CN112021258A - Flocks turnover method for large-scale sheep farm - Google Patents
Flocks turnover method for large-scale sheep farm Download PDFInfo
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- CN112021258A CN112021258A CN202010941926.6A CN202010941926A CN112021258A CN 112021258 A CN112021258 A CN 112021258A CN 202010941926 A CN202010941926 A CN 202010941926A CN 112021258 A CN112021258 A CN 112021258A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/0005—Stable partitions
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention relates to a flock turnover method for a large-scale sheep farm, which comprises the following specific steps: arranging a plurality of composite sheepcots and conjuncted sheepcots in a sheep farm; arranging a plurality of sheds in a ewe house to be matched as breeding male sheds; numbering each fence in the composite sheep pen and then dividing the number into a pregnant sheep fence and a weaning sheep fence; the pregnant sheep pen comprises a normal pen, a weight-reducing pen and a weight-increasing pen; when the pregnant ewe is delivered, transferring the weaned ewe in the weaned ewe fence to a ewe house to be prepared, and dispersing the delivered ewe and lamb into a composite ewe house for feeding; after the lambs are weaned, the lambs are placed in a weaning sheep hurdle, the ewes are moved to a to-be-matched ewe house or a dry milk house, and the next batch of pregnant ewes are transferred into the pregnant ewe hurdle from the matched ewe house. The method can reduce flock turnover of bred sheep, pregnant ewes, lactational ewes and lambs, reduce stress risk of flocks, reduce workload and feeding management cost, and improve production efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of livestock raising, and particularly relates to a flock turnover method for a large-scale sheep farm.
Background
In the prior art, the large-scale sheep farm is generally divided into groups by taking physiological states, sexes, ages and fetal times as distinguishing conditions, and then the groups are arranged in different sheepcots. The ewes in the light fetus period, the ewes in the heavy fetus period and the ewes in the lactation period of the sheep farm are fed independently. Production practices show that the large-scale sheep farm planning overcomes the defect of free-ranging of farmers, can effectively control the estrus time of sheep flocks and estrus at the same time, and can carry out scientific and reasonable feed preparation according to different physiological stages to feed the sheep flocks in a targeted manner. However, in the production process of the large-scale sheep farm, the sheep must be changed into group after reaching a certain physiological stage. In the group transferring process, if the size of the sheep farm is large, stress is easily generated in the long-distance group transferring process of the sheep group, and the negative influence is exerted on the production of the sheep. In addition, the ewes are transferred from the breeding house to the breeding house, transferred to the post-breeding ewe house after breeding, transferred to the delivery room after the pregnant ewes lamb, transferred to the lambing house from the delivery room after a week, and turned back in the whole process, so that the stress risk of the ewe group is increased, the feeding density of the lambing ewes is reduced relative to that of the pregnant ewes, and the workload and the feeding management cost are increased.
Through a search, no published patent literature relevant to the present patent application has been found.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a flock turnover method for a large-scale sheep farm.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a flock turnover method for a large-scale sheep farm comprises the following specific steps:
step one, arranging a plurality of composite sheepcots and conjoined sheepcots in a sheep farm; the compound sheepcote is arranged on two sides of the conjuncted sheepcote, wherein the conjuncted sheepcote comprises a post-matching sheepcote and a to-be-matched sheepcote, and a plurality of columns are arranged in the compound sheepcote and the conjuncted sheepcote;
step two, arranging a plurality of hurdles in the ewe house to be matched as stud ram hurdles, and placing stud rams in the stud rams;
thirdly, numbering the columns in the composite sheep pen and then dividing the columns into pregnant sheep columns and weaning sheep columns, wherein the pregnant ewes of the batch are placed into the pregnant sheep columns according to a production plan, and the weaning sheep columns are placed with the weaning sheep of the previous batch;
step four, the pregnant sheep hurdles comprise a normal hurdle, a weight-reducing hurdle and a weight-increasing hurdle, and the pregnant sheep hurdles are placed in the normal hurdle, the weight-reducing hurdle and the weight-increasing hurdle according to the body conditions of the pregnant sheep;
fifthly, when the pregnant ewe gives birth, transferring the weaned ewe in the weaning sheepcote to the ewe house to be matched, and dispersing the ewe and the lamb after delivery into the composite ewe house for feeding;
sixthly, placing the lambs in the weaning sheepcote after the lambs are weaned, moving the ewes to a to-be-matched ewe house or a dry-milk house, and transferring the next batch of pregnant ewes to the pregnant sheepcote from the matched ewe house.
