CN112004206A - Large-area environmental parameter monitoring system and method based on wireless communication - Google Patents
Large-area environmental parameter monitoring system and method based on wireless communication Download PDFInfo
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- H04W4/38—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for collecting sensor information
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- H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
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Abstract
The system comprises a plurality of wireless sensing nodes, a wireless sink node, an unmanned aerial vehicle and a ground workstation, wherein the wireless sink node is arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle; a plurality of wireless sensing nodes are arranged at a preset arrangement point in a monitoring environment in a large area. The method comprises the steps that a wireless sensing node with an environmental parameter measuring function and a wireless communication function which are discretely arranged is utilized to carry out environmental parameter detection and wireless communication at preset intervals; the unmanned aerial vehicle carries the wireless sink node to fly along the line of the arrangement point, and broadcasts a data return instruction through wireless communication along the way; after receiving the data return instruction, the wireless sensing node sends the monitored environmental parameters to the wireless sink node; the wireless sink node saves the received environmental parameters in the storage, and after the unmanned aerial vehicle falls, the storage can dump the stored environmental parameters to the ground workstation.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of environment monitoring, in particular to a large-area environment parameter monitoring system and method based on wireless communication.
Background
Environmental monitoring refers to the activity of monitoring and measuring environmental quality conditions. The environmental monitoring is to monitor and measure the index reflecting the environmental quality to determine the environmental pollution condition and the environmental quality. The environment monitoring mainly comprises the monitoring of physical indexes, the monitoring of chemical indexes and the monitoring of an ecosystem. Environmental monitoring is the basis of scientific management environment and environmental law enforcement supervision, and is essential basic work for environmental protection. The core objective of environment monitoring is to provide data of the current situation and the change trend of the environment quality, judge the environment quality, evaluate the current main environmental problems and serve the environment management.
The environment monitoring is generally a manual measurement mode, and the manual measurement mode has the defects of high cost, low efficiency, poor timeliness and difficulty, low feasibility in complex or large-area detection and the like; in order to provide a scheme for monitoring environmental parameters of forests, grasslands, barren lands, gobi and the like in a large area range, technical personnel in the field need to solve the problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a large area environmental parameter monitoring system based on wireless communication to solve prior art, when large area environmental parameter monitoring, the problem that the environmental monitoring mode can't be applicable to the field environment of complicated condition.
The application provides a large-area environmental parameter monitoring system based on wireless communication, the large-area environmental parameter monitoring system comprises a plurality of wireless sensing nodes, wireless sink nodes, an unmanned aerial vehicle and a ground workstation, wherein the wireless sink nodes are arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle;
the wireless sensing nodes are arranged at preset arrangement points in a large-area monitoring environment and are used for monitoring the environment and generating environment parameters;
the wireless aggregation nodes are arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle, the unmanned aerial vehicle carries the wireless aggregation nodes to fly along the lines corresponding to the preset arrangement points, wireless connection is established between the wireless aggregation nodes and wireless sensing nodes in a wireless communication range, and the collection of the environmental parameters of the wireless sensing nodes is completed through the wireless connection;
the wireless sink node is provided with a storage card for storing the acquired environmental parameters, and the wireless sink node is connected with the ground workstation to transfer the environmental parameters to the ground workstation.
Optionally, a high-energy battery is arranged in the wireless sensing node;
and/or; the wireless sensing node is provided with a processor, a data memory connected with the processor, an environmental parameter acquisition sensor and a wireless communication device.
Optionally, the environmental parameters include; one or more of a temperature parameter, a humidity parameter, an illumination intensity parameter, a vibration parameter, an air pressure parameter and a position parameter;
the wireless sensing nodes respectively comprise: one or more of a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a vibration sensor, an illumination intensity sensor, an air pressure sensor, and a geographic position sensor.
Optionally, the unmanned aerial vehicle is further provided with a launching device, which is used for loading the wireless sensing nodes and launching the wireless sensing nodes according to a predetermined arrangement point; the arrangement points are preset according to the landform and the landform of the monitoring environment.
Optionally, the wireless sensing node is provided with a fully-sealed housing with a protection level IP 67.
Optionally, the wireless sink node is further configured to configure working parameters of the wireless sensor node through wireless communication, where the working parameters include a collection period, a collection project, and wireless communication parameters; and a time timer is arranged in the wireless sensing node.
Optionally, the communication frequency between the wireless sensing node and the wireless aggregation node is 2.420GHz to 2.4835 GHz.
