CN103299954A - Process management mode for efficient breeding of breeding pigs - Google Patents
Process management mode for efficient breeding of breeding pigs Download PDFInfo
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- CN103299954A CN103299954A CN 201310186931 CN201310186931A CN103299954A CN 103299954 A CN103299954 A CN 103299954A CN 201310186931 CN201310186931 CN 201310186931 CN 201310186931 A CN201310186931 A CN 201310186931A CN 103299954 A CN103299954 A CN 103299954A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a process management mode for efficient breeding of breeding pigs. The process management mode is characterized in that the breeding pigs are selected from a pigsty with a relatively high litter size of sows, all the sows are grouped and ranked according to hybridization time in a sow crate after hybridization, the crate is emptied and rinsed thoroughly before delivery, the milking sows are fed 2-3 times every day, and a piglet is injected with 1 ml of chalybeate like Xuekang, Ferrofax Plus or dextriferron to prevent anemia, orally takes antibiotics like an injection of Shouyou or 2 ml of gentamicin to prevent diarrhea, and is injected with 0.5 ml of sodium selenite VE to prevent the white muscle disease and also improve the resistance of the piglet against the diseases. Through the process management mode of breeding, the breed improvement and the efficient breeding of each piglet can reach the world advanced level.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of workflow management mode of efficiently breeding for boar.
Background technology
Seed selection and the feeding and management technology of breeding for boar at present are not easy to the procedure management, and the breed improvement of every pig and efficient breeding all can not be all linked with one another, do not have the management of scientific and precise, do not reach advanced international standard.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is that a kind of workflow management mode of efficiently breeding for boar is provided.
To achieve these goals, the present invention chooses seeds must be from the higher nest of number born of sow, pressing breeding time behind all insemination of sows arranges in pregnant positioning rail marshalling, the antenatal empty hurdle of giving a birth thoroughly cleans, feed nursing sow every day in nascent rear 2 days of 2~3 piglets injection blood health or richness and come the chalybeate 1ml such as blood, domestic animal sanguinin, the prevention anaemia; The friendly pin of oral antibiotic such as beast, gentamicin 2ml are with the prevention diarrhea.Injection sodium selenite VE0.5 ml with the prevention white muscle disease, also can improve piglet to the resistance of disease simultaneously.
The present invention is all linked with one another by breed improvement and the efficient breeding of every the pig of workflow management mode on above the breeding, scientific and precise, the farrowing rate of accomplishing my the multiparity sow of efficient breeding of product boar just can reach strong young more than 1,000, the rate of animals delivered to the slaughter-house of every sow reaches 24, surpass 8 of national standards, reach world-class levels.
Embodiment
Seed selection process of the present invention is:
1. weaning stage is selected to select and can carry out when weaned piglet for the first time.The standard of selecting is: piglet must meet the profile standard of this kind from the higher nest of number born of sow, grows, and body weight is larger, hair color is pure, and skin is ruddy, the wide length in back, and four limbs are solid strong, effectively nipple is more than 16, without hereditary defective, without blind nipple.
Selecting the reserve gilt from large nest, mainly is litter size and the number pigs weaned according to sow.Because the young number of birth nest is most important proterties in the reproductive trait, therefore be appropriate according to litter size, should stay as much as possible during wean.Whether to consider that the blood lineage will decide according to breeding objective.In general, primary election quantity is 15-30 times of the final predetermined boar of reserving seed for planting, and the 5---10 of sow doubly so that can there be the higher chance of selecting and remain the back, strengthens selection intensity, is conducive to obtain comparatively ideal selection progress.
2. measure the ending phase selectivity and measure when finishing, generally at 5-6 monthly ages, at this moment all basic expressions is out for the individual important production traits (except reproductive performance).Therefore, the critical period of choosing seeds during this one-phase, should be as the main separation stage.Should accomplish:
1, all having bad physiques, there is obvious illness in limbs, turn over nipple in having, the body body has major injury, especially little, the brood genetic defect person of appearance of external genital, can eliminate in advance.In addition, generally investigate the nipple defective limb hoof compactedness of sow.
