CN110082498A - A kind of landslide monitoring data unmanned plane acquisition system based on wireless sensor Internet of Things - Google Patents
A kind of landslide monitoring data unmanned plane acquisition system based on wireless sensor Internet of Things Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of landslide monitoring data unmanned plane acquisition system based on wireless sensor Internet of Things, sensor node including being distributed across slip mass, routing node, aggregation node, Internet of Things network control system, monitoring center and unmanned plane, the unmanned plane is for waking up sensor node, UAV flight's wake-up device, for emitting the data packet for waking up node to sensor node, the sensor node is for acquiring land slide data and data being uploaded to aggregation node storage by wireless multi-hop routing node, the data of aggregation node are transferred to monitoring center by internet.Present invention incorporates technology of Internet of things and unmanned air vehicle technique, have certain novelty.Wireless sensor technology of Internet of things can be realized the automatic collection of landslide monitoring data, store and transmit, and unmanned air vehicle technique then realizes the long-range control of data acquisition, get rid of the limitation of field condition.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sensor network technique fields, and in particular to a kind of landslide prison based on wireless sensor Internet of Things
Measured data unmanned plane acquisition system.
Background technique
Landslide is a kind of natural calamity common in engineering geological problems, especially common in mountain area and river valley area.With weight
For celebrating, according to statistics the existing crag in whole city area, at landslide up to 777, as many as at average every square kilometre up to five.It is many
Important factory and residential block just build that landslide is upper or place close to landslide in, massif caused by coming down collapse and heavy rain after
The mud-rock flow of formation often causes serious harm to nation-building and people's lives and properties.To prevent trouble before it happens, it is necessary to come down into
Row monitoring, realizes the early prediction of landslide.
The common method of landslide monitoring is broadly divided into artificial process and two kinds of instrumental measurement at present.Artificial process mainly according to
Field observation is carried out at the scene that may be come down by experienced technical staff.In the process, technical staff is main
Using some simple tool such as paper tapes and batten etc., place it in the crack that slide strip has occurred as mark.Cross one
Whether observation marker moves after the section time, judges whether landslide has the tendency that continuing development with this.This method letter
It is single easy, but can only be forecast coming down into after accelerating deformation latter stage, and specific data can not be provided and carry out the following entirety
Time to rupture forecast, is a kind of more original qualitative monitoring method.In order to still in initial deformation stage and stable deformation
The landslide in stage carries out the following whole time to rupture forecast, it is necessary to by means of a variety of advanced technical equipment, that is, use instrument
Measuring method.
A kind of method for monitoring mountain area landslide, mud-rock flow based on unmanned plane of application number 201410383266.9,
The imaging device and positioning device carried by the orientation cruise of unmanned plane and unmanned plane is shot, will by computer software
The data being collected into are analyzed, are made for mountain area landslide, the accurate rescue mode of mud-rock flow and route methods；The present invention
By the way that unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing technical application to mountain area burst accident is rescued field, can judge that landslide or mud-rock flow area occurs
Disaster area in domain carries out seamless search by unmanned plane by computer modeling and planning, quickly, comprehensively to disaster-stricken
There is the interior of region interior disaster-stricken situation to be monitored, but for the data such as the specific data such as gradient, humidity on landslide without
Method monitoring.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of landslides based on wireless sensor Internet of Things
Monitoring data unmanned plane acquisition system, overcomes that conventional monitoring methods real-time is poor, manageability etc. does not lack time-consuming and laborious, data
Point gets rid of the limitation of field condition, realizes the real-time automatic collecting of landslide monitoring data and quickly and efficiently transmits.
To achieve the above object, the present invention is realized by the following scheme: a kind of landslide based on wireless sensor Internet of Things
Monitoring data unmanned plane acquisition system, sensor node, routing node, aggregation node, object including being distributed across slip mass
Control system of online, monitoring center and unmanned plane, the unmanned plane wake up for waking up sensor node, the UAV flight
Equipment, for emitting the data packet for waking up node to sensor node, the sensor node is for acquiring land slide data and leading to
It crosses wireless multi-hop routing node and data is uploaded to aggregation node storage, the data of aggregation node are transferred to by prison by internet
Control center.
