,许多类型);癸醛(柑橘类水果);醛C-8(柑橘类水果);醛C-9(柑橘类水果);醛C-12(柑橘类水果);2-乙基丁醛(浆果);己烯醛,即反式-2(浆果);甲苯醛(樱桃、杏仁);藜芦醛(香草);2,6-二甲基-5-庚烯醛,即甜瓜醛(甜瓜);2-6-二甲基辛醛(绿色水果);和2-十二烯醛(柑橘、橘子);樱桃;或葡萄,及其混合物。香料还包括来源于多香果、罗勒、辣椒、肉桂、丁香、小茴香、莳萝、大蒜、马郁兰、肉豆蔻、红辣椒、黑胡椒、迷迭香和姜黄的香辛料油树脂;精油,大茴香油、页蒿油、丁香油、桉树油、小茴香油、大蒜油、姜油、薄荷油、洋葱油、胡椒油、迷迭香油、留兰香油、柑橘油、橙油、柠檬油、苦橙油、红柑油(tangerine oil);葱味香料,大蒜、韭葱、细香葱和洋葱;植物提取物,山金车花提取物、洋甘菊花提取物、啤酒花提取物、金盏花提取物;植物香料提取物,黑莓、菊苣根、可可、咖啡、可乐树、甘草根、玫瑰果、菝葜根、美洲檫木树皮;罗望子和香草提取物,蛋白质水解产物,水解的植物蛋白,肉蛋白水解产物,奶蛋白水解产物,和天然和人工的复合香料,包括在S.Heath,Source Book of Flavors,Avi Publishing Co.,Westport Conn.,1981,第149-277页中公开的那些。
香精油的实例包括但不限于:动物香精,诸如麝香油、灵猫香(civet)、海狸香、龙涎香;植物香精,诸如肉豆蔻提取物、小豆蔻提取物、姜提取物、肉桂提取物、广藿香油、天竺葵油、橙油、柑橘油、橙花提取物、雪松(cedarwood)、香根草、杂薰衣草(lavandin)、依兰提取物、晚香玉提取物、檀香油、香柠檬油、迷迭香油、留兰香油、薄荷油、柠檬油、薰衣草油、香茅油、洋甘菊油、丁香油、鼠尾草油、橙花油、岩蔷薇油、桉树油、马鞭草油、含羞草提取物、水仙提取物、胡萝卜籽提取物、茉莉提取物、乳香提取物、玫瑰提取物及其混合物。合适的香精油的其他实例包括但不限于:化学物质,诸如苯乙酮、阿道克醛(adoxal)、醛C-12、醛C-14、醛C-18、辛酸烯丙酯、龙涎呋喃(ambroxan)、乙酸戊酯、二甲基茚满衍生物、α-戊基肉桂醛、茴香脑、茴香醛、苯甲醛、乙酸苄酯、苄醇及酯衍生物、丙酸苄酯、水杨酸苄酯、龙脑、乙酸丁酯、樟脑、卡必醇、肉桂醛、乙酸肉桂酯、肉桂醇、顺式-3-己醇及酯衍生物、顺式-3-己烯基甲基碳酸酯、柠檬醛、香茅醇及酯衍生物、枯茗醛、兔耳草醛、环格蓬酯(cyclo galbanate)、大马酮(damascones)、癸内酯、癸醇、草蒿脑(estragole)、二氢月桂烯醇、二甲基苄基原醇、6,8-二甲基-2-壬醇、丁酸二甲基苄基甲酯、乙酸乙酯、异丁酸乙酯、丁酸乙酯、丙酸乙酯、辛酸乙酯、肉桂酸乙酯、己酸乙酯、戊酸乙酯、乙基香草醛、丁香酚、环十五内酯、小茴香酮(fenchone)、果味酯诸如2-甲基丁酸乙酯、加乐麝香(galaxolide)、香叶醇(geraniol)及酯衍生物、新洋茉莉醛(helional)、2-庚酮、己烯醇、α-己基肉桂醛、羟基香茅醛、吲哚、乙酸异戊酯、乙酸异丁香酚酯、紫罗酮、异丁香酚、异戊酸异戊酯、龙涎酮(iso E super)、柠檬烯、芳樟醇、铃兰醛、乙酸芳樟酯、新铃兰醛(lyral)、美研醇(majantol)、五月铃兰醇(mayol)、甜瓜醛、薄荷醇、对甲基苯乙酮、邻氨基苯甲酸甲酯、甲基柏木酮(methyl cedrylone)、二氢茉莉酮酸甲酯、甲基丁香酚、甲基紫罗酮、甲基-β-萘基酮、乙酸甲基苯基甲酯、新铃兰醇(mugetanol)、γ-壬内酯、辛醛、乙酸苯乙酯、苯乙醛二甲基乙酸酯、异丁酸苯氧基乙酯、苯基乙基醇、蒎烯、檀香(sandalore)、檀香醇、榄青酮(stemone)、麝香草酚(thymol)、萜烯、女贞醛(triplal)、柠檬酸三乙酯、3,3,5-三甲基环己醇,γ-十一碳烷酸内酯、十一碳烯醛、香草醛、凡路酮(veloutone)、verdox及其混合物。另外的合适的香精油可以在US 4,145,184、US 4,209,417、US 4,515,705和US 4,152,272中找到。
芯-壳微胶囊是指球形微粒(即直径为50nm至2mm),其具有被完全不同于芯材料的材料包围的芯。根据本发明,微胶囊的芯包括任选地与载体和/或溶剂混合的香料或香精。在一个实施方案中,芯是单一香料或香精或者香料和/或香精的共混物。在另一个实施方案中,芯是食品。在另外的实施方案中,芯是反应香料。在又一个实施方案中,含有囊封的香料或香精的芯-壳微胶囊与载体和/或溶剂混合。
适当的壳材料的选择可以取决于所得微胶囊的所需物理和/或化学性质。当选择壁聚合物时,应考虑产品需求,即稳定性、降低的挥发性、释放特性、环境条件等。聚合物应能够形成与芯材料粘结的膜。它应与芯材料化学相容、不发生反应,并且提供所需壁性质,诸如强度、柔性、不渗透性、光学性质和稳定性。
通常,亲水性聚合物、疏水性聚合物、两亲性聚合物或其组合用于微囊封方法。合适的壁材料包括但不限于:聚乙烯醇、邻苯二甲酸乙酸纤维素、聚丙烯酸酯、聚脲、聚氨酯、聚酰胺、聚烯烃、淀粉或改性淀粉、蛋白质(例如,明胶)、二氧化硅(例如,溶胶-凝胶)、脂肪酸、脂质、蜡、纤维素或改性纤维素(例如,乙基纤维素)、树胶(例如,阿拉伯树胶)、橡胶、三聚氰胺-甲醛、聚苯乙烯和聚酯或者这些材料的组合。壁厚度可以根据待涂覆的芯材料的表面积和系统的其他物理特性而有很大变化。可以通过任何合适的方法来制备微胶囊,所述方法包括喷雾干燥、挤出、流化床、凝聚等。微胶囊的制备是本领域中已知的并且在例如Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology,第5版以及在US 2,800,457、US 3,870,542、US 3,516,941、US 3,415,758、US 3,041,288、US 5,112,688、US 6,329,057、US6,261,483、US 2007/0138674和WO 2017/058875中描述。在特别的实施方案中,芯-壳微胶囊是二氧化硅微胶囊。在另一个实施方案中,芯-壳微胶囊是聚丙烯酸酯微胶囊。
食品包括水果、蔬菜、花蜜、花蜜来源或汁液来源的产品(诸如糖浆)或其任何组合的固体。水果和蔬菜固体可以从果泥/菜泥和/或果汁中获得。植物来源的产品可以进一步包括天然颜色和/或天然风味。如本文中使用的,术语“天然的”意指来源于水果或蔬菜。如本领域中常规的那样,花蜜是指植物在(于花内找到)的称为蜜腺的腺体中产生的富含糖的液体。糖浆是指主要由糖和水构成的粘稠液体。可以通过提炼天然甜汁(诸如甘蔗汁或枫树汁)来制成糖浆。合适的水果、蔬菜、花蜜和花蜜来源或汁液来源的食品包括但不限于:苹果(apple)、杏(apricot)、香蕉(banana)、蓝莓(blueberries)、西兰花(broccoli)、绿甘蓝(green cabbage)、红甘蓝(red cabbage)、胡萝卜(carrots)、哈密瓜(cantaloupe)、花椰菜(cauliflower)、樱桃(cherries)、芹菜(celery)、越橘(cranberries)、黄瓜(cucumber)、葡萄(grapes)、茄子(eggplant)、葡萄柚(grapefruit)、卷心莴苣(iceburg lettuce)、橙(oranges)、豌豆(peas)、桃(peaches)、胡椒(peppers)、梨(pear)、马铃薯(potato)、菠萝(pineapple)、萝卜(radish)、李子(plum)、菠菜(spinach)、树莓(raspberries)、绿皮西葫芦(zucchini)、草莓(strawberries)、番茄(tomato)、西瓜(watermelon)、巴西莓(acai)、黑加仑(black currant)、猕猴桃(kiwi)、柠檬(lemon)、酸橙(lime)、芒果(mango)、石榴(pomegranate)、刺梨(prickly pear)、芦笋(asparagus)、甜菜(beet)、冬南瓜(butternutsquash)、牛皮菜(chard)、羽衣甘蓝(kale)、甘薯(sweet potato)、龙舌兰糖浆(agavesyrup)、枫糖浆(maple syrup)及其组合。考虑到这些食品中的许多可以含有70至96%(w/w)的水以及4至30%(w/w)的固体,某些实施方案提供了不包括外源溶剂或载体的食品。然而,在其他实施方案中,待印刷和干燥的食品包括外源溶剂、外源载体或者外源溶剂和载体。
反应香料是由于将起始材料(诸如碳水化合物、蛋白质和脂肪)的混合物加热足够长的一段时间以得到所需特性而生成的那些香料。反应香料通过化学反应形成,诸如美拉德反应(Maillard reactions)、席夫碱反应(Schiff base reactions)、斯特雷克反应(Strecker reactions)和焦糖化反应和/或其他有益的香料反应。可以用于开发反应香料的材料包括但不限于脂质或脂肪、还原糖、游离氨基酸、替代蛋白源(诸如水解植物蛋白质(HVP)或酵母自溶物)和少量的水以引发反应。合适的氨基酸是天然的或非天然的、标准的或衍生的。实例包括甘氨酸、丙氨酸、缬氨酸、亮氨酸、异亮氨酸、丝氨酸、半胱氨酸、硒代半胱氨酸、苏氨酸、蛋氨酸、脯氨酸、苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸、色氨酸、组氨酸、赖氨酸、精氨酸、天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、天冬酰胺、谷氨酰胺、5-羟色氨酸(5-HTP)、L-二羟基-苯丙氨酸(L-DOPA)和依氟鸟氨酸。还原糖是具有醛基或能够通过异构在溶液中形成醛基的那些。醛基使得糖在美拉德反应中起到还原剂的作用,这对许多食品的褐变很重要。环状半缩醛形式的醛糖可以打开以露出醛,并且某些酮糖可以进行互变异构化以变为醛糖。还原糖的实例包括葡萄糖、果糖、木糖、甘油醛、半乳糖、乳糖、阿拉伯糖、麦芽糖、葡萄糖聚合物诸如淀粉、水解淀粉和淀粉-衍生物如葡萄糖浆、麦芽糖糊精和糊精。用于生产反应香料的方法是本领域中已知的并且公开于例如US 2017/0027205中。
在某些实施方案中,待印刷的香料或香精进料含有按重量计1%至50%、或更优选10%至40%、或最优选20%至40%的香料或香精。当包括载体时,香料或香精进料的固体可以在10%至80%、或更优选20%至65%、或最优选30%至50%的范围内。在某些实施方案中,香料或香精进料的进料固体含量为至少50%、60%、70%或80%。可以通过使用或多或少的溶剂来调节香料和/或载体的量,这取决于载体材料的溶解度和与系统有效运行有关的各种因素。
备选地,或者除香料和香精以外,进料可以包括其他活性材料。这些材料包括诸如以下的成分:掩味剂、味觉感知剂、酸化剂、甜味剂、维生素、染料、着色剂、颜料、表面活性剂、抗氧化剂、抗炎剂、麻醉剂、止痛剂、抗真菌剂、抗生素、抗病毒剂、抗寄生虫剂、酶和辅酶、抗组胺剂和化疗剂。