The second aspect of the present application provides a method for monitoring large-area environmental parameters based on wireless communication, the method comprising:
monitoring an environment and generating environment parameters through a plurality of wireless sensing nodes which are distributed in advance; a plurality of wireless sensing nodes are arranged at a preset arrangement point in a large-area environment;
controlling an unmanned aerial vehicle carrying wireless aggregation nodes to fly according to corresponding lines according to preset arrangement points of the wireless sensing nodes, wherein the wireless aggregation nodes are wirelessly connected with the wireless sensing nodes in a wireless communication range during the flying of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the environmental parameters of the wireless sensing nodes are collected;
and completing environment monitoring according to the acquired environment parameters of the aggregation node.
Optionally, in the flight of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the wireless aggregation node is wirelessly connected with a wireless sensing node in a wireless communication range, and collects environmental parameters of the wireless sensing node, specifically:
in the flight of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the wireless sink node broadcasts a data return instruction through wireless communication;
after receiving a data return instruction, a wireless sensing node in a wireless communication range sends monitored environmental parameters to the wireless sink node;
the wireless aggregation node stores the received environmental parameters in a memory;
and the wireless aggregation node establishes connection with the ground workstation and stores the environmental parameters stored in the memory to the ground workstation.
Optionally, the environmental parameter monitoring method further includes:
presetting a preset arrangement point of the wireless sensing node according to the landform and the landform of a monitoring environment;
and loading the wireless sensing nodes by the unmanned aerial vehicle, and releasing the wireless sensing nodes by the unmanned aerial vehicle according to the set preset arrangement points.
According to the technical scheme, the system and the method for monitoring the large-area environmental parameters based on the wireless communication comprise a plurality of wireless sensing nodes, wireless sink nodes, an unmanned aerial vehicle and a ground workstation, wherein the wireless sink nodes are arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle; the wireless sensing nodes are arranged at preset arrangement points in a monitored environment in a large area and used for monitoring the environment and generating environment parameters.
In the practical application process, the unmanned aerial vehicle carries the wireless sink node to fly along the line of the arrangement point, and broadcasts data return instructions along the way through wireless communication; after receiving a data return instruction, the wireless sensing node sends the monitored environmental parameters to the wireless aggregation node; the wireless sink node saves the received environmental parameters in the storage, and after the unmanned aerial vehicle falls, the storage can dump the stored environmental parameters to the ground workstation.
The method comprises the steps that a wireless sensing node with an environmental parameter measuring function and a wireless communication function which are discretely arranged is utilized to carry out environmental parameter detection and wireless communication at preset intervals; gathering monitored environmental parameters through wireless communication by using an unmanned aerial vehicle; after the unmanned aerial vehicle navigates back, the acquired environmental parameters are imported into the ground workstation and stored in a background database of the ground workstation. In the mode, the wireless sensing nodes and the wireless aggregation nodes are in wireless communication, and the acquired environmental parameters are stored in the storage card on the wireless aggregation node carried by the unmanned aerial vehicle, so that the dependence on communication infrastructure is avoided. The flight range of the unmanned aerial vehicle is wide, and the flight speed, the height, the track and the like of the unmanned aerial vehicle can execute flight tasks in a complex field environment, so that the intensive and spaced environment monitoring on the forest, grassland, farmland, wilderness and other areas without any infrastructure in a large area range is realized.
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In order to more clearly explain the technical solution of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an application scenario of a wireless communication based large-area environmental parameter monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an operating principle of a large-area environment parameter monitoring system based on wireless communication according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a wireless sensing node according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following examples do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. But merely as exemplifications of systems and methods consistent with certain aspects of the application, as recited in the claims.
The method aims to solve the problem that an environment monitoring mode cannot be suitable for a field environment with complex conditions when large-area environment parameters are monitored in the prior art. As shown in fig. 1, a schematic view of an application scenario of a large-area environmental parameter monitoring system based on wireless communication is provided in an embodiment of the present application, a first aspect of the embodiment of the present application provides a large-area environmental parameter monitoring system based on wireless communication, so as to perform environmental parameter monitoring on forests, grasslands, wastelands, gobi and the like in a large area, where a plurality of wireless sensing nodes are arranged at predetermined arrangement points in a monitored environment in a large area, and are used for monitoring the environment and generating environmental parameters; the arrangement points are preset according to the landform and the landform of the monitoring environment, for example, in areas with complex landform and variable landform environments, more arrangement points are arranged in relative quantity; similar at topography, topography is single relatively, and environmental parameter is more stable region, sets up the point of arranging that relative quantity still less, and the detecting system of this application, nimble realization the monitoring of large tracts of land environment, lay convenient and fast, need not lay monitoring site etc. does not have the requirement to environmental topography etc. has saved manpower and materials cost simultaneously.
