CN111908980A - Acid soil conditioner - Google Patents
Acid soil conditioner Download PDFInfo
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- CN111908980A CN111908980A CN201910392910.1A CN201910392910A CN111908980A CN 111908980 A CN111908980 A CN 111908980A CN 201910392910 A CN201910392910 A CN 201910392910A CN 111908980 A CN111908980 A CN 111908980A
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- soil
- biochar
- molasses
- soil conditioner
- enzyme
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C11/00—Other nitrogenous fertilisers
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural planting, and particularly relates to an acid soil conditioner which comprises biochar, enzyme, molasses and protein raw materials; 85-92% of biochar, 1-2% of enzyme, 0.2-0.5% of molasses and 6-9% of protein raw material by weight. The preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing biochar, rice bran or wheat bran, spraying enzyme and molasses by a spraying method, stirring while spraying until uniformly mixing, and fermenting again; the fermentation process comprises the following steps: fermenting at 60-70 deg.C and humidity of 60-65% for 15-25 days. The invention can increase the organic matter content of soil; promoting the growth of soil microorganisms and enriching the total amount of the microorganisms; the pH value of the acid soil can be effectively improved, and the pH value of the soil can be adjusted; improving the activity of protease and urease in the soil, thereby enhancing the activity of the soil and improving the soil fertility.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural planting, and particularly relates to an acid soil conditioner.
Background
The acid soil comprises a raw material of brick red soil protein, red soil, yellow soil, ashed soil, dry red soil and the like. The weathering and leaching effects of the acid soil are strong, the iron-aluminum oxide is obviously enriched, the biological substance is circulated very quickly, the saturation of the soil base is low, the pH is generally in the range of 4.5-6.0, the acidity of the soil is high, and the fertility level is low. Soil layered aluminosilicate minerals, aluminum-containing oxides and hydroxides contain a large amount of aluminum, and soil acidification accelerates the weathering of aluminum-containing minerals in soil and releases a large amount of aluminum ions. The concentration of soluble aluminum in soil is increased, and the toxicity of aluminum to plants is increased, so that the yield of crops is reduced and the forest is degraded. In order to improve the utilization rate of land, it is necessary to improve acid soil.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an acid soil conditioner capable of improving productivity of acid soil.
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
an acidic soil conditioner comprises biochar, enzyme, molasses and protein raw materials.
Further, the protein material is any one of rice bran and wheat bran or the combination thereof.
Further, the biological carbon fertilizer comprises, by weight, 85-92% of biological carbon, 1-2% of ferment, 0.2-0.5% of molasses and 6-9% of protein raw materials.
Further, the biological charcoal comprises 90% by weight, 1.7% by weight of ferment, 0.3% by weight of molasses and 8% by weight of protein raw material.
Further, the preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing biochar and protein raw materials, spraying enzyme and molasses by a spraying method, stirring while spraying until uniformly mixing, and fermenting again; the fermentation process comprises the following steps: fermenting at 60-70 deg.C and humidity of 60-65% for 15-25 days.
Has the advantages that:
the biochar is a porous substance formed by high-temperature (400-700 ℃) anoxic thermal cracking of biomass such as wood, crop wastes, livestock and poultry manure and the like. The biochar has large specific surface area and porosity, contains various functional groups such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, benzene rings and the like, is a high-molecular substance with strong adsorption capacity, large ion exchange capacity (CEC) and a biological catalysis function, can adsorb harmful substances such as heavy metal and the like in soil, improves the pH value of the soil, and reduces the volume weight of the soil and the number of fungi in the soil.
The ferment is a mixed fermentation broth which is prepared by taking fresh vegetables, fruits, brown rice, medicinal and edible traditional Chinese medicines and other plants as raw materials, juicing or extracting a series of processes, and then adding yeast, lactobacillus and other fermentation strains for fermentation, and contains abundant nutrient components such as saccharides, organic acids, minerals, vitamins, phenols, terpenes and other biological active substances such as important enzymes.
The acid soil conditioner disclosed by the invention is mainly prepared from biochar and enzyme, and the biochar and the enzyme act together, so that the dominant beneficial flora is formed in soil, harmful substances such as soil pesticide residues, hormones and toxins are decomposed, the defect that the available carbon source of biochar microorganisms is insufficient is overcome, the organic matter of the soil can be increased, the growth of soil microorganisms is promoted, and the soil activity is enhanced.
Molasses mainly contains a large amount of fermentable sugar (mainly sucrose), so that the molasses is a good fermentation raw material and can be used as a substrate or a base material of fermentation products such as yeast, monosodium glutamate, organic acid and the like.
The protein material is rich in cellulose and vitamins, and has high nutritive value.
The fermentation process comprises the following steps: fermenting at 60-70 deg.C and humidity of 60-65% for 15-25 days. Fermentation is a chemical reaction carried out by organisms, the used raw materials are usually starch, molasses or other agricultural and sideline products, the reaction can be carried out by only adding a small amount of organic and inorganic nitrogen sources, and the required nutrients can be selectively utilized by microorganisms in the fermentation according to different categories.