And the feeding of the weaned sheep hurdles and the normal hurdles adopts concentrated feed with the same proportion.
And the weight-reducing fence is used for feeding coarse fodder, and the weight-increasing fence is improved by 30-50% on the basis of the original concentrate supply.
And in the third step, the pregnant ewes are placed in sequence according to the hybridization time sequence of the pregnant ewes in the process of transferring the pregnant ewes to the pregnant ewe sheepcote, and the weaning sheepcote is arranged on one side of the ewe with the earliest hybridization time.
And in the fifth step, after the pregnant ewe is delivered, the ewe and the mother-child are marked identically, and the ewe producing more lambs and the ewe producing single lambs are matched and placed in each subfield.
In the fifth step, the ewes producing multiple lambs in each compartment of the composite sheepfold are: the number of ewes producing a single lamb was ± 3.
And in the fifth step, 4-7 days after the ewes are born, performing fence merging, and performing fence separation on the ewes and the lambs to set a lamb feeding fence.
And in the process of combining the lambs, three columns are taken as a unit, the lambs are placed in the middle, the female sheds are arranged on the two sides of the lambs, and a plurality of units are arranged in the composite sheepcote.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
1. the method can reduce the flock turnover of bred sheep, pregnant ewes, lactating ewes and lambs, reduce the stress risk of flocks, reduce the workload and the feeding management cost, and improve the production efficiency.
2. The invention establishes a flock turnover method of a large-scale sheep farm, which is characterized in that the time required by weaning ewes from weaning development to adaptation period is consistent with the gestation period of pregnant ewes, the pregnant ewes are transferred into a composite sheepcote from the matched sheepcote, and after the same time, when the pregnant ewes are produced, the weaning ewes of the previous batch on one side in the sheepcote are developed to a sexual maturity stage, so that the weaning ewes of the previous batch are transferred to the sheepcote to be matched, and the vacant hurdles are used by lambs and ewes. And after the group of lambs are weaned, the group of lambs are transferred to a weaning sheep hurdle for feeding like the previous group of weaned lambs, and at the moment, new pregnant ewes can be transferred to a pregnant ewe hurdle from a matched sheepcote, so that the group transfer of lambs is reduced to the maximum extent.
Lay conjuncted sheep hurdle between a plurality of compound sheepcotes in the sheep farm for place kind of ram, wait to join in marriage the ewe and join in marriage back ewe, form the linkage with compound sheepcote, utilize the dual function of compound sheepcote, will change crowd control on a large scale in the house, the crowd distance of changeing that has reduced the adaptation ewe and pregnant ewe has reduced breeder's work load, has promoted the work efficiency of whole sheep farm.
In addition, the level of concentrate supplementary feeding of pregnant sheep and weaning rearing sheep is close, and the concentrate of same ratio can be adopted with the concentrate of raising the early stage in pregnancy, and the concentrate of same ratio can be adopted with the concentrate of raising the later stage in pregnancy equally, can unify the concentrate of supplying with in the daily raising management of this compound sheep hurdle, alleviates breeder and batcher's work burden, is favorable to unified management, is favorable to automatic feeding equally.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a structural connection between a composite sheep pen and a conjoined sheep pen according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a full sheep cycle flow according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a layout diagram of the individual columns in the conjuncted sheep hurdle of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a layout diagram of the columns in the composite sheep pen.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for the purpose of illustration and not limitation, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
The raw materials used in the invention are conventional commercial products unless otherwise specified; the methods used in the present invention are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified.
