CN111903504B - Method for breeding and identifying blue wheat of two-body additional line and blue grain wheat germplasm of translocation substitution line by using blue dwarf male sterile - Google Patents
Method for breeding and identifying blue wheat of two-body additional line and blue grain wheat germplasm of translocation substitution line by using blue dwarf male sterile Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application belongs to the technical field of breeding and identification, and relates to a method for breeding and identifying blue wheat of two-body additional line and blue wheat germplasm of translocation substitution line by using blue dwarf male sterile. The application provides a method for breeding two-body additional line blue wheat and alien substitution line blue wheat germplasm by directly pollinating blue dwarf by using blue-male sterile plants (or by carrying out radiation treatment on the blue-male sterile plants), and provides an alternative scheme for time-saving cultivation, and the breeding effect is high and the directionality is strong. The method for confirming the genetic type of the wheat is provided by carrying out indoor rooting and sprouting, root tip tissue flaking and chromosome observation under a microscope on the obtained whole blue grain fertile plants or the obtained stable blue wheat germplasm, and the identification method is simple and easy to realize.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of wheat breeding, and relates to a method for breeding and identifying blue wheat of two-body additional line and blue wheat germplasm of translocation substitution line by using blue dwarf male-sterile.
Background
Blue wheat contains anthocyanin with antioxidant function in aleurone layer and endosperm, and can enrich microelements such as zinc, iron, chromium, selenium and the like beneficial to human body from soil, so that the blue wheat has a strong health care effect. Wheat is a main ration crop for people in China, is the most main food for people in northern areas of China, and can solve the problem of 'hidden hunger' caused by unbalanced nutrients through the main food, so that the hidden health hazards are relieved. The method is communicated with the world health organization and the international grain and agriculture organization advocated by the world health organization and the international grain and agriculture organization, and solves the problems of insufficient and unbalanced nutrients such as trace elements, vitamins and the like through biological reinforcement.
Blue dwarf-male-sterile is a wheat sterile line which belongs to a dominant genic sterile line of a monomer additional line type, and comprises blue grains (4D/4E) and dwarf (Rht) 10 ) Anther abortion (Ms) 2 ) Three dominant traits are linked in 4D # On the chromosome monomer. In the process of blue dwarf male sterile backcross transformation, blue grain fertile plants with different numbers are frequently separated, which causes trouble to seed production work of wheat heterosis utilization (the fertile plants need to be pulled out in the process of producing seeds by utilizing blue dwarf male sterile line hybridization), and on the other hand, the blue wheat variety can be selected and bred by utilizing the blue grain fertile plants. However, research on the genetic characteristics and types of blue wheat varieties bred through the blue dwarf-male-sterile way is very lacking, and research on the breeding method and skill of blue wheat bred through blue dwarf-male-sterile is also limited, so that the research depth is far from enough in the aspects of improving the breeding efficiency of blue wheat varieties, the character predictability of bred varieties and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem that the genetic characteristics and type research of traditional blue wheat varieties are very lacking, the application provides a novel method for utilizing blue dwarf-male sterile selection and identifying the germplasm of two-body additional line blue wheat and translocation substitution line blue wheat.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the application is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a method for culturing the blue wheat of two-body additional line and the blue wheat of translocation substitution line by using blue dwarf-male-sterile plant includes such steps as pollinating the blue dwarf-male-sterile colony, sorting out the blue seeds (most of blue seeds) growing on the blue dwarf-male-sterile plant, further sorting out and planting the blue seeds, and choosing the whole blue-male-sterile plant in field. If the blue dwarf-male-sterile population is a stable blue dwarf-male-sterile population, the full blue-grain fertile strain is a stable blue wheat germplasm material (if the utilized blue dwarf-male-sterile is not stable yet, the blue-grain selected strain is required to be continuously bred to be stable according to a pedigree seed selection program). Blue wheat produced by blue dwarf-male-sterile which usually uses blue dwarf-male-sterile and has a high blue grain percentage (about half) in the grains thereof is mostly a 42-chromosome-related alien substitution blue wheat (example 1); blue wheat produced by the dwarf-male-sterile technique, which has a low blue grain ratio (1/4 to 1/3) in its grains, mostly belongs to the blue wheat line with 44 chromosome-two additional lines (example 2).