掩味剂是用于掩蔽一种或多种令人不愉快的味道感觉,特别是苦、涩和/或金属味道感觉或余味的物质,该物质可以是根据本发明的产品的成分。实例包括乳糖醇(lactisol)(2-O-(4-甲氧基苯基)乳酸];参见US 5,045,336),2,4-二羟基苯甲酸钾盐(参见US 5,643,941),姜提取物(参见GB 2,380,936),新橙皮碱二氢查尔酮,特定的黄酮(2-苯基色-2-烯-4-酮;参见US 5,580,545),特定的核苷酸例如胞苷-5’-单磷酸(CMP;参见US2002/0177576),特定的钠盐诸如氯化钠、柠檬酸钠、乙酸钠和乳酸钠,β-乳球蛋白和磷脂酸的脂蛋白,新香叶木苷(neodiosmine)(5,7-二羟基-2-(4-甲氧基-3-羟基苯基)-7-O-新橙皮糖基-色-2-烯-4-酮;参见4,154,862),优选羟基黄烷酮诸如2-(4-羟基苯基)-5,7-二羟基色满-4-酮(柚皮素(naringenin))、2-(3,4-二羟基苯基)-5,7-二羟基色满-4-酮(圣草酚(eriodictyol))、2-(3,4-二羟基苯基)-5-羟基-7-甲氧基色满-4-酮(圣草酚-7-甲醚)、2-(3,4-二羟基苯基)-7-羟基-5-甲氧基色满-4-酮(圣草酚-5-甲醚)和2-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基)-5,7-二羟基色满-4-酮(高圣草酚(homoeriodictyol))、它们的(2S)-或(2R)-对映体或它们的混合物以及它们与作为抗衡阳离子的Na+、K+、NH4+、Ca2+、Mg2+或Al3+的单价或多价酚盐或γ-氨基丁酸(4-氨基丁酸,作为中性形式(“内盐”)或者羧酸盐或铵形式)。参见WO2005/096841。
味觉感知剂包括热的味觉、引起分泌唾液的物质、引起温暖或刺痛感觉的物质和冷却活性成分。热的味觉和/或引起分泌唾液的物质和/或引起在皮肤上或在粘膜上的温暖和/或刺痛感觉并且可以作为干燥产品的成分的物质的实例包括:辣椒素,二氢辣椒素,姜辣素,非洲豆蔻醇(paradol),姜烯酚(shogaol),胡椒碱,羧酸-N-香荚兰胺(vanillylamide),特别是壬酸-N-香荚兰胺,锯齿菊除虫素(pellitorin)或千日菊素(spilanthol),2-壬酸酰胺,特别是2-壬酸-N-异丁酰胺、2-壬酸-N-4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯酰胺,4-羟基-3-甲氧基苄醇的烷基醚,特别是4-羟基-3-甲氧基苄基-正丁基醚,4-酰氧基-3-甲氧基苄醇的烷基醚,特别是4-乙酰氧基-3-甲氧基苄基-正丁基醚和4-乙酰氧基-3-甲氧基苄基-正己基醚,3-羟基-4-甲氧基苄醇的烷基醚,3,4-二甲氧基苄醇的烷基醚,3-乙氧基-4-羟基苄醇的烷基醚,3,4-亚甲基二氧基苄醇的烷基醚,(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基)乙酸酰胺,特别是(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基)乙酸-N-正辛酰胺,香草扁桃酸烷基酰胺,阿魏酸-苯乙酰胺,烟碱醛(nicotinaldehyde),烟酸甲酯,烟酸丙酯,烟酸2-丁氧基乙酯,烟酸苄酯,1-乙酰氧基蒌叶酚,水蓼二醛(polygodial)和异十氢三甲基萘并呋喃醇(isodrimeninol),更优选根据WO 2004/000787或WO 2004/043906的顺式-和/或反式-锯齿菊除虫素,根据WO2005/044778的烯烃羧酸-N-烷基酰胺,根据WO 03/106404的扁桃酸烷基酰胺或根据WO2006/003210的烷氧基烷酸酰胺。优选的热的味觉的天然提取物和/或引起在皮肤上或在粘膜上的温暖和/或刺痛感觉并且可以作为根据本发明的产品的成分的天然提取物的实例包括:红辣椒(paprika)的提取物、辣椒(pepper)的提取物(例如辣椒(capsicum)提取物)、红辣椒(chili pepper)的提取物、姜根的提取物、非洲豆蔻(Aframomum melgueta)的提取物、金纽扣(Spilanthes-acmella)的提取物、山奈(Kaempferia galangal)的提取物或大高良姜(Alpinia galanga)的提取物。
合适的冷却活性成分包括以下:1-薄荷醇、d-薄荷醇、外消旋薄荷醇、薄荷酮甘油缩醛、乳酸薄荷酯、乳酸薄荷酯(优选为乳酸1-薄荷酯,特别是1-乳酸1-薄荷酯)、取代的薄荷基-3-羧酰胺(例如薄荷基-3-羧酸-N-乙酰胺)、2-异丙基-N-2,3-三甲基-丁酰胺、取代的环己烷羧酰胺、3-薄荷氧基丙烷-1,2-二醇、碳酸2-羟乙基薄荷酯、碳酸2-羟丙基薄荷酯、N-乙酰甘氨酸薄荷酯、异胡薄荷醇(isopulegol)、羟基羧酸薄荷酯(例如3-羟基丁酸薄荷酯)、琥珀酸单薄荷酯、2-巯基环癸酮、2-吡咯烷-5-酮羧酸薄荷酯、2,3-二羟基-对-薄荷烷、3,3,5-三甲基环己酮甘油缩酮、3,6-二氧杂烷酸3-薄荷酯和3,6-三氧杂烷酸3-薄荷酯、甲氧基乙酸3-薄荷酯和icilin。特别优选的冷却活性成分包括:1-薄荷醇、外消旋薄荷醇、薄荷酮甘油缩醛、乳酸薄荷酯(优选乳酸1-薄荷酯,特别是1-乳酸1-薄荷酯)、3-薄荷氧基丙烷-1,2-二醇、碳酸2-羟乙基薄荷酯、和碳酸2-羟丙基薄荷酯。
酸化剂是增加酸度或赋予酸味的添加剂。任何可食用的食品级有机酸或无机酸可以用作酸化剂,诸如但不限于:柠檬酸、苹果酸、琥珀酸、乙酸、盐酸、己二酸、酒石酸、富马酸、磷酸、乳酸、酸式焦磷酸钠、其盐以及它们的组合。
甜味剂是用于使食品或饮料变甜的物质。甜味剂的实例包括,例如,蔗糖、果糖、葡萄糖、高果糖玉米糖浆、甜叶菊(Stevia rebaudiana)提取物、莱鲍迪甙A(rebaudioside A)(Reb A)、斯替维苷(stevioside)、莱鲍迪甙D(Reb D)、木糖、阿拉伯糖或鼠李糖以及糖醇(诸如赤藓糖醇、木糖醇、甘露糖醇、山梨糖醇、肌醇)以及它们的组合。人造甜味剂包括例如阿斯巴甜、三氯蔗糖、纽甜、乙酰氨基磺酸钾、糖精及其组合。
维生素包括任何维生素、其衍生物及其盐。实例包括:维生素A及其类似物和衍生物(例如,视黄醇、视黄醛、棕榈酸视黄酯、视黄酸、维甲酸(tretinoin)和异维甲酸,其统称为类视色素(retinoids))、维生素E(生育酚及其衍生物)、维生素C(L-抗坏血酸及其酯和其他衍生物)、维生素B3(烟酰胺及其衍生物)、α羟基酸(诸如羟基乙酸、乳酸、酒石酸、苹果酸、柠檬酸等)和β羟基酸(诸如水杨酸等)。
根据本发明的产品可以含有,例如以下染料、着色剂或颜料:乳黄素(lactoflavin)(核黄素(riboflavin))、β-胡萝卜素、核黄素-5’-磷酸酯、α-胡萝卜素、γ-胡萝卜素、角黄素(cantaxanthin)、赤藓红、姜黄素、喹啉黄、黄橙S、酒石黄、胭脂树素、降胭脂树素(胭脂树红、胭脂树橙(orlean))、辣椒红、辣椒红素、番茄红素、β-阿朴-8’-胡萝卜醛、β-阿朴-8’-胡萝卜素酸乙酯、叶黄素(xantophylls)(黄黄质、黄体素、隐黄质、玉红黄质、紫黄质、紫衫紫素(rodoxanthin))、坚牢洋红(fast carmine)(胭脂红酸、胭脂虫红)、偶氮玉红、胭脂虫红A(Ponceau 4R)、甜菜红、甜菜苷、花青素、苋菜红、专利蓝V、靛蓝I(靛蓝-胭脂红)、叶绿素、叶绿素的铜化合物、酸性亮绿BS(丽丝胺绿)、亮黑BN、植物碳、二氧化钛、铁氧化物和氢氧化物、碳酸钙、铝、银、金、颜料宝红BK(立索尔(lithol)宝红BK)、甲基紫B、维多利亚蓝R、维多利亚蓝B、阿西仑(acilan)亮蓝FFR(亮羊毛蓝FFR)、萘酚绿B、阿西仑坚牢绿10G(碱性坚牢绿10G)、ceres黄GRN、苏丹蓝II、群青、酞菁蓝、酞菁绿、坚牢酸性紫R。另外的天然获得的提取物(例如红辣椒提取物、黑胡萝卜提取物、红甘蓝提取物)可以用于着色目的。
合适的乳化剂或表面活性剂的实例包括,但不限于,卵磷脂、蔗糖酯、聚山梨醇酯(例如,聚氧乙烯脱水山梨糖醇单月桂酸酯、聚氧乙烯脱水山梨糖醇单油酸酯、聚氧乙烯脱水山梨糖醇单棕榈酸酯、聚氧乙烯脱水山梨糖醇单硬脂酸酯、聚氧乙烯脱水山梨糖醇三硬脂酸酯)、蛋白质、树胶(例如,阿拉伯树胶或黄蓍树胶)、皂树皮提取物(例如,皂树(quillaja)提取物)、皂苷等。
抗氧化剂的实例包括:β-胡萝卜素、维生素C(抗坏血酸)或其酯、维生素A或其酯、维生素E或其酯、叶黄素或其酯、番茄红素、硒、类黄酮(flavonoid)、维生素样抗氧化剂诸如辅酶Q10(CoQ10)和谷胱甘肽以及抗氧化酶诸如超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶。
抗炎剂包括例如水杨酸甲酯、阿司匹林(aspirin)、布洛芬(ibuprofen)和萘普生(naproxen)。另外的抗炎剂包括皮质类固醇,诸如但不限于,氟氢缩松(flurandrenolide)、丙酸氯倍他索(clobetasol propionate)、丙酸卤倍他索(halobetasol propionate)、丙酸氟替卡松(fluticasone propionate)、二丙酸倍他米松(betamethasone dipropionate)、苯甲酸倍他米松(betamethasone benzoate)、戊酸倍他米松(betamethasone valerate)、去羟米松(desoximethasone)、地塞米松(dexamethasone)、二醋酸二氟拉松(diflorasonediacetate)、糠酸莫米松(mometasone furoate)、哈西奈德(halcinonide)、醋酸氟轻松(fluocinonide)、氟轻松(fluocinolone acetonide)、地奈德(desonide)、曲安奈德(triamcinolone acetonide)、氢化可的松(hydrocortisone)、醋酸氢化可的松(hydrocortisone acetate)、氟甲松龙(fluoromethalone)、甲泼尼龙(methylprednisolone)和氢化波尼松(predinicarbate)。
麻醉剂包括苯佐卡因(benzocaine)、氨苯丁酯(butamben)、苦味酸氨苯丁酯(butamben picrate)、可卡因(cocaine)、普鲁卡因(procaine)、丁卡因(tetracaine)、利多卡因(lidocaine)和盐酸普莫卡因(pramoxine hydrochloride)。
合适的止痛剂包括,但不限于,布洛芬(ibuprofen)、双氯芬酸(diclofenac)、辣椒素(capsaicin)和利多卡因(lidocaine)。
抗真菌剂的非限制性实例包括咪康唑(micanazole)、克霉唑(clotrimazole)、布康唑(butoconazole)、芬替康唑(fenticonasole)、噻康唑(tioconazole)、特康唑(terconazole)、硫康唑(sulconazole)、氟康唑(fluconazole)、卤普罗近(haloprogin)、ketonazole、酮康唑(ketoconazole)、噁康唑(oxinazole)、益康唑(econazole)、伊曲康唑(itraconazole)、特比萘芬(torbinafine)、制霉菌素(nystatin)和灰黄霉素(griseofulvin)。
