CN113548916A - Special decomposition agent containing oxygenation agent and humic acid for cage-rearing chicken manure and application thereof - Google Patents

Special decomposition agent containing oxygenation agent and humic acid for cage-rearing chicken manure and application thereof Download PDF

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CN113548916A
CN113548916A CN202110709680.4A CN202110709680A CN113548916A CN 113548916 A CN113548916 A CN 113548916A CN 202110709680 A CN202110709680 A CN 202110709680A CN 113548916 A CN113548916 A CN 113548916A
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parts
chicken manure
cage
agent
streptomyces
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丁方军
于建
高国震
郭新送
巩有才
杨春玉
马荣辉
费立伟
陈士更
申洋
倪建龙
张培苹
马学文
李盼盼
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SHANDONG AGRUNIV FERT SCITECH CO Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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    • C05F3/00Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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    • C12N1/00Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract

The invention discloses a special decomposition agent containing an oxygen increasing agent and humic acid for cage-rearing chicken manure, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of bacillus subtilis raw powder, 5-15 parts of bacillus licheniformis raw powder, 10-20 parts of aspergillus niger fermentation product, 5-15 parts of trichoderma viride fermentation product, 1-5 parts of streptomyces albidovis fermentation product, 1-3 parts of streptomyces donaldensis fermentation product, 2-8 parts of enterococcus faecalis dry powder, 2-8 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae dry powder, 5-10 parts of humic acid, 35-11 parts of oxygenating agent ND-11 and 2-8 parts of calcium superphosphate. The raw materials are uniformly mixed to obtain the special decomposition agent containing the oxygenation agent and the humic acid for the cage-rearing chicken manure. The decomposition agent is rich in an oxygen increasing agent, continuously generates oxygen in the cage-rearing chicken manure, promotes quick temperature rise, and shortens the fermentation period when the temperature rises to 50 ℃ within 20 hours. So that the chicken manure with high water content can be quickly heated and quickly decomposed.

Description

Special decomposition agent containing oxygenation agent and humic acid for cage-rearing chicken manure and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of a decomposition agent, and particularly relates to a special decomposition agent containing an oxygen increasing agent and humic acid for cage-rearing chicken manure and application thereof.
Background
The chicken manure contains nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients, is rich in organic matter content, has more volatile organic matters, has larger odor, and is easy to cause water pollution, air pollution and soil pollution due to improper treatment. For example, chicken manure contains abundant nitrogen and phosphorus to cause eutrophication of water bodies, so that algae are abused and bred, organic nitrogen components contained in the chicken manure are degraded and converted into ammonia, and when the concentration of rivers reaches 0.2mg/L under the influence of the manure, fishes are poisoned and even die. Secondly, nitrogen-containing compounds can generate ammoniation, nitrification, denitrification and other actions in the long-term stacking process, so that the content of nitrate in the soil is increased, and the slow-moving phosphoric acid in the soil sinks and accumulates to cause soil hardening if the nitrogen-containing compounds are not fermented and decomposed sufficiently. In addition, the heavy metals in the soil can exceed the standard if various metal elements contained in the chicken manure are not treated in time. According to data, the method has the advantages that one chicken farm is used for large-scale breeding, 10 ten thousand chickens are bred, about 300 tons of chicken manure can be produced each month, and the yield of the chicken manure reaches 3600 tons in one year. At present, the large-scale chicken raising in China is generally cage-raised chicken, and the chicken manure yield of the cage-raised chicken is huge. Calculated according to the discharge of 38 hundred million tons of livestock and poultry manure in China at present, the proportion of the chicken manure reaches more than 20 percent, and the quantity of the chicken manure is considerable, but the treatment capacity is less than 50 percent at present.
When the chicken manure is subjected to aerobic fermentation or anaerobic fermentation in a natural environment or without adding a decomposing agent, hydrogen sulfide, mercaptan, ammonia, skatole and other volatile organic compounds are easily generated. In the presence of oxygen, carbohydrates are decomposed into carbon dioxide and water, and under the condition, the carbohydrates are mainly decomposed into substances with slight odor and sour taste, such as organic acids and various alcohols, and unpleasant pungent odor is generated. Decomposition of nitrogen-containing compounds to NH under oxygen-free conditions3、H2S and the like having a foul odor. Ammonia gas, hydrogen sulfide, mercaptan, indole, skatole and the like in the chicken manure can cause air pollution and chronic poisoning after long-time contact. At present, the water content of the chicken manure is required to be kept in the fermentation process55-60%, the fresh chicken manure needs to be dried or added with 30-45% of auxiliary materials (rice hull powder, straw powder, cassava dregs and the like) to reduce the water content to a specified range. If the drying equipment is adopted, the energy consumption is large; the natural air drying takes a long time. And a large amount of auxiliary materials are used, so that the cost of organic fertilizer raw materials is increased, and the treatment capacity of the excrement in an organic fertilizer plant is reduced. Therefore, there is a need for a decomposition agent which can rapidly ferment chicken manure with a high water content and can reduce NH generated by fermentation3And the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the prior art, the invention aims to provide a special decomposition agent containing an oxygen increasing agent and humic acid for cage-rearing chicken manure and application thereof. The chicken manure can still be rapidly fermented under the condition of high water content, the fermentation period can be shortened, and the generation of harmful gas is reduced.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a special decomposition agent containing an oxygen increasing agent and humic acid for cage-rearing chicken manure, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
20-40 parts of bacillus subtilis raw powder, 5-15 parts of bacillus licheniformis raw powder, 10-20 parts of aspergillus niger fermentation product, 5-15 parts of trichoderma viride fermentation product, 1-5 parts of streptomyces albidovis fermentation product, 1-3 parts of streptomyces donaldensis fermentation product, 2-8 parts of enterococcus faecalis dry powder, 2-8 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae dry powder, 5-10 parts of humic acid, 35-11 parts of oxygenating agent ND-11 and 2-8 parts of calcium superphosphate.