The routing node include routing node ontology, the central controller A being set on routing node ontology and with
Flash memory module A, the wirless transmitting and receiving module A of central controller A connection, routing node receiving sensor node upload
Small range number evidence, and store to Flash memory module A, the data of the Flash memory module A storage pass through routing node
Wireless transmission transceiver module A be sent to aggregation node.
The aggregation node includes aggregation node ontology, the central controller being set on aggregation node ontology and in
Entreat Flash memory module B, the power module B, wirless transmitting and receiving module B of controller connection, the wireless transmission of aggregation node
Receiving module receives the middleweight data that routing node uploads, and stores to Flash memory module B, the aggregation node acquisition
Big range number according to storing to Flash memory module, the nothing that the data of the Flash memory module B storage pass through aggregation node
Line transmitting and receiving module B is sent to monitoring center.
Preferably, the sensor node, routing node, aggregation node pass through ZigBee technology between any two and realize node
Between data short-distance transmission.
The sensor node includes sensor module, processor module, radio receiving transmitting module and power module, is used respectively
In the energy supply of the acquisition of monitoring data, storage, transmission and entire node.
Preferably, the sensor module includes Temperature Humidity Sensor, salinity sensor, ambient light sensor, wave biography
Sensor, air velocity transducer, wind vane, three axis accelerometer and A/D converter.
The aggregation node is placed in the sensor Internet of Things web area on landslide by the uniform cloth of unmanned plane, each aggregation node
Communicate with sensor node in range, routing node networking forms three layers of collecting structure, the sensor node in set
The data of acquisition aggregation node is sent to through routing node wireless by way of multi-hop relay to store.
Preferably, the power module uses lithium battery.
Preferably, the sensor module working method uses dormancy mechanism.
A kind of landslide monitoring data unmanned plane acquisition system based on wireless sensor Internet of Things, in operation, including with
Lower step:
1) when unmanned plane flies up to landslide areas, wake-up device can emit the data packet of a wake-up node, monitor when node is in
Data packet can be received when in the period, and judges whether it is wakeup packet, if so, being waken up into data acquisition scheme
And wake-up device end can be given a response, in order to avoid wake-up device repeat its transmission data packet；If it is not, then node keeps prison
- suspend mode is listened, next data packet is waited, data packet is not received when sensor node is in suspend mode, wakes up end meeting
Continue to emit data packet to sensor node, until sensor node is waken up；
2) sensor module acquisition landslide volume data, processor module carry out processing storage to data and pass through radio receiving transmitting module
It is transferred to routing node；
3) the small range number evidence that routing node receiving sensor node uploads, and store to Flash memory module A, it is described
The data of Flash memory module A storage are sent to aggregation node by the wireless transmission transceiver module A of routing node；
4) wirless transmitting and receiving module of aggregation node receives the middleweight data that routing node uploads, and stores to Flash and deposit
Store up module B, the big range number of aggregation node acquisition is deposited according to storing to Flash memory module B, the Flash memory module B
The data of storage are sent to monitoring center by the wirless transmitting and receiving module B of aggregation node.
The invention has the benefit that the working method of 1, sensor uses dormancy mechanism, i.e., without being constantly in work
State, after data, which acquire, to be completed and be transferred to monitoring center, sensor will enter suspend mode, and waiting is called out next time
It wakes up；
2, sensor node is packaged through multi-hop routing to aggregation node, then by internet by the data at aggregation node
Remote transmission is avoided that in transmission process to monitoring center since transmission range too far lose by caused signal decaying and data packet
It loses；
3, the application of unmanned air vehicle technique compensates for artificial deficiency well, gets rid of the limitation of field condition, can be to sensor
Node is remotely controlled, and is realized the real-time automatic collecting of monitoring data and is quickly and efficiently transmitted；
4, the energy of wireless sensor node is supplied by lithium battery or other batteries, and energy saving extends the work of whole system
Make the service life.