The enzyme can improve the enzyme activity, promote the metabolism and formation of microorganisms and increase the number of microorganisms; the biochar can inhibit the growth of fungi, reduce the number of the fungi, and directionally select flora in soil to promote the growth of beneficial flora; the combination of the two can play a certain role in inhibiting harmful flora, enrich beneficial flora and improve the activity and fertility of soil, thereby promoting the growth of crops, improving the yield and reducing the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests.
In conclusion, the scheme combination provided by the invention can well adjust the acid soil and increase the organic matter content of the soil; promoting the growth of soil microorganisms and enriching the total amount of the microorganisms; the pH value of the acid soil can be effectively improved, and the pH value of the soil can be adjusted; the activity of protease and urease in the soil is improved, so that the activity of the soil is enhanced, the soil fertility is improved, and the productivity of the acid soil is improved. The synthesis can reduce the pH value of the soil, avoid the release of a large amount of aluminum ions, is suitable for the growth of most plants, and improves the utilization rate of the soil.
Detailed Description
Example 1
An acid soil conditioner comprises, by weight, 85-92% of biochar, 1-2% of enzyme, 0.2-0.5% of molasses and 6-9% of rice bran and wheat bran. Uniformly mixing biochar and protein raw materials, spraying enzyme and molasses by a spraying method, stirring while spraying until uniformly mixing, and fermenting again; the fermentation process comprises the following steps: fermenting at 60-70 deg.C and humidity of 60-65% for 15-25 days.
Example 2
1. Design of experiments
(1) Test site: the test is implemented in a farm greenhouse of a good Amphibian;
(2) test subjects: tomato, cabbage, potato, and corn
(3) Test scale: big-arch shelter 1600m2Every 200m21 cell, 8 cells in total, 2 treatments are respectively arranged on each crop, and the treatments are respectively as follows:
conventional planting treatment: press 200m2600 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer and 6 kg of seedling-lifting compound fertilizer are applied according to the dosage of 1 crop planted.
Treating the acid soil conditioner: press 200m2The enzyme carbon fertilizer treatment needs 600 kg of enzyme carbon fertilizer based on the dosage of 1 crop planted. 6 kilograms of compound fertilizer is applied to the seedlings.
2. The sampling method comprises the following steps: sampling is carried out in the mature period of tomatoes, cabbages, potatoes and corns, soil samples (rhizosphere soil) and plant samples are respectively collected, 1 mixed sample is collected in each treatment, sampling is carried out by a five-point sampling method, and the later sample analysis treatment is repeated for 3 times.
3. Indexes and methods for measurement:
(1) the pH value of the soil can be accurately known by using a pH meter for measuring the pH value of the soil;
(2) the determination of soil organic matter, which is determined by using a potassium dichromate method, can clearly know the fertility of soil;
(3) the content of the soil microorganisms can be determined by culturing and counting through a traditional plate culture method, the content of the soil microorganisms can be known, the soil microorganisms can promote the decomposition of organic matters and the conversion of nutrients in the soil, and the richer the microorganisms are, the stronger the self-regulation capability and activity of the soil are.
(4) And (3) determination of soil nutrients: total nitrogen, alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen: determining total nitrogen by a Dumas azotometer firing method; determining alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen by an alkaline hydrolysis diffusion method; available phosphorus, available potassium: the concrete method refers to the third edition of Bayshaden 'soil agro-chemical analysis'. Can accurately master the basic nutrient condition of the soil.
(5) And (3) soil enzyme activity determination: the soil urease and protease are determined by conventional method of measuring soil enzyme in "soil enzyme and method research" of Guansong shade (1986). The activity of soil enzyme directly influences the activity of soil microorganisms, and can reflect the activity of soil to a certain extent.
4. Experimental data statistics and analysis
From the data in table 1, it can be seen that the conventional planting treatment and the treatment with the acid soil conditioner have significant effects on the pH, organic matter content, microorganism content, total nitrogen, alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, urease and protease of the soil. From the pH of the soil: the pH value of the acid soil conditioner treatment is greater than that of the conventional planting treatment is greater than that of the original soil sample, so that the acid soil conditioner can effectively adjust the pH value of the acid soil by applying the acid soil conditioner, namely the acidity of the acid soil is weakened, and the growth of plants is facilitated.
The application of the soil conditioner can effectively improve the content of organic matters in the soil, the difference between the content of the organic matters in the soil planted conventionally and the original soil sample is smaller, but the content of the organic matters in the soil planted conventionally is improved by 23.97-102% compared with the original soil and is improved by 19.43-31.9% compared with the conventional planting.