The wireless sink node is arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the unmanned aerial vehicle carries the wireless sink node along the line corresponding to the preset arrangement point. As shown in fig. 2, in a working principle schematic diagram of a large-area environmental parameter monitoring system based on wireless communication provided in an embodiment of the present application, in a flight process of an unmanned aerial vehicle, a wireless aggregation node establishes wireless connection with a wireless sensing node in a wireless communication range, and completes acquisition of environmental parameters of each wireless sensing node through wireless connection, where a specific working principle is that the wireless aggregation node broadcasts a data return instruction through wireless communication; and the line corresponding to the preset arrangement point is planned according to the shortest distance of the whole flying line, wherein the unmanned aerial vehicle takes off from the ground workstation and returns to the ground workstation after passing through the wireless sensing node. After receiving a data return instruction, the wireless sensing node sends the monitored environmental parameters to the wireless aggregation node; the wireless sink node is provided with a storage card for storing the acquired environmental parameters, the wireless sink node is provided with the storage card and stores the received environmental parameters in a storage, and after the unmanned aerial vehicle falls, the wireless sink node is connected with the ground workstation to transfer the environmental parameters to the ground workstation.
Further, in some embodiments of the present application, a high-power battery is disposed in the wireless sensing node. The high-energy battery is arranged in the wireless sensing node and used for supplying power to the threading sensing node, the wireless sensing node is thrown by an unmanned aerial vehicle in a throwing mode, the wireless sensing node enters a working state after falling to the ground and collects and stores environmental parameters according to specified working frequency, and the wireless sensing node is shown in figure 3 and is a schematic structural diagram of the wireless sensing node provided by the embodiment of the application. The wireless sensing node is provided with a processor, a data memory connected with the processor, an environmental parameter acquisition sensor and a wireless communication device.
The environmental parameters include; one or more of a temperature parameter, a humidity parameter, an illumination intensity parameter, a vibration parameter, an air pressure parameter and a position parameter;
the wireless sensing nodes respectively comprise: one or more of a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a vibration sensor, an illumination intensity sensor, an air pressure sensor, and a geographic position sensor. The environmental parameter of collection includes ambient temperature, humidity, vibrations, illumination intensity, atmospheric pressure, geographical position and operating time to the environmental parameter of gathering is kept in at data memory wireless communication device receives the data passback instruction of wireless sink node broadcast after, through wireless communication device will keep in environmental parameter in the data memory sends for wireless sink node.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment of the application, the environmental parameter acquisition sensor is not limited to being a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a vibration sensor, an illumination intensity sensor, an air pressure sensor and a geographic position sensor, and a sensor for acquiring other environmental parameters may also be added according to the actual application requirements, so as to meet the requirement of environmental monitoring.
Further, in some embodiments of the present application, a time timer is disposed in the wireless sensing node. Thereby ensuring the acquisition time in the acquired environmental parameters.
Further, in some embodiments of the present application, a communication frequency of the wireless sensing node and the wireless aggregation node is 2.420GHz to 2.4835 GHz. The communication frequency of 2.420 GHz-2.4835 GHz is adopted, on one hand, low power consumption of communication is guaranteed, the maximum transmitting power of the communication is not more than 10dBm, the communication distance is not less than 150 meters, the communication speed is not less than 50kbps, and the communication requirements of a wireless aggregation node carried on an unmanned aerial vehicle and a wireless sensing node on the ground are met. For example, the data volume acquired by the wireless sensor node at a single time does not exceed 50 bytes, the acquisition frequency is set to be acquired once per hour, the environmental parameters acquired in one day do not exceed 1200 bytes, the environmental parameters acquired in one day are sent to the wireless sink node, and the communication time does not exceed 0.3 second either. On the other hand, the communication frequency of 2.420 GHz-2.4835 GH belongs to the wireless frequency for the industry, science and medicine without application, does not need any communication infrastructure support, and can be used in a large-area field area.