Detailed description of the invention
Following further describes the present invention with reference to the drawings:
Fig. 1 is system construction drawing of the invention；
Fig. 2 is wireless sensor internet of things structure chart；
Fig. 3 is data transmission route line chart；
Fig. 4 is that unmanned plane wakes up sensor node flow chart；
Fig. 5 is data acquisition flow figure；
Fig. 6 is electrolysis bubble schematic illustration；
Fig. 7 is variable resistance potentiometers schematic diagram in landslide monitoring；
In figure: sensor node 1, routing node 2, aggregation node 3, unmanned plane 4, Internet of Things network control system 5, monitoring center 6.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of landslide monitoring data unmanned plane acquisition system based on wireless sensor Internet of Things, including point
Dissipate sensor node 1, routing node 2, aggregation node 3, Internet of Things network control system 5, monitoring center 6 and the nothing for being arranged in slip mass
Man-machine 4, the unmanned plane 4 carries wake-up device for waking up sensor node 1, the unmanned plane 4, wakes up node for emitting
Data packet to sensor node 1, the sensor node 1 is for acquiring land slide data and by wireless multi-hop routing node 2
Data are uploaded to aggregation node 3 to store, the data of aggregation node 3 are transferred to by monitoring center 6 by internet.
The routing node 2 include 2 ontology of routing node, the central controller A that is set on 2 ontology of routing node and
Flash memory module A, the wirless transmitting and receiving module A being connect with central controller A, 2 receiving sensor node 1 of routing node
The small range number evidence uploaded, and store to Flash memory module A, the data of the Flash memory module A storage pass through routing
The wireless transmission transceiver module A of node 2 is sent to aggregation node 3.
The aggregation node 3 include 3 ontology of aggregation node, the central controller that is set on 3 ontology of aggregation node and
Flash memory module B, power module B, the wirless transmitting and receiving module B being connect with central controller, aggregation node 3 it is wireless
Transmitting and receiving module receives the middleweight data that routing node 2 uploads, and stores to Flash memory module B, the aggregation node
For the big range number of 3 acquisitions according to storing to Flash memory module, the data of the Flash memory module B storage pass through aggregation node
3 wirless transmitting and receiving module B is sent to monitoring center 6.
The sensor node 1, routing node 2, aggregation node 3 are between any two by between ZigBee technology realization node
Data short-distance transmission.ZigBee technology is a kind of low complex degree, low-power consumption, low rate, the bidirectional wireless communication skill of low cost
Art.In addition, ZigBee equipment only leans on No. 5 batteries of two sections that can maintain the use time up to 6 months to 2 years or so.
The sensor node 1 includes sensor module, processor module, radio receiving transmitting module and power module, difference
Energy supply for the acquisition of monitoring data, storage, transmission and entire node.
The sensor module includes Temperature Humidity Sensor, salinity sensor, ambient light sensor, Wave Sensor, wind
Fast sensor, wind vane, three axis accelerometer and A/D converter.
The aggregation node 3 is placed in the sensor Internet of Things web area on landslide by the uniform cloth of unmanned plane 4, each convergence section
Point 3 communicates with sensor node 1 in range, 2 networking of routing node forms three layers of collecting structure, the sensor in set
The data of acquisition are wirelessly sent to aggregation node 3 through routing node 2 by way of multi-hop relay and stored by node 1.Such as
Shown in Fig. 2, the structure of entire wireless sensor internet of things uses tufted type.
The power module uses lithium battery.In view of the limitation of field condition, inspired confidence in using lithium battery or common south
Battery, energy saving extend the working life of whole system.
The sensor module working method uses dormancy mechanism.