The quantity of soil bacteria applied to the soil conditioner is increased by 29.7-42.1% compared with the original soil and is increased by 14.16-35.45% compared with the conventional planting; the number of soil actinomycetes applied with the soil conditioner is increased by 25.3-46.5% compared with the original soil and is increased by 14.2-22.3% compared with the conventional planting; the quantity of soil fungi applied by the soil conditioner is reduced by 24-40% compared with the original soil and reduced by 6.3-17.3% compared with the conventional planting; the application of the acid soil conditioner can obviously improve the total amount of bacteria and actinomycetes in the acid soil and effectively reduce the total amount of fungi in the soil.
The total nitrogen content of the soil applied with the soil conditioner is greater than that of conventional planting and is greater than that of an original soil sample, and therefore the total nitrogen content in the acid soil can be improved by applying the acid soil conditioner.
The contents of alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in the soil applied with the soil conditioner are lower than those of conventional planting and original soil, and the reason is that a large amount of biochar exists in the acid soil conditioner, and the biochar has a strong adsorption effect and can adsorb most of soluble nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
Urease and protease activity in soil applied with the soil conditioner > conventional planting > original soil sample, which shows that the enzyme activity of soil can be improved by applying the acid soil conditioner.
From the analysis, the acid soil conditioner can effectively regulate the pH value of soil by applying the acid soil conditioner; improving the content of organic matters in the soil; the quantity of bacteria and actinomycetes in the soil is increased, and the total quantity of fungi in the soil is effectively reduced; the activity of the soil is improved, so that the activity, the regulation capability and the fertility of the soil are improved.
Through analysis, the following results are found: the ferment can improve the activity of the soil enzyme, promote the metabolism and formation of microorganisms and increase the number of the microorganisms; the biochar can inhibit the growth of fungi, reduce the number of the fungi, and directionally select flora in soil to promote the growth of beneficial flora; the combination of the two can play a certain role in inhibiting harmful flora, enrich beneficial flora and improve the activity and fertility of soil, thereby promoting the growth of crops, improving the yield and reducing the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests; the synthesis can reduce the pH value of the soil, avoid the release of a large amount of aluminum ions, is suitable for the growth of most plants, and improves the utilization rate of the soil.
TABLE 1 comparison of the Effect of conventional planting treatment and treatment with acid soil conditioner on various properties of soil
Claims (5)
1. An acid soil conditioner is characterized by comprising biochar, ferment, molasses and protein raw materials.
2. The acid soil conditioner of claim 1, wherein said protein material is any one of rice bran, wheat bran, or a combination thereof.
3. The acid soil conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the acid soil conditioner comprises, by weight, 85-92% of biochar, 1-2% of ferment, 0.2-0.5% of molasses, and 6-9% of protein raw material.
4. The acid soil conditioner of claim 3, wherein the acid soil conditioner comprises 90% by weight of biochar, 1.7% by weight of ferment, 0.3% by weight of molasses and 8% by weight of protein material.
5. An acidic soil conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the preparation method comprises: uniformly mixing biochar and protein raw materials, spraying enzyme and molasses by a spraying method, stirring while spraying until uniformly mixing, and fermenting again; the fermentation process comprises the following steps: fermenting at 60-70 deg.C and humidity of 60-65% for 15-25 days.
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| CN201910392910.1A CN111908980A (en) | 2019-05-13 | 2019-05-13 | Acid soil conditioner |
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| CN201910392910.1A CN111908980A (en) | 2019-05-13 | 2019-05-13 | Acid soil conditioner |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113214032A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-08-06 | 四川中农润泽生物科技有限公司 | Organic fertilizer for soil remediation and production process thereof |
| CN115259917A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-11-01 | 黑龙江省达丰科技开发有限责任公司 | Ferment straw manure leavening agent and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104446698A (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2015-03-25 | 国家林业局竹子研究开发中心 | Silicon-rich biochar organic fertilizer |
| CN106316674A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2017-01-11 | 刘建伟 | Biological carbon fertilizer capable of promoting crop growth |
| CN106893592A (en) * | 2015-12-20 | 2017-06-27 | 上海天际生态农业有限公司 | A kind of modifying agent and its application process suitable for acid soil |
| CN108689776A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-10-23 | 深圳市零度智控科技有限公司 | The method of charcoal base manure, preparation method and rehabilitating soil |
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2019
- 2019-05-13 CN CN201910392910.1A patent/CN111908980A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104446698A (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2015-03-25 | 国家林业局竹子研究开发中心 | Silicon-rich biochar organic fertilizer |
| CN106893592A (en) * | 2015-12-20 | 2017-06-27 | 上海天际生态农业有限公司 | A kind of modifying agent and its application process suitable for acid soil |
| CN106316674A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2017-01-11 | 刘建伟 | Biological carbon fertilizer capable of promoting crop growth |
| CN108689776A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-10-23 | 深圳市零度智控科技有限公司 | The method of charcoal base manure, preparation method and rehabilitating soil |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113214032A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-08-06 | 四川中农润泽生物科技有限公司 | Organic fertilizer for soil remediation and production process thereof |
| CN115259917A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-11-01 | 黑龙江省达丰科技开发有限责任公司 | Ferment straw manure leavening agent and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20201110 |