A flock turnover method for a large-scale sheep farm comprises the following specific steps:
step one, arranging a plurality of composite sheepcots and conjoined sheepcots in a sheep farm; the compound sheepcote is arranged on two sides of the conjuncted sheepcote, wherein the conjuncted sheepcote comprises a post-matching sheepcote and a to-be-matched sheepcote, and a plurality of columns are arranged in the compound sheepcote and the conjuncted sheepcote; as shown in fig. 1;
step two, arranging a plurality of hurdles in the ewe house to be matched as stud ram hurdles, and placing stud rams in the stud rams;
thirdly, numbering the columns in the composite sheep pen and then dividing the columns into pregnant sheep columns and weaning sheep columns, wherein the pregnant ewes of the batch are placed into the pregnant sheep columns according to a production plan, and the weaning sheep columns are placed with the weaning sheep of the previous batch;
step four, the pregnant sheep hurdles comprise a normal hurdle, a weight-reducing hurdle and a weight-increasing hurdle, and the pregnant sheep hurdles are placed in the normal hurdle, the weight-reducing hurdle and the weight-increasing hurdle according to the body conditions of the pregnant sheep;
step five, when the pregnant ewe is delivered, transferring the weaned ewe in the weaned sheepcote to the to-be-matched sheepcote, and dispersing the delivered ewe and lambs into the composite sheepcote (the delivered ewes and lambs are dispersed into the composite sheepcote for feeding, and are dispersed into all sheepcotes for feeding, and the various sheepcots are used for separating the pregnant ewe during pregnancy, so that the ewes are fed for some body conditions, and the body conditions of the ewes and the lambs tend to be average after the ewes are delivered, and the ewes do not need to be fed in different sections according to the body conditions, so that the ewes and the lambs can be dispersed into the whole composite sheepcote for feeding);
and step six, placing the lambs in the weaning sheepcote after the lambs are weaned, moving the ewes to a to-be-matched ewe house or a dry-milk house (mainly, after the lactation period of the ewes is finished, the ewes need to be weaned to recover breasts), and transferring the next batch of pregnant ewes to the pregnant sheepcote from the matched ewe house.
Preferably, the feeding of the weaning sheep hurdles and the normal hurdles adopts concentrated feed with the same proportion.
Preferably, the weight-reducing fence is used for feeding coarse fodder, and the weight-increasing fence is improved by 30-50% on the basis of the original concentrate supply.
Preferably, in the third step, the pregnant ewes are placed in sequence according to the hybridization time sequence of the pregnant ewes in the process of transferring the pregnant ewes to the pregnant ewe sheepcote, and one side of the ewe with the earliest hybridization time is the weaning sheepcote.
Preferably, in the fifth step, after the pregnant ewe is delivered, the same mark is made on the mother and the son, and the ewe producing more lambs and the ewe producing single lambs are matched and placed in each column.
Preferably, in the fifth step, the ewes producing more lambs in each column of the compound sheep hurdle are: the number of ewes producing a single lamb was ± 3.
Preferably, in the fifth step, 4-7 days after the ewes are born, the ewes and the lambs are separated, and a lamb feeding fence is arranged.
Preferably, in the process of combining the lambs, three columns are taken as one unit, the lambs are placed in the middle, the ewe columns are arranged on the two sides of the lambs, and a plurality of units are arranged in the composite sheep house.
More specifically, the preparation and detection are as follows:
a scale sheep farm triplet sheep pen comprising:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, 12 combined sheepcots and 3 combined sheepcots are arranged in a sheep farm, wherein the combined sheepcots are triplet sheepcots, the two sides of each combined sheepcots are provided with the combined sheepcots, each combined sheepcots comprises two matched female sheepcots and 1 to-be-matched female sheepcots, 32 columns are arranged in each combined sheepcote, and 30 columns are arranged in each combined sheepcote;
step two, arranging 3 columns as stud ram columns and 1 column as trial ram columns in the 1-to-be-matched ewe house, placing stud rams in the 3 columns of stud ram columns, and placing trial rams in the 1 column of trial ram columns, wherein the trial rams mostly use Hu sheep;
step three: numbering the columns in the composite sheep pen, and then dividing the columns into pregnant sheep columns and weaning sheep columns, wherein the pregnant ewes of the batch are placed in the pregnant sheep columns according to a production plan, and the weaning sheep of the previous batch are placed in the weaning sheep columns;
step four, the pregnant sheep hurdles comprise a normal hurdle, a weight-reducing hurdle and a weight-increasing hurdle, and are placed in the normal hurdle, the weight-reducing hurdle and the weight-increasing hurdle according to the body conditions of the pregnant sheep; a thin sheep hurdle is also arranged in a to-be-matched ewe shed of the conjoined sheepcote, and ewes which are not suitable for matching temporarily are placed in the thin sheep hurdle for short-term supplementary feeding;
step five, when the pregnant ewe gives birth, transferring the weaned ewe in the weaned sheepcote to a to-be-matched ewe house in the conjoined sheepcote, and dispersing the delivered ewe and lamb into the compound sheepcote for feeding;
and step six, placing the lambs in a weaning sheep pen after the lambs are weaned, transferring the ewes to a dry milk house, and transferring the pregnant ewes of the next batch from the matched ewe house to the pregnant ewe pen.