抗生素的非限制性的实例包括红霉素(erythromycin)、克林霉素(clindamycin)、合霉素(synthomycin)、四环素(tetracycline)、甲硝唑(metronidazole)等。
抗病毒剂包括,但不限于,泛昔洛韦(famcyclovir)、伐昔洛韦(valacyclovir)和阿昔洛韦(acyclovir)。
酶和辅酶的实例包括辅酶Q10、木瓜蛋白酶、脂酶、蛋白酶、超氧化物歧化酶、纤溶酶、脱氧核糖核酸酶、胰蛋白酶、胶原酶和舒替兰酶(sutilain)。
抗组胺剂包括,但不限于,氯苯那敏(chlorpheniramine)、溴苯那敏(brompheniramine)、右氯苯那敏(dexchlorpheniramine)、曲普利啶(tripolidine)、氯马斯汀(clemastine)、苯海拉明(diphenhydramine)、异丙嗪(prometazine)、哌嗪、哌啶、阿司咪唑(astemizole)、氯雷他定(loratadine)和特非那定(terfonadine)。
化疗剂的非限制性实例包括5-氟尿嘧啶(5-fluorouracil)、马索罗酚(masoprocol)、氮芥(mechlorethamine)、环磷酰胺(cyclophosphamide)、长春新碱(vincristine)、苯丁酸氮芥(chlorambucil)、链佐星(streptozocin)、甲氨蝶呤(methotrexate)、博来霉素(bleomycin)、更生霉素(dactinomycin)、柔红霉素(daunorubicin)、多柔比星(coxorubicin)和他莫昔芬(tamoxifen)。
在一些实施方案中,另外的活性材料的量按香料或香精产品的重量计为0.1%至50%(例如,0.2至40%、0.3至30%、0.4至20%和0.5至10%)。
取决于待印刷和干燥的香料或香精的形式,进料的粘度可以在100cP(厘泊)或mPa-s(毫帕-秒)至10,000cP或mPa-s的范围内。在一些实施方案中,进料的粘度大于100cP、大于200cP、大于300cP、大于400cP、大于500cP、大于600cP、大于700cP、大于800cP、大于900cP或大于1000cP。在其他实施方案中,进料的粘度小于10,000cP、9000cP、小于8000cP、小于7000cP、小于6000cP或小于5000cP。
为了维持均匀的进料溶液、浆料、悬浮液或乳液,香料或香精源可以是具有混合器22(例如具有搅拌叶片的可旋转轴)的混合室(图2)的形式。将可以经由泵70(例如,高粘度熔体泵、高效液相色谱(HPLC)泵或齿轮泵或者其他递送装置)来促进进料从香料或香精源20到印刷组件30的递送(图2)。然后,使用印刷组件30以将香料或香精进料24印刷在可移动产品输送机50上。
本发明的系统的印刷组件将香料或香精以离散的预定形状直接印刷、滴落或沉积在可移动产品输送机上。在这方面,印刷组件不同于使进料雾化的喷雾干燥器喷嘴。可以将进料印刷成字母、数字或几何形状,包括但不限于正方形、圆形或点、三角形、矩形、六边形等。另外,可以将进料以预定图案(特别是点图案)印刷在可移动产品输送机上。理想地,选择图案以促进干燥、后加工和产品质量。在一些实施方案中,印刷的形状是三维点,诸如迷你锭剂或迷你锭,例如0.04mm3至10mm3。在另一个实施方案中,将多个点印刷成图案或阵列,使得所述点均匀地分布和间隔以得到最佳的干燥、后加工和产品质量,例如,点之间的中心距为1至10mm(参见图3)。备选地,点的间隔可以是其直径的因数,例如,“1D”的中心距意指点的边缘刚好彼此接触,而“2D”意指点的中心距是直径的两倍。通过示例,图3示出了2D的间距。
理想地,印刷组件适合于印刷粘度在100cP至10,000cP范围内的香料或香精进料。在一些实施方案中,印刷组件适合于印刷粘度为至少200cP、300cP、400cP、500cP、600cP、700cP、800cP、900cP、1000cP、2000cP、3000cP、4000cP、5000cP、6000cP、7000cP、8000cP、9000cP或10000cP的香料或香精进料。
本发明的系统的印刷组件可以是非接触式印刷组件,例如喷墨型印刷头或喷嘴阵列,其将材料滴落或沉积在表面上;或者接触式印刷组件,例如平板筛、旋转筛、反向凹版印刷或柔性版(flexography)印刷组件。在特别的实施方案中,印刷组件是非接触式印刷组件。
通常,非接触式印刷组件有两种常见类型的喷射模式:连续模式(CM)和按需喷墨(DOD)。在连续模式喷射中,连续的流体射流从孔口中喷出;瑞利不稳定性导致射流在一定飞行距离后分裂成单独的液滴。在按需模式中,通常是由于脉冲能源导致,单独的液滴从孔口中喷出。
已经针对各种类型的材料和沉积要求开发了各种类型的喷射头。操作原理可以是流体的机电泵送,或者热驱动泵送。在一些实施方案中,热致动器用于通过喷嘴喷射材料。根据该实施方案,根据加热元件相对于喷嘴孔口的位置,印刷头可以被制造为‘顶部发射式(roof-shooter)’或‘侧面发射式(side shooter)’。气泡喷射技术使用这样的方法,加热水基墨水直到水蒸发,并且利用蒸汽压力使液滴喷出。
在其他实施方案中,压电致动器用于通过喷嘴喷射材料。这些压电致动器可以用于连续模式或按需模式的印刷。压电喷嘴可以存在多种设计,其可以基于所采用的压电陶瓷变形模式和致动器的位置进行分类:挤压、弯曲、推动和剪切。在标准的弯曲模式设计中,压电元件膨胀并且在隔板上施加压力,所述隔板直接与进料储存器配合以促进流体喷射。推动模式配置是类似的,不同之处在于压电的极化与喷射路径垂直而不是平行。在这两种情况下,生成的电场都与压电材料的极化平行。相比之下,剪切模式配置在具有垂直于压电陶瓷元件极化的电场的情况下产生压电变形。挤压模式喷射器含有被压电陶瓷细管围绕的圆柱状通道;当压电元件被驱动时,它会“挤压”通道。
已经描述了印刷的各个方面(Lee(2003)Microdrop Generation,CRC Press LLC,Boca Raton,FL),包括印刷聚合物(Gao&Sonin(1994)Proc.Royal Soc.London(A)444:533-54)、金属(Liu&Orme(2001)J.Mat.Proc.Technol.115:271-83)和陶瓷(Seerden等人(2001)J.Am.Ceram.Soc.84:2514-20)。
MicroFab Technologies(Plano,TX)是熟知的喷射仪器供应商,其供应使用压电致动的喷头。另外,其他公司诸如FUJIFILM Dimatix(Santa Clara,CA)和Xaar(EastDorset,Vt)也生产具有多达1000个喷嘴的印刷头阵列。在固态自由形式制造中,已经开发出用于印刷粘稠聚合物的印刷头。例如,Sanders Inc.(Merrimack,NH)提供了两种喷射喷嘴,一种用于蜡基零件材料并且另一种用于支撑结构以印刷高分辨率三维蜡物体。类似地,由3D Systems(Rock Hill,Sc)生产的印刷头可以用于印刷分辨率在300至600dpi范围内的蜡材料。此外,Objet Geometries(Rehovot,Israel)生产了具有能够印刷聚合物材料的数百个喷嘴的印刷头。在一些实施方案中,超声驱动频率下的声聚焦被用于喷射高粘度流体。在一个实施方案中,印刷组件是印刷头。在另一个实施方案中,印刷组件是喷嘴阵列。
除了标准的CS和DOD方法以外,还已经研究了其他技术。例如,液体火花喷射(热喷射的相关物)依靠电火花放电而不是电阻器来在储存器中形成气泡。电流体动力喷墨器利用强大的电场以从压力控制的毛细管中拉动弯液面并且在非常特定的条件下拉出液滴;这些液滴显著小于它们所流出的管。电流变流体喷射使用其性质在高电场下发生变化的墨水;仅当电场关闭时,流体才流动。在弯曲拉伸的超声液滴喷射器中,可以实现按需喷墨和连续液滴形成,其中含有喷嘴孔口的板充当致动器,以共振频率振动并且通过在液体表面上产生毛细波以及液体中的压力增加而形成液滴。聚焦声束喷射使用透镜以将超声束聚焦到流体的自由表面上,使用由聚焦猝发音产生的声压瞬态来喷射流体液滴(Elrod等人(1989)J.Appl.Physics65:3441-7)。其变体涉及聚焦在液体表面上的超声波,从而形成表面波,该表面波最终分解成小液滴的薄雾(Fukumoto等人(2000)J.Imag.Sci.Technol.44:398-405)。已经描述了用于印刷粘度高达3000cP的流体的超声液滴生成系统(Kiyama等人(2011)IEEE 88-93)。
在本领域中还已知用于向粘稠喷射材料施加更大的力的结合机械和气动机构的喷射系统。例如,EFD PICODOT喷射阀(Nordson EFD,UK)提供高喷射频率,并且可以处理粘度在50cP至500,000cP范围内的流体。喷嘴可以50μm、100μm、150μm、200μm、300μm和400μm的孔径获得以适应大范围的点尺寸。LV型阀适合于从低粘度至高达1000cP范围内的粘度,并且MV型阀适合于从1000cP至高达500,000cP范围内的粘度,这二者均使用50μm喷嘴进行喷射。Yang等人(2013)Solid Freeform Fabric.Proc.第505-513页已经研究和描述了用于喷射不同粘度的流体的参数。
在一些实施方案中,以100微米至5mm或更优选425微米至1mm的液滴直径提供香精或香料。如本领域中常规的,将小于425微米的液滴(即,穿过40目筛的颗粒)视为粉尘。较小的液滴可以较小的喷嘴直径和较高的压力获得,而较大的喷嘴直径和较低的压力用于获得较大的液滴尺寸。
为了方便起见,通常将香料或香精源保持在接近环境的温度下;然而,这不是所公开的系统或方法的限制。通常,香料或香精源的温度可以在0℃至80℃或甚至更高温度的范围内。也可以利用低于0℃的温度,尤其是当进料存在稳定性问题时。同样地,系统的其余部分,特别是印刷组件和任选的泵,可以在不改变香精的气味或香料的味道的任何合适的温度下使用。在某些实施方案中,系统处于室温(例如,20-25℃)或室温左右。然而,当香料或香精具有高粘度时,可以任选地将香料或香精加热到例如32至80℃,而不会分别改变香料或香精的味道或气味。
如图1和图2所示,将香料或香精进料直接印刷在穿过干燥部件40或与其相邻的可移动产品输送机50上。理想地,可移动产品输送机50提供了不粘的表面,香料或香精进料被印刷到该表面上并且当将印刷的进料24输送通过干燥部件40时进行干燥。当粘附材料可以在不具有显著的力的情况下容易地移除时或者被完全防止粘附在一起时,认为表面是“不粘的”。可移动产品输送机可以是由合适的支撑系统52支撑的相对较薄的柔性板或带,如图1和图2所示。在备选实施方案中(未示出),可移动产品输送机可以被配置成基本上刚性的托盘或床。当可移动产品输送机是带或板时,支撑系统52可以包括常规的循环输送机带部件,例如电动机、驱动辊和驱动联杆,以将动力从电动机传递到驱动辊。还可以包括速度控制器,诸如交流电变速控制装置等,以控制电动机的输出速度。在一些实施方案中,可移动产品输送机连续地移动通过干燥部件或在其附近连续地移动。在其他实施方案中,可移动产品输送机以不连续的方式移动通过干燥部件或在其附近通过,即输送机停止预定的时间段以延长印刷的进料对干燥部件所提供的干燥空气的暴露。
