CN112167164B - Circulation method for pregnant ewes, lactational ewes and lambs in large-scale sheep farm - Google Patents
Circulation method for pregnant ewes, lactational ewes and lambs in large-scale sheep farm Download PDFInfo
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- CN112167164B CN112167164B CN202010941920.9A CN202010941920A CN112167164B CN 112167164 B CN112167164 B CN 112167164B CN 202010941920 A CN202010941920 A CN 202010941920A CN 112167164 B CN112167164 B CN 112167164B
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- 241000283903 Ovis aries Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000000009 lactational effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 title abstract 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 235000019687 Lamb Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 241000283898 Ovis Species 0.000 claims description 90
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 244000144992 flock Species 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000035935 pregnancy Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012384 transportation and delivery Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000012173 estrus Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003754 fetus Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000006651 lactation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000481 breast Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035606 childbirth Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035790 physiological processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013439 planning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/0005—Stable partitions
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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Abstract
The invention relates to a circulation method of pregnant ewes, lactational ewes and lambs in a large-scale sheep farm, which comprises the following specific steps of: arranging a plurality of composite sheepcots in a sheep farm, wherein a plurality of fences are arranged in each composite sheepcote; numbering the cages in the composite sheep pen, and then dividing the cages into pregnant cages and weaning cages; the pregnant sheep pen comprises a normal pen, a weight-reducing pen and a weight-increasing pen; when the pregnant ewe gives birth, transferring the weaned ewe in the weaned sheepcote to a breeding house in a sheep farm, and dispersing the partured ewe and the partured lamb into a composite sheepcote for feeding; placing the lambs in a weaning sheep hurdle after the lambs are weaned, moving the ewes to a waiting shed or a dry milk shed, and transferring the pregnant ewes of the next batch into the pregnant sheep hurdle. The method can reduce flock turnover of pregnant ewes, lactating ewes and lambs, reduce stress risk of flocks, reduce workload and feeding management cost and improve production efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of livestock raising, and particularly relates to a circulation method of pregnant ewes, lactating ewes and lambs in a large-scale sheep farm.
Background
In the prior art, the large-scale sheep farm is generally divided into groups by taking physiological states, sexes, ages and fetal times as distinguishing conditions, and then the groups are arranged in different sheepcots. The ewes in the light fetus period, the ewes in the heavy fetus period and the ewes in the lactation period of the sheep farm are fed independently. Production practices show that the large-scale sheep farm planning overcomes the defect of free-ranging of farmers, can effectively control the estrus time of sheep flocks and estrus at the same time, and can carry out scientific and reasonable feed preparation according to different physiological stages to feed the sheep flocks in a targeted manner. However, in the production process of the large-scale sheep farm, the sheep must be changed into a group after reaching a certain physiological stage. In the group transferring process, if the size of the sheep farm is large, stress is easily generated in the long-distance group transferring process of the sheep group, and the negative influence is exerted on the production of the sheep. In addition, the ewes are transferred from the breeding house to the breeding house, transferred to the post-breeding ewe house after breeding, transferred to the delivery room after the pregnant ewes lamb, transferred to the lambing house from the delivery room after a week, and turned back in the whole process, so that the stress risk of the ewe group is increased, the feeding density of the lambing ewes is reduced relative to that of the pregnant ewes, and the workload and the feeding management cost are increased.
No published patent literature relevant to the present patent application has been found by search.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a large-scale circulation method for pregnant ewes, lactating ewes and lambs in a sheep farm.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a circulation method for pregnant ewes, lactating ewes and lambs in a large-scale sheep farm comprises the following specific steps:
step one, arranging a plurality of composite sheepcots in a sheep farm, wherein each composite sheepcote is internally provided with a plurality of hurdles;
step two, numbering the columns in the composite sheep pen, and then dividing the columns into pregnant sheep columns and weaning sheep columns, wherein the pregnant ewes of the batch are placed into the pregnant sheep columns according to a production plan, and the weaning sheep columns are placed with the weaning sheep of the previous batch;
step three, the pregnant sheep hurdle comprises a normal hurdle, a weight-reducing hurdle and a weight-increasing hurdle, and the pregnant sheep hurdle is placed in the normal hurdle, the weight-reducing hurdle and the weight-increasing hurdle according to the body condition of the pregnant sheep;
step four, when the pregnant ewe gives birth, transferring the weaned ewe in the weaned sheepcote to a breeding house in a sheep farm, and dispersing the delivered ewe and lamb into the composite sheepcote for feeding;
and step five, placing the lambs in a weaning sheepcote after the lambs are weaned, moving the ewes to a waiting shed or a dry milk shed, and transferring the pregnant ewes of the next batch into the pregnant sheepcote.
