CN111979787A - Pvc人造革 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种PVC人造革，包括：表层(2)、基布层(5)、紧邻所述基布层(5)位于基布层(5)上层的接着层(4)、及位于所述表层(2)和所述接着层(4)之间的发泡层(3)以及位于所述表层(2)上层的功能增强层(1)，所述功能增强层(1)为聚碳型水系聚氨酯树脂，所述表层(2)包括增塑剂、PVC粉末、稳定剂、抗氧剂、紫外线吸收剂、发泡剂和填料；本发明的PVC人造革气味小，甲苯、二甲苯、乙苯、苯乙烯、笨等有机挥发物浓度低，使用时对人体伤害小。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及复合材料领域，特别涉及PVC人造革。
背景技术
近几年，人们对自身所处空间的空气质量越发关注，尤其是甲醛等有机挥发物，由于有较大的毒性和气味，成为人们关注的焦点。而汽车作为日常频繁使用的代步工具，由于其具有独立空间和较长停留时间，对其VOC(甲苯、二甲苯、乙苯、苯乙烯、笨等有机挥发物浓度)的排放要求也越来越高。2018年7月国家发布的GB/T27630《乘用车内空气质量评价指南》已有强制要求。
PVC人造革作为人造革中的一种，被广泛应用于遮阳板、座椅、门板、手刹护套、方向盘等的包覆表皮。而普通的PVC人造革，在制作过程中用到了大量的溶剂、增塑剂、表面处理剂等，成品中的有机挥发物较多，且气味大，完全无法达到国标GB/T27630《乘用车内空气质量评价指南》的要求。
发明内容
基于此，提供一种PVC人造革，气味小，有机挥发物浓度低。
为了实现上述发明目的，本发明采用了如下技术方案：一种PVC人造革，包括：表层、基布层、紧邻所述基布层位于基布层上层的接着层、及位于所述表层和所述接着层之间的发泡层以及位于所述表层上层的功能增强层，所述功能增强层为聚碳型水系聚氨酯树脂，所述表层包括增塑剂、PVC粉末、稳定剂、抗氧剂、紫外线吸收剂、发泡剂和填料。
此外，本发明还包括如下技术方案：
在优选的实施例中，所述功能增强层的涂布量为10-50g/m2。
在优选的实施例中，所述表层的涂布量为100-400g/m2。
在优选的实施例中，所述发泡层的涂布量为100-500g/m2。
在优选的实施例中，所述接着层的涂布量为10-100g/m2。
在优选的实施例中，所述表层的增塑剂的添加量为65-100部，PVC粉末的添加量为70-100部，稳定剂的添加量为1-10部。
在优选的实施例中，所述表层的抗氧剂的添加量为0.1-0.9部，紫外线部的添加量为0-0.8部。
在优选的实施例中，所述表层的发泡剂的添加量为0-0.1部，填料的添加量为0-30部。
在优选的实施例中，所述发泡层(3)和所述接着层(4)包括增塑剂、PVC粉末、稳定剂、抗氧剂、紫外线吸收剂、发泡剂和填料。
在优选的实施例中，将含增塑剂65部、PVC粉末100部、稳定剂10部、抗氧剂0.9部、紫外线吸收剂0.6部、发泡剂0.8部、填料10部的所述表层以250g/m2涂布量、所述功能增强层以30g/m2涂布量、所述发泡层3以300g/m2涂布量、所述接着层以100g/m2涂布量涂布在离型纸上制造PVC人造革。
相比现有技术，本发明的优点在于：
本发明的PVC人造革气味小，甲苯、二甲苯、乙苯、苯乙烯、笨等有机挥发物浓度低，使用时对人体伤害小。
附图说明
图1为本发明PVC人造革的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合较佳实施例及其附图对本发明的具体方案作进步一步非限制性的详细说明。
如图1所示，包括：表层2、基布层5、涂覆在表层2上层的功能增强层1、复合在基布层5上层的接着层4以及位于表层2和接着层4之间的发泡层3。
其中，表层2、发泡层3和接着层4为PVC树脂，功能增强层1为聚碳型水系聚氨酯树脂，基布层5为涤纶。通过合理的原材料筛选和工艺参数设定，达到性能指标的要求。表层2、发泡层3和接着层4均可通过传统的制备方式制得。
本发明中功能增强层1的涂布量为10-50g/m2，表层2的涂布量为100-400g/m2，发泡层3的涂布量为100-500g/m2，接着层4的涂布量为10-100g/m2。
发泡层3和接着层4包括增塑剂、PVC粉末、稳定剂、抗氧剂、紫外线吸收剂、发泡剂和填料。