It is big in view of slip mass potential danger, area coverage is wide, staff can not often reach the factors such as the region, pass through
4 technology of unmanned plane is introduced, manipulation unmanned plane 4 flies to landslide areas.Wake-up device is carried on unmanned plane 4, when unmanned plane 4 is flown up to
When landslide areas, wake-up device can emit the data packet of a wake-up node, it is assumed that node is usually monitoring-suspend mode, prison
It listens the time to be larger than the time that data packet is transferred to sensor node 1 by transmitting terminal, avoids sensor node 1 in listening period
Data packet is not received in section.Data packet can be received when node is in listening period section, and judges whether it is wake-up number
According to packet, if so, be waken up into data acquisition scheme and wake-up device end can be given a response, in case wake-up device repeats to send out
Penetrate data packet；If it is not, then node keeps monitoring-suspend mode, next data packet is waited.For wake-up device end
Speech, then indicates to wake up successfully, if not receiving, then it represents that sensor node 1 is in suspend mode mould after receiving the response that node is made
Formula, waking up end will continue to emit data packet to sensor node 1, until node is waken up, process is as shown in Figure 4.
When carrying out data acquisition, node initializing is first in suspend mode if node does not need acquisition data；
If desired, then data are collected by sensor module, then judges whether data acquire success.The data of successful acquisition pass through mould
Number conversion, is converted into digital signal by analog signal, is then simply handled and stored by processor module, finally by
Radio receiving transmitting module is transferred to even higher level of node, and process is as shown in Figure 5.
A kind of landslide monitoring data unmanned plane acquisition system based on wireless sensor Internet of Things, in operation, including with
Lower step:
1) when unmanned plane 4 flies up to landslide areas, wake-up device can emit the data packet of a wake-up node, monitor when node is in
Data packet can be received when in the period, and judges whether it is wakeup packet, if so, being waken up into data acquisition scheme
And wake-up device end can be given a response, in order to avoid wake-up device repeat its transmission data packet；If it is not, then node keeps prison
- suspend mode is listened, next data packet is waited, data packet is not received when sensor node 1 is in suspend mode, wakes up end meeting
Continue to emit data packet to sensor node 1, until sensor node 1 is waken up；
2) sensor module acquisition landslide volume data, processor module carry out processing storage to data and pass through radio receiving transmitting module
It is transferred to routing node 2；
3) the small range number evidence that 2 receiving sensor node 1 of routing node uploads, and store to Flash memory module A, it is described
The data of Flash memory module A storage are sent to aggregation node 3 by the wireless transmission transceiver module A of routing node 2；
4) wirless transmitting and receiving module of aggregation node 3 receives the middleweight data that routing node 2 uploads, and stores to Flash
Memory module B, the big range number that the aggregation node 3 acquires is according to storing to Flash memory module B, the Flash memory module
The data of B storage are sent to monitoring center 6 by the wirless transmitting and receiving module B of aggregation node 3.
DHT11 digital hygro sensor can be used in Temperature Humidity Sensor, and Shanghai river phoenix optics can be used in salinity sensor
Instrument Ltd.'s model SAL-BTA salinity sensor surveys wave, three axis using gravity type using SBS2-1 type Wave Sensor
Accelerometer using the digital three axis acceleration of gravity gradient modules of ADXL345, unmanned plane 4 can be used the smart series of big boundary nobody
Machine 4.
Embodiment 1: the suitable data acquiring frequency of sensor node 1 is determined.Frequency acquisition is excessive, data in the short time
The loss that node easily causes data packet largely is converged to, and energy consumption is high, the service life of sensor node 1 can shorten；Frequency acquisition mistake
It is small, although extending the service life of battery, it cannot reflect the displacement deformation of slip mass in time.Therefore it is kept for one reasonably to adopt
It is particularly important to collect frequency, not only can guarantee that the enough data volumes of acquisition reflect the dynamic of slip mass in time, but also can be effectively controlled section
Point energy consumption, extends lifetime of system.According to the risk factor of slip mass, rainy season can suitably increase the frequency acquisition of data, with
Just the displacement deformation of analysis of landslide body at any time, achievees the purpose that slip mass safety monitoring.