如图1和图2所示,印刷在可移动产品输送机50上的香料或香精进料通过干燥部件40或在其附近通过,并且暴露于经由空气入口42供应的干燥空气46。在这方面,干燥部件的空气与印刷在可移动产品输送机上的香料或香精进料流体接触。干燥空气46循环通过干燥部件40,在印刷的进料24上方和周围流动以蒸发水分,并且经由空气出口44离开干燥部件40。在一些实施方案中,干燥空气的流动基本上平行于可移动产品输送机50。在其他实施方案中,干燥空气的流动在朝向可移动产品输送机50的直线或向下旋转的方向上。在某些实施方案中,干燥空气的流动与产品流动的方向相同。在其他实施方案中,干燥空气的流动与产品流动的方向相反。
供应至干燥部件的空气可以是来自周围环境的空气、除空气以外的气体或其组合。可以使用惰性气体,例如氮气和碳酸盐气体。对于易于氧化的物质,惰性气体可以是优选的。
理想地,供应至干燥部件的入口空气的温度在30℃至160℃、优选30℃至110℃、更优选40℃至100℃并且最优选40℃至90℃的范围内。在某些实施方案中,入口空气的温度低于100℃。当入口空气高于环境室温时,系统还可以包括空气加热器80以加热入口空气(图2)。空气加热器可以被配置成使用电力或气体操作。因此,在一些实施方案中,系统还可以包括气体辐射加热器或电加热器。术语“气体辐射加热器”意指通过燃烧气体产生基本上辐射热的装置。术语“电辐射加热器”意指通过汲取电流产生基本上辐射热的装置。这样的加热器的各种形式在本领域中是已知的。
供应至干燥部件的入口空气的相对湿度(RH)可以是35%RH以下、优选15%RH以下、更优选7%RH以下并且最优选1%Rh以下。当入口空气RH高于环境水平时,系统还可以包括被配置成向干燥部件供应干燥空气的空气除湿器90(图2)。因此,系统可以同时具有除湿和干燥功能。能够吹出大体积的露点低于5℃的干燥空气的干燥部件是优选的。对于不具有除湿功能的干燥部件,可以将干燥部件改造为包括干式除湿器,例如蜂窝型转轮除湿器(例如,Nichias Corporation或Sweden PROFLUTE Corporation)。
为了促进印刷的香料或香精的干燥,可以将系统改造为包括补充能源。理想地,补充能源提供了干燥辐射热,即通过通常称为辐射的过程从一个主体传递到另一个主体的热能,不同于通过通常称为传导和对流的过程从一个主体传递到另一个主体的传热。
干燥辐射热源在本领域中是已知的,并且可以达到高温并且可以产生大量的辐射热能。这样的加热器可以达到至少100℃的温度,并且可以达到显著高于100℃的温度。这些加热器可达到的高温在产生大量热能方面可以是有益的。另外,加热器的温度以及由此产生的辐射热能的量可以相对快速地变化并且可以通过其比例调制而容易地调节。此外,与其他热源相比,这样的加热器通常倾向于重量相对较轻并且通常抗冲击和抗振动。
合适的干燥辐射热源的实例包括但不限于红外和其他光装置、电辐射加热器和辐射气体加热器。由于诸如石英加热器和陶瓷加热器的电辐射加热器汲取电力进行操作,因此这样的加热器可以由便携式发电机或由永久性电力网操作。类似地,辐射气体加热器可以由便携式气体供应(诸如液化天然气罐)或由气体分配系统(诸如地下管道系统)操作。此外,通常已知加热器(诸如上面讨论的那些)提供了长的、可靠的工作寿命并且可以容易地进行维修。另外的能源包括但不限于微波或射频波。
如图2所示,补充能源100可以被配置成将辐射热102引向可移动产品输送机50的下侧,即与印刷有香料或香精进料24的一侧相反的那侧。然而,在本发明的备选实施方案中(未示出),补充能源将辐射热引向可移动产品输送机的印刷有香料或香精进料的一侧。在又一个备选实施方案中(未示出),可以采用反射器等以将辐射热从补充能源引向印刷的进料。适合于包括一个或多个补充能源的可移动产品输送机是本领域中已知的,并且在例如US 6,539,645、US 7,441,344、US 8,984,763、US 9,068,777、US 9,243,843、US 9,073,711和US 9,550,629中描述。
为了允许从补充能源传递能量,可移动产品输送机可以由对辐射热基本上透明并且还能够承受高达150℃的温度的材料制成。在一些实施方案中,可移动产品输送机由包括塑料的材料制造。术语“塑料”意指通常由有机化合物通过聚合合成生产的各种非金属化合物中的任一种,其可以模制成各种形式并且硬化,或者形成易弯曲的板或膜。在某些实施方案中,可移动产品输送机由丙烯酸和聚酯制造。当用于制造可移动产品输送机时,已知这样的材料具有用于本发明的所需热辐射传输性质。此外,可以将塑料树脂形成为均匀的柔性板或无缝环形带,这可以提供另外的益处。在其他实施方案中,可移动产品输送机由涂有不粘涂层诸如TEFLON(聚四氟乙烯涂层)的不锈钢或其他合适的材料制造。
可移动产品输送机的速度或移动速率以及气流的温度和速率可以影响干燥印刷的香料或香精的过程。例如,相对较慢的可移动产品输送机的速度(例如,~0.05m/sec)可以增加印刷的香料或香精所吸收的热量,因为较慢的速度将导致印刷的香料或香精暴露于热达较长的时间段。相反地,相对较快的可移动产品输送机的速度(例如,~0.9m/sec)可以减少可移动产品输送机所吸收的热量,因为较快的速度将导致可移动产品输送机暴露于热期间的暴露时间较短。因此,系统可以包括一个或多个传感器和控制器,用于调节热源80、100的温度;调节可移动产品输送机50的速度;和/或调节干燥空气46在印刷的进料24上方流动的速率。在一些实施方案中,可移动产品输送机速度在0.05m/sec至1.0m/sec的范围内。
离开干燥部件40的干燥产品60可以被动地从可移动产品输送机50上掉下来并且进行收集,或者主动地通过产品卸载部件110从可移动产品输送机50中移除(图2),所述产品卸载部件可以任选地由不粘材料制成或涂有不粘材料。产品卸载部件的实例包括刮刀或刮板或其他合适的机构。
优选地,离开系统的干燥产品是水含量为15%以下的自由流动的产品。在某些实施方案中,干燥产品的水含量为4%至10%或更优选4%至8%。在这方面,“干燥”、“干燥的”和“基本上干燥的”涵盖水活度为0.1至0.6、或更理想地0.2至0.5并且最优选0.2至0.4的那些组合物,其中可以在进行或不进行二次干燥的情况下实现所述干燥水平。
从干燥颗粒表面实际上不含任何香料或香精的意义上说,干燥产品是“自由流动的”。在这方面,干燥颗粒不聚集或结块。在某些实施方案中,干燥颗粒在表面上具有小于0.1%、0.05%、0.01%、0.005%、0.001%或0.0005%的游离香料或香精油。
在某些实施方案中,干燥产品是小颗粒产品或颗粒,即干燥的点,其可以容易地掺入食品和其他消费品中。这样的颗粒可以具有任何期望的尺寸,并且优选地具有基本上均匀的尺寸分布,即相对于颗粒的平均直径,颗粒的尺寸变化小于±10%、±9%、±8%、±7%、±6%、±5%、±4%、±3%、±2%或±1%。在一个实施方案中,颗粒的平均直径在50μm至2000μm的范围内。在另一个实施方案中,颗粒的直径在500μm至1000μm的范围内。在另一个实施方案中,颗粒的平均直径大于1000μm。
由此制备的干燥产品可以用作食品中的香料或香精,用作膳食补充剂、药品、化妆品、香精、着色材料或增稠材料。例如,本发明的干燥香料产品可以用于调味汤和汤粉(soupmix),砂锅菜,罐装和冷冻的人类食品,动物或宠物食品,调味料,肉汁,炖菜,模拟肉产品,肉酱和蘸料,烘培产品,牛肉、鸡肉、猪肉、鱼和海鲜提取物的替代品等。此外,本发明的干燥香精产品可以用于个人护理产品,包括但不限于除臭剂和止汗剂、洗发剂、护发剂、染发剂、头发清新剂、沐浴露、肥皂产品等。在特别的实施方案中,本发明的干燥香精产品可用于气溶胶止汗剂、棒式止汗剂、滚抹式止汗剂、乳液喷雾止汗剂、透明乳液棒式止汗剂、软固体止汗剂、乳液滚抹式止汗剂、透明乳液棒式止汗剂、不透明乳液棒式止汗剂、透明凝胶止汗剂、透明棒式除臭剂或喷雾除臭剂。另外,干燥香精产品可以掺入织物护理产品(诸如漂洗调理剂以及液体和粉末洗涤剂);家庭护理产品(诸如通用清洁剂和织物清新剂);个人卫生产品(诸如洗手液);化妆用品;和口腔护理产品(诸如牙粉)中,它们全部都是本领域中已知的。
本发明还提供了用于印刷和干燥香料或香精的方法。所述方法包括以下步骤:提供香料或香精源,将香料或香精直接印刷到可移动产品输送机的表面上,以及将可移动产品输送机上的印刷的香料或香精输送通过干燥部件或在干燥部件附近输送以制备干燥香料或香精产品。如本文所述,香料或香精进料可以包含溶剂和/或载体,并且具有各种形式,包括任选地与载体和/或溶剂混合的油的单一原料或共混物;囊封香料或香精,即芯-壳微胶囊;食品,例如果泥或菜泥;反应香料,或其组合。另外,香料或香精可以在可移动产品输送机的表面上印刷成一条线或阵列中的预定形状,并且在干燥空气下干燥,所述干燥空气的温度在30℃至160℃、优选30℃至110℃、更优选40℃至100℃并且最优选40℃至90℃的范围内。
所述方法还可以包括测量产品特性连同调节指向印刷的香料或香精的热量的步骤。所测量的特性可以包括产品的温度、产品的水分含量和产品的化学组成。可以以给定的时间间隔间断地检测和测量特性,或者可以在给定的时间间隔内连续地测量特性。基于这些测量,所述方法还可以包括调节系统的一个或多个热源的温度、调节可移动产品输送机的速度和/或调节干燥空气在印刷的进料上方流动的干燥空气的湿度和/或速率。
提供以下实施例作为本发明的具体实施方案。
实施例1:印刷的番茄乳液
制备天然的香料-载体基质乳液制剂(表1)。在IKA Werke混合器上使用极低的剪切将马铃薯蛋白溶解在水中(以~100rpm)。使用低剪切速率以不将过量的空气夹带在系统中从而产生泡沫。一旦蛋白质溶解在水中,就依次缓慢添加来自蓝色龙舌兰(Blue Agave)和菊苣(Chicory)的菊粉,将剪切速率逐渐提高至~250rpm,并且继续混合直到观察到不含有任何团块的溶液。经由Marlow-Watson 504S蠕动泵以12ml/min的速率将番茄新鲜天然香料(于葵花油中)和迷迭香油的溶液泵入装有马铃薯蛋白/菊粉溶液的容器中,并且将溶液在~500rpm的剪切速率下搅拌大约10分钟,直到油完全掺入水相中以形成粗乳液。然后将装有内含物的烧杯放入冰的容器中,以将温度降至15℃(同时搅拌)。将顶置式高剪切混合器(IKA T25)设定为6,500rpm,并且将溶液剪切2分钟以形成最终乳液。所得乳液在15℃的粘度为3050cP并且固体含量为60重量%。从混合器中移除乳液,并且使其平衡至室温。
表1
描述 | 重量(g) |
马铃薯蛋白 | 60 |
来自蓝色龙舌兰的菊粉 | 360 |
来自菊苣根(Chicory Root)的菊粉 | 120 |
番茄新鲜香料(2X,于葵花油中) | 59.4 |
迷迭香提取物 | 0.6 |
水 | 400 |
总计 | 1000 |