Specifically, M 2 F 1 The generation adopts mixed selection of all blue grain selection plants to construct mixed population, M 3 F 2 Generating key selected strains, namely, 4 groups of groups are formed by 4 kinds of mixed strains, and 10 key selected strains are selected and reserved in each kind; m is M 4 F 3 Selectively breeding key selected plants in subsequent generations according to a systematic seed selection program; as a breeding path backup, breeding the formed 4 mixed selection clusters according to a mixed selection program; at M 3 F 2 Carrying out genetic type identification and confirmation on the confirmed 40 key selected strains in advance, and carrying out indoor germination, root tip tissue flaking and chromosome observation under a microscope on the key selected strains, wherein blue wheat with 44 chromosomes is two-body additional line blue wheat; blue wheat with 42 chromosomes is ectopic substitution blue wheat
Preferably, in the current generation of selecting and finding blue-breeding plants, adjacent blue-dwarf plants are simultaneously bagged in a blue-dwarf isolation region, and the found blue-breeding plants are pollinated, so that the alien substitution line blue wheat or the two-body additional line blue wheat can be bred one year in advance.
Preferably, the basic material (blue dwarf male parent and blue female parent) for breeding the germplasm of the two-body additional line blue wheat and the alien substitution line blue wheat is carried out before sowing 60 C O r-ray (50% -60% lethal dose) treatment to increase the chances of breaking linkage, changing linkage position, and increasing trait exchange probability.
Preferably, the obtained whole blue grain fertile strain or the obtained stable blue wheat germplasm is subjected to germination and rooting of blue grain seeds, root tip tissue flaking and chromosome observation under a microscope, and the genetic type of the blue grain fertile strain or the obtained stable blue wheat germplasm is confirmed. Blue wheat with 44 chromosomes, which is a disomic additional line blue wheat; blue wheat with 42 chromosomes is alien substitution blue wheat.
The method can also be applied to breeding and identifying the two-body additional line blue wheat and the alien substitution line blue wheat strain by utilizing the blue-seed-quality.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the advantages and positive effects that:
1. the application provides a method for breeding blue wheat of two-body additional line blue wheat and alien substitution line blue wheat germplasm-a method for breeding blue wheat by pollinating a blue dwarf male sterile population by utilizing a blue sterile plant separated from a blue dwarf male sterile population, creates a new breeding thought, creatively provides a new blue wheat breeding method, and provides new possibility for increasing wheat consumption varieties.
2. The genetic type of the whole blue-grain fertile plants obtained in the breeding process can be confirmed early by carrying out indoor rooting and germination in advance, root tip tissue flaking and chromosome observation under a microscope, the method is simple, the accuracy is high, the implementation is easy, and the blindness of subsequent breeding is reduced.
3. The radiation treatment of the blue dwarf male sterile plants and the blue sterile plants increases the linkage breaking, the linkage position changing and the character exchange probability increasing, improves certain target characters of blue wheat and shortens the breeding period.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the application will be more clearly understood, a further description of the application will be provided with reference to specific examples. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, however, the present application may be practiced otherwise than as described herein, and therefore the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments of the disclosure that follow.
Example 1
The germplasm materials utilized in this embodiment are: blue dwarf male-sterile black horse No. 1, wheat No. 8 Blue light 。
The main method is as follows: with gene containing 4E/4D translocationsBlue wheat No. wheat No. 8 Blue light "as male parent, pollinate blue dwarf black horse No. 1 belonging to 4E/4D monomer additional line, before sowing 60 C O The parent is subjected to radiation treatment by 50-60% of lethal dose of r-ray, and then various blue grain wheat varieties which break linkage or recombine are searched and identified from the pollinated blue dwarf offspring, and the specific steps are as follows:
A.【M 0 acquisition and M 1 Generation of generation
Before sowing, respectively carrying out sowing on blue dwarf male black horse No. 1 and male parent No. wheat No. 8 Blue light Proceeding with 60 C O The r-ray is subjected to 50-60% lethal dose radiation treatment to increase the chances of breaking linkage, changing linkage position, increasing trait exchange probability and separating more genetic types. Adopts a 3-meter seeding belt (comprising 1 meter of reserved field walkway) to seed 6 passes in the middle 60 C O r-ray processed blue dwarf male-sterile black horse No. 1M 0 A row spacing of 25 cm, a row length of 3 m, single-grain dibbling, 30 grains/m, about 500 grains of blue dwarf-male-sterile population scale, and a row of male parent wheat No. 8 broadcast on both sides Blue light M 0 The male parent adopts 5-8 cm wide seedling zone 100 grains/m, and reserves 1 m wide walkway. Before heading and flower-lifting, an isolation area (about 2.2 meters wide) is built, two isolation walls are built on two sides of a pavement by using bamboo piles and iron wire plastic woven bags, and the pavement is about 0.8 meter so as to facilitate observation and walking. Lan Mai wheat No. 8 on either side Blue light And (and the separated blue-bred plants) are free to pollinate in a dwarf mode, and small bamboo poles are used for poking the plants to carry out supplementary pollination in the full bloom period. During maturation, seeds grown on the blue dwarf single plants are mainly harvested, mixed harvesting (almost all blue grains) is carried out, a small amount of white grains and thin blighted grains are sorted and removed, full blue grains are reserved, (the radiation-treated male parent blue wheat is singly harvested, and subsequent breeding is carried out according to a radiation breeding program, and the method does not belong to the category of the patent and is not discussed).
