CN111903578A - Outdoor large-scale intermediate breeding method for shellfish - Google Patents
Outdoor large-scale intermediate breeding method for shellfish Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/54—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G33/00—Cultivation of seaweed or algae
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/322—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae
- C02F3/325—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae as symbiotic combination of algae and bacteria
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F7/00—Aeration of stretches of water
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/12—Unicellular algae; Culture media therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/20—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Abstract
An outdoor large-scale intermediate breeding method for spat comprises the following steps: 1) building an outdoor shellfish bed in the pond; 2) gradually forming a water level height fall in the vertical direction by the elevated pond, the algae pond and the outdoor shellfish bed, carrying out high-density shrimp culture in the elevated pond, carrying out fish and shrimp polyculture in the algae pond, and carrying out intermediate culture of shellfish seedlings in the outdoor shellfish bed; 3) purifying the breeding wastewater: firstly, the aquaculture wastewater in the high-level pond is discharged into an algae pond for ectopic dilution and conversion, the wastewater is changed into rich water to promote the growth of beneficial unicellular algae, then the rich water in the algae pond is introduced into an outdoor shellfish bed, the rich water is changed into pure water through the filter feeding activity of bivalves, and meanwhile, the unicellular algae is used as bait organisms to promote the growth of shellfish seedlings, so that the aquaculture wastewater is purified ectopically. Greatly reduces the culture cost, greatly improves the productivity of the intermediate culture of the spat, realizes higher economic benefit, is beneficial to efficiently solving the problem of treatment of culture wastewater, and is suitable for popularization and application in areas where the double-shell spats such as clams, razor clams and the like are suitable for culture.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of aquatic products, in particular to an outdoor large-scale intermediate breeding method for shellfish seedlings.
Background
In recent years, the culture pollution becomes the third pollution source following the industrial pollution and the living pollution, and becomes one of the main causes of the water source pollution in China. Especially, a large amount of high-density intensive culture wastewater such as an elevated pond, industrial culture, high-density seedling culture and the like is discharged, and a large amount of organic pollutants, suspended matters, nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrients are directly discharged into nearby water areas, so that the serious problem of local sea area eutrophication is caused. With the increasing emphasis of the country on the ecological environment protection work of water areas, the problem of tail water discharge of aquaculture has received high attention from all parties. Development of aquaculture tail water treatment and ecological transformation is an important technical requirement for realizing sustainable green development of aquaculture.
The coupled culture based on multiple nutrition levels is guided by the concept of maintaining the balance of a culture ecosystem, the ecological mutual benefits among organisms with different nutrition levels are fully utilized, the organisms with different nutrition levels are scientifically integrated, waste nutrient substances released or excreted to water bodies by some organisms in the culture system become nutrient substance sources of other organisms, and the high-efficiency and high-value utilization of biogenic factors in an offshore ecosystem is achieved.
Algae and shellfish are important ecological links for carrying out tail water treatment. The high-efficiency algae pond is an improved pond tail water treatment mode developed in recent years, and by means of an enhanced algae-bacteria symbiotic system and by means of algae assimilation absorption, adsorption, chemical precipitation and the like, the synergistic degradation and absorption process of pollutants by algae and bacteria is enhanced, and the high-efficiency algae pond has a good removal effect on various pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen, phosphorus, heavy metals, organic matters and the like. Filter-feeding bivalve shellfish also play an important role in the treatment of tail water discharge, they can filter a large number of phytoplankton or other suspended particulate matter from the water body by a highly efficient filtering activity.