2, all the other individualities all should be selected and remain or eliminate according to the composite index that the production traitss such as growth rate, efficiency of feed utilization and the live body thickness of backfat consist of.Must carry out individual choice according to exponential quantity, simultaneously also will be with reference to compatriot's achievement.The comparable many 15%---20% of quantity that finally select and remain of the quantity of selecting and remain in this stage.
3. at this moment breeding breeding and breeding stage select that replacement gilt had had twice selection, to its ancestors, grow and the aspect such as profile has had through comprehensively estimating.So the Main Basis in this period is individual reproductive performance own.
4. select eventually the stage to work as sow when the second fetus Breeding notes has been arranged, can make final selection, the Main Basis of selection is the reproductive performance of sow itself, at this moment can judge according to, compatriot own and ancestors' integrated information, reserves seed for planting determining whether.Boar can be made final selection according to comprehensive productivity of serving performance and offspring thereof etc.
Workflow management mode of the present invention is:
1,Working time every day flow process is:
7:30~8:00 observes swinery
8:00~8:30 feeds and raises
8:30~9:30 treatment
9:30~11:30 clears up, other work
14:00~15:30 washes swinery, clears up
15:30~17:00 treatment, other work
17:00~17:30 feeds and raises
2,Operational procedure
A) press in the pig age in days, carry out in batches Immunization programme, limit is raised the excellent plan of raising, expelling parasite plan and implemented.Replacement gilt breeding forerunner endoparasite and ectoparasite once carries out the injection of the vaccines such as encephalitis, parvovirus, swine fever, aftosa.
B) day feeding is twice.Limit is raised the excellent plan of raising: free choice feeding before 6 monthly ages of sow, 7 monthly ages suitably limited, January or two weeks is excellent raises before breeding is used.Limit when raising feeding capacity be controlled at below 2 ㎏ above or free choice feeding of 2.5 ㎏ during excellent raising.
C) carry out the replacement gilt record of oestrusing, and should record and transfer breeding rounding off person.When oestrus of sow records since 6 monthly age.Examine first oestrus, in order to when oestrusing for the second~three time, in time breed, and make a record.
D) raise on the single hurdle of reserve boar, can 2~3 first hurdles when colony house is inadequate, and join previous month single hurdle and raise.The replacement gilt groupuscule is raised, 5~8 first hurdles.
E) introduce first week of replacement gilt, suitably add some anti-stress medicines such as Wei Likang, Vc in the feed,, multidimensional, mineral additive etc.Suitably add in the feed simultaneously some antibiotic medicines as exhale the promise cellophane, exhale intestines to relax, Thailand goes out only, vibramycin, sharp proceomycin, terramycin etc.
F) outer draw pig about six weeks (40 days) suburb isolation period are arranged, namely introduce replacement gilt and supported 40 days in the isolation drylot feeding at least.If all turn-ofves of energy are preferably raised previous month of breeding, i.e. 7 monthly ages of sow, 8 monthly ages of boar.Change over to before the production line preferably and this packing sow or husband pig were raised together with more than two weeks.
G) every of replacement gilt every day feed 2.0~2.5 kilograms, according to different body conditions, breeding plan increase and decrease feeding capacity.Replacement gilt will arrange to feed the material of promoting the sexual maturity in first oestrus, Duos 1/3 than regulation material amount, and the material amount is reduced to 1.8~2.2Kg after the breeding.
H) entering the replacement gilt of distinguishing of breeding is put into sports ground 1-2 hour and tries the feelings inspection with boar every day.
I) following methods can stimulate oestrus of sow: transfer circle; Contact with different boars; Be placed near the sow that oestruses as far as possible; Carry out suitable motion; Limit is raised with excellent and is raised; Use hormone.
J) all entering should be eliminated above 60 days gilt out of heat after breeding is distinguished.
K) to suffering from the sick replacement gilt such as asthma, gastroenteritis, limb hoof disease, should isolate independent raising in a hurdle; This hurdle should be positioned at the last of pig house.Observe treatment and two courses for the treatment of have not yet to see and to take a favorable turn, should in time eliminate.