Preferably, the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
30 parts of bacillus subtilis raw powder, 10 parts of bacillus licheniformis raw powder, 15 parts of aspergillus niger leavening, 10 parts of trichoderma viride leavening, 3 parts of streptomyces albidoflavus leavening, 2 parts of streptomyces donaldii leavening, 5 parts of enterococcus faecalis dry powder, 5 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae dry powder, 7 parts of humic acid, ND-38 parts of oxygenation agent and 5 parts of calcium superphosphate.
Preferably, the humic acid is mineral potassium humate.
Preferably, the number of effective viable bacteria in the special decomposition agent containing the oxygenation agent and the humic acid for the cage-rearing chicken manure is more than or equal to 200 hundred million/g.
Preferably, the aspergillus niger fermented product or trichoderma viride fermented product is prepared by the following method: the solid state fermentation medium and water were mixed in a ratio of 1: 0.75, adjusting the pH value to 6.5, sterilizing, inoculating 12 wt% of Aspergillus niger seed liquid or Trichoderma viride seed liquid, and performing tray fermentation at 28 ℃ for 7 d;
preferably, the preparation method of the aspergillus niger seed solution or the trichoderma viride seed solution comprises the following steps: inoculating 1 wt% of Aspergillus niger or Trichoderma viride in the seed culture medium, and culturing at 28 ℃ for 3-5 days.
Preferably, the solid state fermentation medium comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.5% of glucose, 0.5% of yeast extract powder, 50% of bran, 15% of rice hull powder, 25% of bean cake powder, 8% of corn flour, 0.8% of calcium carbonate and 0.2% of monopotassium phosphate;
preferably, the seed culture medium comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 2% of glucose, 1.5% of peptone, 1% of yeast extract powder, 1% of soybean meal powder, 1.5% of corn starch and the balance of water; the pH of the seed medium was adjusted to 6.5.
Preferably, the streptomyces albidoflauvs fermentation product or the streptomyces thalidovus fermentation product is prepared by the following method: mixing a solid fermentation culture medium and water according to a mass ratio of 1:0.5 to obtain a mixture, sterilizing the mixture with the thickness of 6cm, inoculating 5 wt% of streptomyces albidoflauvs seed liquid or streptomyces dongdahu seed liquid, and fermenting for 108 hours at the temperature of 30 ℃;
preferably, the preparation method of the streptomyces albidoflauvs seed liquid or the streptomyces donaldii seed liquid comprises the following steps: inoculating 1 wt% of streptomyces albidoflauvs or streptomyces thalidoides to the seed culture medium, and culturing for 72-96 h at 30 ℃.
Preferably, the solid fermentation medium comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 22.5% of mushroom residues, 60% of cassava residues, 7% of rice hull powder, 10% of bran, 0.3% of calcium carbonate, 0.06% of monopotassium phosphate, 0.05% of sodium chloride, 0.04% of magnesium sulfate and 0.05% of manganese sulfate;
preferably, the seed culture medium comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.2% of glucose, 3.5% of peptone, 2% of bran, 0.05% of monopotassium phosphate, 0.05% of calcium carbonate, 0.05% of sodium chloride, 0.05% of magnesium sulfate and the balance of water.
Preferably, the oxygenation agent ND-3 is prepared by the following method:
(1) adding CaCl2·2H2Dissolving O in deionized water, adding 30% H2O2Stirring uniformly to obtain a solution;
(2) adding NH to the solution while stirring the solution3·H2O and deionized water to obtain a mixed solution;
(3) cooling the mixed solution until the temperature of the mixed solution is not reduced, performing filter pressing on the mixed solution, and drying a filter cake at 180 ℃ to obtain the oxygen increasing agent ND-3.