为了模拟香料乳液的印刷,使用可变体积的微量移液器以将乳液沉积到固定在金属托盘上的一张蜡纸上。所沉积的乳液液滴的直径在2mm至4mm之间变化,导致液滴大小按质量计为2.1mg至16.8mg。一旦液滴已经沉积在蜡纸上,如图3所示,则将容纳液滴的金属托盘放在干燥器中以使水从液滴中蒸发。将加热的空气经由入口供应至小规模试验干燥器室,并且经由出口离开。使用附于除湿器和电加热元件上的控制面板来控制入口空气的流速和温度。将沉积的乳液珠在40℃干燥大约三小时,其中入口空气流速为60立方英尺/分钟。将干燥产品从蜡纸上刮下,并且确定所得液滴的体积为约2-7mm3。值得注意的是,由于材料粘在干燥器的壁上,因此这种制剂不能成功地用喷雾干燥器干燥,这导致不良的产品收率。相比之下,本发明的系统和方法成功地从这种有问题的进料制剂中提供了干燥产品。
实施例2:印刷的香料颗粒
表2将通过常规方法喷雾干燥的示例性制剂与使用本发明的系统和方法印刷的制剂进行比较。尽管两种制剂中香料油的量是相同的,但是喷雾干燥进料和待印刷的进料中淀粉与麦芽糖糊精的比率分别为2:8和3:7。
表2
表3示出了这些制剂以及干燥产品的特性和工艺条件。值得注意的是,尽管喷雾干燥制剂限于45%固体,但是印刷的制剂允许固体量增加至65%。此外,由于通过印刷香料进料降低了爆炸的风险,因此与喷雾干燥制剂的25%香料负载相比,印刷的制剂的香料负载可以增加至40%。此外,由于印刷需要蒸发较少的水,因此印刷过程对于每kg加工香料油使用了较少的能量。
表3
实施例3:印刷的香料颗粒(天然基质)
制备天然载体橙香料乳液制剂(表4)。在1,000ml玻璃烧杯中,使用IKA Eurostar顶置式混合器在适度的速度(~800rpm)下将阿拉伯树胶(Nexira)和麦芽糖(NagaseAmerica Corp.)溶解在室温水(20-25℃)中。
表4
材料 | 量(g) | 湿% | 干% |
自来水 | 400 | 40 | 0 |
阿拉伯树胶 | 180 | 18 | 30 |
麦芽糖 | 180 | 18 | 30 |
夏橙(Orange Valencia)香料油 | 240 | 24 | 40 |
总计 | 1000 | 100 | 100 |
使溶液静置过夜以进一步水合和脱气。第二天,将溶液置于IKA Eurostar顶置式混合器下并且以适度的速度(~800rpm)混合。缓慢添加香料油以形成粗乳液。然后在保持搅拌的同时将该乳液用冰浴冷却至15℃。然后将冷却的乳液循环通过管线式剪切混合器(IKA型UTL 25Inline),并且使用Watson-Marlow 504S蠕动泵送回到烧杯中。在确认循环流速为180g/min之后,打开高剪切混合器,并且将其设定为9,000rpm以乳化香料油。在17分钟的剪切时间内,将烧杯中的乳液不断搅拌并且保持在冰浴中。高剪切混合后,将烧杯从冰浴中取出,并且将管中残留的任何乳液排回到烧杯中。橙香料乳液的粒度分析确认了平均油滴尺寸在2.0-2.5微米的范围内。乳液在22℃的粘度为1,350cP(Brookfield DV-III,主轴#4@60rpm)。
然后将表4提供的橙香料乳液转移到实验室印刷系统中。该印刷系统是具有XYZ运动控制的专门建造的机器人分配系统。流体分配头采用气动驱动的喷射阀(NordsonLiquidyn P-Dot CT),并且XYZ机器人经过编程以将一个阵列的单独流体液滴分配到涂层钢制烤盘(Chicago Metallic,半尺寸面包盘18”x 13”)上。
将大约25ml的表4提供的橙香料乳液添加到印刷机进料储存器中。将储存器密封并且用压缩空气加压至15psi。Nordson喷射阀被配置成具有0.40mm喷嘴盖,将气动致动器设定为33psi,并且将力螺旋设定为1-3/8圈。然后启动机器人分配系统,以将直径为大约1.0mm的橙香料乳液液滴的48x 87阵列印刷到烤盘上。印刷后,使烤盘在环境实验室条件(22℃)下干燥过夜。将干燥粒状产品通过塑料油灰刀从托盘中移除。总计14个烤盘(14x4176个点)被印刷和干燥,以收集大约11.5克干燥产品用以表征。来自每个托盘的数据得出每个干燥点的平均重量为0.20mg。
产生了类似的橙香料乳液,使得可以与常规的喷雾干燥香料进行比较。应当注意的是,表4提供的配方由于高乳液粘度和高麦芽糖含量而无法按原样喷雾干燥。减少麦芽糖含量以防止在喷雾干燥器中釉化。因此,提高了阿拉伯树胶水平并且使用更高量的水,使得乳液粘度足够低,以在喷雾干燥器中进行良好的雾化。另外,用于印刷干燥形式的香料油的量是喷雾干燥配方的两倍。由于存在粉尘爆炸的危险,所以必须限制喷雾干燥粉末中易燃油组分的量。表5提供了用于喷雾干燥的所得配方。
表5
材料 | 量(g) | 湿% | 干% |
自来水 | 1819.6 | 60.6 | 0 |
阿拉伯树胶 | 708.2 | 23.6 | 60 |
麦芽糖 | 236.1 | 7.9 | 20 |
夏橙香料油 | 236.1 | 7.9 | 20 |
总计 | 3000.0 | 100 | 100 |
在5升不锈钢烧杯中,将阿拉伯树胶(Nexira)和麦芽糖(Nagase America Corp.)在适度的搅拌(~250rpm)下溶解在热水(50-55℃)中。然后通过将烧杯置于冰浴中而使溶液冷却至21℃。然后,将橙香料油缓慢添加到烧杯中以形成粗乳液。打开顶置式高剪切混合器(Arde-Barinco,型号CJ-4E)并且设定为40%功率以乳化香料油。在10分钟的剪切时间内,将乳液用冰浴保持冷却。在高剪切步骤后,对橙香料乳液的样品进行分析以确认平均油滴尺寸在2.0-2.5微米的范围内。乳液在22℃的粘度为220cP(Brookfield DV-III,主轴#4@60rpm)。
然后将表5提供的橙香料乳液转移到喷雾干燥器进料容器中进行干燥。使用Anhydro MicraSpray MS400中试喷雾干燥器来干燥橙香料乳液。该干燥器配备有压缩空气驱动的喷嘴雾化器(设定为4巴),并且经由旋风分离器回收干燥粉末。将入口空气温度设定为190℃,并且控制乳液进料速率以得到90℃的出口空气温度。对于该运行,进料速率为270g/min,总干燥时间为11分钟。在干燥室内存在相当多的产品堆积,从而得到收率(42%d.b.)和仅回收510g的干燥粉末。
品评小组对印刷干燥颗粒相对于喷雾干燥粉末进行评价。在9%的糖、0.1%的柠檬酸和0.015%的香料活性成分的品评溶液中进行评价。因此,印刷干燥颗粒的剂量为0.038%,而喷雾干燥粉末的剂量为0.075%。总体而言,两个样品是类似的。印刷干燥的样品的整体香料强度略高,但是新鲜度较低并且果酱味较浓,而喷雾干燥样品的香味较高并且新鲜味较高。表6提供了印刷干燥的和喷雾干燥的样品的香料保留分析的结果。
表6
香料 | 喷雾干燥的 | 印刷干燥的 |
总油 | 19.7 | 36.7 |
乙醛 | 6.8% | 3.8% |
乙酸乙酯 | 39.9% | 30.8% |
丁酸甲酯 | 69.1% | 73.1% |
丁酸乙酯 | 83.1% | 85.2% |
芳樟醇 | 99.8% | 92.6% |
柠檬烯 | 98.9% | 92.2% |
该实施例证明了使用本发明的印刷和干燥方法生产干燥颗粒香料的可行性。此外,相对于传统的喷雾干燥产品,印刷干燥产品提供了增加的香料负载和减少的工艺用水。该实施例所选择的特定材料代表了向在传统喷雾干燥中存在问题的香料的天然材料的转变。相比之下,用于印刷干燥香料颗粒的方法能够更好地处理这些制剂。
实施例4:印刷的香料颗粒(改性淀粉基质)
制备使用改性淀粉载体基质的橙香料乳液制剂(表7)。在600ml玻璃烧杯中,使用IKA Eurostar顶置式混合器在适度的速度(~800rpm)下将以商标(Ingredion)销售的改性淀粉溶解在热水(50-55℃)中。
表7
材料 | 量(g) | 湿% | 干% |
自来水 | 120 | 40 | 0 |
改性淀粉 | 90 | 30 | 50 |
夏橙香料油 | 90 | 30 | 50 |
总计 | 300.0 | 100 | 100 |
然后将烧杯置于冰浴中以冷却溶液,同时保持搅拌。当溶液温度降至低于25℃时,缓慢添加香料油以形成粗乳液。将乳液继续冷却至15℃,然后使用顶置式高剪切混合器(IKA T25)来进一步乳化香料油。将IKAT-25设定为6,500rpm,并且将溶液剪切2分钟。高剪切混合后,将烧杯从冰浴中移出并且使其温热至室温。橙香料乳液的粒度分析确认了平均油滴尺寸在2.0-2.5微米的范围内。乳液在22℃的粘度为2,250cP(Brookfield DV-III@主轴#4@60rpm)。
然后将表7提供的橙香料乳液转移到与实施例3所述相同的实验室印刷系统中。将大约25ml的表7提供的橙香料乳液添加到印刷机进料储存器中。将储存器密封并且用压缩空气加压至25psi。Nordson喷射阀被配置成具有0.40mm喷嘴盖,将气动致动器设定为35psi,并且将力螺旋设定为1-1/4圈。然后启动机器人分配系统,以将直径为大约0.8mm的橙香料乳液液滴的48x 87阵列印刷到涂层钢制烤盘(Chicago Metallic)上。印刷后,使烤盘在环境实验室条件(22℃)下干燥过夜。将干燥粒状产品通过塑料油灰刀从托盘中移除。总计12个烤盘(14x 4176个点)被印刷和干燥,以收集大约7.6克干燥产品用以表征。来自每个托盘的数据得出每个干燥点的平均重量为0.13mg。
产生了类似的橙香料乳液,使得可以与常规的喷雾干燥香料进行比较。考虑到表7中的配方由于高乳液粘度而无法按原样喷雾干燥,因此需要较高量的水,使得乳液粘度足够低,以在喷雾干燥器中进行良好的雾化。另外,用于印刷干燥形式的香料油的量是喷雾干燥配方的两倍。由于存在粉尘爆炸的危险,所以必须限制喷雾干燥粉末中易燃油组分的量。表8提供了用于喷雾干燥的所得配方。
表8
材料 | 量(g) | 湿% | 干% |
自来水 | 1714.2 | 57.1 | 0 |
改性淀粉 | 1028.7 | 34.3 | 80 |
夏橙香料油 | 247.1 | 8.6 | 20 |
总计 | 3000.0 | 100 | 100 |
在5升不锈钢烧杯中,将以商标(Ingredion)销售的改性淀粉在适度的搅拌(~250rpm)下溶解在热水(50-55℃)中。然后通过将烧杯置于冰浴中而使溶液冷却至21℃。然后,将橙香料油缓慢添加到烧杯中以形成粗乳液。打开顶置式高剪切混合器(Arde-Barinco,型号CJ-4E)并且设定为40%功率以乳化香料油。在10分钟的剪切时间内,将乳液用冰浴保持冷却。在高剪切步骤后,对橙香料乳液的样品进行分析以确认平均油滴尺寸在2.0-2.5微米的范围内。乳液在22℃的粘度为206cP(Brookfield DV-III@主轴#4@60rpm)。
然后将表8提供的橙香料乳液转移到喷雾干燥器进料容器中进行干燥。将实施例3中使用的相同的中试喷雾干燥器用于干燥橙香料乳液。将入口空气温度设定为190℃,并且控制乳液进料速率以得到90℃的出口空气温度。对于该运行,进料速率为200g/min,总干燥时间为15分钟。在干燥器中几乎没有产品滞留,并且回收了1,180g干燥粉末,收率为87%(d.b.)。
品评小组对印刷干燥颗粒相对于喷雾干燥粉末进行评价。在9%的糖、0.1%的柠檬酸和0.015%的香料活性成分的品评溶液中进行评价。因此,印刷干燥颗粒的剂量为0.03%,而喷雾干燥粉末的剂量为0.075%。总体而言,两个样品是类似的。虽然印刷干燥样品具有更强的橙汁味,但是喷雾干燥样品具有更强的橙皮味。进行了挥发性香料保留分析(表9),并且证明了印刷干燥样品具有更好的香料的总体保留,特别是具有高沸点的那些。
