CN111919797A - Method for improving survival rate of fertilized eggs of schizothorax laggera - Google Patents
Method for improving survival rate of fertilized eggs of schizothorax laggera Download PDFInfo
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- CN111919797A CN111919797A CN202010841460.2A CN202010841460A CN111919797A CN 111919797 A CN111919797 A CN 111919797A CN 202010841460 A CN202010841460 A CN 202010841460A CN 111919797 A CN111919797 A CN 111919797A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
- A01K61/17—Hatching, e.g. incubators
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/116—Heterocyclic compounds
- A23K20/121—Heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen or sulfur as hetero atom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Abstract
The invention provides a method for improving the survival rate of fertilized eggs of Lasa schizothorax fish, which comprises the following steps: (1) selecting female Lasa schizothorax prenanti with age more than 11 from the female parent fish, selecting male Lasa schizothorax prenanti with age more than 10 from the male parent fish, and separately culturing the female parent fish and the male parent fish; (2) in the separate cultivation process, the female parent fish and the male parent fish are fed with the conditioning feed for 15-30 days every day; (3) polyculturing female parent fish and male parent fish, respectively injecting oxytocin, respectively extruding out egg grains and sperms, and performing insemination on the fish eggs by adopting dry insemination; (4) the fish eggs are incubated in the early stage by using still water or microflow water, and then incubated in the later stage by using running water. The method for improving the survival rate of the fertilized eggs of the Lasa schizothorax fish preliminarily improves the self quality of the parent fish, feeds the parent fish by feeding conditioning feed, improves the egg membrane quality of the fertilized eggs, and improves the survival rate of the fertilized eggs of the Lasa schizothorax fish.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of fish culture, and particularly relates to a method for improving the survival rate of fertilized eggs of Lasa schizothorax fish.
Background
The Schizothorax laggera (Schizothorax waltoni Regan) belongs to the subfamily Schizothorax laggera (Schizothoracinae), and the Schizothorax laggera (Schizothorax) is only distributed in the middle and upper reaches of the Yanuguengbu river in China and is a unique species in China. The Lassa Schizothorax as important economic fish in Tibet area needs research and protection because the resource amount is rare.
The Lasa schizothorax prenanti is a special fish in the Yalu Tibetan Bujiang, and is a precious resource in China. However, the population quantity of the existing rasa schizothorax fishes is sharply reduced due to slow growth, excessive fishing, hydraulic engineering construction, biological invasion, environmental pollution and the like of the rasa schizothorax fishes. Therefore, the artificial propagation work of the rassa schizothorax has been urgently carried out for protecting, developing and utilizing the germ plasm resources of the rassa schizothorax.
At present, the method for researching the sensitive period of fish fertilized eggs includes physical stimulation such as ultrasonic waves, magnetic fields, electricity and the like, but the influence of physical vibration on the fertilized eggs is rarely researched. In production, the fertilized eggs of schizothorax bigelovii are easy to die in a large amount due to physical vibration in the early stage, so that the hatching modes are all hatching in still water or microflow water in a hatching frame, and the hatching modes have the problems of large occupied area, easy oxygen deficiency death, water mold breeding, huge workload when picking dead eggs and the like. The problems also exist in the artificial propagation process of the lasasa schizothorax.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method for increasing the survival rate of fertilized eggs of schizothorax laggera, which aims to overcome the defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a method for improving the survival rate of fertilized eggs of Lasa schizothorax fish comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting female Lasa schizothorax prenanti with the weight of 750-900g and the body length of 42-55cm from the female parent fish of more than 11 years old, selecting male Lasa schizothorax prenanti with the weight of 550-900g and the body length of 30-55cm from the male parent fish, and separately culturing the female parent fish and the male parent fish;
(2) in the cultivation process, the female parent fish and the male parent fish are fed with the conditioning feed for 15-30 days every day;
(3) polyculturing female parent fish and male parent fish, respectively injecting oxytocin, respectively extruding out egg grains and sperms, and performing insemination on the fish eggs by adopting dry insemination;
(4) the fish eggs are incubated in the early stage by adopting still water or microflow water, and then incubated in the later stage by adopting flowing water, so that the fish eggs are obtained.