Preferably, in step (1), CaCl2·2H2The dosage ratio of O to deionized water is 1.5 g: 1 mL; deionized water and H2O2Is 1: 5.
preferably, in step (2), NH3·H2The volume ratio of O to deionized water is 1: 4.
preferably, NH3·H2O and H2O2Is 1: 5.
the preparation method of the special decomposition agent for the cage-rearing chicken manure comprises the following steps: the raw materials are uniformly mixed to obtain the special decomposition agent containing the oxygenation agent and the humic acid for the cage-rearing chicken manure.
In a second aspect of the invention, the invention provides application of a special decomposition agent for cage-rearing chicken manure in preparation of organic fertilizer from the cage-rearing chicken manure.
The third aspect of the invention provides an organic fertilizer, which comprises cage-rearing chicken manure, rice hull powder and a special decomposition agent for the cage-rearing chicken manure;
preferably, the organic fertilizer is prepared by the following method:
(1) mixing the cage-rearing chicken manure and the rice hull powder according to a mass ratio of 8:2, adjusting the water content to 65-70% to obtain a mixed material, adding 100 g of a special decomposition agent for the cage-rearing chicken manure into each ton of the mixed material, turning and uniformly mixing, and establishing a strip pile;
(2) when the temperature of the strip stacks is more than or equal to 50 ℃, turning and throwing for 1 time every 2 days; when the temperature of the strip stacks is more than or equal to 60 ℃, turning and throwing for 1 time every 1 day; when the temperature of the strip stack is more than or equal to 70 ℃, turning and throwing for 1 time every day; when the germination index of the windrow temperature is more than or equal to 70 percent, the aerobic decomposition is finished, the after-ripening stage is carried out, and the organic fertilizer is obtained after the after-ripening is finished.
Adding a decomposition agent into the cage-rearing chicken manure, and turning and throwing the cage-rearing chicken manure to uniformly mix the cage-rearing chicken manure and the cage-rearing chicken manure to obtain a pile; turning and throwing for 1 time every 2 days from the 3 rd day; when the temperature of the stack is more than or equal to 60 ℃, turning and throwing for 1 time every 1 day; when the temperature of the stack is more than or equal to 70 ℃, turning and throwing for 1 time every day; when the temperature of the pile is lower than 45 ℃, the moisture is lower than 35 percent, and the germination index is higher than 70 percent, after the aerobic decomposition is finished, entering an after-ripening stage; after-ripening for 7d, obtaining the organic fertilizer.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention mixes bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes for use, and enriches the variety of metabolites in the decomposing inoculant. The invention uses the leavening to replace the bacterial powder, increases the number of effective live bacteria, can quickly participate in the fermentation, and improves the fermentation speed.
(2) According to the invention, the oxygen increasing agent is added into the decomposing agent, so that the temperature rise period can be effectively shortened; the calcium superphosphate is used as a pH regulator of the heap and an ammonia adsorbent, the humic acid is used as an ammonia adsorbent, the increase of the pH of the heap can be relieved, ammonia volatilization is effectively reduced by absorbing ammonia, and the content of organic nitrogen elements in the heap is increased.
(3) The decomposition agent is rich in an oxygen increasing agent, continuously generates oxygen in the cage-rearing chicken manure, promotes quick temperature rise, can reach 50 ℃ after 20 hours of temperature rise, and shortens the fermentation period. So that the chicken manure with high water content can be quickly heated and quickly decomposed.
(4) The product of the invention can reduce the consumption of auxiliary materials by 20-30%, reduce the total cost of the organic fertilizer by 100 plus 150 yuan/ton, improve the economic benefit and improve the treatment capacity of the organic fertilizer plant on the cage-culture chicken manure.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
In order to make the technical solutions of the present application more clearly understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
As described in the background art, when the chicken manure is decomposed by using the traditional decomposing agent, the water content is not higher than 60%, otherwise the chicken manure is easy to cause 'dead heap', and the temperature cannot be rapidly raised. The water content of the chicken manure is required to be kept between 55 and 60 percent during fermentation, and the fresh chicken manure is required to be dried to reduce the water content to a specified range. If the drying equipment is adopted, the energy consumption is large; the natural air drying takes a long time. Therefore, the existing decomposing inoculant cannot treat fresh chicken manure with high water content.
Based on the above, the invention provides a special decomposition agent containing an oxygen increasing agent and humic acid for cage-rearing chicken manure and an application thereof, wherein the special decomposition agent for cage-rearing chicken manure comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
20-40 parts of bacillus subtilis raw powder, 5-15 parts of bacillus licheniformis raw powder, 10-20 parts of aspergillus niger fermentation product, 5-15 parts of trichoderma viride fermentation product, 1-5 parts of streptomyces albidovis fermentation product, 1-3 parts of streptomyces donaldensis fermentation product, 2-8 parts of enterococcus faecalis dry powder, 2-8 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae dry powder, 5-10 parts of humic acid, 35-11 parts of oxygenating agent ND-11 and 2-8 parts of calcium superphosphate.