表9
香料 | 喷雾干燥的 | 印刷干燥的 |
总油 | 17.3 | 48.7 |
乙醛 | 5.6% | 2.1% |
乙酸乙酯 | 27.9% | 24.5% |
丁酸甲酯 | 54.4% | 68.3% |
丁酸乙酯 | 69.9% | 83.8% |
芳樟醇 | 90.0% | 97.2% |
柠檬烯 | 87.2% | 98.1% |
在该实施例中,改性淀粉制剂非常适合于喷雾干燥,如高工艺收率所表明的。然而,使用相同载体系统的印刷干燥香料颗粒具有高得多的香料负载和减少的工艺用水。
实施例5:印刷的香料微胶囊
按照表10提供的配方制备香料微胶囊和其他基质材料的浆料。
表10
材料 | 量(g) | 湿% | 干% |
薄荷香料胶囊 | 391.8 | 65.30 | 29.5 |
改性淀粉 | 20.8 | 3.47 | 7.1 |
麦芽糖糊精M150 | 166.6 | 27.76 | 56.3 |
麦芽糖 | 20.8 | 3.47 | 56.3 |
总计 | 600.0 | 100.00 | 100.0 |
将薄荷香料微胶囊添加到1000ml玻璃烧杯中。使用明胶/二氧化硅复合物凝聚方法制备这些香料微胶囊(参见WO 2017/161364A1)。香料微胶囊的香料负载为15%,水分含量为77.8%,并且平均胶囊尺寸为12.6微米。在适度的搅拌(~600rpm)下,将以商标(Ingredion)销售的改性淀粉、麦芽糖糊精M150(Grain Processing Corp.)和麦芽糖(Nagase America Corp.)缓慢添加到烧杯中的香料微胶囊中,并且继续混合直到所有材料看起来都完全溶解。浆料在22℃的粘度为160cP(Brookfield DV-III@主轴#4@60rpm)。
然后将表10提供的薄荷香料微胶囊浆料转移到与实施例3所述相同的实验室印刷系统中。将大约25ml的香料微胶囊浆料添加到印刷机进料储存器中。将储存器密封并且用压缩空气加压至15psi。Nordson喷射阀被配置成具有0.40mm喷嘴盖,将气动致动器设定为33psi,并且将力螺旋设定为1-5/8圈。然后启动机器人分配系统,以将直径为大约2mm的香料微胶囊浆料液滴的48x 87阵列印刷到涂层钢制烤盘(Chicago Metallic)上。印刷后,使烤盘在环境实验室条件(22℃)下干燥150分钟。4,176个颗粒的总重量为2.34克,因此每个颗粒的重量为0.56mg。将干燥粒状产品通过塑料油灰刀从托盘中移除。将该印刷和干燥程序重复10次,以收集大约20克干燥产品用以表征。
为了进行比较,如表11所提供的制备喷雾干燥制剂。
表11
材料 | 量(g) | 湿% | 干% |
薄荷香料胶囊 | 1959.0 | 65.30 | 29.5 |
改性淀粉 | 104.1 | 3.47 | 7.1 |
麦芽糖糊精M150 | 832.8 | 27.76 | 56.3 |
麦芽糖 | 104.1 | 3.47 | 7.1 |
总计 | 3000.0 | 100.00 | 100.0 |
将上面使用的相同的薄荷香料胶囊添加到10升不锈钢喷雾干燥器进料罐中。在适度的搅拌(~100rpm)下,缓慢添加剩余的三种成分粉末,并且继续混合直到所有材料看起来都完全溶解。将实施例3中使用的相同的Anhydro MicraSpray MS400中试喷雾干燥器用于干燥香料微胶囊浆料。然而,在这种情况下,使用转轮雾化器并且在20,000rpm下运行。将入口空气温度设定为190℃,并且控制乳液进料速率以得到90℃的出口空气温度。对于该运行,进料速率为136g/min,总干燥时间为22分钟。在喷雾干燥器壁上存在少量粉末涂层,表明干燥器中的产品滞留量适中,并且回收了955g的干燥粉末。
品评小组在树胶基质中对印刷干燥颗粒相对于喷雾干燥粉末进行评价。表12中的结果表明,印刷干燥样品在咀嚼前期和整个咀嚼时长中均具有稍好的薄荷香料强度。
表12
时间 | 喷雾干燥的 | 印刷干燥的 |
0:30秒 | 4.43 | 5.57 |
1:00分 | 5.36 | 5.57 |
1:30分 | 3.57 | 4.29 |
2:00分 | 2.57 | 3.11 |
2:30分 | 2.00 | 2.21 |
3:00分 | 1.14 | 1.86 |
5:00分 | 0.86 | 1.36 |
10:00分 | 0.64 | 0.79 |
15:00分 | 0.29 | 0.64 |
在咀嚼时间期间,强度等级的量度为0到9,其中9为最强的。
另外,进行了挥发性香料保留分析(表13),并且证明了印刷干燥样品具有稍好的薄荷香料化合物的总体保留。
表13
香料 | 喷雾干燥的 | 印刷干燥的 |
总油 | 17.2 | 17.7 |
薄荷酮 | 81.0% | 82.6% |
异薄荷酮 | 81.8% | 88.2% |
新薄荷醇 | 79.9% | 78.3% |
薄荷醇 | 84.4% | 91.7% |
长叶薄荷酮 | 82.9% | 86.7% |
乙酸薄荷酯 | 84.8% | 89.8% |
在该实施例中,顺利地将两种方法相互比较。两种方法都能够处理具有香料微胶囊的低粘度进料制剂,并且产生具有20%香料负载的干燥产品。
实施例6:印刷的香精颗粒
制备使用改性淀粉载体基质的香精乳液制剂(表14)。
表14
材料 | 量(g) | 湿% | 干% |
自来水 | 400 | 40 | 0 |
改性淀粉 | 300 | 30 | 50 |
Popstar香精油 | 300 | 30 | 50 |
总计 | 1000 | 100 | 100 |
在1000ml玻璃烧杯中,使用IKA Eurostar顶置式混合器在适度的速度(~600rpm)下将以商标(Ingredion)销售的改性淀粉溶解在热水(50-55℃)中。将烧杯置于冰浴中并且冷却至室温,同时保持搅拌。然后,缓慢添加香精油以形成粗乳液。使用顶置式高剪切混合器(IKA T25)来进一步乳化香精油。将IKA T-25设定为9,500rpm,并且将溶液剪切2分钟。香精乳液的粒度分析确认了平均油滴尺寸在2.0-2.5微米的范围内。乳液在22℃的粘度为1,100cP(Brookfield DV-III,主轴#4@60rpm)。
然后将表14提供的香精乳液转移到与实施例3所述相同的实验室印刷系统中。将大约25ml的表14提供的Popstar香精乳液添加到印刷机进料储存器中。将储存器密封并且用压缩空气加压至15psi。Nordson喷射阀被配置成具有0.40mm喷嘴盖,将气动致动器设定为30psi,并且将力螺旋设定为1-3/8圈。然后启动机器人分配系统,以将直径为大约1mm的Popstar香精乳液液滴的48x 87阵列印刷到涂层钢制烤盘(Chicago Metallic)上。印刷后,将烤盘在环境实验室条件(22℃)下干燥过夜。将干燥粒状产品通过塑料油灰刀从托盘中移除。总计六个烤盘(6x 4176个点)被印刷和干燥,以收集大约4克干燥产品用以表征。
产生了类似的香精乳液,使得可以与常规的喷雾干燥香精进行比较。考虑到表14提供的制剂由于高乳液粘度而无法按原样喷雾干燥,因此需要稍高量的水,使得乳液粘度足够低,以在喷雾干燥器中进行良好的雾化。然而,与香料乳液实施例不同,用于印刷干燥形式和喷雾干燥形式的香精油的量是相同的,因为挥发性较低的香精油不会带来相同的粉尘爆炸危险。表15提供了用于喷雾干燥的所得配方。
表15
材料 | 量(g) | 湿% | 干% |
自来水 | 430.0 | 46.50 | 0 |
改性淀粉 | 247.5 | 26.75 | 50 |
Popstar香精油 | 247.5 | 26.75 | 50 |
总计 | 925.0 | 100.00 | 100 |
在2升不锈钢烧杯中,将以商标(Ingredion)销售的改性淀粉在适度的搅拌(~600rpm)下溶解在热水(50-55℃)中。然后,将烧杯置于冰浴中并且冷却至室温,同时保持搅拌。然后,缓慢添加香精油以形成粗乳液,并且使其混合10分钟。随后,使用顶置式高剪切混合器(IKA T25)来进一步乳化香精油。将IKA T-25设定为9,500rpm,并且将溶液剪切2分钟。香精乳液的粒度分析确认了平均油滴尺寸在2-3微米的范围内。
然后将表15提供的Popstar香精乳液转移到喷雾干燥器进料容器中进行干燥。在该实施例中,使用Niro Mobile Minor喷雾干燥器来干燥香精乳液。该干燥器配备有压缩空气驱动的转轮雾化器(在25,000rpm下操作),并且经由旋风分离器回收干燥粉末。将入口空气温度设定为190℃,并且控制乳液进料速率以得到90℃的出口空气温度。对于该运行,进料速率为50g/min,总干燥时间为19分钟。在干燥器中几乎没有产品滞留,并且回收了420克干燥粉末(85%收率)。
然而,对于香精应用,该实施例与实施例3非常类似。在这种情况下,干燥成品是相同的,二者具有50%香精负载。尽管印刷干燥的香料颗粒不需要那么多的工艺用水,但是改性淀粉制剂非常适合于这两种方法。
实施例7:印刷的香精微胶囊(淀粉基质)
制备香精微胶囊在改性淀粉和水的溶液中的悬浮液(表16)。
表16
材料 | 量(g) | 湿% | 干% |
自来水 | 181.0 | 30.2 | 0 |
改性淀粉 | 214.5 | 35.7 | 70 |
Eden PU微胶囊 | 204.5 | 34.1 | 30 |
总计 | 600.0 | 100.0 | 100 |
在1,000ml玻璃烧杯中,使用IKA Eurostar顶置式混合器在适度的速度(~800rpm)下将以商标100(Ingredion)销售的改性淀粉溶解在热水(50-55℃)中。用于该实验的Eden香精微胶囊基于聚脲芯-壳胶囊化学,其中在分散相中的异氰酸酯与连续相中的胺之间发生界面聚合。这些聚脲微胶囊的香精负载为31%,水分含量为55%,并且平均胶囊尺寸为10.9微米。通过将烧杯置于冰浴中并且同时保持搅拌,将改性淀粉溶液冷却至室温。然后,添加Eden聚脲香精微胶囊并且使其混合10分钟。悬浮液在22℃的表观粘度为1,650cP(Brookfield DV-III,主轴#4@60rpm)。
然后将表16提供的Eden香精微胶囊悬浮液转移到与实施例3所述相同的实验室印刷系统中。将大约25ml的Eden香精微胶囊悬浮液添加到印刷机进料储存器中。将储存器密封并且用压缩空气加压至15psi。Nordson喷射阀被配置成具有0.40mm喷嘴盖,将气动致动器设定为33psi,并且将力螺旋设定为1-3/8圈。然后启动机器人分配系统,以将直径为大约1.0mm的Eden香精微胶囊悬浮液液滴的48x 87阵列印刷到涂层钢制烤盘(ChicagoMetallic)上。印刷后,使烤盘在环境实验室条件(22℃)下干燥过夜。将干燥粒状产品通过塑料油灰刀从托盘中移除。4,176个颗粒的总重量为0.71克,因此每个颗粒的重量为0.17mg。将该印刷和干燥程序重复10次,以收集略多于7克的干燥产品用以表征。