L) replacement gilt changes the breeding house at 7 monthly ages.Replacement gilt first joined the monthly age and must reach for 7.5 monthly ages, and body weight will reach more than the 110K g.Boar is just joined the monthly age and must reach for 8.5 monthly ages, and body weight will reach more than the 130K g.
3, the foster administrative skill operational procedure of the pregnant drylot feeding of breeding is:
7:30~9:00 heat detection (semen collection, semen deposition), breeding
9:00~9:30 feeds and raises
9:30~10:30 observes swinery, treatment
10:30~11:30 clears up, other work
14:00~15:30 flushing swinery pig body, other work
15:30~17:00 heat detection (semen collection, semen deposition), breeding
17:00~17:30 feeds and raises
4, operational procedure
(1) evaluation of oestrusing
Oestrus identify the best approach be carry out when tranquil when half-hour table after the sow feeding is existing (owing to the feeding time conflict, sow mainly for the identification of difficulty), carry out the evaluation of oestrusing for twice every day, respectively once check to adopt and manually look into the method that feelings combine with boar examination feelings morning and afternoon.1/3 of breeding person's all working time should be placed on oestrus of sow and identify.
(2) breeding:
1) joins first wean sow and return the feelings sow, then join selectively replacement gilt according to full load breeding plan, replacement gilt and return the feelings sow and need join enough three times.
2) initial stage implements artificial insemination and preferably adopts " 1+2 " breeding wony, and namely the first deuterzooid is handed over, second and third time artificial insemination; Promote " complete artificial insemination " breeding wony during condition maturity, and should progressively be transitioned into twice by three times.
3) breeding interval:
The multiparity sow that normally oestruses within a week: oestrus the morning, joins afternoon for the first time, and next day at the upper and lower noon is joined second and third time; Oestrus afternoon, next day earlier mating for the first time, join afternoon for the second time, join for the third time afternoon on the 3rd.Postweaning estrus is multiparity sow, primiparity replacement gilts (more than seven days) and the recurrence feelings late, earlier mating (oestrus and namely join for the first time), and should join at least three times.
5, the feeding and management of pregnant sow:
Pressing breeding time (cycle) behind all insemination of sows arranges in pregnant positioning rail marshalling.Conceived material is fed by standard in three stages.Each feed of throwing in wants accurate, fast, stress to reduce.Will give the material feeding of every pig time enough, the feed groove that do not discharge water too early is in order to avoid cause waste.The growth of livestock according to sow is adjusted inventory.Do not feed the moldy metamorphism feed, prevent from poisoning.Minimizing stress, anti-stream is prevented miscarriage.
6, the administrative skill operational procedure is supported in the childbirth drylot feeding:
Work schedule
7:30~8:30 sow, piglet feed and raise
8:30~9:30 treatment, beat overbit, cut tooth, the work such as docking, benefit iron
9:30~11:30 clears up, other work
14:30~16:00 clears up, other work
16:00~17:00 treatment, form
17:00~17:30 sow, piglet feed and raise
Operational procedure
(1) antenatal preparation
1, empty hurdle thoroughly cleans, and maintenance delivery room equipment with disinfectant continuous sterilizations twice such as Weicon, agricultural good fortune, sterilization prestige, dries rear for subsequent use afterwards.Flame disinfection or fumigation sterilization are preferably adopted in for the second time sterilization.
2, delivery room temperature preferably is controlled at about 25 ℃, and humidity 65~75% is produced the hurdle dripping device is installed, the incidence cooling of dripping in summer.
3, the expected date of childbirth is known in check, the pregnancy duration average out to 114 days of sow.
4, sow material reducing in 3 days antenatal postpartum, later free choice feeding, began to throw something and feed in antenatal 3 days Wei Likang or sodium bicarbonate, saltcake connect and fed for 1 week, check before the childbirth whether breast has milk to flow out, in order to carry out the preparation of practicing midwifery.
5, be ready to the medicine instruments such as 5% tincture of iodine, 0.1%KMnO4 disinfectant, antibiotic, oxytocins, heat-insulating lamp.