Further, in the step (3), the female parent fish is injected with oxytocin twice, wherein the injection is 20% of the total dose of the first injection and 80% of the total dose of the second injection, the male parent fish is uniformly injected when the female parent fish is injected for the second time, and the dose is reduced by half;
the oxytocin in the step (3) is combination of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone, chorionic gonadotropin and diosdone, the amount of the oxytocin injected into female parent fish for the first time is 2ug/kg of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone, 300IU/kg of chorionic gonadotropin and 2mg/kg of diosdone, and the amount of the oxytocin injected for the second time is 8ug/kg of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone, 1200IU/kg of chorionic gonadotropin and 8mg/kg of diosdone.
Further, the time of pre-incubation in the step (4) is 1-4 days; the early hatching time in the step (4) is before the muscle node emergence period; the water flow speed of the micro-flow water is 0.01-0.1 m/s.
Further, the incubation time in the middle and later stages in the step (4) is 3-12 days; the early hatching time in the step (4) is between the muscle node emergence period and the membrane emergence period; the water flow speed of the flowing water is 0.1-0.2 m/s.
Further, the water temperature in the early hatching step in the step (4) is 12-14 ℃, and the dissolved oxygen is more than or equal to 6.0 mg/L; the water temperature in the middle and later incubation steps in the step (4) is 12-14 ℃, and the dissolved oxygen is more than or equal to 6.0 mg/L.
A conditioning feed comprises the following components in percentage by mass (1-5): 100 to a fish feed.
Further, the conditioning composition is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.1-0.5 part of gentiopicrin, 1-5 parts of a mango lignocellulose extract, 1-5 parts of a mango flavone extract, 1-5 parts of mussel polysaccharide and 10-20 parts of oat fiber powder.
Further, the conditioning composition is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.1-0.3 part of gentiopicrin, 3-5 parts of a mango lignocellulose extract, 1-5 parts of a mango flavone extract, 3-5 parts of mussel polysaccharide and 15-20 parts of oat fiber powder.
Further, the mango grass lignocellulose extract is prepared by a method comprising the following steps: drying the miscanthus straws, then crushing to obtain miscanthus powder, adding an alkaline solution into the miscanthus powder for treatment, simultaneously carrying out gamma-ray irradiation, adding cellulase into the irradiated miscanthus powder, and filtering after enzymolysis is finished to obtain the miscanthus lignocellulose extract; the alkaline solution contains 1.2 percent of sodium hydroxide and 2 percent of hydrogen peroxide.
Further, the miscanthus sinensis flavone extract is prepared by the method comprising the following steps: drying the miscanthus straws, then crushing to obtain miscanthus powder, adding 60-70% ethanol into the miscanthus powder, performing ultrasonic treatment at 60-70 ℃, and filtering to obtain the miscanthus flavone extract; the feed-liquid ratio of the miscanthus powder to the ethanol is 1: 20-30.
The mussel polysaccharide is prepared by the method comprising the following steps: adding buffer solution into the shell homogenate to adjust the pH value to 4-6, then adding trypsin, carrying out enzymolysis for 1-2 hours at 40-50 ℃, and then carrying out degreasing, deproteinization, centrifugation, ethanol addition and freeze drying to obtain the mussel polysaccharide. The liquid-material ratio of the buffer solution to the shell homogenate is 8-10.
A preparation method of a conditioning feed comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing gentiopicrin, a miscanthus lignocelluloses extract, a miscanthus flavone extract, mussel polysaccharide and oat fiber powder to obtain a conditioning composition, and uniformly mixing the conditioning composition with fish feed to obtain the feed.
Gentiopicroside belongs to iridoid glycosides, and has effects of promoting bile flow, resisting inflammation, invigorating stomach, and lowering blood pressure.
