CN111908982A

CN111908982A - Method for extracting seaweed by electromagnetic radiation

Info

Publication number: CN111908982A
Application number: CN202010794063.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 岳秋林; 李昆仑; 赵林; 李宝君; 周林
Original assignee: Jinan Hangchen Biotechnology Co ltd
Current assignee: Jinan Hangchen Biotechnology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-08-10
Filing date: 2020-08-10
Publication date: 2020-11-10

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of seaweed active ingredients, and provides a method for preparing a seaweed fertilizer by extracting seaweed active ingredients from kelp serving as a raw material through electromagnetic radiation. The method mainly comprises three stages: (1) pretreatment of raw materials: cleaning and drying the kelp, and crushing the kelp to 1000-2000 meshes; (2) radiation extraction: adding the kelp powder and the radiation assistant into a reaction kettle, and reacting for 5-10min under the condition of electromagnetic radiation power of 100-; (3) preparing a compound seaweed fertilizer: compounding the seaweed extract prepared by radiation with humic acid, urea, ammonium bicarbonate, potassium sulfate and potassium chloride to form the compound seaweed fertilizer product. The method has the advantages of simple and green process, low energy consumption, short time and low cost, fully dissolves out the seaweed content, and greatly reserves the natural active ingredients of the seaweed. The compound seaweed fertilizer produced by the invention has comprehensive nutrients, has obvious effects of promoting plant growth, resisting diseases, improving stress resistance and the like, can be used in the fields of water soluble fertilizers or other fertilizers, and can greatly promote the development of modern agriculture in China.

Description

Method for extracting seaweed by electromagnetic radiation

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of active ingredients of seaweed, and particularly relates to a method for extracting seaweed by electromagnetic radiation, which is used for preparing an agricultural composite seaweed fertilizer.

Background

The use of seaweeds in agriculture has a long history, because seaweeds are rich in various inorganic and organic substances useful for the growth of crops. The seaweed used as fertilizer is large economic algae such as herba Zosterae Marinae, Macrocystis, Ascophyllum nodosum, sea algae, thallus laminariae, etc. Seaweed and its extracts contain many inorganic nutrients (especially potassium content is generally high) necessary for plant growth, and also contain rich plant growth substances such as amines, cytochrome C, indoles and the like, other physiologically active substances beneficial to plant growth, seaweed medicines and the like, so that the seaweed and its extracts are increasingly used in plant production as fertilizers, pesticides, plant growth regulators and the like.

The seaweed fertilizer is prepared by using large fast-growing brown algae growing in the sea as raw materials, extracting effective components in the seaweed through a chemical, physical or biological method, and applying the fertilizer to plants for nutrition, and can promote the growth of the plants, improve the yield and improve the quality of agricultural products. The seaweed fertilizer is a natural organic fertilizer, and the fertilizer efficiency of the seaweed fertilizer depends on main active substances such as cytokinin, auxin, gibberellin, abscisic acid, ethylene, betaine, polyamine and the like contained in the seaweed fertilizer. The seaweed contains a large amount of non-nitrogenous organic matters, a certain amount of amino acids, proteins and trace nutrient elements, and also contains seaweed polysaccharide, alginic acid, highly unsaturated fatty acid which are peculiar to marine organisms, and mineral elements such as zinc, bromine, iodine and the like which are rare in terrestrial plants.

The production method of seaweed fertilizer at home and abroad can be generally divided into a chemical hydrolysis method, a physical extraction method, a biological fermentation method and the like. At present, most of manufacturers at home and abroad mainly adopt a chemical hydrolysis method to produce the seaweed fertilizer, and the greatest disadvantage of the chemical extraction method is that the activity of endogenous substances of the seaweed is damaged by strong alkali at high temperature. The physical extraction method adopts a high-pressure low-temperature cooling process to achieve the aim of seaweed cell wall breaking, but at present, enterprises mastering physical purification technology are also compliant with the index number. The principle of the biological fermentation method is to degrade macromolecular substances forming seaweed into micromolecular and water-soluble substances by utilizing various enzymes generated by microorganisms in a metabolic process taking seaweed and the like as nutrients, so that bioactive substances and nutrient substances in the seaweed are completely reserved to the maximum extent. However, since the biological enzyme is expensive and the fermentation process is complicated, the application of the biological fermentation method is limited.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the existing production method, provides a seaweed extraction method with simple process and low cost for producing seaweed fertilizer, and solves the problems of complex production process, high production cost and great damage to active ingredients of the existing seaweed fertilizer.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

the method for preparing the seaweed fertilizer by extracting the active ingredients of the seaweed through electromagnetic radiation comprises the following steps:

(1) pretreatment of raw materials: cleaning herba Zosterae Marinae with tap water, oven drying at 50-80 deg.C, cutting the dried herba Zosterae Marinae into small pieces with knife, and micronizing;

(2) radiation extraction: putting the kelp powder obtained in the step (1) into a radiation reaction kettle, adding radiation aids such as sodium carbonate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate and the like, and reacting for 5-10min under the condition of electromagnetic radiation power of 100-;

(3) preparing a compound seaweed fertilizer: and (3) compounding the seaweed extract prepared in the step (2) with humic acid, urea, ammonium bicarbonate, potassium sulfate and potassium chloride, and uniformly mixing to form a composite seaweed fertilizer product.

