CN104872065A - Goat reproduction method - Google Patents
Goat reproduction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104872065A CN104872065A CN201510335810.7A CN201510335810A CN104872065A CN 104872065 A CN104872065 A CN 104872065A CN 201510335810 A CN201510335810 A CN 201510335810A CN 104872065 A CN104872065 A CN 104872065A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
Abstract
The invention provides a goat reproduction method applicable to goat raising areas with fewer high-quality stock rams and larger goat flock quantity. The method can improve the mating efficiency of goats by multiple times and facilitates grazing fattening of nanny goats. The mating capacity of excellent stock rams can be developed sufficiently, the utilization of the rams is improved, improvement is accelerated, the feeding number of the stock rams can be reduced, the fodder cost can be saved, the conception rate of the nanny goats can be increased and infectious diseases and reproductive system diseases are prevented. An artificial fertilization mode is adopted, the infectious diseases among the goat flocks due to mating can be avoided, the conception rate of the nanny goats is increased, and the reproduction capacity of the goat flocks is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the propagation method of a kind of animal, be specifically related to the propagation method of a kind of goat.
Background technology
Chinese Goat is raised with a long history, just has sheep raising literature record as far back as the summer business epoch.Before more than 1000 year, Chinese working people just starts to raise goat, after progressively form scale.Goat Raising has the features such as reproduction rate is high, strong adaptability, manageability, extensively raises so far in the vast farming and pastoral area of China.Since reform and opening-up, the development of Chinese Goat industry is rapid, outstanding achievement.The area of Chinese Goat distribution is wide, and throughout the whole nation, the whole nation has province (district) goat head number over half to exceed sheep.Goat but can be supported in the place that sheep can not be supported by some provinces (district) of south.
The breeding method of goat is divided into pangamy and hand mating two kinds of modes.Pangamy is exactly in the off-breeding season, and male and female sheep is separately raised, and makes mating season 100 ewes put into 3 ~ 4 rams and carries out pangamy.This Measures compare is suitable for the flock of sheep that groupuscule is distributed in high mountains and deep gullies, conveniently saves trouble, but can not give full play to the effect of good species ram, affects the raising of flock of sheep quality; Be difficult to grasp lambing time, easily cause lamb dead because freezing, pressing, step on; Disorderly joining because hybridizing, cannot blood lineage be investigated thoroughly; Because ram breeding capacity is strong and weak different, mutually wrestles to strive and join ewe, easily spin out Breeding date, form lamb age in days gap too large, educate the bad management of lamb; Easily cause ewe earlier mating of oestrusing, make flock of sheep Quality Down; Male and female sheep mixes that group herds, ram chases ewe, unrestricted mating, can not feel at ease to pasture, both consume ram energy, also affect ewe and search for food; Easy expansion propagates reproductive disease as vaginitis, cervicitis etc.
Hand mating is exactly that male and female sheep hives off all the year round and herds, and between the breeding season, morning every day is by examination feelings ram examination feelings, and oestrusing, ewe is chosen, then with specify ram mating, try feelings.First to process examination feelings ram: one is examination feelings cloth method, nails on belt, fasten the waist examination feelings ram, caught by the penis of ram in the corner of cloth.Two is vasectomy or displacement penis method: by operation, the vas deferens of ligation examination feelings ram, or by its displacement of penis, makes it to depart from normal posture.The former can not become pregnant in mating, and the latter can not mating.This kind of method is applicable to the sheep country that good species ram is more abundant, flock of sheep quantity is little.The method can grasp kinship, Breeding date, significantly improves ram breeding head number, is conducive to ewe and herds and fatten, also can the abundant outstanding stud ram of Selection utilization, has certain effect to the productivity of raising colony.Its drawback is the availability that can not give full play to outstanding stud ram, trouble of taking a lot of work, ram of will exchanging every 2 ~ 3 years.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the propagation method of a kind of goat, adopt test-tube mode to breed goat.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is: the propagation method of goat, comprises the following steps:
The first step, rectifies flock of sheep, before breeding 3 ~ 4 months, adds to ewe group growing to ewe hogg preferably; Eliminate the ewe being not suitable for breeding, the quarantine of cloth disease is carried out to full group;
Second step, short-term is excellent raises, and selects the excellent native pasture of herbaceous stem or enter work grassland to herd, and keeps the grazing time of 8 ~ 10 hours every day, and sheep is only adopted the grass time and accounts for 80% ~ 85%, and the migration time accounts for 12% ~ 15%, and stand up time accounts for 3% ~ 5%; Sheep drinks water 3 ~ 4 times an every day, and ensures to lick salt whenever and wherever possible, increases feed intake; Supplementary feeding fine fodder, every sheep feeds 200 ~ 250 grams every day;
3rd step, ram prepares in breeding, before breeding 30 ~ 40 days, within during beginning 5 ~ 7 days, adopts once essence, then 3 ~ 5 days, last 2 ~ 3 days, and carries out semen quality inspection, and eligible lists the plan of breeding ram in; According to feature and the kinship of every ram, carry out apolegamy plan, determine main join ram and auxiliary breeding ram and with join ewe, and different parts is coated different colours and is identified on chimera;