And the feeding of the weaned sheep hurdles and the normal hurdles adopts concentrated feed with the same proportion.
And the weight-reducing fence is used for feeding coarse fodder, and the weight-increasing fence is improved by 30-50% on the basis of the original concentrate supply.
And in the second step, the pregnant ewes are placed in sequence according to the hybridization time sequence of the pregnant ewes in the process of transferring the pregnant ewes to the pregnant ewe hurdle, and the weaning ewe hurdle is arranged on one side of the ewe with the earliest hybridization time.
In the fourth step, after the pregnant ewe parturites, the same mark is made for the mother and the son, and the ewe bearing more lambs and the ewe bearing single lambs are collocated and placed in each column.
In the fourth step, the ewes which produce more lambs in each column of the compound sheep house are as follows: the number of ewes producing a single lamb was ± 3.
And in the fourth step, 4-7 days after the ewes are born, the ewes are combined, the ewes and the lambs are separated, and a lamb feeding bar is arranged.
In the process of combining the lambs, three fences are taken as a unit, lambs are placed in the middle of the three fences, ewe fences are arranged on two sides of the lambs, and a plurality of units are arranged in the composite sheepcote.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
1. the method can reduce the flock turnover of pregnant ewes, lactating ewes and lambs, reduce the stress risk of flocks, reduce the workload and the feeding management cost and improve the production efficiency.
2. The invention establishes a large-scale method for circulating pregnant ewes, lactational ewes and lambs in a sheep farm, the time required by weaning ewes from weaning development to adaptation period is consistent with the gestation period of the pregnant ewes, after the pregnant ewes are transferred into a compound sheep house, the same time is passed, when the pregnant ewes are produced, the weaning ewes of the previous batch at one side are developed to a sexual maturity stage, the weaning ewes of the previous batch are just transferred to a trial estrus mating area, the vacant columns are used for the ewes and lambs of the born lambs, the produced ewes and lambs do not need to be transferred to the house with the lambs after being fed for one week like the feeding in the house in the prior art, the step of group transfer is reduced, more stress is avoided being brought to the ewes and lambs, the lambs are transferred to the weaning column as the milk-breaking ewes after the batch of lambs, and the new pregnant ewes can be transferred to the sheep column, the group of changeing of lamb crowd has been reduced to the at utmost, and a compound sheep hurdle has brought into play dual function, will change the crowd and control in the hurdle, has reduced breeder's work load, has promoted the work efficiency in whole sheep farm.
In addition, the level of concentrate supplementary feeding of pregnant sheep and weaning rearing sheep is close, and the concentrate of same ratio can be adopted with the concentrate of raising the early stage in pregnancy, and the concentrate of same ratio can be adopted with the concentrate of raising the later stage in pregnancy equally, can unify the concentrate of supplying with in the daily raising management of this compound sheep hurdle, alleviates breeder and batcher's work burden, is favorable to unified management, is favorable to automatic feeding equally.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural connection diagram of the composite sheep pen of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a layout diagram of each column in the composite sheepfold of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for the purpose of illustration and not limitation, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
The raw materials used in the invention are conventional commercial products unless otherwise specified; the methods used in the present invention are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified.
A circulation method for pregnant ewes, lactating ewes and lambs in a large-scale sheep farm comprises the following specific steps:
step one, arranging a plurality of composite sheepcots in a sheep farm, and arranging a plurality of hurdles in each composite sheepcote;
after numbering the bars in the composite sheep pen, dividing the bars into a pregnant sheep bar and a weaning sheep bar, wherein the pregnant ewes of the batch are placed into the pregnant sheep bar according to a production plan, and the weaning sheep bar is placed with weaning sheep of the previous batch;
step three, the pregnant sheep hurdle comprises a normal hurdle, a weight-reducing hurdle and a weight-increasing hurdle, and the pregnant sheep hurdle is placed in the normal hurdle, the weight-reducing hurdle and the weight-increasing hurdle according to the body condition of the pregnant sheep;
transferring the weaned sheep in the weaned sheepcote to a breeding house in a sheep farm when the pregnant ewe gives birth, and dispersing the parted ewes and lambs into the composite sheepcote (the parted ewes and lambs are dispersed into the composite sheepcote for feeding and are dispersed into all sheepcotes for feeding, and the various columnations divide the pregnant ewe during pregnancy, so that the pregnant ewes are fed according to body conditions, the pregnant ewes are over-fattened or the ewes which need to be supplemented with nutrition, and after the pregnant ewes give birth, the body conditions of the ewes and the lambs tend to be average, and the pregnant ewes do not need to be fed according to the body conditions, so that the pregnant ewes can be dispersed into the whole composite sheepcote for feeding);
and step five, placing the lambs in a weaning sheepcote after the lambs are weaned, moving the ewes to a waiting shed or a dry-milk shed (mainly, the ewes need to be weaned to recover breasts after the lactation period of the ewes is finished), and transferring the next batch of pregnant ewes into the pregnant sheepcote.