The flavone has multiple functions, is a strong antioxidant, can effectively remove oxygen free radicals in vivo, and can prevent cell degeneration and aging.
The obtained extract can affect absorption and discharge of cholesterol, and can reduce total cholesterol in blood plasma.
The oat fiber powder takes oat dietary fiber as a raw material, so that the proportion of soluble dietary fiber, especially soluble beta-glucan, is greatly improved. The beta-glucan is a glucose polymer with various biological activities connected by beta-1, 3 glucan, and the efficacy is shown as follows: moisturizing, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, accelerating repair, increasing skin elasticity, assisting antibiosis, enhancing organism immunity and the like.
The conditioning composition is added to the parent fish for propagation, wherein the quality of sperms and ova is improved by combining the components, the thickness and the elasticity of the oosperm membrane of the fertilized ova are improved, the aging of the oosperm membrane is slowed down, the fertilized ova can bear higher pressure and are difficult to break, the survival rate of the fertilized ova is further improved, and the generation of water mold is reduced.
The mortality rate of fertilized eggs of the rassa schizothorax fish in different development stages under continuous vibration is shown in table 1. The development period of the death of fertilized eggs of the schizothorax laggera is mainly concentrated before the emergence period of the sarcomere, and the death rate is extremely low after the emergence period of the sarcomere; the time of death is mainly concentrated from insemination to 96h, and the death rate is extremely low after 96 h. Microscopic observation shows that the death cause of the fertilized eggs is the rupture of yolk sac. The control group had no shock effect and had very low mortality. Except for the period of membrane emergence, the rest of the development periods are synchronous in the concussion group and the control group. The total membrane emergence time of the shaking group is 24 hours later than that of the control group.
TABLE 1 fertilized egg mortality of Lasa schizothorax fish in different development stages under continuous vibration
Note: 1) the same column of shoulder marks of the same lower case letters or no letters in the table indicate that the difference is not obvious (P >0.05), and different lower case letters indicate that the difference is obvious (P < 0.05); 2) "-" indicates no dead eggs or too long dead eggs, the cause of death was not seen under the dissecting mirror.
The sensitivity period of the embryo development period of the Lassa schizothorax biddy to the vibration is mainly concentrated before the emergence period of the sarcomere. Blastoderm bulge, midgut phase and neuro-embryonic phase are the most sensitive, cytoplasm flows towards the animal pole in a centralized way to form the blastoderm when the blastoderm bulges, blastocyst cells extend and roll inwards when the midgut phase and the neuro-embryonic phase are carried out, and at the moment, the cells are greatly proliferated and differentiated, enzyme metabolism is active, vacuolization occurs inside yolk granules, and the yolk granules become small. Therefore, the fertilized eggs are easy to rupture and die due to vibration. The mulberry embryonic stage, the primitive intestinal early stage and the embryo pore closing stage are sensitive, at the moment, the blastocyst layer cells are in the stages of accelerated division and differentiation, and the cell volume is small, so the mulberry embryonic stage, the primitive intestinal early stage and the embryo pore closing stage are sensitive to vibration. The third sensitive period is the cleavage period, namely 2-cell period-multicellular period, the cell division speed is slower than the gastral period, and the cell differentiation degree is low, so shock stimulation is applied to the embryo in the above period, the egg yolk cell damage is easily caused, the least sensitive period is after the sarcomere appears to the membrane, the basic structure of the embryo is completely developed in the period, and the embryo can automatically move after the muscle effect period, so the influence of vibration in the period is minimum.
If the whole embryo development period adopts the traditional incubation in still water or micro-flow water, the problems of large occupied area, serious water mold breeding, huge workload for picking dead eggs and the like existing in the incubation mode are obviously amplified. The sensitive period of the fertilized eggs of the Lassa schizothorax is the first 96h of hatching, which only accounts for about 1/3 of the total hatching time, and the hatching rate and the aberration rate in a circular hatching barrel are not significantly different from those in a hatching plate (p < 0.05). Therefore, fertilized eggs of the schizothorax laggera which appears in the eye primordium are transferred into a running water hatching barrel, the water flow speed in the hatching barrel is controlled to be below 0.2m/s, and the hatching is continued until the eggs emerge, so that the saprolegniasis incidence rate is reduced, the occupation of a hatching site is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved.