产生了类似的Eden香精微胶囊悬浮液,使得可以与喷雾干燥样品进行比较。考虑到表16中的配方由于高悬浮液粘度而无法按原样喷雾干燥,因此需要较高量的水,使得悬浮液粘度足够低,以在喷雾干燥器中进行良好的雾化。表17提供了用于喷雾干燥的所得配方。
表17
材料 | 量(g) | 湿% | 干% |
自来水 | 196.2 | 37.5 | 0 |
改性淀粉 | 167.3 | 32.0 | 70 |
Eden PU微胶囊 | 159.5 | 30.5 | 40 |
总计 | 523.0 | 100.0 | 100 |
在该实验中使用表16中使用的相同的Eden香精聚脲微胶囊样品。在2升不锈钢烧杯中,使用IKA Eurostar顶置式混合器在适度的速度(~600rpm)下将以商标100(Ingredion)销售的改性淀粉溶解在热水(50-55℃)中。通过将烧杯置于冰浴中并且同时保持搅拌,将改性淀粉溶液冷却至室温。然后,添加Eden聚脲香精微胶囊并且使其混合10分钟。进料浆料的粒度分析示出平均尺寸为~12微米,这证实了香精微胶囊保持完整。
然后将表17提供的Eden香精微胶囊悬浮液转移到喷雾干燥器进料容器中进行干燥。在该实验中使用实施例6中使用的相同的Niro Mobile Minor喷雾干燥器。将干燥器入口空气温度设定为190℃,并且控制乳液进料速率以得到90℃的出口空气温度。对于该运行,进料速率为50g/min,总干燥时间为10分钟。在干燥器中几乎没有产品滞留,并且回收了170克干燥粉末(72%收率)。
然而,对于香精应用,该实施例与实施例5非常类似。在这种情况下,干燥成品是相同的,二者具有21%香精负载。尽管印刷干燥的香料颗粒不需要那么多的工艺用水,但是改性淀粉制剂非常适合于这两种方法。
实施例8:印刷的香精微胶囊(盐基质)
按照表18的配方制备香精微胶囊、硫酸钠和水的混合物。
表18
材料 | 量(g) | 湿% | 干% |
Eden PU微胶囊 | 76 | 76 | 89.5 |
硫酸钠(盐) | 4 | 4 | 10.5 |
自来水 | 20 | 20 | 0 |
总计 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
在400ml玻璃烧杯中,使用IKA Eurostar顶置式混合器在适度的速度(~600rpm)下将硫酸钠(Na2SO4 CAS#7757-82-6)添加到Eden香精微胶囊浆料中。在该实验中也使用实施例7中使用的相同的Eden香精聚脲微胶囊样品。这些聚脲微胶囊的香精负载为31%,水分含量为55%,并且平均胶囊尺寸为10.9微米。微胶囊/盐混合物在22℃的粘度为3,500cP(Brookfield DV-III,主轴#4@60rpm)。
然后将表18提供的Eden香精微胶囊/盐混合物转移到与实施例3所述相同的实验室印刷系统中。将大约25ml的香精微胶囊/盐混合物添加到印刷机进料储存器中。将储存器密封并且用压缩空气加压至5psi。Nordson喷射阀被配置成具有0.40mm喷嘴盖,将气动致动器设定为30psi,并且将力螺旋设定为1-1/2圈。然后启动机器人分配系统,以将直径为大约1.5mm的Eden香精微胶囊/盐液滴的48x 87阵列印刷到涂层钢制烤盘(Chicago Metallic)上。印刷后,将烤盘在环境实验室条件(22℃)下干燥过夜。将干燥粒状产品通过塑料油灰刀从托盘中移除。4,176个颗粒的总重量为0.46克,因此每个颗粒的重量为0.11mg。将该印刷和干燥程序重复4次,以收集约1.5克干燥产品用以表征。
产生了类似的Eden香精微胶囊/盐混合物,使得可以与喷雾干燥样品进行比较。考虑到表18中的配方由于高粘度而无法按原样喷雾干燥,因此表19中的配方包括另外的水以降低粘度,用以在喷雾干燥器中进行良好的雾化。
表19
材料 | 量(g) | 湿% | 干% |
Eden PU微胶囊 | 380 | 54.3 | 89.5 |
硫酸钠(盐) | 20 | 2.9 | 10.5 |
自来水 | 300 | 42.8 | 0 |
总计 | 700 | 100 | 100 |
在该实验中使用表18中使用的相同的Eden香精聚脲微胶囊样品。在2升不锈钢烧杯中,使用IKA Eurostar顶置式混合器在适度的速度(~600rpm)下将硫酸钠(Na2SO4 CAS#7757-82-6)和自来水添加到Eden香精微胶囊浆料中。进料浆料的粒度分析示出平均尺寸为~12微米,这证实了香精微胶囊保持完整。
然后将表19所示的Eden香精微胶囊/盐混合物转移到喷雾干燥器进料容器中进行干燥。在该实验中使用实施例6中使用的相同的Niro Mobile Minor喷雾干燥器。将干燥器入口空气温度设定为190℃,并且控制乳液进料速率以得到90℃的出口空气温度。对于该运行,进料速率为50g/min,总干燥时间为14分钟。在干燥器中几乎没有产品滞留,并且回收了175克干燥粉末(90%收率)。
在该实施例中,印刷干燥和喷雾干燥方法二者对于具有盐制剂的香精微胶囊都非常有效。然而,印刷干燥方法需要显著更少的工艺用水。干燥成品是相同的,二者都具有21%香精负载。
实施例9:印刷的天然鸡肉香料
肉反应香料可能难以干燥,特别是具有高脂肪水平的那些。在该实施例中,将鸡肉反应香料与表20提供的天然载体基质一起干燥。
表20
材料 | 量(g) | 湿% | 干% |
自来水 | 43.50 | 14.50 | 0 |
菊粉 | 29.60 | 9.87 | 14.65 |
盐 | 49.33 | 16.44 | 24.38 |
马铃薯蛋白 | 19.73 | 6.58 | 9.75 |
水煮鸡肉香料 | 157.85 | 52.62 | 51.25 |
总计 | 300.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
通过常规的分批热过程在加压反应釜中制备水煮鸡肉反应香料(液体)。该反应香料的水分含量为34.3%并且脂肪含量为9.8%。为了配制用于印刷的进料溶液,将热水(50-55℃)添加到600ml玻璃烧杯中。使用IKA Eurostar顶置式混合器在适度的速度(~800rpm)下缓慢添加三种载体粉末(菊苣根菊粉、细鳞片状盐和以商标300销售的马铃薯蛋白),直到完全溶解。使用实验室热板以将溶液温度保持在50℃。在混合的同时,将鸡肉香料添加到载体溶液中。然后,使用顶置式高剪切混合器(IKA T25)在9,500rpm下将溶液乳化2分钟。剪切后,将溶液保持温热并且搅拌直到准备印刷。该溶液在22℃的粘度为8,517 cP(Brookfield DV-III@主轴#6@60rpm)。
然后将表20提供的鸡肉香料混合物转移到与实施例3所述相同的实验室印刷系统中。将大约25ml的混合物添加到印刷机进料储存器中。将储存器密封并且用压缩空气加压至20psi。Nordson喷射阀被配置成具有0.40mm喷嘴盖,将气动致动器设定为38psi,并且将力螺旋设定为1-1/2圈。然后启动机器人分配系统,以将直径为大约1.1mm的香料混合物的48x 87阵列印刷到涂层钢制烤盘(Chicago Metallic)上。以这种方式印刷四个托盘。将烤盘在环境实验室条件(22℃)下干燥过夜。将干燥粒状产品通过塑料油灰刀从托盘中移除。印刷的4,176x 4个颗粒中的每个颗粒的平均重量为0.22mg。收集总计3.6克干燥产品用以表征。
尝试将上述相同的鸡肉香料进行喷雾干燥。然而,不得不用水稀释进料溶液以降低粘度,以在喷雾干燥器中进行良好的雾化并且降低脂肪水平。表21提供了所得配方。
表21
材料 | 量(g) | 湿% | 干% |
自来水 | 1200 | 48 | 0 |
菊粉 | 150 | 6 | 14.63 |
盐 | 250 | 10 | 24.38 |
马铃薯蛋白 | 100 | 4 | 9.75 |
水煮鸡肉香料 | 800 | 32 | 51.25 |
总计 | 2500 | 100 | 100.00 |
在20升不锈钢夹套反应器(Pope Scientific)中,在适度的搅拌(~250rpm)下将三种载体粉末溶解在热水(50-55℃)中。通过将热水循环通过反应器夹套,将溶液保持温热。在混合的同时,将鸡肉香料添加到载体溶液中。然后借助旋转凸轮泵(Unibloc-PD)将乳液循环通过Silverson Verso管线式高剪切混合器。打开高剪切混合器并且设定为2,500rpm,以乳化鸡肉香料。在7.5分钟的剪切时间后,关闭循环泵并且关闭反应器底阀。将反应器中的溶液保持温热并且搅拌直到准备干燥。该溶液在58℃的粘度为210cP(BrookfieldDV-III@主轴#4@60rpm)。
然后将表21提供的鸡肉反应香料转移到喷雾干燥器进料容器中进行干燥。将实施例3中使用的相同的中试喷雾干燥器用于干燥该鸡肉香料。将入口空气温度设定为190℃,并且控制乳液进料速率以得到90℃的出口空气温度。对于该运行,进料速率为167g/min,总干燥时间为15分钟。不幸的是,这种天然鸡肉香料配方无法在喷雾干燥器中良好地干燥。在干燥室内存在相当多的产品堆积,因此不佳的收率(26%d.b.)导致仅回收230g的干燥粉末。
该实施例示出了印刷干燥方法如何处理不适于喷雾干燥的高粘度进料。这种特殊的鸡肉反应香料在干燥过程期间也很粘,这使得喷雾干燥成为问题。喷雾干燥所需的工艺用水的量是用于印刷干燥方法的三倍以上。尽管用于这两种方法的干燥产品组成是相同的,但是喷雾干燥的不佳收率使得印刷干燥方法成为用于这些类型的干燥反应香料的更好选择。
实施例10:使用红外反应干燥的印刷的前体香料
在该实施例中,将前体香料化学品(表22)的共混物溶解在水中,印刷到烤盘上,然后进行热处理以促进香料反应。
表22
材料 | 量(g) | 湿% | 干% |
自来水 | 50.00 | 33.33 | 0 |
磷酸三钠 | 1.50 | 1.00 | 1.50 |
鸡汤粉末 | 33.00 | 22.00 | 33.00 |
蔬菜汤香料粉末 | 12.50 | 8.33 | 12.50 |
酵母提取物 | 10.00 | 6.67 | 10.00 |
L-半胱氨酸盐酸盐一水合物 | 7.50 | 5.00 | 7.50 |
L-脯氨酸 | 6.25 | 4.17 | 6.25 |
L-精氨酸 | 6.25 | 4.17 | 6.25 |
L-亮氨酸 | 4.00 | 2.67 | 4.00 |
一水合右旋糖 | 15.00 | 10.00 | 15.00 |
右旋木糖(D-xylose) | 4.00 | 2.67 | 4.00 |
总计 | 150.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
将表22中列出的粉状成分添加到400ml玻璃烧杯中。然后添加约一半的水,并且使用刮刀手动混合以润湿所有粉末。然后添加剩余的水,并且使用IKA Eurostar顶置式混合器在低速(~300rpm)下将全部浆料混合15分钟。混合物在22℃的粘度为3,000cP(Brookfield DV-III,主轴#4@60rpm)。
然后将表22提供的鸡肉反应香料混合物转移到与实施例3所述相同的实验室印刷系统中。将大约25ml的混合物添加到印刷机进料储存器中。将储存器密封并且用压缩空气加压至10psi。Nordson喷射阀被配置成具有0.40mm喷嘴盖,将气动致动器设定为47psi,并且将力螺旋设定为1-3/8圈。然后启动机器人分配系统,以将直径为大约1.1mm的香料混合物的48x 87阵列印刷到涂层钢制烤盘(Chicago Metallic)上。以这种方式印刷四个托盘。