4th step, trains stud ram, when be highly sexed stud ram breeding or semen collection time, allow sexual desire difference ram aside, bring out its sexual desire or mating sense; Sexual desire is reflected insensitive ram and puts into general ewe group or the ewe group that oestruses, through in a few days, after making its this friendship 2 ~ 3 times, transfer to from flock of sheep;
5th step, improves sperm viability, and strengthen amount of exercise and the exercise intensity of ram, between the breeding season, stud ram carries out pure motion every day except herding, and namely in 10 ~ 15 minutes, drives 2 ~ 3 kilometers by force; Except feeding except fine fodder, before breeding starts 30 ~ 40 days, every day fed 0.5 kilogram, milk, 1 ~ 3, egg;
6th step, the utensil before semen collection prepares, and apparatus washing and sterilization, first wash away residual seminal fluid or dust with clear water, then wash with a small amount of washing powder, then wash away residual washing powder with clear water, finally use distilled water flushing 1 ~ 2 time; Glassware is sterilized, and tips upside down in basket by the glassware after cleaning, and after allowing residue water flow out, then put into baking oven, sterilize 30 minutes at 115 DEG C, the vessel after sterilization are transparent, without any spot; To begin to speak the sterilizations such as device, thermometer, tweezers, disk: clean, after drying, 1.5 hours before use, wipe examination with 75% liquid essence cotton balls and sterilize; After artificial vagina installs, in washing powder water, brush away the dirt be bonded on inner tube of a tyre shell with brush, then wash away washing powder with clear water, finally use the distilled water flushing inner tube of a tyre 1 ~ 2 time, natural seasoning; In semen collection first 1.5 hours, stand-by with the 75% cotton ball soaked in alcohol inner tube of a tyre of from inside outwards sterilizing;
7th step, semen collection, semen collection person squats in platform sheep proceeds posterolateral, holds artificial vagina, and gas jam is downward, and lean against platform sheep buttocks, artificial vagina and ground are 35 degree of angles; When ram mounting, stretch out penis time, left hand gently holds in the palm prepuce of penis, promptly imports in artificial vagina by penis, ejaculate complete, along with ram slide from platform chimera time, artificial vagina is taken off, make one end of collection essence bottle hard vertical immediately downwards, open gas card piston, venting card takes off the smart bottle of collection; Stud ram every day can semen collection 1 ~ 2 time, adopts 3 ~ 5 days, takes a day off, adopt 3 ~ 4 every day if desired, after secondary semen collection, after allowing ram have a rest 2 hours, then carry out third time semen collection; The normal ejaculatory amount scope of he-goat is 0.5 ~ 2.0 milliliter;
8th step, semen quality inspection, visually observes, normal semen is milky, tasteless or slightly fishy smell on slide drip former seminal fluid or dilution after seminal fluid 1, add cover glass, observe at 38 DEG C of microscope temperature, with the percentage shared by straight ahead motile, choose the motility rate of sperm;
9th step, ram examination feelings, corner on ram abdominal belt pocket is sewed on the examination feelings cloth of belt before examination feelings, ram once or is sooner or later respectively once put into ewe group pilot scale feelings by morning every day; Catch the ewe to be joined accepting ram examination feelings in time;
Tenth step, semen deposition, the estrus duration of goat is 24 ~ 48 hours, after oestrusing 30 ~ 40 hours of ovulation period, the semen depositions in 12 ~ 16 hours after oestrusing; As ewe continues to oestrus, can row semen deposition 1 time again, 8 ~ 10 hours, 2 semen deposition intervals.
When adopting technique scheme, this kind of propagation method is applicable to the sheep country that good species ram is less, flock of sheep quantity is larger.The method can significantly improve ram breeding efficiency, is conducive to ewe and herds and fatten.Can give full play to the breeding capacity of outstanding stud ram, raising ram availability, accelerates improvement, can reduce the raising head number of stud ram, save forage cost, improves ewe conception rate and the generation preventing infectious disease and genital system diseases.And adopt the mode of artificial insemination, the infectious disease occurred because of mating in flock of sheep can be avoided, add the pregnancy rate of ewe, improve the fertility of flock of sheep.
Further, in described 6th step, the preparation of artificial vagina, in the middle part of shell, 50 DEG C ~ 55 DEG C warm water of 150 milliliters are injected in unboiled water hole, and gas jam of screwing on, puts bulbs,double and inflate, and make the semen collection interruption-forming triangle of artificial vagina, and aerobic card; Finally the thermometer that disinfects is inserted thermometric in artificial vagina, temperature 39 DEG C ~ 42 DEG C, before the artificial vagina inner tube of a tyre 1/3, smear dilution or lubricant made by physiological saline.Aforesaid operations conveniently manually can get essence operation, can obtain seminal fluid, make it keep optimum activity in rational temperature.
Further, in described 8th step, the motility rate of evaluation sperm adopts ten grades of point systems; Have the sperm of 80% do straight ahead motion be chosen as 0.8, have 60% sperm do straight ahead motion be 0.6, the like; When evaluating the motility rate of sperm, fully field of microscope to be run through; The motility rate of sperm is used to be not less than the seminal fluid of 0.6.Adopt ten grades of point systems simply can go out excellent seminal fluid by Effective selection, for follow-up semen deposition is prepared.