The fish membrane outlet process is that the impact force generated by the swinging of the fish body continuously impacts the egg membrane to break the egg membrane. The fertilized eggs in the hatching tray are likely to be stressed due to gravity, so that one end of the egg membrane is extruded to slightly deform the egg membrane, and the non-extruded end of the egg membrane is stressed and is easy to break. Meanwhile, the egg membrane is in an extrusion state, so that the friction force between the fertilized eggs and the hatching tray is possibly increased, the impact force generated by the swinging of the fish body is more obvious on the egg membrane, and the egg membrane is easier to break. The fertilized eggs are in a suspension state in the circular hatching barrel, the stress on the periphery of the egg membrane is balanced, extrusion deformation does not exist, continuous friction with the barrel wall does not exist, and the stress on the egg membrane is relatively small, so that the egg membrane is more difficult to break.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the method for improving the survival rate of the fertilized eggs of the Lasa schizothorax fish firstly screens the age, the weight and the body length of the propagated parent fish, preliminarily improves the self quality of the propagated parent fish, and then feeds the fertilized eggs by feeding conditioning feed to condition the parent fish, so that the egg membrane quality of the fertilized eggs is improved, and the survival rate of the fertilized eggs of the Lasa schizothorax fish is improved.
Detailed Description
Unless defined otherwise, technical terms used in the following examples have the same meanings as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. The test reagents used in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional biochemical reagents; the experimental methods are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
The gentiopicroside, the oat fiber powder and the fish feed are all commercially available products.
The mango grass lignocellulose extract is prepared by the method comprising the following steps: drying the miscanthus straws, then crushing to obtain miscanthus powder, adding an alkaline solution into the miscanthus powder for treatment, simultaneously carrying out gamma-ray irradiation, adding cellulase into the irradiated miscanthus powder, and filtering after enzymolysis is finished to obtain the miscanthus lignocellulose extract; the alkaline solution contains 1.2 percent of sodium hydroxide and 2 percent of hydrogen peroxide.
The method for preparing the miscanthus sinensis flavone extract comprises the following steps: drying the miscanthus straws, then crushing to obtain miscanthus powder, adding ethanol with the concentration of 70% into the miscanthus powder, performing ultrasonic treatment at 65 ℃, and filtering to obtain the miscanthus flavone extract; the feed-liquid ratio of the miscanthus powder to the ethanol is 1: 25.
The mussel polysaccharide is prepared by the method comprising the following steps: adding buffer solution into the shell homogenate to adjust the pH value to 5, then adding trypsin, carrying out enzymolysis for 2 hours at 45 ℃, then degreasing, deproteinizing, centrifuging, adding ethanol, and freeze-drying to obtain the mussel polysaccharide. The liquid-material ratio of the buffer solution to the shell homogenate is 10.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
Example 1
A method for improving the survival rate of fertilized eggs of Lasa schizothorax fish comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting 30 female Lasa schizothorax prenanti with the age of more than 11, the weight of 750-900g and the body length of 42-55cm from the female parent fish, selecting 30 male Lasa schizothorax prenanti with the weight of 550-900g and the body length of 30-55cm from the male parent fish, and separately culturing the female parent fish and the male parent fish;
(2) in the process of cultivation, conventionally feeding a conditioning feed to female parent fish and male parent fish for 30 days every day, and measuring the weight of the parent fish;
(3) polyculturing female parent fish and male parent fish, respectively injecting oxytocin, respectively extruding out egg grains and sperms, and performing insemination on the fish eggs by adopting dry insemination;
(4) the roe is incubated for 4 days in the early stage by adopting still water, and then incubated for 8 days in the later stage by adopting flowing water of 0.2m/s, thus obtaining the roe egg.