将两个烤盘置于常规烘箱(Metro C5 3系列加热保温柜)中,并且使其在50℃干燥60分钟。这些托盘中的每一个都具有4,176个点,每个点在干燥后具有1.34克或0.32mg的平均重量。
使用红外加热灯(Fostoria,型号FFH-512A,550瓦)将其他两个托盘干燥45分钟。在这段时间内,托盘上的点的表面温度升高到最高125℃(点阵列的中心)和最低110℃(点阵列的边缘处)。这些托盘中的每一个都具有4,176个点,每个点在干燥后具有1.0克或0.24mg的平均重量。
品评小组对印刷烘箱干燥样品相对于印刷红外干燥样品进行评价。在0.3%的盐和0.07%的干燥香料的品评溶液中进行评价。印刷的红外干燥样品的香料强度比印刷的烘箱干燥样品高得多。表23给出了小组成员的平均评分。
表23
感官感觉 | 烘箱干燥的 | 红外干燥的 |
整体香味 | 2.0 | 4.2 |
总香料 | 2.0 | 3.4 |
白肉 | 1.8 | 2.8 |
水煮蛋 | 1.8 | 2.5 |
烧烤的 | 0.6 | 2.0 |
洋葱&大蒜 | 0.8 | 0.7 |
盐&鲜味 | 1.6 | 2.2 |
强度等级的量度为0到5,其中5为最强的。
该实施例不仅证实了干燥印刷的制剂的可行性,而且还证实了使用红外加热诱导原位香料反应的可行性。传统的干燥反应香料通常需要干燥后的研磨步骤,该研磨步骤由于产品的吸湿性而是有问题的。印刷干燥/反应方法避免了对产品研磨的需要,因为产品在印刷步骤期间形成为离散的颗粒。根据本发明,通过印刷香料极大地简化了整体材料处理。
Claims (37)
1.一种用于印刷和干燥香料或香精的方法,所述方法包括:
(a)将香料或香精印刷在可移动产品输送机上,所述可移动产品输送机直接接收印刷的香料或香精;以及
(b)将所述香料或香精在所述可移动产品输送机上干燥以产生干燥产品。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述香料或香精包含与载体和溶剂混合的香料或香精。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中将所述香料或香精囊封在芯-壳微胶囊中。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法,其中所述芯-壳微胶囊与载体和溶剂混合。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述香料或香精的粘度大于500cP。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述香料或香精的粘度大于1000cP。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中将所述香料或香精印刷成阵列。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述可移动产品输送机包含不粘带。
9.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中香料或香精用低于100℃的温度的空气干燥。
10.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中香料或香精用干燥空气干燥。
11.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中香料或香精用辐射热源干燥。
12.根据权利要求1所述的方法,所述方法还包括:
(c)从可移动产品输送机中卸载所述干燥产品。
13.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中将所述香料或香精印刷成点图案。
14.根据权利要求13所述的方法,其中所述点图案被布置成促进干燥、后加工和产品质量。
15.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述香料是食品。
16.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述香料是反应香料。
17.通过根据权利要求1所述的方法制备的干燥香料或香精。
18.根据权利要求17所述的干燥香料或香精,其中印刷到所述可移动产品输送机上的所述香料或香精具有至少50%的进料固体含量,并且所述干燥香料或香精具有大体上均匀的尺寸分布。
19.一种用于印刷和干燥香料和香精的系统,所述系统包含:
(a)香料或香精源;
(b)适合于印刷所述香料或香精的印刷组件;
(c)干燥部件;以及
(d)可移动产品输送机,所述可移动产品输送机直接接收印刷的香料或香精并且与所述干燥部件相邻。
20.根据权利要求19所述的系统,其中所述香料或香精源包含与载体和溶剂混合的香料或香精。
21.根据权利要求19所述的系统,其中将所述香料或香精囊封在芯-壳微胶囊中。
22.根据权利要求21所述的系统,其中芯-壳微胶囊与载体和溶剂混合。
23.根据权利要求19所述的系统,其中所述香料或香精的粘度大于500cP。
24.根据权利要求19所述的系统,其中所述香料或香精的粘度大于1000cP。
25.根据权利要求19所述的系统,其中所述印刷组件包含喷嘴阵列或印刷头。
26.根据权利要求19所述的系统,其中所述印刷组件适合于印刷粘度为至少500cP的香料或香精。
27.根据权利要求19所述的系统,其中所述印刷组件适合于印刷粘度为至少1000cP的香料或香精。
28.根据权利要求19所述的系统,其中所述可移动产品输送机包含不粘带。
29.根据权利要求19所述的系统,其中供应至所述干燥部件的空气的温度低于100℃。
30.根据权利要求19所述的系统,所述系统还包含除湿器,所述除湿器被配置成向所述干燥部件供应干燥空气。
31.根据权利要求19所述的系统,所述系统还包含补充能源,所述补充能源用于促进印刷的香料或香精的干燥。
32.根据权利要求31所述的系统,其中所述补充能源是辐射热源。
33.根据权利要求19所述的系统,所述系统还包含:
(e)产品卸载部件,所述产品卸载部件用于从所述可移动产品输送机中移除干燥产品。
34.根据权利要求19所述的系统,其中所述印刷组件适合于将所述香料或香精印刷成点图案。
35.根据权利要求34所述的系统,其中所述点图案被布置成促进干燥、后加工和产品质量。
36.根据权利要求19所述的系统,其中所述香料是食品。
37.根据权利要求19所述的系统,其中所述香料是反应香料。
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US201862665206P | 2018-05-01 | 2018-05-01 | |
US62/665,206 | 2018-05-01 | ||
PCT/US2019/029371 WO2019212896A1 (en) | 2018-05-01 | 2019-04-26 | System and method for printing and drying flavors and fragrances |
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CN112041176A true CN112041176A (zh) | 2020-12-04 |
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CN201980029411.4A Pending CN112041176A (zh) | 2018-05-01 | 2019-04-26 | 用于印刷和干燥香料和香精的系统和方法 |
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US (1) | US12030326B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP3787904A4 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN112041176A (zh) |
BR (1) | BR112020022151A2 (zh) |
MX (1) | MX2020011612A (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2019212896A1 (zh) |
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WO2020131855A1 (en) | 2018-12-18 | 2020-06-25 | International Flavors & Fragrances Inc. | Guar gum microcapsules |
WO2021207159A1 (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2021-10-14 | Oregon Drytech, Llc | Drying apparatus |
EP4209265A1 (en) | 2022-01-07 | 2023-07-12 | International Flavors & Fragrances Inc. | Biodegradable chitosan microcapsules |
EP4212239A1 (en) | 2022-01-14 | 2023-07-19 | International Flavors & Fragrances Inc. | Biodegradable prepolymer microcapsules |
CN118031571B (zh) * | 2024-04-11 | 2024-06-07 | 潍坊广富非织造材料有限公司 | 一种用于水刺无纺布的烘干设备及其使用方法 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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WO2019212896A1 (en) | 2019-11-07 |
MX2020011612A (es) | 2020-12-09 |
US20210086525A1 (en) | 2021-03-25 |
EP3787904A4 (en) | 2021-12-29 |
BR112020022151A2 (pt) | 2021-01-26 |
US12030326B2 (en) | 2024-07-09 |
EP3787904A1 (en) | 2021-03-10 |
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