B.【M 2 F 1 Generation of generation
B1 The inventors analyzed: the generation is used as black horse No. 1 and wheat No. 8 Blue light The cross between the two varieties is F only 1 Generation, but not yet, the character separation recombination generation; but do asM for radiation treatment 2 The generation is the main generation breaking linkage, gene recombination and character expression, especially the generation in which the position of the 4D/4E translocation gene on the chromosome is possibly changed and the generation in which the blue-grain translocation alien substitution line and the blue-grain translocation disomic addition line are formed is also inherited, so that the generation is a generation needing moderate selection.
B2 Main method: sowing the blue seeds in autumn, using 3 rows of sowing buildings with sowing trays, adopting 4 kg of sowing quantity sowing trays, adopting 9 rows of zones, wherein the row spacing is 25 cm, the inter-zone is 0.5 m, the cell width is 2.5 m, the row length is 20m, and the cell area is 50m 2 About 6000 population sizes. And (3) conventional fertilizer and water management in the field, observing that most of plants are fertile plants in the heading and flowering period, freely pollinating part of blue dwarf male-sterile plants separated in the field, selecting single plants in a community near to maturity, and adopting a mixed seed selection procedure to select the most plants as possible. Selecting more than 600 single plants, and simply copying, eliminating single plants with blue and white seeds of the same plant, and single plants with light blue seed color, shrunken seed, uneven size and other seed defects, and single plants with high yield deviation and stalk quality deviation. 500 individual plants were kept from 600 selected plants, and autumn sowing was mixed.
And harvesting the seeds of the blue dwarf plants, sorting out the shrunken seeds such as white seeds, and sowing in autumn (according to the conditions of manpower and material resources) if necessary, and planting and selecting the seeds as same as the current year.
C 【M 3 F 2 Generation of generation
C1 The inventors analyzed: f (F) 2 The generation is the most critical generation for character separation, gene recombination and breeding selection, and the hybrid generation is treated by adopting a group mixed selection method and is most suitable for M 3 F 2 The generation, the workload is relatively small, and the seed selection effect is high.
C2 Main method: sowing the blue seeds in autumn, using 3 rows of sowing buildings with sowing trays, adopting 4 kg of sowing quantity sowing trays, adopting 18 rows of zones, 20 cm row spacing, 4.0 m cell width, 20m row length and 80m cell area 2 About 1 to 1.2 thousand population sizes. The conventional fertilizer and water management in the field,selecting single plants in a community near to maturity, mainly selecting excellent full blue plants, comprehensively inspecting the high yield, disease resistance, plant type length and the like of the selected plants, selecting single plants of different types (large spike and multiple spikes, middle stalk and middle dwarf, premature and middle premature and the like) as much as possible, and selecting multiple plants. From the above, 800-1000 single plants are selected, and single plants with inconsistent grain colors, single plants with light blue grain color, shrunken grain, uneven grain size and other grain defects, and single plants with high yield deviation and stalk quality deviation are eliminated by simple copying. In the seed copying process, the seed is divided into four major categories of large spikes, multiple spikes, short stalks and medium short stalks according to main characters, about 100 single plants in each category are selected and reserved to be mixed into groups, and the mixed sowing is carried out in autumn to form 4 group cells. According to the first 10 single plants of each category of seed copying and sorting as important attention objects, single sowing plant spike rows are prepared, and threshing is carried out according to single spikes.