The average removal rate of the three-dimensional polyculture of fish, shrimp and shellfish on water CODMn, active phosphate and volatile phenol is more than 50%, the removal rate of BOD5, inorganic nitrogen and sulfide is more than 30%, the removal rate of total nitrogen and total phosphorus is about 15%, and the average removal rate is as follows: volatile phenol, active phosphate, CODMn, BOD5, sulfide, inorganic nitrogen, total phosphorus and total nitrogen. Therefore, the three-dimensional ecological breeding of the fish, the shrimp and the shellfish has obvious purification effect on water quality.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides an outdoor large-scale intermediate breeding method for shellfish, an outdoor shellfish bed is invented for the first time, a fish, shrimp and shellfish coupling relay breeding and efficient treatment mode of breeding wastewater is constructed according to the outdoor shellfish bed, the traditional three-dimensional breeding mode of algae and shellfish is converted into a relay breeding mode, and the wastewater is treated by using an efficient algae pond and the outdoor shellfish bed. The method has the advantages that the waste water treatment and the high-efficiency aquaculture industry are closely combined, the coupling relay aquaculture technology for fishes, shrimps and shellfish is provided, 3 aquaculture modes of high pond/industrial shrimp culture, pond mixed culture for fishes and shrimps and intermediate culture for shellfish are used for coupling relay aquaculture, the aquaculture cost and the tail water treatment cost are greatly reduced, the aquaculture output is improved, the economic benefit is high, the problem of aquaculture waste water treatment is solved, and the method is suitable for popularization and application in sea areas where bivalves shellfish such as clams and the like are suitable for aquaculture.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an outdoor large-scale intermediate breeding method for spat comprises the following steps:
1) building an outdoor shellfish bed in the pond;
2) step-by-step forming a water level height drop in the vertical direction by the elevated pond, the algae pond and the outdoor shellfish bed, wherein the elevated pond is used for high-density shrimp culture, the algae pond is used for fish and shrimp polyculture, the outdoor shellfish bed is used for shellfish intermediate culture, and the elevated pond, the algae pond and the outdoor shellfish bed are sequentially used for relay culture;
3) purifying the breeding wastewater: firstly, the aquaculture wastewater in the high-level pond is discharged into an algae pond, namely a fish and shrimp mixed culture pond, ectopic dilution and conversion are carried out, the wastewater is changed into rich water to promote the growth of beneficial unicellular algae, then the rich water in the algae pond is introduced into an outdoor shellfish bed, the rich water is changed into pure water through the filter feeding activity of bivalve shellfish, and meanwhile, the unicellular algae is used as bait organisms to promote the growth of shellfish seedlings, so that the aquaculture wastewater is purified ectopically.
The outdoor shell bed is provided with an oxygenation device, a water inlet gate and a water discharge gate; the water inlet gate is communicated with the algae pond; the drainage gate is used for discharging purified rich water; the oxygen increasing device comprises an aerator pipe and an oxygen increasing machine, wherein the aerator pipe is used for increasing oxygen of the spat and preventing algae in the culture fertilizer water from sinking; the aerator is used for stirring and mixing rich water, and ensures that the rich water in the outdoor shellfish bed is uniform.
The outdoor shellfish bed is also provided with a fry collecting tank; the fry collecting groove is arranged on the outer side of the outdoor shellfish bed and used for collecting the shellfish.
The aerator adopts a waterwheel type aerator.
The method for cultivating the algae in the algae pond comprises the steps of efficiently utilizing residual bait excrement and culture wastewater to carry out ex-situ purification, and specifically comprises the following steps: probiotics such as bacillus, EM bacteria and the like are sprinkled regularly in the algae pond to promote the decomposition of the aquaculture wastewater and organic matters and convert the aquaculture wastewater and the organic matters into nutrient components such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like which can be absorbed by the algae, the decomposed nutrient components such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like are efficiently utilized to carry out carbon sequestration, the growth of the algae such as diatom, green alga and the like is further promoted, and the algae is cultivated to form bait organisms of bivalve shellfish.
The method for cultivating the algae in the algae pond comprises the step of splashing silicon fertilizer regularly to promote the directional growth of diatoms preferred by bivalve shellfish and increase the algae species diversity of diatoms.
The method for culturing the shrimps in the elevated pond comprises the step of periodically sprinkling probiotics such as bacillus, EM (effective microorganisms) and the like in the elevated pond.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention provides a novel method for efficiently treating aquaculture wastewater by using an outdoor shellfish bed, and also provides a novel method for large-scale intermediate culture of shellfish seedlings, thereby forming a novel industrial mode. Compared with the existing aquaculture wastewater treatment method based on multiple nutrition levels, the method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that an outdoor shellfish bed and a high-efficiency algae pond are coupled to form a set of aquaculture wastewater ex-situ purification technology, so that the purification efficiency is greatly improved; meanwhile, pond polyculture of shrimps, fishes and shrimps and intermediate culture of spat are coupled, sequential relay culture is carried out, culture cost and tail water treatment cost are greatly reduced, culture benefit is greatly improved, and the method has important significance for tail water treatment of culture, intensive culture of spat and capacity improvement.