In the raw materials, the calcium superphosphate can produce acid, reduce the pH value of the chicken manure and prevent ammonia gas from volatilizing; humic acid can absorb ammonia gas to prevent ammonia from volatilizing; the oxygen increasing agent ND-3 can provide oxygen in chicken manure with the water content of 65-75% to help microorganisms to stably grow and rapidly propagate. The invention uses bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes in a mixing way, wherein bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis have protease and lipase activities; aspergillus niger, Trichoderma viride, Streptomyces albogriseus and Streptomyces thalidomide have cellulase and ligninase activities; the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus licheniformis and the saccharomyces cerevisiae can be started under the low-temperature condition, so that the fermentation is rapidly heated; enterococcus faecalis and saccharomyces cerevisiae can produce acid, reduce the pH of chicken manure and prevent ammonia from volatilizing. By using the raw materials, the chicken manure can still be rapidly fermented under the condition of high water content, the fermentation period can be shortened, and the generation of harmful gas is reduced.
Description of the drawings: in the embodiment, the bacillus subtilis raw powder, the bacillus licheniformis raw powder and the mineral source potassium humate are purchased from Shandong agriculture and industry science and technology Limited;
enterococcus faecalis dry powder is purchased from biotechnology limited of Jiangsu green;
the dry powder of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was purchased from Osman Biotech, Guangzhou;
the aspergillus niger is purchased from China industrial microorganism strain preservation management center, and the strain preservation number is as follows: CICC 2041;
the trichoderma viride is purchased from China center for industrial microorganism culture collection management, and the culture collection number is as follows: CICC 13002;
streptomyces albogriseus is purchased from China agricultural microorganism strain preservation management center, and the strain preservation number is as follows: ACCC 40001;
the streptomyces dongdense is purchased from Shanghai preservation biotechnology center, and the strain preservation number is as follows: shbccc D58113.
Example 1
Preparation of aspergillus niger fermentation:
2g of glucose, 1.5g of peptone, 1g of yeast extract powder, 1g of soybean meal, 1.5g of corn starch and 93g of water are uniformly mixed, NaOH is added to adjust the pH value to 6.5, 1g of Aspergillus niger is inoculated, and the Aspergillus niger seed solution is obtained after culture at 28 ℃ for 4 days.
Uniformly mixing 0.5g of glucose, 0.5g of yeast extract powder, 50g of bran, 15g of rice hull powder, 25g of bean cake powder, 8g of corn flour, 0.8g of calcium carbonate and 0.2g of dihydrogen phosphate to obtain a solid fermentation culture medium; adding 75g of water into the solid fermentation medium, uniformly mixing, adding NaOH to adjust the pH value to 6.5, sterilizing at 120 ℃ for 30min, inoculating 21g of Aspergillus niger seed liquid, and performing shallow tray fermentation at 28 ℃ for 7d to obtain the Aspergillus niger fermented product.
Example 2
Preparation of trichoderma viride fermentation product:
2g of glucose, 1.5g of peptone, 1g of yeast extract powder, 1g of soybean meal, 1.5g of corn starch and 93g of water are uniformly mixed, NaOH is added to adjust the pH value to 6.5, 1g of trichoderma viride is inoculated, and the trichoderma viride seed solution is obtained after culture for 4 days at 28 ℃.
Uniformly mixing 0.5g of glucose, 0.5g of yeast extract powder, 50g of bran, 15g of rice hull powder, 25g of bean cake powder, 8g of corn flour, 0.8g of calcium carbonate and 0.2g of dihydrogen phosphate to obtain a solid fermentation culture medium; adding 75g of water into the solid fermentation culture medium, uniformly mixing, adding NaOH to adjust the pH value to 6.5, sterilizing at 120 ℃ for 30min, inoculating 21g of trichoderma viride seed solution, and performing shallow fermentation at 28 ℃ for 7d to obtain the trichoderma viride fermentation product.
Example 3
Preparation of Streptomyces albidoidis fermentation product:
1.2g of glucose, 3.5g of peptone, 2g of bran, 0.05g of monopotassium phosphate, 0.05g of calcium carbonate, 0.05g of sodium chloride, 0.05g of magnesium sulfate and 93.1g of water are mixed uniformly, 1g of streptomyces albidoflauvs is inoculated, and the streptomyces albidoflauvs seed solution is obtained by culturing at 30 ℃ for 84 hours.
Uniformly mixing 22.5g of mushroom residues, 60g of cassava residues, 7g of rice hull powder, 10g of bran, 0.3g of calcium carbonate, 0.06g of monopotassium phosphate, 0.05g of sodium chloride, 0.04g of magnesium sulfate and 0.05g of manganese sulfate to obtain a solid fermentation culture medium; adding 50g of water into the solid fermentation medium, uniformly mixing to ensure that the thickness of the material is 6cm, sterilizing at 120 ℃ for 30min, inoculating 7.5g of streptomyces albidoflauvs seed solution, and fermenting at 30 ℃ for 108h to obtain the streptomyces albidoflauvs fermentation product.