Further, in order to realize the throwing type throwing of the wireless sensing node and the long-term field use of the wireless sensing node, in some embodiments of the present application, the wireless sensing node is provided with a fully sealed enclosure with a protection grade IP 67. The wireless sensing node is in dormancy in most of time, and the time for single acquisition is short, so the overall power consumption is extremely low, and the wireless sensing node can work for more than 3 years, and is required to be provided with a shell with a higher protection level.
Wherein, IP67 is the higher level of the standard of the dustproof and waterproof grade in GB/T4208-2017 shell protection grade (IP code), and is only second to the highest level of IP 68. The last two digits XX of IPXX, the first X being the dustproof grade from 0 to 6, the highest grade being 6; the 2 nd bit X is a waterproof rating from 0 to 8, with the highest rating of 8.
Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the working parameters of the wireless sensor node may be reconfigured during a use process, and are not limited to parameters set before the wireless sensor node is thrown, and when the working parameters of the wireless sensor node need to be reconfigured, the processor sends a configuration instruction to the processor of the wireless sensor node through the wireless sink node, and the processor configures the working parameters of the wireless sensor node according to the configuration instruction, where the working parameters include an acquisition period, an acquisition item, and a wireless communication parameter.
The following are embodiments of the method of the present application, which are implemented by embodiments of the system of the present application described above. For details which are not disclosed in the method embodiments of the present application, reference is made to the system embodiments of the present application.
A second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a method for monitoring large area environmental parameters based on wireless communication, where the method for monitoring large area environmental parameters includes:
monitoring an environment and generating environment parameters through a plurality of wireless sensing nodes which are distributed in advance; a plurality of the wireless sensing nodes are arranged at a preset arrangement point in a large-area environment.
And controlling the unmanned aerial vehicle carrying the wireless aggregation nodes to fly according to the corresponding lines according to the preset arrangement point corresponding lines of the wireless sensing nodes, wherein the wireless aggregation nodes are wirelessly connected with the wireless sensing nodes in a wireless communication range in the flying process of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the environmental parameters of the wireless sensing nodes are collected.
Wherein, in the flight of unmanned aerial vehicle, wireless convergent node and the wireless sensing node wireless connection in the wireless communication scope to gather wireless sensing node's environmental parameter's step specifically is: in the flight of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the wireless sink node broadcasts a data return instruction through wireless communication; after receiving a data return instruction, a wireless sensing node in a wireless communication range sends monitored environmental parameters to the wireless sink node; the wireless aggregation node stores the received environmental parameters in a memory.
And the wireless aggregation node establishes connection with the ground workstation and stores the environmental parameters stored in the memory to the ground workstation.
And completing environment monitoring according to the acquired environment parameters of the aggregation node.
Further, the environmental parameter monitoring method further includes:
and presetting a preset arrangement point of the wireless sensing node according to the landform and the landform of the monitoring environment.
And loading the wireless sensing nodes by the unmanned aerial vehicle, and releasing the wireless sensing nodes by the unmanned aerial vehicle according to the set preset arrangement points.
According to the technical scheme, the system and the method for monitoring the large-area environmental parameters based on the wireless communication comprise a plurality of wireless sensing nodes, wireless sink nodes, an unmanned aerial vehicle and a ground workstation, wherein the wireless sink nodes are arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle; the wireless sensing nodes are arranged at preset arrangement points in a monitored environment in a large area and used for monitoring the environment and generating environment parameters.
In the practical application process, the unmanned aerial vehicle carries the wireless sink node to fly along the line of the arrangement point, and broadcasts data return instructions along the way through wireless communication; after receiving a data return instruction, the wireless sensing node sends the monitored environmental parameters to the wireless aggregation node; the wireless sink node saves the received environmental parameters in the storage, and after the unmanned aerial vehicle falls, the storage can dump the stored environmental parameters to the ground workstation.
The method comprises the steps that a wireless sensing node with an environmental parameter measuring function and a wireless communication function which are discretely arranged is utilized to carry out environmental parameter detection and wireless communication at preset intervals; gathering monitored environmental parameters through wireless communication by using an unmanned aerial vehicle; after the unmanned aerial vehicle navigates back, the acquired environmental parameters are imported into the ground workstation and stored in a background database of the ground workstation. In the mode, the wireless sensing nodes and the wireless aggregation nodes are in wireless communication, and the acquired environmental parameters are stored in the storage card on the wireless aggregation node carried by the unmanned aerial vehicle, so that the dependence on communication infrastructure is avoided. The flight range of the unmanned aerial vehicle is wide, and the flight speed, the height, the track and the like of the unmanned aerial vehicle can execute flight tasks in a complex field environment, so that the intensive and spaced environment monitoring on the forest, grassland, farmland, wilderness and other areas without any infrastructure in a large area range is realized.