In the step (1), the abdomen of the female parent fish is enlarged and soft, the cloaca is red and swollen and protruded, the number of the pearls of the male parent fish is more, and the raised height area is higher.
In the step (3), the oxytocin is injected into the female parent fish in two times, wherein the total dose of the first injection is 20 percent, the total dose of the second injection is 80 percent, the male parent fish is uniformly injected into the female parent fish during the second injection, and the dose is reduced by half. The injection dose is 1mL/kg fish body weight, the injection position is the base part of the pectoral fin, and anesthesia treatment is carried out before injection. The oxytocin is combination of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone, chorionic gonadotropin and diutanone, the first injection of oxytocin by female parent fish is 2ug/kg luteinizing hormone releasing hormone, 300IU/kg chorionic gonadotropin and 2mg/kg diutanone, and the second injection of oxytocin is 8ug/kg luteinizing hormone releasing hormone, 1200IU/kg chorionic gonadotropin and 8mg/kg diutanone.
A conditioning feed comprises 3: 100 to a fish feed. The conditioning composition is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.1 part of gentiopicrin, 1 part of a mango lignocellulose extract, 1 part of a mango flavone extract, 2 parts of mussel polysaccharide and 15 parts of oat fiber powder.
The weight of the selected parent fish is measured, and alternatively 30 female fish and 30 male fish are conventionally fed as a control, and artificial induced spawning is not performed, and the results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 spawning amount, fertilization rate and hatching rate of female fish breeding parent fish and control group
The egg laying amount of the female fish which naturally matures and lays eggs of the rasa schizothorax fish is compared with that of the artificial spawning parent on the data of the egg laying amount per unit weight and the egg laying amount per unit body length, although the egg laying amount is lower than that of the artificial spawning parent. But the fertilization rate and the hatching rate are higher than those of the latter. The reason is that the spawning amount per unit weight and body length is relatively low because naturally mature female fish may already produce partial roes; secondly, because the female fish discharges part of the roes with better maturity firstly under the natural condition, the rest roes with poorer maturity continue to develop and then discharge after the subsequent maturation, and under the condition of artificial induced spawning, the female fish can discharge most of the roes including the immature roes at one time under the action of the induced spawning medicine, so that the fertility rate and the hatchability of the roes produced by the natural maturation of the female fish are higher than those of the roes produced by the artificial induced spawning.
The roe of the naturally mature parent is golden yellow or brown yellow, the egg diameter is larger than that of the roe of the artificial induced spawning parent, and the roe of the artificial induced spawning parent is light yellow or alternate yellow and white, which shows that the ovary development maturity of the naturally mature parent is higher than that of the artificial induced spawning parent. In the artificial propagation of the Lasa schizothorax prenatal, the artificial spawning time needs to be properly adjusted under the condition that the gonad maturity of parent fish is accurately mastered. The situation that the spawning induction effect is poor due to the fact that the fertility rate and the hatching rate are low too early, or the gonad degeneration or the ovary emptying is caused too late in the spawning induction time is avoided.
TABLE 3 fertilized eggs of Lasa schizothorax fish, survival rate, output rate and abnormal rate
As can be seen from table 3, the fish egg survival rate of the fertilized eggs of the rasa schizothorax fish of example 1, the membrane emergence rate of the membrane-emerged fish fries after the emergence period of the muscle segment is obviously improved compared with the control, and the aberration rate is obviously reduced, which indicates that the self-quality of the propagated parent fish is improved, the egg membrane quality of the fertilized eggs is improved by conditioning the parent fish with the conditioning composition, and the survival rate of the fertilized eggs of the rasa schizothorax fish is obviously improved.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A method for improving the survival rate of fertilized eggs of Lasa schizothorax fish is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting female Lasa schizothorax prenanti with the weight of 750-900g and the body length of 42-55cm from the female parent fish of more than 11 years old, selecting male Lasa schizothorax prenanti with the weight of 550-900g and the body length of 30-55cm from the male parent fish, and separately culturing the female parent fish and the male parent fish;
(2) in the cultivation process, the female parent fish and the male parent fish are fed with the conditioning feed for 15-30 days every day;
(3) polyculturing female parent fish and male parent fish, respectively injecting oxytocin, respectively extruding out egg grains and sperms, and performing insemination on the fish eggs by adopting dry insemination;
(4) the fish eggs are incubated in the early stage by adopting still water or microflow water, and then incubated in the later stage by adopting flowing water, so that the fish eggs are obtained.