C3 As blue grain recombination genetic type (belonging to 4D/4E translocation substitution line or two-body translocation addition line) has been determined, its progeny will not change, so for 40 individuals requiring separate ear rows, small amount of seeds are taken, indoor germination is performed, root tip flaking is performed, chromosome number is detected, 39 individuals belong to two-body addition line, and 1 individual belongs to substitution line (detected in large ear type).
D 【M 4 F 3 Subsequent generation
D1)M 4 F 3 The generation pairs are used for 40 single plants selected from 4 types, 5-8 spike rows are sown for each single plant, the row length is 2 meters, the row spacing is 25 cm, 10 single plants of the same type are planted adjacently, the quality of each plant line is comprehensively evaluated before wheat harvest, a key plant line is determined from each type (two plant lines are determined by large spike types, a translocation substitution line is reserved, a two-body additional line is selected), the spike rows of the single plant species are selected again, and the rest spike lines are replaced into a group mixed population. And breeding the subsequent generations of the key strains according to a systematic seed selection program until the subsequent generations are stable, and comparing the yields to obtain blue grain wheat varieties.
D2 4 kinds of mixed groups formed by mixing are planted according to groups, each sowing building is used for thin sowing to form a district, seeds to be sown in the next generation are simply selected from the district or selected and mixed, four and five generations are continuously sown, after the stable operation is performed, single plants are selected from each kind of group, field identification and yield comparison are uniformly performed on each kind of selected single plants, required blue wheat varieties are selected from the group, the group mixed selection is used as a backup method, the types of excellent varieties can be saved to the greatest extent, when certain defects exist in the blue wheat varieties selected from the key selected and remained plant systems, the single plants can be selected in the corresponding group in a targeted manner, and the relatively ideal blue wheat varieties are further bred.
E [ Breeding results ]
Through mixed selection, group selection and system selection procedures, two blue wheat varieties Am61 and Am62 are finally bred in the determined key strain.
E1 Blue wheat Am61, 4D/4E translocation line blue wheat raised from the large spike-type population. The variety belongs to a large spike type middle-stalk and semi-winter blue wheat variety. Rectangular ears, long miscanthus, glume, blue grains, the plant height is about 78 cm, the number of ears per mu is about 33 ten thousand, the number of ears is about 45, and the thousand grains weight is about 45 g.
E2 Blue wheat Am62, 4D/4E binary additional line blue wheat variety grown from multiple spike-type lines. The variety belongs to a multi-spike type winter blue wheat variety. The spindle is near to rectangular spike, long mango, glume and blue grain, the plant height is about 74 cm, the spike number per mu is about 42 ten thousand, the spike number is about 35, and the thousand grain weight is about 42 g.
Example 2 of the embodiment
In the embodiment 1, through the steps A and B, any common white grain wheat variety is selected as a backcross male parent by utilizing the blue dwarf obtained in the step B, blue grain (blue dwarf) is selected for continuous backcross, the sorted blue grain proportion of each plant line and the field blue-cultivated plant proportion are identified by each backcross generation, the genetic type of the bred blue dwarf is estimated according to the two proportions, and the two monomer ectopic additional line type blue dwarf and the translocation substitution line blue dwarf and the translocation line blue dwarf with higher proportion are bred; and secondly, selecting and breeding the two-body additional blue-grain wheat from the single ectopic additional line type blue dwarf, and obtaining the ectopic line type blue wheat from the ectopic line type blue dwarf. The method comprises the following specific steps:
【M 3 F 2 the generation is to find the marked sterile plant and regain the blue dwarf-male-sterile plant.
Sowing example 1 blue dwarf-male-sterile seeds (the seeds of which parents are subjected to radiation treatment and are granted with blue wheat pollen) obtained in the step B2 are sown for 6 rows in a sowing area of 1.5 m, 20 grains/m are sown on one grain, and common white grain varieties are sown on two sides of the seeds again as backcross male parents (black horse No. 1 is selected in the example), and are sown according to a 100 grain/m wide seedling zone. And (3) observing and early finding out sterile plants after jointing to the head of heading, pulling out adjacent fertile plants in the row, bagging the whole plant before heading, pollinating the plant with a black horse No. 1 in the glume opening period, removing the bagging after finishing field pollination, hanging a tag, harvesting according to a single plant when mature, sorting blue grains after harvesting, continuing planting, counting the respective proportion (%) of the blue grains and the white grains in the sorting process, and filling and registering the numbers of each selected plant.