Example 4
Preparation of Streptomyces tangadensis fermentation product:
1.2g of glucose, 3.5g of peptone, 2g of bran, 0.05g of monopotassium phosphate, 0.05g of calcium carbonate, 0.05g of sodium chloride, 0.05g of magnesium sulfate and 93.1g of water are mixed uniformly, 1g of streptomyces dongdahlii is inoculated, and the mixture is cultured at 30 ℃ for 84 hours to obtain a streptomyces dongdahlii seed solution.
Uniformly mixing 22.5g of mushroom residues, 60g of cassava residues, 7g of rice hull powder, 10g of bran, 0.3g of calcium carbonate, 0.06g of monopotassium phosphate, 0.05g of sodium chloride, 0.04g of magnesium sulfate and 0.05g of manganese sulfate to obtain a solid fermentation culture medium; adding 50g of water into the solid fermentation medium, uniformly mixing to ensure that the thickness of the material is 6cm, sterilizing at 120 ℃ for 30min, inoculating 7.5g of Streptomyces thalidovus seed liquid, and fermenting at 30 ℃ for 108h to obtain the Streptomyces thalidovus fermentation product.
Example 5
Preparing an oxygen increasing agent ND-3:
reacting in a reaction tank with a coil pipe and a stirring paddle, weighing 150kg CaCl2·2H2O, dissolved in 100L of deionized water, 500L of 30% H was added2O2Stirring uniformly, adding 100L of NH 3. H2O and 400L of deionized water while stirring, continuously cooling the solution in the tank body by using cooling water, performing filter pressing by using a plate frame when the temperature of the tank body does not decrease any more, and drying a filter cake for 30min at 180 ℃ to obtain the oxygen increasing agent ND-3.
Example 6
30g of bacillus subtilis raw powder, 10g of bacillus licheniformis raw powder, 15g of the aspergillus niger fermented product prepared in the embodiment 1, 10g of the trichoderma viride fermented product prepared in the embodiment 2, 3g of the streptomyces albidoflauvo fermented product prepared in the embodiment 3, 2g of the streptomyces dondoensis fermented product prepared in the embodiment 4, 5g of enterococcus faecalis dry powder, 5g of saccharomyces cerevisiae dry powder, 7g of mineral potassium humate, 8g of the oxygenation agent ND-3 prepared in the embodiment 5 and 5kg of calcium superphosphate are uniformly mixed to obtain the decomposition agent.
Example 7
20g of bacillus subtilis raw powder, 15g of bacillus licheniformis raw powder, 10g of the aspergillus niger fermented product prepared in the embodiment 1, 15g of the trichoderma viride fermented product prepared in the embodiment 2, 1g of the streptomyces albidoflauvo fermented product prepared in the embodiment 3, 3g of the streptomyces dondoensis fermented product prepared in the embodiment 4, 2g of enterococcus faecalis dry powder, 8g of saccharomyces cerevisiae dry powder, 5g of mineral potassium humate, 11g of the oxygenating agent ND-3 prepared in the embodiment 5 and 2g of calcium superphosphate are uniformly mixed to obtain the thoroughly decomposing agent.
Example 8
40g of bacillus subtilis raw powder, 5g of bacillus licheniformis raw powder, 20g of the Aspergillus niger fermented product prepared in the example 1, 5g of the Trichoderma viride fermented product prepared in the example 2, 5g of the Streptomyces albugineus fermented product prepared in the example 3, 1g of the Streptomyces dander fermented product prepared in the example 4, 8g of enterococcus faecalis dry powder, 2g of Saccharomyces cerevisiae dry powder, 10g of mineral source potassium humate, 5g of the oxygenation agent ND-3 prepared in the example 5 and 8g of calcium superphosphate are uniformly mixed to obtain the decomposition agent.
Example 9
Mixing the cage-rearing chicken manure and the rice hull powder according to the mass ratio of 8:2, adjusting the moisture content to 65-70% to obtain a mixture, adding 100 g of the decomposition agent prepared in the example 6 into each ton of the mixture, uniformly scattering the mixture on the mixture, uniformly mixing the mixture by using a turner, and establishing a strip stack. When the temperature of the strip stacks rises to 50 ℃, the strip stacks are turned and thrown for 1 time every 2 days, when the temperature of the strip stacks rises to above 60 ℃, the strip stacks are turned and thrown for 1 time every 1 day, and when the temperature of the strip stacks rises to above 70 ℃, the strip stacks are thrown for 1 time every day. And when the stack is turned for 23-25 days, measuring the temperature of the stack, sampling and measuring data such as moisture, germination index and the like, when the germination index of the stack is higher than 70%, finishing aerobic decomposition, moving the stack to enter an after-ripening stage, and standing at normal temperature for 7 days to obtain the organic fertilizer.