Further, in described tenth step, every sheep inputs former seminal fluid 0.05 ~ 0.1 milliliter at every turn, and low power dilution seminal fluid is 0.1 ~ 0.2 milliliter, and dilution for many times seminal fluid is 0.2 ~ 0.5 milliliter; The ratio of fresh essence and dilution is 1: 2 ~ 4 to dilute for low power, and the ratio of fresh essence and dilution is 1: 20 ~ 50 is dilution for many times.According to different user demands, reasonably dilute former seminal fluid, making it reach is rationally working concentration.
Embodiment
Artificial insemination is a significant achievement of livestock technology in modern age.Be exactly by artificial method, by the help of semen collection and semen deposition apparatus, by the extraction of ram seminal fluid, after suitable process, then be passed in ewe body ewe is fertilized.Advantage: ram ejaculatory amount 0.5 ~ 1.5 milliliter, can give 10 ~ 15 ewe semen depositions of oestrusing after dilution, a stud ram can give 300 ~ 500 ewe semen depositions.Can give full play to the breeding capacity of outstanding stud ram, raising ram availability, accelerates improvement, can reduce the raising head number of stud ram, save forage cost, improves ewe conception rate and the generation preventing infectious disease and genital system diseases.
Preparation before breeding.The preparation of ewe exposed to ram: ewe body weight, health, the age, oestrus uniformity, especially completely looking sidelong in good time breeding is all the key improving conception rate and lambing percentage.
First is rectify flock of sheep.Before breeding 3 ~ 4 months, in time to lamb wean, grab suede; Growth is eweed hogg preferably and adds to ewe group; Eliminate 7 ~ 8 years old ewe being not suitable for breeding, have genital tract sick, continuous 2 years infertile ewes, body weight is too small, and produce lamb inferior, lactation amount is poor year after year, the ewe that velour yield is on the low side.Through the flock of sheep of adjustment, age composition makes every effort to reasonable, and outward appearance and performance unanimously, carry out the quarantine of cloth disease to full group before breeding after grabbing suede.
Second is that short-term is excellent raises.To the ewe group after adjustment, carrying out excellent the raising of short-term is reach the important measures that highly-finished breeds in good time.One is select the excellent native pasture of herbaceous stem or enter work grassland to herd, and keeps the grazing time of 8 ~ 10 hours every day, and sheep is only adopted the grass time and accounts for 80% ~ 85%, and the migration time accounts for 12% ~ 15%, and stand up time accounts for 3% ~ 5%, ensures that allowing sheep have enough eats.Sheep drinks water 3 ~ 4 times an every day, and ensures to lick salt whenever and wherever possible, increases feed intake.Two is the appropriate fine fodders of supplementary feeding, and every sheep feeds 200 ~ 250 grams every day.Especially product twin lamb(s) ewe, high, the individual weak and weary ewe of lactation amount should be carried out individuality and be looked after.More late to lambing, ill-conditioned ewe, shift to an earlier date 20 ~ 30 days to lamb wean, mend careless feed supplement, strengthen nutrition, promotes the laying on meat recovery in a short time of full group ewe, early oestruses, concentrate and oestrus, ovulate more, improve conception rate and lambing percentage.
The preparation of breeding ram.Stud ram plays decisive role to flock of sheep quality.Select that velour yield is high, cashmere quality good, physique is strengthened, sexual desire is high, breeding capacity is strong, the individuality of genetic stability.
Before breeding 30 ~ 40 days, within during beginning 5 ~ 7 days, adopt once essence, then 3 ~ 5 days, last 2 ~ 3 days, and carry out semen quality inspection, eligible lists the plan of breeding ram in.According to feature and the kinship of every ram, carry out apolegamy plan, determine main join ram and auxiliary breeding ram and with join ewe, and coat different colours at the different parts of sheep back and identified.
Stud ram is trained.
On-the-spot induction: when the stud ram breeding be highly sexed or semen collection, allow sexual desire difference ram aside, bring out its sexual desire or mating sense.
Mixed group is with enclosing raising: sexual desire is reflected insensitive ram and puts into general ewe group or the ewe group that oestruses, and through in a few days, after making its this friendship 2 ~ 3 times, transfers to from flock of sheep.
Ewe vaginal fluid or the urine of oestrusing, spread upon ram on nose or nostril, stimulate its sexual desire.
Massage stud ram testis every day early, evening is each once, each 10 ~ 15 minutes, helps to raise libido.
In order to improve sperm viability, must strengthen amount of exercise and the exercise intensity of ram, between the breeding season, stud ram also must carry out pure motion every day except herding, and namely in 10 ~ 15 minutes, drives 2 ~ 3 kilometers by force.For improving sperm concentration, must nutrition being strengthened, except feeding except fine fodder, before breeding starts 30 ~ 40 days, also will feed 0.5 kilogram, milk, 1 ~ 3, egg every day.
Improve the technical measures of goat fertility.Before breeding, by herding and supplementary feeding measure, doing a good job of it the male and female sheep growth of livestock, making stud ram energetic, planting ewe oestruses concentrated, and number of eggs ovulated increases, and Oestrus rate is high, and first estrus conception rate is high, embryo grows in parent, and lamb is healthy and strong for postpartum, and survival rate is high, could improve reproductive survival rate.