Referring to fig. 2, in the above example, ewes are transferred to the post-matching ewe shed after the breeding of the to-be-matched ewe shed, and the to-be-matched ewe shed is provided for the subsequent estrus ewes in the sheep farm to be matched, and as the estrus cycles of the ewes in the same batch are sequentially divided, a cycle can be formed according to the herd transfer between the triplet sheephouse and the composite sheephouse in the growth and development stage of the weaned sheep.
As shown in figure 3, the specification parameters of each sheep pen of the triplet sheep pen are consistent, the length of each sheep pen is 98m, wherein the dung scraping machine is 2 m, each pen is 6 m, 16 pens are total, each pen is 32 pens, generally 22 ewes to be matched are placed in each pen, the width of each pen is 10 m, the width of each pen is 3.4 m, the feeding channel is 2.6 m, and the sewage channel is 1.2 m.
The 7 th shed is a breeding shed for breeding young ewes, all the young ewes and the weaned ewes in the farm are gradually transferred into the 7 th shed, wherein 15 columns and 16 columns are thin and weak ewes which are not suitable for breeding temporarily, the ewes which are bred in the trial situation on each day are sequentially placed from the 15 th and 16 th sheds in time sequence, 22 ewes are placed in each column, and the ewes are listed after the breeding on the day is finished. 660 pieces of the culture medium are placed in each house, and 660 pieces of the culture medium are placed in the houses of No. 8 according to the placing method after the houses of No. 9 are full, starting from the columns 15 and 16 of the houses of No. 9. After the 9 sheds are full, the 8 sheds 15 and 16 post-matched ewes placed in sequence are transferred out of the 8 sheds to the pregnant ewes in the compound sheds after pregnancy is detected. And (4) placing newly-matched ewes in the vacant column of the No. 8 shed in sequence until all the breeding ewes in the previous batch of the No. 9 shed are tested, and transferring out the ewes to form a breeding cycle period. No. 7 house is always used as a house to be matched, estrus, mating and transferring are carried out successively, then the supplementary pen is transferred (young sheep or weaned ginseng is matched with ewe), and No. 8 house and No. 9 house are always used as the circulating turnover circle of the matched ewe.
As shown in figure 4, the previous 12 stalls of young ewes 340 in the growing period are transferred to the ewe house to be matched according to the expected delivery period of the ewes in the current shed 5 days before delivery, and then the ewes in the previous shed are cleaned, disinfected, dried, and repaired in the empty shed and facilities. After young ewes in the rearing period are transferred out, the ewes in the No. 10 and No. 23 lambs enter the birth period in the hybridization sequence, the ewes are marked after birth, 7 ewes and 8 ewes in each lambs are placed at intervals from the 16 and 17 lambs, the ewes are laid in a way of matching with the ewes in the birth lambs, the advantage of good maternal performance of the Hu sheep is fully utilized, and the mutual milk eating of the lambs is facilitated. And (4) arranging all lambing ewes and lambs in the colony house according to the arrangement.
Making a combined fence in 5 days after all ewes are delivered, dividing the ewes and the lambs into separate fences, and arranging a lamb feeding fence, wherein in the fence combining process, three fences are taken as a unit, the lambs are placed in the middle, and ewe fences are arranged on two sides of the lambs, as shown in figure 1, 10 units can be arranged in a composite sheep fence, 330 original pregnant ewes are transferred in, generally, 320 ewes are normally delivered, 32 fences are arranged in each fence, 22 ewe fences are arranged in each fence, 15 ewes are placed in each fence, namely, all 320 ewes are delivered, and the fence is just full.
In the above example, the weaned sheep hurdle and the normal hurdle feed concentrate with the same proportion, and the concentrate is fed uniformly during feeding, and can be fed by a material mixing vehicle after being uniformly stirred by TMR (total mixed ration). On one side of the normal fence, 30-50% of concentrate is added on the basis of the original feed, and on the other side of the normal fence, the concentrate supply is stopped, and only coarse feed is provided.
The invention establishes a large-scale sheep farm triplet sheep house, the time required by weaning ewes from weaning development to adaptation period is consistent with the gestation period of the pregnant ewes, after the pregnant ewes are transferred into a compound sheep house, the same time is passed, when the pregnant ewes are produced, the weaning ewes of the previous batch on one side are developed to the sexual maturity stage, the weaning ewes of the previous batch are just transferred to a trial mating area, the vacant columns are used for the ewes and lambs of the lambs, the produced ewes and lambs do not need to be fed for one week in a delivery house and then transferred to a lambing house like the prior art, the step of transferring the group is reduced, more weaning stress is avoided to the ewes and lambs, after the batch of lambs are weaned, the new pregnant ewes are transferred to a lambing house like the feeding of the previous batch of weaning ewes, the transferring group of the new pregnant ewes to the pregnant ewes is reduced to the greatest extent, a compound sheep hurdle has exert dual function, will change crowd control in the hurdle, has reduced breeder's work load, has promoted the work efficiency in whole sheep farm.