6, clean vulva and the breast of sow before the childbirth with the 0.1%KMnO4 disinfectant.
7, sow due to farrow is carried upper obstetric table the last week, and cleaning and sterilizing before the upper obstetric table drives endoparasite and ectoparasite once.
8, antenatal intramuscular injection moral power waits first 5 milliliters of long-acting terramycin.
9, antenatal postpartum the sow material add exhale that intestines relax 1-2 week, vibramycin etc., with prevention piglet white scour in postpartum.
(2) judge childbirth
1, vagina is red and swollen, again and again urinates.
2, glossy, the both sides breast of breast rises outward, is extruded with milk with hand and discharges, childbirth in 12~24 hours after colostrum occurs.
(3) practice midwifery
1, require have the special messenger to keep an eye on, each time departure must not surpass half an hour when practicing midwifery.
2, after the piglet birth, should be immediately with its mouth and nose mucus clearance, clean, with rag the pig body is dried, find that seemingly-dead pig in time rescues, whether the postpartum examination afterbirth all discharges, but such as retention of afterbirth or afterbirth full intramuscular injection oxytocins not.
3, disconnected navel 5% iodine tincture disinfection.
4, newborn piglet is put into incubator, keep the temperature inside the box more than 30 ℃.
5, help piglet to be able to eat colostrum, fixing nipple, birth weight is little is placed on the front, and large puts behind.Before piglet ate colostrum, the initial several milk of each nipple will squeeze out.
6, there is amniotic fluid to discharge, strongly exert duty and still surpassed 1 hour without piglet discharge or farrowing internal in rear 1 hour, namely be considered as difficult labour, need artificial practise midwifery.
(4) processing of difficult labour
1, sow intramuscular injection in just before giving birth front 1 day rule tire element or the Cloprostenol of difficult labour history are arranged, or injected oxytocin the same day expected date of childbirth.
2, sow due to farrow inertia of uterus or farrowing internal surpass person's injectable oxytocin half an hour, but will note using when cervical orifice is opened a business.
3, oxytocin injection still the reasons such as invalid or excessive owing to fetus, abnormal fetal position, contracted pelvis cause immediately artificial practise midwifery of difficult labour.
4, during artificial practise midwifery, cut flat nail, lubricated hand, arm and sterilization are then along with the uterine contractile rhythm and pace of moving things slowly stretches in the vagina; The centre of the palm makes progress, and the five fingers close up; Grab two back legs or the lower jaw part of piglet; During the Gilt Uterus expansion, begin to be pulled outwardly piglet, exert when duty is shunk and stop, it is light that action is wanted; Should help piglet to breathe (processing of seemingly-dead piglet: body before and after it is closed up, decontrols as axial inboard repeatedly for several times take lung) after pulling out piglet.Inject antibiotic in the postpartum vaginal, simultaneously intramuscular injection is capable to wait first course for the treatment of of antibiotic, in case generation hysteritis, vaginitis.
5, to the sow of difficult labour, should indicate the reason that difficult labour occurs at the sow card, so that the foundation of identifying is eliminated in the correct processing of next parity or conduct.
(5) postnatal care and raising
1, feed 2~3 times nursing sow every day, beginning material reducing in antenatal 3 days, decrescence 1/2~1/3 of Summer Solstice or the Winter Solstice constant, recover normal 3 days postpartum, free choice feeding is until weaned front 3 days.If sow is reluctant the material feeding of standing during feeding, should catch up with.
2, add 0.75~1.5% electrolyte, laxative (Wei Likang, sodium bicarbonate or saltcake) in the antenatal Postpartum Diets with prevention puerperal constipation, indigestion, poor appetite, add 1.2% NaHCO3 summer in the daily ration and can improve feed intake.
3, notice in lactation that environment is quiet, colony house cleans, drying, accomplish cool in summer and warm in winter.Observe at any time the feed intake of sow and the variation of lactation amount, in order to take in light of the circumstances corresponding measure.