In good time breeding, fecund lamb in early spring.Ewe and the ram thereof of multiselect product twin lamb(s) are reserved seed for planting, and have data to show, the ewe of primiparity twin lamb(s), 2 ~ 4 tires have 72% product twin lamb(s) afterwards.
Increase the ratio of of the right age ewe in flock of sheep.Usually using 5 years old is the best age.
Artificial insemination adopts liquid seminal fluid artificial insemination method:
Fresh essence or 1: 2 ~ 4 low powers dilution seminal fluid technology of artificial insemination, a ram can join ewe more than 500 ~ 1000 for 1 year, than with this friendship of ram raising more than 10 ~ 20 times.In this way, do not diluted by the seminal fluid of extraction or low power dilution, give ewe semen deposition immediately, it is comparatively obvious that it is applicable to ewe seasonal oestrus, and a fairly large number of area.Seminal fluid 1: 20 ~ 50, dilution for many times technology of artificial insemination, ram 1 year can ewe exposed to ram more than 10000, than this friendship raising more than 200 times.
Concrete operation step is described below:
One, the preparation before semen collection.
1. apparatus washing and sterilization
Artificial insemination apparatus used must be sterilized before every use, will wash immediately after using.New metallic weapon washs after will first wiping oil stain.Method is: first wash away residual seminal fluid or dust with clear water, then wash with a small amount of washing powder, then washes away residual washing powder with clear water, finally uses distilled water flushing 1 ~ 2 time.
(1) glassware sterilization: tip upside down in basket by the glassware after cleaning, after allowing residue water flow out, then puts into baking oven, sterilizes 30 minutes at 115 DEG C.Available disinfectant cup cabinet or kitchen cabinet sterilization, low price, power saving.Vessel after sterilization are transparent, without any spot, could use, otherwise will relaunder, sterilize.
(2) to begin to speak the sterilizations such as device, thermometer, tweezers, disk: clean, after drying, 1.5 hours before use, wipe examination with 75% liquid essence cotton balls and sterilize.
2. the installation of artificial vagina, washing and sterilization
First the artificial vagina inner tube of a tyre (light is towards inner) is placed on inside shell, the part grown (two is equal) reversion is enclosed within shell.Moderate, well-balanced, straight and even, the wrinkle resistant folding of the inner tube of a tyre degree of tightness fixed and torsion.After installing, in washing powder water, brush away the dirt be bonded on inner tube of a tyre shell with brush, then wash away washing powder with clear water, finally use the distilled water flushing inner tube of a tyre 1 ~ 2 time, natural seasoning.
In semen collection first 1.5 hours, stand-by with the 75% cotton ball soaked in alcohol sterilization inner tube of a tyre (from inside outwards).
Attached: to prepare 75% alcohol, with the medicinal alcohol bought, be generally 95% concentration, get its 79 milliliters, adding distil water 21 milliliters is the alcohol of 75% concentration.
Two, semen collection.
1. select the healthy ewe station sheep oestrused, rear quarters should be wiped clean, and head is fixed on (shelf is made by oneself, a liftoff logical sheep height of oestrusing) on semen collection frame.The ram trained, ewe station of can oestrusing sheep, also can come by extraction seminal fluid with ram station sheep, false platform sheep etc.
2. stud ram is before semen collection, wipes clean around foreskin with wet cloth.
3. the preparation of artificial vagina: by what sterilized, the inner tube of a tyre after alcohol volatilizees completely, with physiological saline cotton balls or the wiping examination from the inside to surface of dilution cotton balls, buckle in artificial vagina one end and sterilized and rinsed rear collection essence bottle (when high temperature is lower than 25 DEG C, collects in smart bottle clip layer and will inject 30 DEG C ~ 35 DEG C warm water) dried with physiological saline or thin liquid.In the middle part of shell, 50 DEG C ~ 55 DEG C warm water of about 150 milliliters are injected in unboiled water hole, and gas jam of screwing on, puts bulbs,double and inflate, and make the semen collection interruption-forming triangle of artificial vagina, and aerobic card.Finally the thermometer disinfected is inserted thermometric in artificial vagina, temperature is advisable, before the artificial vagina inner tube of a tyre 1/3 at 39 DEG C ~ 42 DEG C, smear dilution or physiological saline make lubricant (can without vaseline, through practice need not any lubricant for many years, do not affect ram ejaculation), just can immediately for semen collection.
4. semen collection operation
Semen collection person's crouching rear on the right side of platform sheep, the right hand holds artificial vagina, and gas jam is downward, leans against platform sheep buttocks, and artificial vagina and ground are about in 35 degree of angles.When ram mounting, stretch out penis time, left hand gently holds in the palm prepuce of penis, promptly imports in artificial vagina by penis, and ram ejaculation action is very fast, finds to come back, very waist, preshoot, and represent that ejaculation is complete, overall process only has a few second.Along with ram slide from platform chimera time, taken off by artificial vagina, make one end of collection essence bottle hard vertical downwards immediately, open gas card piston, venting card takes off the smart bottle of collection (do not allow water in artificial vagina flow into seminal fluid, shell has water to dry), send operating room inspection.During semen collection, must high concentration, agile, accomplish steady, accurate, fast.