Embodiment 2: sensor node 1 is arranged: sensor node 1 will be distributed across on slip mass, to meet entire
The data of landslide areas acquire, especially at crack, the sensitive positions such as sliding-tongue, geology interface arrange a certain amount of sensing
Device keeps the data of acquisition more representative, the true dynamic for reflecting slip mass.The main purpose of monitoring is to judge the position of slip mass
It moves, therefore the movement of sensor position wants that the movement of slopes at this can be represented, and avoids sensor node 1 being embedded in pine
Dissipate soil layer.
Embodiment 3: can monitor the mobile acceleration in landslide and direction by tiltmeter, and dipmeter has used electrolysis to steep, solution
Conduction liquid in bubble flows between three electrical nodes.One electrical nodes B is fixed on the bottom of phial, other two node A
It is fixed at the top of phial with C, and two nodes and B are equidistant.After being electrified stream between node, conducting liquid can be measured
Impedance.If phial tilts clockwise, then the impedance between A, B increases, and the impedance between B, C reduces.If the phial inverse time
Needle inclination, then situation is just the opposite.Since impedance variations are proportional to inclined angle, therefore the change at inclination angle can be measured.?
When scene uses, tiltmeter will be preceded by protection shell and can just be placed in drilling.To prevent from damaging, the wiring of tiltmeter
It is embedded to underground, drilling is then covered with locking cap.Tiltmeter is generally mounted on ground.When the gradient is precipitous, can not to set up drilling flat
Platform or when can not be drilled due to economic cause, tiltmeter is preferably to select.Electrolysis bubble schematic illustration such as Fig. 6.
Embodiment 4: it can also be measured and be displaced by strain gauge.Strain gauge measures amount of movement using variable resistance parts.Such as
Fig. 2, shown in 3, travelling arm forms electric contact on fixed resistance item, and the all-in resistance of entire circuit depends on travelling arm and exists
Position on fixed resistance item.After deformeter adds a stable DC electric current, ground moving causes travelling arm in fixation
Displacement is generated on resistor stripe, thus causes the corresponding change of output voltage.The wiring and sensing element of instrument can be embedded in underground, prevent
Only damage.Such as variable resistance potentiometers schematic diagram in Fig. 7 landslide monitoring.
The foregoing is merely the embodiments of the invention patent, are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, all utilizations
Equivalent structure made by the content of the present specification is applied directly or indirectly in other relevant technical fields, and is similarly included in
In scope of patent protection of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of landslide monitoring data unmanned plane acquisition system based on wireless sensor Internet of Things, it is characterised in that: including dividing
Sensor node, routing node, aggregation node, Internet of Things network control system, monitoring center and the unmanned plane for being arranged in slip mass are dissipated,
The unmanned plane is for waking up sensor node, UAV flight's wake-up device, for emitting the data packet for waking up node
To sensor node, the sensor node is for acquiring land slide data and being uploaded to data by wireless multi-hop routing node
The data of aggregation node are transferred to monitoring center by internet by aggregation node storage.
2. a kind of landslide monitoring data unmanned plane based on wireless sensor Internet of Things according to claim 1 acquires system
System, it is characterised in that: the routing node includes routing node ontology, the central controller A being set on routing node ontology
And Flash memory module A, the wirless transmitting and receiving module A being connect with central controller A, routing node receiving sensor section
The small range number evidence that point uploads, and store to Flash memory module A, the data of the Flash memory module A storage pass through road
Aggregation node is sent to by the wireless transmission transceiver module A of node.