Preferably, the feeding of the weaning sheep hurdles and the normal hurdles adopts concentrated feed with the same proportion.
Preferably, the weight-reducing fence is used for feeding coarse fodder, and the weight-increasing fence is improved by 30% -50% on the basis of the original concentrate supply.
Preferably, in the second step, the pregnant ewes are placed in the pregnant ewe hurdle in sequence according to the hybridization time sequence of the pregnant ewes, and the weaning ewe hurdle is arranged on one side of the ewe with the earliest hybridization time.
Preferably, in the fourth step, after the pregnant ewe parturites, the same mark is made on the mother and the son, and the ewe bearing more lambs and the ewe bearing single lambs are matched and placed in each column.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the ewes which produce more lambs in each column of the compound sheep house are: the number of ewes producing a single lamb was ± 3.
Preferably, in the fourth step, 4-7 days after the ewes are born, the ewes and the lambs are separated, and a lamb feeding fence is arranged.
Preferably, in the process of combining the lambs, three fences are taken as one unit, lambs are placed in the middle, the two sides of each lamb are provided with the ewe fences, and a plurality of units are arranged in the composite sheepcote.
More specifically, the preparation and detection are as follows:
a circulation method for pregnant ewes, lactating ewes and lambs in a large-scale sheep farm comprises the following steps:
step one, arranging three composite sheepcots in a sheep farm, arranging 32 columns in each composite sheepcote, wherein the number of the composite sheepcots and the number of the columns in the sheepcots can be determined according to the number of the columns stored in the specific sheep in the sheep farm,
step two, numbering all the sheepcots in the composite sheepcote and then dividing the sheepcots into a pregnant sheepcote and a weaning sheepcote, wherein the pregnant ewes of the batch are placed into the pregnant sheepcote according to a production plan, and the weaning sheepcote is placed with weaning sheep of the previous batch;
step three, the pregnant sheep hurdles comprise a normal hurdle, a weight-reducing hurdle and a weight-increasing hurdle, and the pregnant sheep hurdles are placed in the normal hurdle, the weight-reducing hurdle and the weight-increasing hurdle according to the body conditions of the pregnant sheep;
step four, when the pregnant ewe gives birth, transferring the weaned ewe in the weaned sheepcote to a breeding house in a sheep farm, and dispersing the delivered ewe and lamb into a composite sheepcote for feeding;
and step five, placing the lambs in a weaning sheep pen after the lambs are weaned, transferring the ewes to a dry milk house, and transferring the next batch of pregnant ewes to a pregnant sheep pen.
In the above example, the previous 12-pen young ewes 340 were transferred out of the pen to the breeding house 5 days before delivery according to the expected delivery period of the ewes in the pen, and then the pen was cleaned, sterilized, dried, and the pen and facilities were repaired. After young ewes in the rearing period are transferred out, the ewes in the No. 10 and No. 23 lambs enter the childbirth period in the hybridization sequence, the ewes are marked after delivery, 7 ewes and 8 ewes in each lambs are placed at intervals from the 16 and 17 lambs, the lambs are laid in a matched mode with the ewes producing single lambs, the advantage of good maternal performance of the Hu sheep is fully utilized, and the lambs are facilitated to eat milk mutually; and (4) arranging all lambing ewes and lambs in the colony house according to the arrangement.
Making a combined fence in 5 days after all ewes are delivered, dividing the ewes and the lambs into separate fences, and arranging a lamb feeding fence, wherein in the fence combining process, three fences are taken as a unit, the lambs are placed in the middle, and ewe fences are arranged on two sides of the lambs, as shown in fig. 2, 10 units can be arranged in a composite sheep fence, 330 original pregnant ewes are transferred in, generally, 320 ewes are normally delivered, 32 fences are arranged in each fence, 22 ewe fences are arranged in each fence, 15 ewes are placed in each fence, namely, all 320 ewes are delivered, and the fence is just full.