5. stud ram every day can semen collection 1 ~ 2 time, adopts 3 ~ 5 days, takes a day off.Adopt 3 ~ 4 every day if desired.After secondary semen collection, after allowing ram have a rest 2 hours, then carry out third time semen collection.
Three, semen quality inspection.
1. visually observe: normal semen is milky, tasteless or slightly fishy smell.All with stale flavor, appearance redness, brown, green seminal fluid are all not useable for semen deposition.The normal ejaculatory amount scope of he-goat is 0.5 ~ 2.0 milliliter, average out to 1.0 milliliters.
2. former seminal fluid or the seminal fluid 1 after diluting are dripped in sperm motility rate inspection on slide, add cover glass, at 38 DEG C of microscope temperature (can by microscope size, self-control incubator, in-built 1,40 watts of bulbs, not only throw light on but also be incubated) check.The sperm method of operation: have straight ahead to move, circumnutation and swing three kinds.Evaluation sperm motility rate for foundation, normally uses ten grades of point systems with straight ahead motile percentage.What the sperm of nearly 80% did straight ahead motion is chosen as 0.8, and what have 60% sperm to do straight ahead motion is 0.6, the like.The former seminal fluid motility rate of goat generally can reach more than 0.8.But the new goat First Year introduced uses motility rate often poor, and former smart motility rate only has 0.6, and Second Year just improves.When checking (evaluation) sperm motility rate, several visual field be seen more, and twist the thin spiral of microscope up and down, observe the sperm motility situation of upper, middle and lower-ranking liquid layer, the motility rate of sperm could be chosen more accurately.
3. density inspection
Estimation method: the estimation carrying out sperm concentration while checking sperm motility rate.Under the microscope according to the difference of the dense degree of sperm.
Sperm concentration is chosen as " close ", " in ", " rare " three grades, " close " level be between sperm space less than a sperm length, " in " level is have 1 ~ 2 sperm length space between sperm, " rare " level is that between sperm, space is more than more than 2 sperm length, and " rare " level is not useable for semen deposition.
Essence subtotal figure method: calculate the number of sperm in every milliliter of seminal fluid more accurately with haemocyte computing board, when seminal fluid dilution for many times, semen dilution rate will be calculated with number of sperm and sperm motility rate.Computational methods are: with red-count pipette, get former seminal fluid to 0.5 scale place, then suck sodium chloride solution to the 101 scale place of 3%, by former sperm dilution 200 times.To refer to mother and forefinger shakes all by the two ends of suction pipe respectively, then to remove before suction pipe several, pipette tip is placed on the void edges between computing board and cover glass, makes the seminal fluid in suction pipe flow into counting chamber (high 0.1 millimeter), be full of wherein.Computing board central authorities groove is divided into 25 large lattice of square, is made up of altogether 400 lattices, and area is 1 square millimeter.Count under 200,400 power microscopes five block plaid (each one of corner, then add central authorities a block plaid, totally 80 lattices) in smart decimal.Be as the criterion with sperm head during calculating, be positioned at the sperm on the bar of block plaid four sideline, the sperm on the adjacent both sides of number of elements, avoids repetition.7 are added after counting the sperm sum of four block plaid.Be the number of sperm of 1 milliliter of former seminal fluid.
Containing number of sperm in every milliliter of goat sperm is 10 ~ 5,000,000,000, average out to 3,000,000,000.Sperm count can carry out 1 time in 10 ~ 15 days.Local density available Instrument measuring with good conditionsi.
Four, liquid sperm dilution formula and preparation.
1. the dilution of seminal fluid low power dilution, after seminal fluid extraction, when former smart quantity is inadequate, can do low power dilution, density instrument measures.Satisfy the demand, and use at short notice, dilution formula can be simpler.As physiological saline; Milk diluent: with fresh ox, goat milk, water-bath 92 DEG C ~ 95 DEG C sterilization 15 minutes, can use after skin on boiled milk is removed in cooling.All dilutions for dilution for many times seminal fluid, all can do low power dilution.
2. the dilution of seminal fluid dilution for many times, not still in order to expand sperm volume, and will extend the holding time of sperm, and formula is a lot, now introduces 2 dilutions.
(1) glucose 3 grams, 1.4 grams, Acidum Citricum sodium, EDTA (disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate) 0.4 gram, adding distil water to 100 milliliter, after dissolving, water-bath scalding 20 minutes, adds penicillin 100,000 unit, streptomycin 0.1 gram after cooling, if add 10 ~ 20 milliliters of yolk again, Sperm survival time can be extended.
(2) glucose 5.2 grams, lactose 2.0 grams, sodium citrate 0.3 gram, EDTA0.07 gram, three 0.05 gram, tombs, distilled water 100 milliliters, after dissolving, scalding 20 minutes, adds huge gentamicin 10,000 unit, 5 milliliters, yolk after cooling.
Five, liquid sperm dilution.
Former seminal fluid motility rate can be used for diluting semen deposition more than 0.6.
1. seminal fluid low power dilution, when former sperm volume reaches semen deposition, can dilute again, can directly with the direct semen deposition of former essence.Time inadequate, needed amount does 1: 2 ~ 4 times of dilutions, dilution is warmed to 30 DEG C, then it is slowly added in former seminal fluid, can use after shaking up.