Comparative example 1
Uniformly mixing 30g of bacillus subtilis raw powder, 10g of bacillus licheniformis raw powder, 15g of the Aspergillus niger fermented product prepared in the embodiment 1, 10g of the Trichoderma viride fermented product prepared in the embodiment 2, 3g of the Streptomyces albogriseus fermented product prepared in the embodiment 3, 2g of the Streptomyces dander fermented product prepared in the embodiment 4, 5g of enterococcus faecalis dry powder, 5g of saccharomyces cerevisiae dry powder, 7g of mineral source potassium humate and 5kg of calcium superphosphate to obtain the decomposition agent.
Comparative example 2
Uniformly mixing 30g of bacillus subtilis raw powder, 10g of bacillus licheniformis raw powder, 15g of the Aspergillus niger fermented product prepared in the embodiment 1, 10g of the Trichoderma viride fermented product prepared in the embodiment 2, 3g of the Streptomyces albogriseus fermented product prepared in the embodiment 3, 2g of the Streptomyces dander fermented product prepared in the embodiment 4, 5g of enterococcus faecalis dry powder, 5g of saccharomyces cerevisiae dry powder, 8g of the oxygenating agent ND-3 prepared in the embodiment 5 and 5kg of calcium superphosphate to obtain the maturing agent.
Comparative example 3
Uniformly mixing 30g of bacillus subtilis raw powder, 10g of bacillus licheniformis raw powder, 15g of the Aspergillus niger fermented product prepared in the embodiment 1, 10g of the Trichoderma viride fermented product prepared in the embodiment 2, 3g of the Streptomyces albogriseus fermented product prepared in the embodiment 3, 2g of the Streptomyces dander fermented product prepared in the embodiment 4, 5g of enterococcus faecalis dry powder, 5g of saccharomyces cerevisiae dry powder and 5kg of calcium superphosphate to obtain the decomposition maturing agent.
Comparative example 4
The decomposing agent was obtained by uniformly mixing 15g of the Aspergillus niger fermented product prepared in example 1, 10g of the Trichoderma viride fermented product prepared in example 2, 3g of the Streptomyces lividans fermented product prepared in example 3, 2g of the Streptomyces glaucescens fermented product prepared in example 4, 5g of dried enterococcus faecalis powder, 5g of dried Saccharomyces cerevisiae powder, 7g of mineral-derived potassium humate, 8g of the oxygenating agent ND-3 prepared in example 5, and 5kg of calcium superphosphate.
Comparative example 5
Uniformly mixing 30g of bacillus subtilis raw powder, 10g of bacillus licheniformis raw powder, 5g of enterococcus faecalis dry powder, 5g of saccharomyces cerevisiae dry powder, 7g of mineral potassium humate, 8g of the oxygenation agent ND-3 prepared in the embodiment 5 and 5kg of calcium superphosphate to obtain the decomposition agent.
Comparative example 6
The humic acid is prepared by uniformly mixing 30g of bacillus subtilis raw powder, 10g of bacillus licheniformis raw powder, 15g of the aspergillus niger fermented product prepared in the embodiment 1, 10g of the trichoderma viride fermented product prepared in the embodiment 2, 3g of the streptomyces albidoflauvo fermented product prepared in the embodiment 3, 2g of the streptomyces donaldii fermented product prepared in the embodiment 4, 7g of mineral source potassium humate, 8g of the oxygen increasing agent ND-3 prepared in the embodiment 5 and 5kg of calcium superphosphate.
Test example 1
The number of effective viable bacteria, protease activity and cellulase activity in the decomposition agents prepared in examples 6-8 and comparative examples 1-6 were detected according to the regulations of GB 20287-2006 agricultural microbial inoculum, and the obtained results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0003132703250000081
As can be seen from Table 1, the effective viable count, protease activity and cellulase activity in comparative examples 1 to 3 are substantially the same as those in example 6, since the amounts of the respective strains or fermented products in comparative examples 1 to 3 are the same as those in example 6. Compared with comparative examples 4-6, the decomposing inoculant prepared in examples 6-8 has the effective viable count, protease activity and cellulase activity values higher than those of comparative examples 4-6.
Test example 2: cage-rearing chicken manure decomposition fermentation test
Test site: a soil conditioning workshop of Shandong agriculture and industry science and technology Limited;
the test conditions are as follows: at an initial ambient temperature of 25 ℃.