2. The method for increasing the survival rate of fertilized eggs of schizothorax lucidi as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step (3), the female parent fish is injected with oxytocin twice, wherein the total dose of the first injection is 20 percent, the total dose of the second injection is 80 percent, the male parent fish is uniformly injected when the female parent fish is injected for the second time, and the dose is reduced by half;
the oxytocin in the step (3) is combination of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone, chorionic gonadotropin and diosdone, the amount of the oxytocin injected into female parent fish for the first time is 2ug/kg of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone, 300IU/kg of chorionic gonadotropin and 2mg/kg of diosdone, and the amount of the oxytocin injected for the second time is 8ug/kg of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone, 1200IU/kg of chorionic gonadotropin and 8mg/kg of diosdone.
3. The method for increasing the survival rate of fertilized eggs of schizothorax lucidi as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the early incubation time in the step (4) is 1-4 days; the early hatching time in the step (4) is before the muscle node emergence period; the water flow speed of the micro-flow water is 0.01-0.1 m/s.
4. The method for increasing the survival rate of fertilized eggs of schizothorax lucidi as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the incubation time of the middle and later stages in the step (4) is 3-12 days; the early hatching time in the step (4) is between the muscle node emergence period and the membrane emergence period; the water flow speed of the flowing water is 0.1-0.2 m/s.
5. The method for increasing the survival rate of fertilized eggs of schizothorax lucidi as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the water temperature in the early hatching step in the step (4) is 12-14 ℃, and the dissolved oxygen is more than or equal to 6.0 mg/L; the water temperature in the middle and later incubation steps in the step (4) is 12-14 ℃, and the dissolved oxygen is more than or equal to 6.0 mg/L.
6. A conditioning feed, characterized in that: the conditioning feed comprises the following components in percentage by mass (1-5): 100 to a fish feed.
7. The conditioned feed of claim 6, wherein: the conditioning composition is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.1-0.5 part of gentiopicrin, 1-5 parts of a mango lignocellulose extract, 1-5 parts of a mango flavone extract, 1-5 parts of mussel polysaccharide and 10-20 parts of oat fiber powder.
8. The conditioned feed of claim 7, wherein: the conditioning composition is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.1-0.3 part of gentiopicrin, 3-5 parts of a mango lignocellulose extract, 1-5 parts of a mango flavone extract, 3-5 parts of mussel polysaccharide and 15-20 parts of oat fiber powder.
9. The conditioned feed of claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: the mango grass lignocellulose extract is prepared by the method comprising the following steps: drying the miscanthus straws, then crushing to obtain miscanthus powder, adding an alkaline solution into the miscanthus powder for treatment, simultaneously carrying out gamma-ray irradiation, adding cellulase into the irradiated miscanthus powder, and filtering after enzymolysis is finished to obtain the miscanthus lignocellulose extract; the alkaline solution contains 1.2 percent of sodium hydroxide and 2 percent of hydrogen peroxide.
10. The conditioned feed of claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: the method for preparing the miscanthus sinensis flavone extract comprises the following steps: drying the miscanthus straws, then crushing to obtain miscanthus powder, adding 60-70% ethanol into the miscanthus powder, performing ultrasonic treatment at 60-70 ℃, and filtering to obtain the miscanthus flavone extract; the feed-liquid ratio of the miscanthus powder to the ethanol is 1: 20-30.
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| CN112931312A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-06-11 | 海南晨海水产有限公司 | Artificial breeding method of seriolala quinqueradiata |
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