2. seminal fluid dilution for many times, will to contain 1,000 ten thousand forward motile sperm numbers in number of sperm, semen deposition dosage, every dose, in conjunction with the sperm motility rate of last Inseminated time in afternoon, calculate sperm dilution ratio, at 30 DEG C, dilute (method is the same).
Six, packing, storage and transport.
Seminal fluid low power is diluted, and semen deposition nearby, is placed on it in bottle, does not need cooling to preserve, and the short time is with finishing.
1. packing is preserved
(1) preserve in bottle; Dilution for many times clear liquid, (several semen deposition dosage loads bottle to needed amount, builds lid, and with mouth of sealing with wax, parcel gauze, puts plastic sack, and be placed in the vacuum flask (or storage box) that ice cube is housed and preserve, storage temperature is 0 DEG C ~ 5 DEG C.
(2) preserve in plastic tube: seminal fluid with 1: 40 times of dilution, be a semen deposition dosage with 0.5 milliliter, inject in beverage plastic suction pipe (being cut into 20 centimeter length, disinfection by ultraviolet light), two ends plastic sealing machine seals, (put the ice bag frozen at the bottom of case, then put foamed plastics dividing plate, bind up with gauze effective for seminal fluid in the storage box being kept at homemade foamed plastics, be placed on above dividing plate, fix) cover lid, storage temperature at 4 DEG C ~ 7 DEG C, is up to 9 DEG C mostly.To use in Semen routine 10 hours, this method, can without inseminating syringe, economical and practical.
2. transport
No matter that packaging, seminal fluid must fix, and alleviates vibration as far as possible.
Seven, ewe detection of oestrus.
1. more obvious to judge ewe local she-goat external presentation of oestrusing of oestrusing with ewe external presentation of oestrusing, shout a shout when oestrusing, anorexia, excited uneasy, irritant reaction is responsive to external world, assumes an air of complacency, there is mating wish, like close to ram, catch up with mounting ram and often plant oneself, allow ram mating; Vaginal orifice enlargement, flows out mucus.The external presentation of oestrusing from ewe is be relatively easy to judge whether ewe oestruses.
2. examination essence
By examination smart ram examination feelings, accurately can find out the ewe that oestruses, accomplish in good time semen deposition.The easiest method is, ram abdominal belt pocket will try feelings cloth (long 40 ~ 45 centimetres, wide 35 ~ 40 centimetres, the belt of 25 ~ 30 centimeter length is sewed in corner) before examination feelings, ram once or is sooner or later respectively once put into ewe group pilot scale feelings by morning every day.When ewe accepts ram mounting, plant oneself, or ewe rotates round ram, and constantly wag the tail, be all the performance that ewe oestruses, in time it caught, wait to join.
3. try feelings ram to select and feeding and management
Examination feelings ram must select physique solid, healthy anosis, is highly sexed, 1 ~ 5 years old ram be active in one's movements.The ratio of examination feelings ram and ewe is advisable with 1: 30 ~ 40.In the previous moon expelling parasite of breeding, strengthening feeding and management, to search for food or except drylot feeding grazes except herding, supplementary feeding every day 0.2 ~ 0.3 kilogram of mixed concentrate.Every 10 ~ 15 days, give examination feelings ram ejaculation once, enhancement wish.
Eight, semen deposition.
1. Inseminated time
In good time semen deposition, very important to the conception rate improving ewe.The estrus duration of goat is 24 ~ 48 hours.Ovulation period is general is oestrusing 30 ~ 40 hours later stages more.Therefore, relatively suitable Inseminated time should in oestrusing after date (after namely oestrusing 12 ~ 16 hours).As determined that ewe oestruses with ewe external presentation, the ewe oestrused if start the morning, afternoon and each semen deposition in morning next day 1 time; Afternoon and dusk start the ewe oestrused, each semen deposition morning and afternoon next day 1 time.Every morning tries feelings for 1 time, can each semen deposition morning and afternoon 1 time.2 semen deposition intervals are as well at least not less than 6 hours in 8 ~ 10 hours.If every day sooner or later each 1 examination feelings, its Inseminated time is with to determine that ewe oestruses with ewe external presentation identical.As ewe continues to oestrus, can row semen deposition 1 time again.
2. ewe Baoding
Introduce a kind of handstand Baoding method not needing insemination crate, it does not have place to limit, Anywhere all can semen deposition.Ewe head clamping between two legs, is stressed on both hands ewe back leg, is mentioned belly by people from Baoding, and Baoding does not well allow sheep move, and ewe becomes handstand shape.With stupe, ewe external genital is wiped clean, namely treat semen deposition.
3. semen deposition method
(1) semen deposition in cervical orifice: load onto illuminating lamp (can make by oneself) by soaking at 1% sodium chloride solution the prolapsus appliance rinsed after sterilization, insert vagina light and slowly, open vagina, find cervical orifice, the inseminating syringe of seminal fluid suction is had to insert in cervical orifice by prolapsus appliance, the degree of depth about 1 cm.Slightly move back prolapsus appliance, input seminal fluid, first exits inseminating syringe, backed off after random prolapsus appliance.When carrying out lower sheep semen deposition, prolapsus appliance is placed in clear water, washes away vaginal mucus and the dirt of stick on top with cloth, rinsed in 1% sodium chloride solution leaching again after drying; With physiological saline cotton balls or dilution cotton balls, by the mucus that inseminating syringe glues, dirt is wiped backward from mouth.