2. The invention greatly improves the productivity of intermediate culture of the spat, realizes higher economic benefit, is beneficial to efficiently solving the problem of treatment of culture wastewater, and is suitable for popularization and application in areas where the bivalve spats such as clams, razor clams and the like are suitable for culture. From the economic benefit, the construction cost of the outdoor shellfish bed is far lower than that of a land-based shellfish seedling raising field with the same area, and the outdoor shellfish bed is suitable for large-scale and low-cost capacity expansion; compared with other intermediate shellfish fry breeding modes, the outdoor shellfish bed adopts a fine management mode, so that the shellfish fry breeding method is convenient to disinfect and eliminate enemies, and the survival rate is greatly improved. From the ecological benefit, the high-density culture of the shell such as the clams in the outdoor shell bed has extremely strong algae ingestion and water quality purification capacity, and the tail water purification treatment is carried out by the coupling relay of the outdoor shell bed and the high-efficiency algae pool, so that the outdoor shell bed can play a very obvious role.
3. The algae pond realizes the high-efficiency proliferation of algae in the fish and shrimp polyculture process, and can utilize residual bait and excrement in the fish and shrimp polyculture process and input nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutritional ingredients in an elevated pond or an industrial culture process through an algae and bacterium symbiosis technology to meet the nutritional input amount of high-efficiency cultivation of algae, so that algae water is efficiently produced, the algae bait requirement of an outdoor shellfish bed is met, and the algae pond and the outdoor shellfish bed jointly construct a relay chain for wastewater purification.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention clearer and more obvious, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the following embodiments.
Example 1: construction of outdoor shellfish bed
Building outdoor shellfish beds in ponds with the area of 20 mu and the depth of 2.0 meters, wherein each pond is provided with a waterwheel type aerator for stirring and mixing rich water so as to ensure that the rich water in the outdoor shellfish beds is uniform; a water inlet gate is arranged to be connected with the algae pond. And a drainage gate is arranged for discharging the purified rich water.
Each outdoor shellfish bed area is 200m2The height of the shellfish bed is 30cm, and an aeration pipe is arranged in the outdoor shellfish bed and used for oxygenating shellfish seedlings to prevent algae in the culture fertilizer from sinking; and a shellfish seedling collecting tank is arranged outside each shellfish bed and is used for collecting shellfish seedlings.
Example 2: high-level pond culture and culture wastewater discharge
The method comprises the steps of breeding litopenaeus vannamei in a 10-mouth about 1.5-mu high-level pond, breeding 10 thousands of shrimp fries with the specification of about 0.8cm, throwing 3-7% of daily bait amount, regularly sprinkling probiotics such as bacillus, EM and the like to adjust the water quality, regularly discharging breeding wastewater by using a central sewage discharge pipeline and ditch system connected with an algae pond, and discharging organic matters such as residual bait, excrement and the like and decomposed nitrogen, phosphorus and the like to the algae pond.
Example 3: algae pond for fish and shrimp polyculture and algae high-efficiency purification of culture tail water
Performing fish and shrimp polyculture in an algae pond of 30 mu, wherein the fishes select bluefish, yellow-fin sea bream and the like to prevent filamentous algae from breeding, the stocking density of each fish is 400 tails/mu, and the shrimps select litopenaeus vannamei and the like, and the density is 2 ten thousand tails/mu;
the following measures are adopted to carry out the high-efficiency cultivation of the algae: firstly, the high input of nutrient components is realized, the culture wastewater of shrimps cultured in an elevated pond is received besides residual bait and excrement for the mixed culture of fishes and shrimps, the high consumption of nutrient components such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like required by the efficient culture of algae is ensured, and the oxygen increasing of a waterwheel type oxygen increasing machine is started to fully mix the exogenous culture wastewater into an algae-bacteria symbiotic system of the fish-shrimp mixed culture pond; and secondly, sprinkling silicon fertilizer regularly to promote the directional growth of diatoms preferred by the bivalves and increase the algae species diversity of diatoms.