【M 4 F 3 The generation is that the blue seed of each bagging blue dwarf single plant which is sorted according to the number sequence is planted in autumn, and the field layout of the generation is as follows: reserving a field pavement of 1.5 meters and a male parent row, sowing the blue dwarf male-sterile plants with a bandwidth of 1 meter, sowing the rows vertically to the pavement and the male parent row direction, sowing the single plants with a row length of 1 meter, sowing 4 rows per single plant, uniformly sowing all the selected blue dwarf male-sterile plants together with the male parent No. 1 black horse, arranging the male parent along the pavement direction, using bamboo piles, iron wire woven bags and other materials on the outer side of the male parent before heading, building a 1.2-1.3 meter high partition wall along the two sides of the pavement, removing the blue-sterile plants in the heading period, counting the proportion (%) of the fertile plants, and registering in a filling table. The wheat is used for picking up the wheat ears of the male parent for supplementary pollination in the full period of flowering, facilities of the isolation region are removed after pollination is finished, the male parent at one end is cut off, test activities such as field observation and recording are facilitated, when the wheat is mature, the wheat is singly harvested one by one according to the number of sowing, singly harvested and separated one by one, the wheat ears are singly stored one by one according to the number, blue grains and white grains are sorted, the proportion (%) of the blue grains is counted, and the wheat ears are registered according to the number filling table. According to the ratio of field fertile plants and the ratio of sorting blue grains, the plant systems with similar ratios are classified into one category, and the plant system numbers are re-pressed (but the file records the original single plant number and the recorded related data).
【M 5 F 4 The generation is that the blue-grain fertile plants are arranged in the order from low to high in autumn sowing. The field layout of the generation is as follows: reserving a small pavement of 1 meter, sowing the blue dwarf-male parent black horse No. 1 with a sowing area of 1.5 meters, sowing 6 rows of sorted blue dwarf-male parent black horse No. 1 with broad seedling with white grains, and sowing the blue dwarf-male parent black horse No. 1 with 1 row of broad seedling with white grains on two sides of the sowing area along the small pavement in the field. The generation is an important generation for observing and confirming the recombination exchange rate of the blue dwarf male sterile strain, and the population can be moderately amplified according to the seed quantity. Single-seed sowing, sowing at a plant spacing of 20 plants/m, 5 line areas and a line spacing of 20 cm, firstly sowing blue dwarf male parent, and then sowing 1 line of backcross male parent on each of two sides. Before heading and scattering, a partition wall is built, an isolation area is built, whether anthers exist or not is checked plant by plant after jointing, the fertile plants are strictly pulled out, statistical counting is carried out on the pulled-out fertile plants, and the proportion (%) of the blue-cultivated plants is confirmed. And after all pollination is finished, removing isolation facilities, and cutting off one row of male parents in advance. And (3) single harvesting and single threshing are carried out during maturation, blue grains are sorted, and all the works such as the blue grain proportion (%) are confirmed to be the same as the previous year.
【M 6 F 5 The generation autumn sowing is planted for one year according to the mode of the last year, the reliability of the data of the last year is checked, the blue grain exchange rate is confirmed according to the field blue-breeding plant proportion and the sorting blue grain proportion (two proportion) of each blue-dwarf-male-sterile plant line, and the genetic type of each blue-dwarf-male-sterile germplasm is confirmed according to the observation result of root tip tabletting chromosome.
The first step is to initially develop " MC2 Blue dwarf male-black horse No. 1 (upper left corner mark indicates blue granule shape exchange rate of 2%); " MC42 Blue dwarf male-sterile line No. 1 (the upper left corner mark indicates that the blue granule sex-state exchange rate is 42%) and two types of blue dwarf male-sterile lines. And a second step of:
1. by means of' MC2 Blue-dwarf-male-sterile black horse No. 1' seed selection of two-body additional line blue grain wheat
Sowing the seeds in autumn " MC2 Blue-dwarf-male-horse No. 1' sorted blue seeds are used, a 3-row sowing building with a sowing disc is used, 4 kg sowing quantity sowing discs are adopted, 9 row areas are adopted, the row spacing is 20 cm, the cell width is 2.0 m, the row length is 10 m, the population scale is about 2000 or more, the male parent No. 1 of the black horse is sowed on two sides, and the cell area is 20m 2 Constructing a partition wall and an isolation area before headingAnd bagging all whole blue-breeding plants (with pollution-proof blue dwarf male sterile population) which are in linkage, namely, 46 blue-breeding plants are selected, bagging and hanging are removed after pollination is finished, all blue-white grains are picked up during wheat harvest, mixed threshing is carried out, and the statistical blue grain accounts for 28.5%.