(2) cloudy semen deposition: the plastic tube that seminal fluid is housed is taken out (how much need draw how many from storage box, remaining seminal fluid is still built), put after heating up at room temperature 2 ~ 3 minutes, one end closure of pipe is cut off, after crowded 1 droplet microscopy motility rate is qualified, the one end cut off slowly is inserted from ewe vaginal orifice to vagina deep, stop to having during resistance, cut off end closure again, seminal fluid flows into bottom vagina naturally, extracts pipe, and ewe is put down gently, semen deposition is complete, then carries out lower ewe semen deposition.Fill the dilution for many times seminal fluid preserved in the vial, semen deposition again after sucking with inseminating syringe (remaining seminal fluid is still preserved at 0 ~ 5 DEG C), can do in cervical orifice or vagina semen deposition.Liquid seminal fluid non-return rate side, more than 80%.Someone does overtesting, the non-return rate of vagina semen deposition than the reduction of semen deposition in cervical orifice less than 2%.So plead for mercy for, phase liquid seminal fluid can vagina semen deposition, and plastic tube can replace inseminating syringe again, easy to utilize.
4. insemination dose
The each semen deposition of former smart semen deposition every sheep 0.05 ~ 0.1 milliliter, low power dilution is 0.1 ~ 0.2 milliliter, and dilution for many times is 0.2 ~ 0.5 milliliter.
Nine, required equipment, medicine, articles for use.
Required article major part refer to hereinbefore.Medicine, reagent for prepared and diluted liquid: as glucose want a water, sodium citrate, EDTA (disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate) be analytically pure, penicillin and streptomycin is expired, and yolk needs Fresh Egg, with the fresh milk do not added water.The artificial vagina inner tube of a tyre, the article of glassware cracky will prepare some more.
Above-described is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; should be understood that; for a person skilled in the art; without departing from the inventive concept of the premise; some distortion and improvement can also be made; these also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention, and these all can not affect effect of the invention process and practical applicability.
Claims (4)
1. the propagation method of goat, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
The first step, rectifies flock of sheep, before breeding 3 ~ 4 months, adds to ewe group growing to ewe hogg preferably; Eliminate the ewe being not suitable for breeding, the quarantine of cloth disease is carried out to full group;
Second step, short-term is excellent raises, and selects the excellent native pasture of herbaceous stem or enter work grassland to herd, and keeps the grazing time of 8 ~ 10 hours every day, and sheep is only adopted the grass time and accounts for 80% ~ 85%, and the migration time accounts for 12% ~ 15%, and stand up time accounts for 3% ~ 5%; Sheep drinks water 3 ~ 4 times an every day, and ensures to lick salt whenever and wherever possible, increases feed intake; Supplementary feeding fine fodder, every sheep feeds 200 ~ 250 grams every day;
3rd step, ram prepares in breeding, before breeding 30 ~ 40 days, within during beginning 5 ~ 7 days, adopts once essence, then 3 ~ 5 days, last 2 ~ 3 days, and carries out semen quality inspection, and eligible lists the plan of breeding ram in; According to feature and the kinship of every ram, carry out apolegamy plan, determine main join ram and auxiliary breeding ram and with join ewe, and different parts is coated different colours and is identified on chimera;
4th step, trains stud ram, when be highly sexed stud ram breeding or semen collection time, allow sexual desire difference ram aside, bring out its sexual desire or mating sense; Sexual desire is reflected insensitive ram and puts into general ewe group or the ewe group that oestruses, through in a few days, after making its this friendship 2 ~ 3 times, transfer to from flock of sheep;
5th step, improves sperm viability, and strengthen amount of exercise and the exercise intensity of ram, between the breeding season, stud ram carries out pure motion every day except herding, and namely in 10 ~ 15 minutes, drives 2 ~ 3 kilometers by force; Except feeding except fine fodder, before breeding starts 30 ~ 40 days, every day fed 0.5 kilogram, milk, 1 ~ 3, egg;
6th step, the utensil before semen collection prepares, and apparatus washing and sterilization, first wash away residual seminal fluid or dust with clear water, then wash with a small amount of washing powder, then wash away residual washing powder with clear water, finally use distilled water flushing 1 ~ 2 time; Glassware is sterilized, and tips upside down in basket by the glassware after cleaning, and after allowing residue water flow out, then put into baking oven, sterilize 30 minutes at 115 DEG C, the vessel after sterilization are transparent, without any spot; To begin to speak the sterilizations such as device, thermometer, tweezers, disk: clean, after drying, 1.5 hours before use, wipe examination with 75% liquid essence cotton balls and sterilize; After artificial vagina installs, in washing powder water, brush away the dirt be bonded on inner tube of a tyre shell with brush, then wash away washing powder with clear water, finally use the distilled water flushing inner tube of a tyre 1 ~ 2 time, natural seasoning; In semen collection first 1.5 hours, stand-by with the 75% cotton ball soaked in alcohol inner tube of a tyre of from inside outwards sterilizing;