Constructing an algae symbiotic technology, and splashing probiotics such as bacillus, EM (effective microorganisms) and the like regularly in an algae pool to promote the decomposition of organic matters such as culture wastewater, residual bait, excrement and the like and convert the organic matters into nutrient components such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like which can be absorbed by algae; further promoting the growth of algae, and realizing the absorption and heterotopic transformation of the high-level pond culture wastewater by utilizing the symbiosis of algae and bacteria.
Example 4: intermediate cultivation and water purification of shellfish
After the outdoor shell bed is sterilized, natural seawater is injected for 30cm to the height of the shell bed, clam seedlings and the like are bred in a stocking mode, the density is 1 jin/square, the specification is 100 ten thousand grains/jin, and an aeration pipe is opened to increase oxygen;
introducing algae water in the algae pond into the pond of the outdoor shellfish bed through a rich water control gate, starting a water wheel type aerator to increase oxygen when the water level reaches 80-100 cm, and stirring the rich water to uniformly distribute the rich water to the outdoor shellfish bed to promote uniform growth of shellfish seedlings;
the high-efficiency filter feeding activity of the bivalve shellfish is utilized to purify the wastewater, so that the culture wastewater ex-situ purification completely reaches the discharge standard of the marine culture water discharge requirement (SC/T9103-2007); after the wastewater becomes clear, discharging clean seawater higher than the outdoor shell bed through a drainage gate of the outdoor shell bed;
the consumption condition of the algae is tracked and observed, and after the clean seawater is discharged every day, the fertilizer water is introduced from the algae pool to ensure that the algae within 24 hours are completely consumed and discharged, so that the phenomenon that the growth of the shellfish is influenced by aging of the algae due to excessive addition of the fertilizer water is avoided.
Culturing for about 7-20 days, and collecting and selling the fries through a fry collecting tank; then cleaning the outdoor shellfish bed, and starting another round of shellfish production after disinfection;
by utilizing the alternate production of a plurality of outdoor shellfish beds and ponds, the rich water in the algae pond can be fully consumed, and the culture wastewater in the high-level pond can be fully purified.
Through tests, 20 mu of outdoor shellfish bed, 40 mu of algae pond and 20 mu of elevated pond are utilized to carry out fish, shrimp and shellfish coupling culture for 4 months, the net income per month is more than 60 ten thousand yuan, all culture tail water reaches the standard and is discharged, and the water quality is clear and is superior to that of natural seawater.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
1. the invention provides a culture wastewater ex-situ purification technology, wherein an outdoor shellfish bed and an algae pond, namely a fish and shrimp polyculture pond are coupled to form a set of efficient relay mode for ex-situ purification of culture wastewater: cultivating wastewater from an elevated pond/industrial cultivation or other sources is ectopically purified in the algae pond, and the wastewater is changed into rich water to promote the growth of beneficial unicellular algae; secondly, introducing the rich water in the algae pond into an outdoor shellfish bed, changing the rich water into pure water through the high-efficiency filter feeding activity of the bivalve shellfish, realizing further ex-situ purification in the outdoor shellfish bed, and simultaneously using unicellular algae as bait organisms to promote the growth of the shellfish seedlings, so that the ex-situ purification of the aquaculture wastewater completely reaches the discharge standard of the marine aquaculture water discharge requirement (SC/T9103-2007).
2. Based on the multi-nutrient level principle, the culture wastewater from shrimp culture in the high-level pond is utilized and discharged into the fish and shrimp polyculture pond to provide nutrient components for algae culture; the algae symbiotic technology is adopted, the aquaculture water environment is stabilized, the stability of fish and shrimp polyculture is guaranteed, the algae cultivation is promoted, and the algae symbiotic technology is used as a bait organism for intermediate cultivation of the shellfish seedlings. Therefore, the fish, shrimp and shellfish coupling relay culture reduces the comprehensive culture cost, greatly improves the productivity of the intermediate culture of the shellfish seedlings and has extremely high economic benefit.
3. The algae pond utilizes a fish and shrimp polyculture pond, integrates technical measures such as algae bacterium symbiosis and the like, promotes a large amount of algae to grow, and forms a high-efficiency algae pond, which comprises the following specific steps: the algae pond receives breeding wastewater from an elevated pond/an industrial shrimp pond and the like on one hand, promotes the decomposition of organic matters by regularly splashing probiotics such as bacillus, EM and the like by utilizing residual bait and excrement of fishes and shrimps in the algae pond to form nutrient components such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like required by the efficient culture of algae, and in addition, regularly splashing silicon fertilizer to promote the directional growth of diatoms and increase the algae species diversity of diatoms; then under the photosynthesis, the carbon sink function is developed, the growth of diatom, green algae and the like is promoted, and the bait organisms of the bivalve shellfish are cultivated.