The blue grains sorted from the blue-cultivated plants are sown again in autumn, a 3-row sowing building with a sowing disc is used, a 4 kg sowing quantity sowing disc is adopted, 9-row areas are adopted, the row spacing is 20 cm, the cell width is 2.0 m, the row length is 10 m, the population scale is about 2000 or more, the field is conventionally managed, about 100 whole blue grains are selected and pulled out before the field is mature, indoor seed examination is carried out, the non-whole blue grains selected by mistake and the blue grains which are shallow are not full and tidy are eliminated, the seeds of the selected whole blue grains are mixed, the blue grains are blue grain near isogenic lines of the black horse No. 1, and the blue wheat is determined to be two-body additional line black horse No. 1 blue wheat with 44 chromosomes through indoor seed germination, root tip dyeing and chromosome microscopic examination.
2. By means of' MC42 Blue dwarf-male-sterile black horse No. 1' breeding 4D/4E translocation 4D # Substitution blue wheat
Sowing the seeds in autumn " MC42 Blue dwarf and male-sterile black horse No. 1' sorted blue seeds, the type blue dwarf and male-sterile plants with more blue-sterile plants are easy to break the linkage, so that the group size is not too large, a 6-row area, a row spacing of 25 cm, a cell width of 1.5 m and a row length of 3 m are adopted, single-seed dibbling, 30-seed/m and about 500-seed group size are adopted, black horse No. one male parent is sowed on two sides, a part of blue-sterile plants is selected to be covered with bags before heading, (the anti-pollution blue dwarf and male-sterile group is adopted), other blue-sterile plants without bags are removed after pollination is finished, the bags are removed and hung, all the plants are picked up during wheat harvest, mixed threshing is carried out, blue-white grains are sorted, and the statistical blue grain accounts for 53.5%.
Sowing the blue grains sorted from the blue-cultivated plants again in autumn, using a 3-row sowing building with a sowing disk, adopting a 4 kg sowing quantity sowing disk, adopting 9-row areas, a row spacing of 20 cm, a cell width of 2.0 m, a row length of 10 m, a population scale of about more than 2000, performing conventional management on a field, selecting and pulling up about 100 whole blue-grain single plants before maturity, checking seeds indoors, and eliminating errorSelecting non-whole blue single plant, and single plant with shallow blue color, and plump and untidy seed, mixing the selected whole blue single plant seeds, which are blue near isogenic line of black horse No. 1, germinating indoor seeds, dyeing root tip, tabletting, and inspecting with chromosome, and determining that the blue wheat is 4D with 42 chromosomes # The chromosomal translocation line was black horse # 1 blue wheat.
Description of the sources of the relevant germplasm materials used in the examples
The black horse No. 1 and the wheat No. 8 are all approved varieties in Shandong province.
The first blue dwarf male-sterile black horse is winter blue dwarf male-sterile (which can be obtained by paid transfer) which is obtained by transferring blue dwarf male-sterile 97-866 in the winter process of continuous backcrossing of blue dwarf male-sterile 97-866 by using the black horse No. 1 as a backcross male parent of a carrier of the Bo lover seed industry limited company;
blue dwarf-male-sterile 97-866 germplasm (published germplasm) belongs to spring-like blue dwarf-male-sterile, and is cooperatively utilized (available for paid transfer) by Zibo lover's germplasm company and Sichuan Liang mountain Yi nationality institute of Western Chang agricultural science.
wheat No. 8 Blue light Is a blue dwarf wheat 8 inbred line of wheat 8, which is bred from the process of utilizing wheat 8 as a backcross male parent, continuously backcrossing blue dwarf 97-866 and wintering genetic background by Zibo Aimin seed industry limited company. (available for paid transfer)
“ MC2 Blue dwarf male-sterile black horse No. 1' MC42 Two types of blue dwarf male sterile lines, namely blue dwarf black horse No. 1 and blue wheat wheat No. 8 (V8) Blue light ) The blue dwarf male sterile line with different genetic backgrounds is obtained by the double parent radiation treatment and serial breeding. (available for paid transfer)
The present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any equivalent embodiments which can be changed or modified by the technical content disclosed above can be applied to other fields, but any simple modification, equivalent changes and modification made to the above-mentioned embodiments according to the technical substance of the present application without departing from the technical content of the present application still belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present application.