3. a kind of landslide monitoring data unmanned plane acquisition based on wireless sensor Internet of Things according to claim 1 or 2
System, it is characterised in that: the aggregation node includes aggregation node ontology, the central controller that is set on aggregation node ontology
And Flash memory module B, power module B, the wirless transmitting and receiving module B being connect with central controller, aggregation node
Wirless transmitting and receiving module receives the middleweight data that routing node uploads, and stores to Flash memory module B, the convergence
For the big range number of node acquisition according to storing to Flash memory module, the data of the Flash memory module B storage pass through convergence
The wirless transmitting and receiving module B of node is sent to monitoring center.
4. a kind of landslide monitoring data unmanned plane acquisition based on wireless sensor Internet of Things according to claim 1 or 2
System, it is characterised in that: the sensor node, routing node, aggregation node are realized by ZigBee technology save between any two
Data short-distance transmission between point.
5. a kind of landslide monitoring data unmanned plane based on wireless sensor Internet of Things according to claim 4 acquires system
System, it is characterised in that: the sensor node includes sensor module, processor module, radio receiving transmitting module and power module,
It is respectively used to the energy supply of the acquisitions of monitoring data, storage, transmission and entire node.
6. a kind of landslide monitoring data unmanned plane based on wireless sensor Internet of Things according to claim 5 acquires system
System, it is characterised in that: the sensor module includes Temperature Humidity Sensor, salinity sensor, ambient light sensor, wave sensing
Device, air velocity transducer, wind vane, three axis accelerometer and A/D converter.
7. a kind of landslide monitoring data based on wireless sensor Internet of Things described according to claim 1 or 2 or 5 or 6 nobody
Machine acquisition system, it is characterised in that: the aggregation node is placed on the sensor Internet of Things web area on landslide by the uniform cloth of unmanned plane
Interior, each aggregation node communicates with sensor node in range, routing node networking forms three layers of collecting structure, set
The data of acquisition are routed node wireless by way of multi-hop relay and are sent to aggregation node progress by interior sensor node
Storage.
8. a kind of landslide monitoring data unmanned plane based on wireless sensor Internet of Things according to claim 5 acquires system
System, it is characterised in that: the power module uses lithium battery.
9. a kind of landslide monitoring data unmanned plane based on wireless sensor Internet of Things according to claim 5 acquires system
System, it is characterised in that: the sensor module working method uses dormancy mechanism.
10. a kind of according to claim 1 or 2 or 5 or 6 or 8 or 9 described in any item landslides based on wireless sensor Internet of Things
Monitoring data unmanned plane acquisition system, which is characterized in that in operation, comprising the following steps:
1) when unmanned plane flies up to landslide areas, wake-up device can emit the data packet of a wake-up node, monitor when node is in
Data packet can be received when in the period, and judges whether it is wakeup packet, if so, being waken up into data acquisition scheme
And wake-up device end can be given a response, in order to avoid wake-up device repeat its transmission data packet；If it is not, then node keeps prison
- suspend mode is listened, next data packet is waited, data packet is not received when sensor node is in suspend mode, wakes up end meeting
Continue to emit data packet to sensor node, until sensor node is waken up；
2) sensor module acquisition landslide volume data, processor module carry out processing storage to data and pass through radio receiving transmitting module
It is transferred to routing node；
3) the small range number evidence that routing node receiving sensor node uploads, and store to Flash memory module A, it is described
The data of Flash memory module A storage are sent to aggregation node by the wireless transmission transceiver module A of routing node；
4) wirless transmitting and receiving module of aggregation node receives the middleweight data that routing node uploads, and stores to Flash and deposit
Store up module B, the big range number of aggregation node acquisition is deposited according to storing to Flash memory module B, the Flash memory module B
The data of storage are sent to monitoring center by the wirless transmitting and receiving module B of aggregation node.
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| CN112506215A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-03-16 | 广州工程技术职业学院 | Internet of things data acquisition method and unmanned aerial vehicle |
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| CN113038075A (en) * | 2021-03-03 | 2021-06-25 | 四川大学 | Data transmission system and method based on air-ground integrated data link |
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| CN114564239A (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2022-05-31 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Satellite Internet of things monitoring method and system suitable for emergency scene |
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