4, injection blood health or richness are come the chalybeate 1ml such as blood, domestic animal sanguinin, the prevention anaemia in nascent rear 2 days of the piglet; The friendly pin of oral antibiotic such as beast, gentamicin 2ml are with the prevention diarrhea.Injection sodium selenite VE0.5 ml with the prevention white muscle disease, also can improve piglet to the resistance of disease simultaneously; When if the pig farm respiratory diseases is serious, the nasal spray kanamycin is prevented.The agalasisa sow is adopted lactagogue Chinese medicine spice or oral.
5, newborn piglet will weigh, beat overbit, cut tooth, docking in 24 hours.Disconnected navel is advisable the broken ends of fractured bone 5% iodine tincture disinfection to stay 3cm; When being necessary to beat overbit, avoid the blood vessel place, indentation, there is wanted 5% iodine tincture disinfection as far as possible; Up and down both sides canine tooth is cut at neat root of the tooth place after cutting dental forceps 5% iodine tincture disinfection, and weak son does not cut tooth; During docking, root of the tail section stays that cut off at the 3cm place, 5% iodine tincture disinfection.
6, the suitable food in one's mouth of crossing was entrusted one's child to the care of sb. adjustment after piglet ate colostrum, and the piglet number is equated with the teat number of sow, prevented untapped nipple atrophy, thereby affected the milk performance of next tire.When entrusting one's child to the care of sb., age in days differs and is no more than 3 days between piglet, large piglet is sent, when sending with the whole body of foster mother's milk erasing piglet to be posted.
7,3~7 age in days boar pig castrations are wanted thoroughly during castration, and otch should not be too large, postoperative 5% iodine tincture disinfection.
8, delivery room preference temperature, 27 ℃ of 1 weeks of minute puerperium, 26 ℃ of 2 weeks, 24 ℃ of three weeks, 22 ℃ all around.The incubator temperature: nascent 36 ℃, 30 ℃ of body weight 2 kg, 29 ℃ of 4 kg, 6 kg28 ℃, more than 6 kg~wean 27 ℃ 24~26 ℃ of rear three weeks of wean.
9, the delivery room will keep dry, as long as produce in the hurdle piggy is arranged, just can not the water flushing.The prevention piglet white scour is with reference to " yellowish-white dysentery comprehensive preventive health measures ".
10, feed supplement: 5~7 ages in days begin to lure feed supplement after the birth, keep the hopper cleaning, and feed is fresh.Duty is added few adding, and will mend night and add a defective material.Feed supplement every day number of times is 4~5 times.
11, the delivery room personnel must not leave the post without authorization, and each time departure was controlled in 1 hour when having other work to have no alternative but leave the post.
12, average 21~25 ages in days wean of piglet, circle is not changed in disposable wean, does not reload.Connect before and after the wean to feed and opened tonic salt in case stress in 3 days.
13, a week after the wean, transition feed gradually, wean two days is noted the limit material, in case indigestion causes diarrhea.
Will suitably wean in advance because of the too much and thin and weak sow of weightlessness in lactation, weaning needed suitably limit material in front 3 days.
Claims (5)
1. be used for the workflow management mode that boar efficiently breeds, it is characterized in that: the seed selection process is: the standard that weaning stage is selected is that piglet must meet the profile standard of this kind from the higher nest of number born of sow, and effectively nipple is more than 16, without hereditary defective, without blind nipple.
2. setly according to claim 1 be used for the workflow management mode that boar efficiently breeds, it is characterized in that: carry out in batches Immunization programme, limit and raise the excellent plan of raising, expelling parasite plan and implemented; Replacement gilt breeding forerunner endoparasite and ectoparasite once carries out the injection of the vaccines such as encephalitis, parvovirus, swine fever, aftosa.
3. setly according to claim 1 be used for the workflow management mode that boar efficiently breeds, it is characterized in that: press breeding time behind all insemination of sows and arrange in pregnant positioning rail marshalling, conceivedly expect to feed by standard in three stages; Each feed of throwing in wants accurate, fast, does not feed the moldy metamorphism feed, prevents from poisoning.