Claims (2)
1. A method for culturing blue wheat of two-body additional line and translocation line blue wheat germplasm by using blue dwarf virus is characterized by using blue wheat No. wheat 8 containing 4E/4D translocation gene Blue light "as male parent, pollinate blue dwarf black horse No. 1 belonging to 4E/4D monomer additional line, before sowing 60 The parent is subjected to radiation treatment by CO r-ray with 50-60% lethal dose, and then various blue grain wheat varieties which break linkage or recombine are searched and identified from the pollinated blue dwarf offspring, and the specific steps are as follows:
A.M 0 acquisition and M 1 Generation of generation
Before sowing, respectively carrying out sowing on blue dwarf male black horse No. 1 and male parent No. wheat No. 8 Blue light Proceeding with 60 CO r-ray 50-60% lethal dose radiation treatment to increase the probability of breaking chain, changing chain position, increasing character exchange probability and separating more genetic types, 3 m sowing belt containing 1 m of reserved field walkway and 6 m sowing in the middle 60 CO r-ray treated blue dwarf male-sterile black horse No. 1M 0 A row spacing of 25 cm, a row length of 3 m, single-grain dibbling, 30 grains/m, a blue dwarf-male-sterile population scale of 500 grains, and a row of male parent wheat No. 8 on each side Blue light M 0 The male parent adopts 100 grains/m of 5-8 cm wide seedling zone, a walk with the width of 1 meter is reserved, an isolation area is built before heading and flower-lifting, the width of the isolation area is 2.2 meters, two isolation walls are built on two sides of the walk by bamboo piles and iron wire plastic woven bags, the walk is 0.8 meter, and Lan Mai wheat No. 8 on any two sides Blue light And the separated blue-cultivated plants are free to pollinate in a dwarf mode, and small bamboo poles are used for poking the plants to carry out supplementary pollination in the full bloom period; during maturation, seeds borne on the blue dwarf single plants are mainly harvested, mixed harvesting is carried out, a small amount of white grains and thin blighted grains existing in the seeds are sorted and removed, full blue grains are reserved, the radiation-treated male parent blue wheat is singly harvested, and subsequent breeding is carried out according to a radiation breeding program;
B .M 2 F 1 generation of generation
Sowing the blue seeds in autumn, using 3 rows of sowing buildings with sowing trays, adopting 4 kg of sowing quantity sowing trays, adopting 9 rows of zones, wherein the row spacing is 25 cm, the inter-zone is 0.5 m, the cell width is 2.5 m, the row length is 20m, and the cell area is 50m 2 6000 population sizes; the conventional fertilizer and water management in the field, observing that most of the plants are fertile plants in the heading and flowering period, freely pollinating part of blue dwarf male-sterile plants separated in the field and also any blue-sterile plants, selecting single plants in a district near to the maturity, and firstly adopting a mixed seed selection program to select the most plants as possible; selecting 600 single plants from the seeds, performing simple seed copying, eliminating the single plants with blue and white seeds of the same plant, and the single plants with light blue color, shrunken size and uneven size, and the single plants with high yield deviation and stalk quality deviation, reserving 500 single plants from 600 selected plants, and mixing autumn sowing;
and harvesting the seeds of the blue dwarf plants, sorting out white grains and shrunken grains, and sowing in autumn and planting and selecting the seeds as same as the year;
C.M 3 F 2 generation of generation
Sowing the blue seeds in autumn, using 3 rows of sowing buildings with sowing trays, adopting 4 kg of sowing quantity sowing trays, adopting 18 rows of zones, 20 cm row spacing, 4.0 m cell width, 20m row length and 80m cell area 2 1 to 1.2 thousand population sizes; selecting single plants in a community near to the mature time, selecting excellent full blue plants, comprehensively examining the high yield, disease resistance and plant type long phase of the selected plants, selecting different types of single plants as far as possible, and selecting multiple plants; selecting 800-1000 single plants, and eliminating single plants with inconsistent grain colors, single plants with lighter blue grains, shrunken grains and uneven grain defects, and single plants with high yield deviation and stalk quality deviation from the same plants by simple copying; in the seed copying process, dividing the seed copying process into four major categories of large spikes, multiple spikes, short stalks and medium short stalks according to main characters, selecting 100 single plants for each category to be mixed into groups, mixing and sowing the seed in autumn into 4 group cells, taking the first 10 single plants of each category of seed copying sequence as important attention objects, preparing single sowing plant spike rows, and threshing according to the single spikes;
D.M 4 F 3 and subsequent generation