The granularity of the crushed raw materials in the step (1) is 1000-2000 meshes.

The extraction mode of the kelp in the step (2) is radiation extraction, and the extraction temperature is 80-150 ℃; the addition amount of the radiation auxiliary agent is as follows: 5 to 20 percent of sodium carbonate, 5 to 20 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 1 to 5 percent of dipotassium phosphate, 5 to 10 percent of disodium phosphate and 5 to 10 percent of sodium dihydrogen phosphate.

5-20% of humic acid, 5-15% of urea, 5-15% of ammonium bicarbonate, 5-15% of potassium sulfate and 5-15% of potassium chloride.

The invention relates to a method for preparing a seaweed fertilizer by extracting seaweed active ingredients through electromagnetic radiation, which has the following remarkable advantages compared with the prior other methods:

1. the invention carries out superfine grinding treatment on the selected seaweed raw material in raw material pretreatment, so that the granularity of the raw material reaches 1000-2000 meshes, and the subsequent extraction efficiency can be obviously improved.

The invention adopts the electromagnetic radiation method to extract the active ingredients of the seaweed, the reaction time is 5-10min, the process is simple and rapid, the energy consumption is low, and the active substances of the seaweed are retained to the maximum extent; the decomposition temperature of the seaweed is easy to control, and the yield of the finally produced seaweed extract is high.

The extraction process of the invention is carried out under the solid phase condition, thus greatly simplifying the post-treatment process and leading the extraction of the seaweed to be simpler and quicker.

In conclusion, the method is simple, quick and green, can fully dissolve out the seaweed content, greatly reserves the natural active ingredients of the seaweed, can be used in the field of seaweed water-soluble fertilizers or other fertilizers, and can greatly promote the development of modern agriculture in China.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further illustrated by the following examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

Example 1

(1) Pretreatment of raw materials: cleaning herba Zosterae Marinae with tap water, oven drying at 50 deg.C, cutting the dried herba Zosterae Marinae into small pieces, and micronizing to 1000 mesh;

(2) radiation extraction: putting the ultrafine kelp powder obtained in the step (1) into a radiation reaction kettle, adding 8% of sodium carbonate, 5% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5% of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 3% of disodium hydrogen phosphate and 5% of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, and reacting for 7min under the condition that the electromagnetic radiation power is 100W;

(3) preparing a compound seaweed fertilizer: and (3) compounding the seaweed extract prepared in the step (2) with 15% of humic acid, 6% of urea, 5% of ammonium bicarbonate, 5% of potassium sulfate and 5% of potassium chloride, and uniformly mixing to form a composite seaweed fertilizer product.

Example 2

(1) Pretreatment of raw materials: cleaning herba Zosterae Marinae with tap water, oven drying at 50 deg.C, cutting the dried herba Zosterae Marinae into small pieces with knife, and micronizing to 2000 mesh;

(2) radiation extraction: putting the ultrafine kelp powder obtained in the step (1) into a radiation reaction kettle, adding 10% of sodium carbonate, 6% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 5% of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 5% of disodium hydrogen phosphate and 7% of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, and reacting for 5min under the condition that the electromagnetic radiation power is 150W;

(3) preparing a compound seaweed fertilizer: and (3) compounding the seaweed extract prepared in the step (2) with humic acid (12%), urea (8%), ammonium bicarbonate (9%), potassium sulfate (6%) and potassium chloride (5%), and uniformly mixing to form a composite seaweed fertilizer product.

The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent modifications made by the present invention in the specification and other related fields can be directly or indirectly applied to the present invention, and are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The method for preparing the seaweed fertilizer by extracting the active ingredients of the seaweed through electromagnetic radiation comprises the following steps:

(1) pretreatment of raw materials: cleaning herba Zosterae Marinae with tap water, oven drying at 50 deg.C, cutting the dried herba Zosterae Marinae into small pieces with knife, and micronizing;

(3) preparing a compound seaweed fertilizer: and (3) compounding the seaweed extract prepared in the step (2) with humic acid, urea, ammonium bicarbonate, potassium sulfate and potassium chloride to form a compound seaweed fertilizer product.

2. The method for preparing seaweed fertilizer by extracting seaweed active ingredients through electromagnetic radiation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the particle size of the crushed raw materials in the step (1) is 1000-2000 mesh.

3. The method for preparing seaweed fertilizer by extracting seaweed active ingredients through electromagnetic radiation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the extraction manner of the kelp in the step (2) is radiation extraction, and the extraction temperature is 80-150 ℃; the addition amount of the radiation auxiliary agent is as follows: 5 to 20 percent of sodium carbonate, 5 to 20 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 1 to 5 percent of dipotassium phosphate, 5 to 10 percent of disodium phosphate and 5 to 10 percent of sodium dihydrogen phosphate.

4. The method for preparing seaweed fertilizer by extracting seaweed active ingredients through electromagnetic radiation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the amount of humic acid added in the step (3) is 5-20%, urea 5-15%, ammonium bicarbonate 5-15%, potassium sulfate 5-15%, and potassium chloride 5-15%.