Preparing an organic fertilizer:
mixing cage-cultured chicken manure and rice hull powder according to the ratio of 8:2, regulating the water content to be 66% to obtain a mixture, dividing the mixture into 11 parts, taking 1 part of the mixture as a blank control group without adding a decomposing agent, adding a commercially available decomposing agent and the decomposing agents prepared in examples 6 to 8 and comparative examples 1 to 6 into each part of the mixture according to the dosage of 100 g/ton, repeating 3 groups of treatment settings, and performing a composting test: uniformly spreading the decomposition agent on the mixed material, and uniformly mixing by using a turner to establish a strip stack. When the temperature of the strip stacks rises to 50 ℃, the strip stacks are turned and thrown for 1 time every 2 days, when the temperature of the strip stacks rises to above 60 ℃, the strip stacks are turned and thrown for 1 time every 1 day, and when the temperature of the strip stacks rises to above 70 ℃, the strip stacks are thrown for 1 time every day. And when the germination index of the windrows is higher than 70%, after the aerobic decomposition is finished, moving the windrows for after-ripening, and after-ripening for 7 days at normal temperature to obtain the organic fertilizer.
The commercial decomposing inoculant is a Jinbaobei fertilizer starter which is purchased from Beijing Huaxia Kangyuan science and technology Limited.
In the composting process, the temperature of each group of strip stacks is detected every day in the first 7 days at the same time, five sampling points are taken for detection every time, and the average value of the temperature is calculated. The temperature change of the pack is shown in Table 2.
Detecting the germination index of each group of fertilizers (stack) every day from the 23 rd day, and finishing aerobic decomposition when the germination index of the fertilizers is higher than 70%; five sampling points are taken for detection each time, and the germination index is detected according to the requirements in DB 37/T4135 and 2020 germination index determination technical specification for producing organic fertilizer by compost. The results are shown in Table 3.
After the fermentation is finished, detecting the content of nitrogen element, the volatilization amount of ammonia gas and the content of total nutrient in the organic fertilizer, and counting the turning times in the fermentation process, wherein the obtained results are shown in table 4.
TABLE 2 temperature Change of pack
Figure BDA0003132703250000091
Figure BDA0003132703250000101
As can be seen from table 2, compared with the commercial decomposing inoculant, the decomposing inoculant of the present invention shortens the temperature rise period (time required for raising the temperature to 55 ℃ or more) from 4 days to 1-2 days; compared with comparative examples 1-6, the decomposing inoculant prepared in examples 6-8 can shorten the temperature rise period by 1-2 days.
TABLE 3 Germination index
Figure BDA0003132703250000102
As can be seen from Table 3, the decomposing inoculant prepared in examples 6 to 8 can shorten the decomposing period by 3 days, compared with the commercial decomposing inoculant. Compared with comparative examples 1 to 6, the decomposing inoculant prepared in examples 6 to 8 can shorten the decomposing period by about 1 day.
As can be seen from tables 2 and 3, the total decomposing period of the decomposing inoculant prepared by the invention can be shortened by 3-5 days compared with a commercial decomposing inoculant or a comparative example.
TABLE 4
Figure BDA0003132703250000103
Figure BDA0003132703250000111
As can be seen from Table 4, compared with the commercial decomposition agents, the addition of the decomposition agents prepared in examples 6 to 8 can reduce the turnover number by 6 to 7 times in the fertilizer fermentation process, and reduce the energy consumption by 720-. Compared with the commercial decomposing inoculant, the decomposing inoculant prepared in the embodiments 6 to 8 can be added to improve the content of nitrogen elements in the organic fertilizer by 20 to 30 percent, and the content of total nutrients is improved by about 10 percent; by calculation, the consumption of auxiliary materials can be reduced by 20-30%, and the total cost for producing the organic fertilizer is reduced by 100 yuan/ton and 150 yuan/ton.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. The special decomposition agent containing the oxygen increasing agent and the humic acid for the cage-rearing chicken manure is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
20-40 parts of bacillus subtilis raw powder, 5-15 parts of bacillus licheniformis raw powder, 10-20 parts of aspergillus niger fermentation product, 5-15 parts of trichoderma viride fermentation product, 1-5 parts of streptomyces albidovis fermentation product, 1-3 parts of streptomyces donaldensis fermentation product, 2-8 parts of enterococcus faecalis dry powder, 2-8 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae dry powder, 5-10 parts of humic acid, 35-11 parts of oxygenating agent ND-11 and 2-8 parts of calcium superphosphate.
2. The special decomposition agent containing the oxygen increasing agent and the humic acid for the cage-rearing chicken manure according to claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
30 parts of bacillus subtilis raw powder, 10 parts of bacillus licheniformis raw powder, 15 parts of aspergillus niger leavening, 10 parts of trichoderma viride leavening, 3 parts of streptomyces albidoflavus leavening, 2 parts of streptomyces donaldii leavening, 5 parts of enterococcus faecalis dry powder, 5 parts of saccharomyces cerevisiae dry powder, 7 parts of humic acid, ND-38 parts of oxygenation agent and 5 parts of calcium superphosphate.