In the above example, the weaned sheep hurdle and the normal hurdle feed concentrate with the same proportion, and the concentrate is fed uniformly during feeding, and can be fed by a material mixing vehicle after being uniformly stirred by TMR (total mixed ration). On one side of the normal fence, 30-50% of concentrate is added on the basis of the original feed, and on the other side of the normal fence, the concentrate supply is stopped, and only coarse feed is provided.
The invention establishes a large-scale method for circulating pregnant ewes, lactational ewes and lambs in a sheep farm, the time required by weaning ewes from weaning development to adaptation period is consistent with the gestation period of the pregnant ewes, after the pregnant ewes are transferred into a compound sheep house, the same time is passed, when the pregnant ewes are produced, the weaning ewes of the previous batch at one side are developed to a sexual maturity stage, the weaning ewes of the previous batch are just transferred to a trial estrus mating area, the vacant columns are used for the ewes and lambs of the born lambs, the produced ewes and lambs do not need to be transferred to the house with the lambs after being fed for one week like the feeding in the house in the prior art, the step of group transfer is reduced, more stress is avoided being brought to the ewes and lambs, the lambs are transferred to the weaning column as the milk-breaking ewes after the batch of lambs, and the new pregnant ewes can be transferred to the sheep column, the lamb shoal is reduced to the greatest extent, a composite sheep hurdle plays a dual function, the shoal is controlled in the hurdle, the workload of breeders is reduced, and the working efficiency of the whole sheep farm is improved.
In addition, the level of concentrate supplementary feeding of pregnant sheep and weaning rearing sheep is close, and the concentrate of same ratio can be adopted with the concentrate of raising the early stage in pregnancy, and the concentrate of same ratio can be adopted with the concentrate of raising the later stage in pregnancy equally, can unify the concentrate of supplying with in the daily raising management of this compound sheep hurdle, alleviates breeder and batcher's work burden, is favorable to unified management, is favorable to automatic feeding equally.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that: various substitutions, alterations and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure and appended claims, and accordingly, the scope of this disclosure is not limited to the embodiments disclosed.
Claims (2)
1. A circulation method for pregnant ewes, lactating ewes and lambs in a large-scale sheep farm is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following specific steps:
step one, arranging a plurality of composite sheepcots in a sheep farm, wherein each composite sheepcote is internally provided with a plurality of hurdles;
step two, numbering the columns in the composite sheep pen, and then dividing the columns into pregnant sheep columns and weaning sheep columns, wherein the pregnant ewes of the batch are placed into the pregnant sheep columns according to a production plan, and the weaning sheep columns are placed with the weaning sheep of the previous batch;
step three, the pregnant sheep hurdle comprises a normal hurdle, a weight-reducing hurdle and a weight-increasing hurdle, and the pregnant sheep hurdle is placed in the normal hurdle, the weight-reducing hurdle and the weight-increasing hurdle according to the body condition of the pregnant sheep;
step four, when the pregnant ewe gives birth, transferring the weaned ewe in the weaned sheepcote to a breeding house in a sheep farm, and dispersing the delivered ewe and lamb into the composite sheepcote for feeding;
placing the lambs in a weaning sheep hurdle after the lambs are weaned, moving the ewes to a waiting house or a dry milk house, and transferring the next batch of pregnant ewes into the pregnant sheep hurdle;
the feeding of the weaned sheep hurdle and the normal hurdle adopts concentrated feed with the same proportion;
the weight-reducing fence is used for feeding coarse fodder, and the weight-increasing fence is increased by 30-50% on the basis of the original concentrate supply;
in the second step, the pregnant ewes are placed in sequence according to the sequence of the hybridization time of the pregnant ewes in the process of transferring the pregnant ewes to the pregnant ewe sheds, and one side of the ewe with the earliest hybridization time is a weaning sheepcote;
in the fourth step, after the pregnant ewe parturites, the mothers and the mothers are marked with the same mark, and the ewes bearing multiple lambs and the ewes bearing single lambs are matched and placed in each subfield;
in the fourth step, the ewes producing more lambs in each column of the compound sheep house are as follows: the number of ewes producing a single lamb is +/-3;
in the fourth step, 4-7 days after the ewes are born, the ewes are combined, the ewes and the lambs are classified, and a lamb feeding fence is arranged.
2. The method for circulating pregnant ewes, lactating ewes and lambs in a large-scale sheep farm according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the fence combining process, three fences are taken as one unit, lambs are placed in the middle of the three fences, female sheds are arranged on two sides of the lambs, and a plurality of units are arranged in the composite sheepcote.
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