The embodiments provided in the present application are only a few examples of the general concept of the present application, and do not limit the scope of the present application. Any other embodiments extended according to the scheme of the present application without inventive efforts will be within the scope of protection of the present application for a person skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. A large-area environmental parameter monitoring system based on wireless communication is characterized by comprising a plurality of wireless sensing nodes, wireless sink nodes, an unmanned aerial vehicle and a ground workstation, wherein the wireless sink nodes are arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle;
the wireless sensing nodes are arranged at preset arrangement points in a large-area monitoring environment and are used for monitoring the environment and generating environment parameters;
the wireless aggregation nodes are arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle, the unmanned aerial vehicle carries the wireless aggregation nodes to fly along the lines corresponding to the preset arrangement points, wireless connection is established between the wireless aggregation nodes and wireless sensing nodes in a wireless communication range, and the collection of the environmental parameters of the wireless sensing nodes is completed through the wireless connection;
the wireless sink node is provided with a storage card for storing the acquired environmental parameters, and the wireless sink node is connected with the ground workstation to transfer the environmental parameters to the ground workstation.
2. The large area environmental parameter monitoring system of claim 1, wherein a high power battery is disposed in the wireless sensing node;
and/or; the wireless sensing node is provided with a processor, a data memory connected with the processor, an environmental parameter acquisition sensor and a wireless communication device.
3. The large area environmental parameter monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the environmental parameters include; one or more of a temperature parameter, a humidity parameter, an illumination intensity parameter, a vibration parameter, an air pressure parameter and a position parameter;
the wireless sensing nodes respectively comprise: one or more of a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a vibration sensor, an illumination intensity sensor, an air pressure sensor, and a geographic position sensor.
4. The large-area environmental parameter monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the unmanned aerial vehicle is further provided with a launching device for loading the wireless sensing nodes and launching the wireless sensing nodes according to a predetermined arrangement point; the arrangement points are preset according to the landform and the landform of the monitoring environment.
5. The large area environmental parameter monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein said wireless sensing node is provided with a fully sealed enclosure with protection class IP 67.
6. The large area environmental parameter monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the wireless aggregation node is further configured to configure working parameters of the wireless sensor nodes through wireless communication, and the working parameters include acquisition periods, acquisition items and wireless communication parameters; and a time timer is arranged in the wireless sensing node.
7. The large area environmental parameter monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the communication frequency between the wireless sensing node and the wireless aggregation node is 2.420 GHz-2.4835 GHz.
8. A large-area environmental parameter monitoring method based on wireless communication is characterized in that,
monitoring an environment and generating environment parameters through a plurality of wireless sensing nodes which are distributed in advance; a plurality of wireless sensing nodes are arranged at a preset arrangement point in a large-area environment;
controlling an unmanned aerial vehicle carrying wireless aggregation nodes to fly according to corresponding lines according to preset arrangement points of the wireless sensing nodes, wherein the wireless aggregation nodes are wirelessly connected with the wireless sensing nodes in a wireless communication range during the flying of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the environmental parameters of the wireless sensing nodes are collected;
and completing environment monitoring according to the acquired environment parameters of the aggregation node.
9. The environmental parameter monitoring method according to claim 8, wherein in the flight of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the step of wirelessly connecting the wireless aggregation node with a wireless sensing node in a wireless communication range and acquiring the environmental parameters of the wireless sensing node includes:
in the flight of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the wireless sink node broadcasts a data return instruction through wireless communication;
after receiving a data return instruction, a wireless sensing node in a wireless communication range sends monitored environmental parameters to the wireless sink node;
the wireless aggregation node stores the received environmental parameters in a memory;
and the wireless aggregation node establishes connection with a ground workstation and stores the environmental parameters stored in the memory to the ground workstation.
10. The environmental parameter monitoring method of claim 8, further comprising:
presetting a preset arrangement point of the wireless sensing node according to the landform and the landform of a monitoring environment;
the wireless sensing nodes are loaded through the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the unmanned aerial vehicle puts in the wireless sensing nodes according to the set preset arrangement points.
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| CN112556759A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-03-26 | 苏州敏视达信息科技有限公司 | Multi-sensor wireless environment monitoring system based on unmanned aerial vehicle |
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