3. The special decomposing inoculant for cage-rearing chicken manure containing an oxygen increasing agent and humic acid as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the humic acid is mineral potassium humate;
preferably, the number of effective viable bacteria in the special decomposition agent containing the oxygenation agent and the humic acid for the cage-rearing chicken manure is more than or equal to 200 hundred million/g.
4. The special decomposing agent containing the oxygenation agent and the humic acid for the cage-rearing chicken manure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the Aspergillus niger fermented product or the Trichoderma viride fermented product is prepared by the following method: the solid state fermentation medium and water were mixed in a ratio of 1: 0.75, adjusting the pH value to 6.5, sterilizing, inoculating 12 wt% of Aspergillus niger seed liquid or Trichoderma viride seed liquid, and performing tray fermentation at 28 ℃ for 7 d;
preferably, the preparation method of the aspergillus niger seed solution or the trichoderma viride seed solution comprises the following steps: inoculating 1 wt% of Aspergillus niger or Trichoderma viride in the seed culture medium, and culturing at 28 ℃ for 3-5 days.
5. The special decomposition agent containing the oxygenation agent and the humic acid for the cage-rearing chicken manure according to claim 4, wherein the solid fermentation culture medium comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.5% of glucose, 0.5% of yeast extract powder, 50% of bran, 15% of rice hull powder, 25% of bean cake powder, 8% of corn flour, 0.8% of calcium carbonate and 0.2% of dihydrogen phosphate;
preferably, the seed culture medium comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 2% of glucose, 1.5% of peptone, 1% of yeast extract powder, 1% of soybean meal powder, 1.5% of corn starch and the balance of water; the pH of the seed medium was adjusted to 6.5.
6. The special decomposing agent containing the oxygenation agent and the humic acid for the cage-rearing chicken manure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the Streptomyces albidoidis fermented product or the Streptomyces donaiensis fermented product is prepared by the following method: mixing a solid fermentation culture medium and water according to a mass ratio of 1:0.5 to obtain a mixture, sterilizing the mixture with the thickness of 6cm, inoculating 5 wt% of streptomyces albidoflauvs seed liquid or streptomyces dongdahu seed liquid, and fermenting for 108 hours at the temperature of 30 ℃;
preferably, the preparation method of the streptomyces albidoflauvs seed liquid or the streptomyces donaldii seed liquid comprises the following steps: inoculating 1 wt% of streptomyces albidoflauvs or streptomyces thalidoides to the seed culture medium, and culturing for 72-96 h at 30 ℃.
7. The special decomposition agent containing the oxygenation agent and the humic acid for the cage-rearing chicken manure according to claim 6, wherein the solid fermentation culture medium comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 22.5% of mushroom residues, 60% of cassava residues, 7% of rice hull powder, 10% of bran, 0.3% of calcium carbonate, 0.06% of monopotassium phosphate, 0.05% of sodium chloride, 0.04% of magnesium sulfate and 0.05% of manganese sulfate;
preferably, the seed culture medium comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1.2% of glucose, 3.5% of peptone, 2% of bran, 0.05% of monopotassium phosphate, 0.05% of calcium carbonate, 0.05% of sodium chloride, 0.05% of magnesium sulfate and the balance of water.
8. The special decomposition agent containing the oxygen increasing agent and the humic acid for the cage-rearing chicken manure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the oxygen increasing agent ND-3 is prepared by the following method:
(1) adding CaCl2·2H2Dissolving O in deionized water, adding 30% H2O2Stirring uniformly to obtain a solution;
(2) adding NH to the solution while stirring the solution3·H2O and deionized water to obtain a mixed solution;
(3) cooling the mixed solution until the temperature of the mixed solution is not reduced, performing filter pressing on the mixed solution, and drying a filter cake at 180 ℃ to obtain the oxygen increasing agent ND-3.
9. The application of the special decomposing agent for the cage-rearing chicken manure of any one of claims 1 to 8 in preparing an organic fertilizer from the cage-rearing chicken manure.
10. An organic fertilizer, which is characterized by comprising cage-rearing chicken manure, rice hull powder and the special decomposing agent for cage-rearing chicken manure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8;
preferably, the organic fertilizer is prepared by the following method:
(1) mixing cage-rearing chicken manure and rice hull powder according to a mass ratio of 8:2, adjusting the water content to 65-70% to obtain a mixed material, adding 100 g of the special decomposing inoculant for cage-rearing chicken manure according to any one of claims 1-8 to each ton of the mixed material, turning and uniformly mixing, and establishing a strip pile;
(2) when the temperature of the strip stacks is more than or equal to 50 ℃, turning and throwing for 1 time every 2 days; when the temperature of the strip stacks is more than or equal to 60 ℃, turning and throwing for 1 time every 1 day; when the temperature of the strip stack is more than or equal to 70 ℃, turning and throwing for 1 time every day; when the germination index of the windrow is more than or equal to 70 percent, the aerobic decomposition is finished, the after-ripening stage is carried out, and the organic fertilizer is obtained after the after-ripening is finished.
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