4. setly according to claim 1 be used for the workflow management mode that boar efficiently breeds, it is characterized in that: the antenatal preparation of giving a birth, empty hurdle thoroughly cleans, flame disinfection or fumigation sterilization are preferably adopted in for the second time sterilization, clean vulva and the breast of sow before the childbirth with the 0.1%KMnO4 disinfectant, sow due to farrow is carried upper obstetric table the last week, cleaning and sterilizing before the upper obstetric table, drive endoparasite and ectoparasite once, antenatal intramuscular injection moral power waits first 5 milliliters of long-acting terramycin.
5. setly according to claim 1 be used for the workflow management mode that boar efficiently breeds, it is characterized in that: nursing sow feeds 2~3 times every day, beginning material reducing in antenatal 3 days, decrescence 1/2~1/3 of Summer Solstice or the Winter Solstice constant, recover 3 days postpartum normal, free choice feeding is until weaned front 3 days, adds 0.75~1.5% electrolyte, laxative in the antenatal Postpartum Diets with prevention puerperal constipation, indigestion, poor appetite, adds 1.2% NaHCO3 summer in the daily ration and can improve feed intake; Piglet injects the blood health in nascent rear 2 days or richness is come the chalybeate 1ml such as blood, domestic animal sanguinin, the prevention anaemia; The friendly pin of oral antibiotic such as beast, gentamicin 2ml are with the prevention diarrhea; Injection sodium selenite VE0.5 ml with the prevention white muscle disease, also can improve piglet to the resistance of disease simultaneously; When if the pig farm respiratory diseases is serious, the nasal spray kanamycin is prevented, and the agalasisa sow is adopted lactagogue Chinese medicine spice or oral, and newborn piglet will weigh, beat overbit, cut tooth, docking in 24 hours, and disconnected navel is advisable the broken ends of fractured bone 5% iodine tincture disinfection to stay 3cm; When being necessary to beat overbit, avoid the blood vessel place, indentation, there is wanted 5% iodine tincture disinfection as far as possible; Up and down both sides canine tooth is cut at neat root of the tooth place after cutting dental forceps 5% iodine tincture disinfection, and weak son does not cut tooth; During docking, root of the tail section stays that cut off at the 3cm place, 5% iodine tincture disinfection.
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN104026069A (en) * | 2014-06-09 | 2014-09-10 | 松桃德康农牧有限公司 | Feeding and managing method for pregnant swine |
CN104255596A (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2015-01-07 | 上海费斯福生物科技有限公司 | Sow high-yield technology |
CN104604749A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-05-13 | 湖北闽湖畜牧有限公司 | Batch-wise uniform parturition and monitoring method of large-scale pig farm |
CN106942144A (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2017-07-14 | 南丹县三丰绿色生态农牧开发有限责任公司(微型企业) | The healthy aquaculture method in one broad sow postpartum |
CN110100790A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-08-09 | 周文生 | A method of improving pig farm number born of sow |
CN112021258A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2020-12-04 | 天津奥群羊业研究院有限公司 | Flocks turnover method for large-scale sheep farm |
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2013
- 2013-05-20 CN CN 201310186931 patent/CN103299954A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN104026069A (en) * | 2014-06-09 | 2014-09-10 | 松桃德康农牧有限公司 | Feeding and managing method for pregnant swine |
CN104026069B (en) * | 2014-06-09 | 2016-05-11 | 松桃德康农牧有限公司 | The feeding and management method of a kind of in-pig |
CN104255596A (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2015-01-07 | 上海费斯福生物科技有限公司 | Sow high-yield technology |
CN104604749A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-05-13 | 湖北闽湖畜牧有限公司 | Batch-wise uniform parturition and monitoring method of large-scale pig farm |
CN106942144A (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2017-07-14 | 南丹县三丰绿色生态农牧开发有限责任公司(微型企业) | The healthy aquaculture method in one broad sow postpartum |
CN110100790A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-08-09 | 周文生 | A method of improving pig farm number born of sow |
CN112021258A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2020-12-04 | 天津奥群羊业研究院有限公司 | Flocks turnover method for large-scale sheep farm |
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Application publication date: 20130918 |