7th step, semen collection, semen collection person squats in platform sheep proceeds posterolateral, holds artificial vagina, and gas jam is downward, and lean against platform sheep buttocks, artificial vagina and ground are 35 degree of angles; When ram mounting, stretch out penis time, left hand gently holds in the palm prepuce of penis, promptly imports in artificial vagina by penis, ejaculate complete, along with ram slide from platform chimera time, artificial vagina is taken off, make one end of collection essence bottle hard vertical immediately downwards, open gas card piston, venting card takes off the smart bottle of collection; Stud ram every day can semen collection 1 ~ 2 time, adopts 3 ~ 5 days, takes a day off, adopt 3 ~ 4 every day if desired, after secondary semen collection, after allowing ram have a rest 2 hours, then carry out third time semen collection; The normal ejaculatory amount scope of he-goat is 0.5 ~ 2.0 milliliter;
8th step, semen quality inspection, visually observes, normal semen is milky, tasteless or slightly fishy smell on slide drip former seminal fluid or dilution after seminal fluid 1, add cover glass, observe at 38 DEG C of microscope temperature, with the percentage shared by straight ahead motile, choose the motility rate of sperm;
9th step, ram examination feelings, corner on ram abdominal belt pocket is sewed on the examination feelings cloth of belt before examination feelings, ram once or is sooner or later respectively once put into ewe group pilot scale feelings by morning every day; Catch the ewe to be joined accepting ram examination feelings in time;
Tenth step, semen deposition, the estrus duration of goat is 24 ~ 48 hours, after oestrusing 30 ~ 40 hours of ovulation period, the semen depositions in 12 ~ 16 hours after oestrusing; As ewe continues to oestrus, can row semen deposition 1 time again, 8 ~ 10 hours, 2 semen deposition intervals.
2. the propagation method of goat according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described 6th step, the preparation of artificial vagina, in the middle part of shell, 50 DEG C ~ 55 DEG C warm water of 150 milliliters are injected in unboiled water hole, gas jam of screwing on, put bulbs,double to inflate, make the semen collection interruption-forming triangle of artificial vagina, and aerobic card; Finally the thermometer that disinfects is inserted thermometric in artificial vagina, temperature 39 DEG C ~ 42 DEG C, before the artificial vagina inner tube of a tyre 1/3, smear dilution or lubricant made by physiological saline.
3. the propagation method of goat according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described 8th step, the motility rate of evaluation sperm adopts ten grades of point systems; Have the sperm of 80% do straight ahead motion be chosen as 0.8, have 60% sperm do straight ahead motion be 0.6, the like; When evaluating the motility rate of sperm, fully field of microscope to be run through; The motility rate of sperm is used to be not less than the seminal fluid of 0.6.
4. the propagation method of goat according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described tenth step, every sheep inputs former seminal fluid 0.05 ~ 0.1 milliliter at every turn, and low power dilution seminal fluid is 0.1 ~ 0.2 milliliter, and dilution for many times seminal fluid is 0.2 ~ 0.5 milliliter; The ratio of fresh essence and dilution is 1: 2 ~ 4 to dilute for low power, and the ratio of fresh essence and dilution is 1: 20 ~ 50 is dilution for many times.
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| CN106818622A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-06-13 | 寿县临淮畜牧养殖有限公司 | It is a kind of to promote optimized varieties and improve the breeding of kind sheep and the reproduction technique of reproductive capacity |
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| CN105325364A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-02-17 | 庞邦龙 | Intensive estrus promotion and breeding method of ewes |
| CN105558366A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-05-11 | 束海平 | Accurately-replenishing feed special for stock ram of Huzhou sheep |
| CN105746378A (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2016-07-13 | 中国农业科学院特产研究所 | Estrus testing cloth for sika deer and application of estrus testing cloth |
| CN105941325A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-09-21 | 安徽省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | Method using hybridization of female small-tailed Han sheep and male Australian white sheep to breed Australian-Han-hybrid female sheep |
| CN106070018A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-11-09 | 安徽省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | Small-fat-tail sheep ewe and the hybridization of Australia Baigong sheep produce Australia and tremble with fear the method for three generations ram |
| CN106106333A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-11-16 | 安徽省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | Australia trembles with fear three generations ram and is bred as the method that the hybridization of sheep ewe produces commodity meat sheep |
| CN106035223A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-10-26 | 寿县临淮畜牧养殖有限公司 | Rapid reproducing technology for Anhui white breeding goat |
| CN106212380A (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2016-12-14 | 青岛农业大学 | A kind of Small-fat-tail sheep selects excellent method of purification |
| CN106818622A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-06-13 | 寿县临淮畜牧养殖有限公司 | It is a kind of to promote optimized varieties and improve the breeding of kind sheep and the reproduction technique of reproductive capacity |
| CN109589184A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-04-09 | 海南职业技术学院 | A kind of sequencing semen deposition method of black goat |
| CN109893291A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-06-18 | 长阳永兴生态牧业科技有限公司 | A kind of goat artificial insemination method |
| CN111772864A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-10-16 | 山东省畜牧总站(山东省种畜禽质量测定站) | Artificial insemination method for improving conception rate of female donkeys |
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