表层2包括添加量为65-100部的增塑剂、添加量为70-100部的PVC粉末、添加量为1-10部的抗氧剂、添加量为0-0.8部的紫外线吸收剂、添加量为0-0.1部的发泡剂以及添加量为0-30部的填料。其中，增塑剂为特种高分子量的增塑剂。
上述的PVC人造革可引用与汽车内饰。
实施例1
使用涂布机，依次将表层2、发泡层3和接着层4的PVC树脂浆料涂布在离型纸上。其中，表层2包含增塑剂65部、PVC粉末100部、稳定剂10部、抗氧剂0.9部、紫外线吸收剂0.6部、发泡剂0.8部、填料10部。功能增强层1的涂布量为30g/m2，表层2的涂布量为250g/m2，发泡层3的涂布量为300g/m2，接着层4的涂布量为100g/m2。先将基布层5贴合在接着层4上，得到人造革底胚，然后在表层2上进行功能增强层1涂布，得到人造革半成品，最后进行压花处理，得到成品。
实施例2
使用涂布机，依次将表层2、发泡层3和接着层4的PVC树脂浆料涂布在离型纸上。其中，表层2包含增塑剂65部、PVC粉末100部、稳定剂10部、抗氧剂0.9部、紫外线吸收剂0.6部、发泡剂0.8部、填料10部。功能增强层1的涂布量为30g/m2，表层2的涂布量为250g/m2，发泡层3的涂布量为300g/m2，接着层4的涂布量为100g/m2。先将基布层5贴合在接着层4上，得到人造革底胚，然后在表层2上进行功能增强层1涂布，得到人造革半成品，最后进行压花处理，得到成品。
实施例3
使用涂布机，依次将表层2、发泡层3和接着层4的PVC树脂浆料涂布在离型纸上。其中，表层2包含增塑剂75部、PVC粉末80部、稳定剂7部、抗氧剂0.4部、紫外线吸收剂0.6部、发泡剂0.5部、填料23部。功能增强层1的涂布量为40g/m2，表层2的涂布量为130g/m2，发泡层3的涂布量为280g/m2，接着层4的涂布量为85g/m2。先将基布层5贴合在接着层4上，得到人造革底胚，然后在表层2上进行功能增强层1涂布，得到人造革半成品，最后进行压花处理，得到成品。
本发明PVC人造革的甲苯、二甲苯、乙苯、苯乙烯、笨等有机挥发物浓度在1.0μg/100cm2以下；三点比較式臭気法测试结果30以下。
本发明的有益效果为：
本发明的PVC人造革气味小，甲苯、二甲苯、乙苯、苯乙烯、笨等有机挥发物浓度低，使用时对人体伤害小。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。
Claims (10)
1.一种PVC人造革，其特征在于：包括：表层(2)、基布层(5)、涂覆在所述表层(2)上层的功能增强层(1)、复合在所述基布层(5)上层的接着层(4)以及位于所述表层(2)和所述接着层(4)之间的发泡层(3)，所述功能增强层(1)为聚碳型水系聚氨酯树脂，所述表层(2)包括增塑剂、PVC粉末、稳定剂、抗氧剂、紫外线吸收剂、发泡剂和填料。
2.根据权利要求1所述PVC人造革，其特征在于，所述功能增强层(1)的涂布量为10-50g/m2。
3.根据权利要求1所述PVC人造革，其特征在于，所述表层(2)的涂布量为100-400g/m2。
4.根据权利要求1所述PVC人造革，其特征在于，所述发泡层(3)的涂布量为100-500g/m2。
5.根据权利要求1所述PVC人造革，其特征在于，所述接着层(4)的涂布量为10-100g/m2。
6.根据权利要求1所述PVC人造革，其特征在于，所述表层(2)的增塑剂的添加量为65-100部，PVC粉末的添加量为70-100部，稳定剂的添加量为1-10部。
7.根据权利要求1所述PVC人造革，其特征在于，所述表层(2)的抗氧剂的添加量为0.1-0.9部，所述紫外线吸收剂的添加量为0-0.8部。
8.根据权利要求1所述PVC人造革，其特征在于，所述表层(2)的发泡剂的添加量为0-0.1部，填料的添加量为0-30部。
9.根据权利要求1所述PVC人造革，其特征在于，所述发泡层(3)和所述接着层(4)包括增塑剂、PVC粉末、稳定剂、抗氧剂、紫外线吸收剂、发泡剂和填料。
10.根据权利要求1所述PVC人造革，其特征在于，将含增塑剂65部、PVC粉末100部、稳定剂10部、抗氧剂0.9部、紫外线吸收剂0.6部、发泡剂0.8部、填料10部的所述表层(2)以250g/m2涂布量、所述功能增强层(1)以30g/m2涂布量、所述发泡层3以300g/m2涂布量、所述接着层(4)以100g/m2涂布量涂布在离型纸上制造PVC人造革。
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