The invention couples the pond polyculture of the shrimps, the fishes and the shrimps in the high-level pond and the intermediate culture of the spats, realizes the sequential relay culture, realizes the step-by-step purification of the culture wastewater, greatly reduces the culture cost and the wastewater purification cost, and improves the culture stable income. Has important significance for the treatment of the culture tail water, the intensive culture of the spat and the improvement of the productivity.
Claims (8)
1. An outdoor large-scale intermediate breeding method of spat is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) building an outdoor shellfish bed in the pond;
2) step-by-step forming a water level height fall in the vertical direction by the elevated pond, the algae pond and the outdoor shellfish bed, wherein the elevated pond is used for high-density shrimp culture, the algae pond is used for fish and shrimp polyculture, and the outdoor shellfish bed is used for intermediate culture of shellfish seedlings;
3) purifying the breeding wastewater: firstly, the aquaculture wastewater in the high-level pond is discharged into an algae pond for ectopic dilution and conversion, the wastewater is changed into rich water to promote the growth of beneficial unicellular algae, then the rich water in the algae pond is introduced into an outdoor shellfish bed, the rich water is changed into pure water through the filter feeding activity of bivalves, and meanwhile, the unicellular algae is used as bait organisms to promote the growth of shellfish seedlings, so that the aquaculture wastewater is purified ectopically.
2. An outdoor large-scale intermediate breeding method of spat according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the outdoor shell bed is provided with an oxygenation device, a water inlet gate and a water discharge gate; the water inlet gate is communicated with the algae pond; the drainage gate is used for discharging purified rich water; the oxygen increasing device comprises an aerator pipe and an oxygen increasing machine, wherein the aerator pipe is used for increasing oxygen of the spat and preventing algae in the culture fertilizer water from sinking; the aerator is used for stirring and mixing rich water, and ensures that the rich water in the outdoor shellfish bed is uniform.
3. An outdoor large-scale intermediate breeding method of spat according to claim 2, characterized in that: the outdoor shellfish bed is also provided with a fry collecting tank; the fry collecting groove is arranged on the outer side of the outdoor shellfish bed and used for collecting the shellfish.
4. An outdoor large-scale intermediate breeding method of spat according to claim 2, characterized in that: the aerator adopts a waterwheel type aerator.
5. An outdoor large-scale intermediate breeding method of spat according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the method for cultivating the algae in the algae pond comprises the steps of splashing probiotics periodically in the algae pond to promote the decomposition of the cultivation wastewater and organic matters and convert the cultivation wastewater and the organic matters into nutrient components which can be absorbed by the algae, and utilizing the nutrient components to perform carbon sink effect to further promote the growth of the algae so as to cultivate the bait organisms of the bivalve shellfish.
6. An outdoor large-scale intermediate breeding method of spat according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the method for cultivating the algae in the algae pond comprises the step of splashing silicon fertilizer regularly to promote the directional growth of diatoms preferred by bivalve shellfish and increase the algae species diversity of diatoms.
7. An outdoor large-scale intermediate breeding method of spat according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the method for culturing the shrimps in the elevated pond comprises the step of periodically splashing probiotics in the elevated pond.
8. An outdoor large-scale intermediate breeding method of spat according to claim 5 or 7, characterized in that: the probiotics comprise bacillus and EM bacteria.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114557300A (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2022-05-31 | 山东省海洋科学研究院(青岛国家海洋科学研究中心) | Accurate shellfish fattening facility and fattening method |
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| CN101248766A (en) * | 2007-11-20 | 2008-08-27 | 广东海洋大学 | Shrimp-fish-shellfish-algae multiple cultivation and water quality biological regulate and control system thereof |
| CN106538435A (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2017-03-29 | 宁波大学 | A kind of winter grass shrimp constricta zoology cyclic culture method and device |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114557300A (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2022-05-31 | 山东省海洋科学研究院(青岛国家海洋科学研究中心) | Accurate shellfish fattening facility and fattening method |
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