In addition, the level of concentrate supplementary feeding of pregnant sheep and weaning rearing sheep is close, and the concentrate of same ratio can be adopted with the concentrate of raising the early stage in pregnancy, and the concentrate of same ratio can be adopted with the concentrate of raising the later stage in pregnancy equally, can unify the concentrate of supplying with in the daily raising management of this compound sheep hurdle, alleviates breeder and batcher's work burden, is favorable to unified management, is favorable to automatic feeding equally.
Finally, the ewe in the light gestation period is the pre-gestation period, and the ewe in the heavy gestation period is the late gestation period.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that: various substitutions, changes and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and the appended claims, and therefore the scope of the invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed.
Claims (8)
1. A flock turnover method for large-scale sheep farms is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following specific steps:
step one, arranging a plurality of composite sheepcots and conjoined sheepcots in a sheep farm; the compound sheepcote is arranged on two sides of the conjuncted sheepcote, wherein the conjuncted sheepcote comprises a post-matching sheepcote and a to-be-matched sheepcote, and a plurality of columns are arranged in the compound sheepcote and the conjuncted sheepcote;
step two, arranging a plurality of hurdles in the ewe house to be matched as stud ram hurdles, and placing stud rams in the stud rams;
thirdly, numbering the columns in the composite sheep pen and then dividing the columns into pregnant sheep columns and weaning sheep columns, wherein the pregnant ewes of the batch are placed into the pregnant sheep columns according to a production plan, and the weaning sheep columns are placed with the weaning sheep of the previous batch;
step four, the pregnant sheep hurdles comprise a normal hurdle, a weight-reducing hurdle and a weight-increasing hurdle, and the pregnant sheep hurdles are placed in the normal hurdle, the weight-reducing hurdle and the weight-increasing hurdle according to the body conditions of the pregnant sheep;
fifthly, when the pregnant ewe gives birth, transferring the weaned ewe in the weaning sheepcote to the ewe house to be matched, and dispersing the ewe and the lamb after delivery into the composite ewe house for feeding;
sixthly, placing the lambs in the weaning sheepcote after the lambs are weaned, moving the ewes to a to-be-matched ewe house or a dry-milk house, and transferring the next batch of pregnant ewes to the pregnant sheepcote from the matched ewe house.
2. The flock turnover method for the large-scale sheep farm according to claim 1, characterized in that: the feeding of the weaned sheep hurdle and the normal hurdle adopts concentrated feed with the same proportion.
3. The flock turnover method for the large-scale sheep farm according to claim 1, characterized in that: the weight-reducing fence is used for feeding coarse fodder, and the weight-increasing fence is improved by 30-50% on the basis of the original concentrated fodder supply.
4. The flock turnover method for the large-scale sheep farm according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the third step, in the process of transferring the pregnant ewes to the pregnant ewe sheepcote, placing the pregnant ewes in sequence according to the hybridization time sequence of the pregnant ewes, wherein one side of the ewe with the earliest hybridization time is the weaning sheepcote.
5. The flock turnover method for the large-scale sheep farm according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the fifth step, after the pregnant ewe parturites, the mothers and the mothers are marked with the same mark, and the ewes bearing multiple lambs and the ewes bearing single lambs are matched and placed in each subfield.
6. The flock turnover method for the large-scale sheep farm according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the fifth step, the ewes which produce more lambs in each column of the composite sheepcote are as follows: the number of ewes producing a single lamb was ± 3.
7. The flock turnover method for large-scale sheep farms according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: and in the fifth step, 4-7 days after the ewes are born, performing fence merging, and performing fence separation on the ewes and the lambs to set a lamb feeding fence.
8. The flock turnover method for the large-scale sheep farm according to claim 7, characterized in that: in the fence combining process, three fences are taken as one unit, lambs are placed in the middle of the three fences, female sheds are arranged on two sides of the lambs, and a plurality of units are arranged in the composite sheepcote.
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CN115226635A (en) * | 2022-08-22 | 2022-10-25 | 甘肃华瑞农业股份有限公司 | Automatic turnover colony house sheep pen with periodic motion and using method thereof |
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