D1)M 4 F 3 The generation is to seed 5-8 spike rows of 40 single plants selected from 4 types, the row length is 2 meters, the row spacing is 25 cm, 10 single plants of the same type are planted adjacently, the merits of each plant line are comprehensively evaluated before wheat harvest, an important plant line is determined from each type, two plant lines are determined by the large spike type, a translocation substitution line is reserved, one two body additional line is selected, the spike rows of single plants are selected again, the rest spike lines are replaced into a group mixed population, the subsequent generation of the important plant line is bred until stable according to a systematic seed selection program, and the yield comparison is carried out to breed blue wheat varieties;
d2 4 kinds of mixed groups formed by mixing are planted according to groups, each sowing building is used for thin sowing to form a district, seeds to be sown in the next generation are selected from the groups or plants are selected and mixed, four and five generations are sown continuously, after the stability is achieved, single plants are selected from each kind of groups, field identification and yield comparison are carried out on each kind of selected single plants uniformly, required blue wheat varieties are selected from the selected single plants, the mixed selection of groups is used as a backup method, the types of excellent varieties can be preserved to the greatest extent, when certain defects exist in the blue wheat varieties selected from key selected plant systems, the single plants can be selected in the corresponding groups in a targeted manner, and the blue wheat varieties are further bred into relatively ideal blue wheat varieties;
E. breeding results
Through mixed selection, group selection and system selection procedures, two blue wheat varieties Am61 and Am62 are finally bred in the determined key strain;
blue wheat Am61 is 4D/4E translocation substitution blue wheat bred from large spike type population, and belongs to large spike type middle-stalk and semi-winter blue wheat varieties, rectangular spikes, long awns, glumes, blue grains, plant height of 78 cm, per mu spike number of 33 ten thousand, spike number of 45 grains and thousand grain weight of 45 g;
blue wheat Am62 is a 4D/4E two-body additional line blue wheat variety bred from a multi-spike type strain, and belongs to a multi-spike winter blue wheat variety; spindle is near rectangular spike, long mango, glume, blue grain, plant height of 74 cm, spike number of 42 ten thousand per mu, spike number of 35 grains, thousand grains weight of 42 g.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of:
F. M 3 F 2 generation of generation
B, sowing 6 rows in a sowing area of 1.5 m of the blue dwarf-male-sterile seeds obtained in the sowing step, sowing 20 grains/m in a single grain, and sowing the black horse No. 1 variety on two sides as a backcross male parent according to a 100 grain/m wide seedling zone; observing and finding early to confirm sterile plants after jointing to the head of a heading, removing adjacent fertile plants in a row, bagging the whole plant before heading, pollinating the plant with a black horse No. 1 in a glume opening period, removing the bagging after finishing field pollination, hanging a tag, harvesting according to a single plant when mature, sorting blue grains after harvesting, continuing planting, counting the respective proportion of the blue grains to the white grains in a sorting process, and filling a table for each selected plant number;
M 4 F 3 generation of generation
Planting blue seed of each bagging blue dwarf single plant which is sorted in summer according to the sequence of numbers in autumn sowing, wherein the field layout of the generation is as follows: reserving a field pavement of 1.5 m and a male parent row, wherein the sowing bandwidth of the blue dwarf male-sterile plants is 1 m, the row direction is vertical to the pavement and the male parent row direction, the single-grain sowing row length is 1 m, each single plant is 4 rows, all selected blue dwarf male-sterile plants are uniformly sown to form a common male parent black horse No. 1, the male parent is along the pavement direction, the male parent is arranged outside the male parent before heading, bamboo piles and iron wire woven bag materials are used along the two sides of the pavement, a partition wall with the height of 1.2-1.3 m is built, the blue-sterile plants are pulled out in the heading period, the occupation ratio of the fertile plants is counted, the filling list is registered;
M 5 F 4 generation of generation
The blue-grain fertile plants are arranged in the order from low to high in the autumn sowing process;
the field layout of the generation is as follows: reserving a small walk of 1 meter, sowing 6 rows of sorted blue dwarf-male-sterile blue grains, sowing the seeds in the small walk of the field along the row direction, sowing 1 row of broad-seedling with white grain back-cross male parent No. 1 on two sides, observing and confirming the important generation of the recombination exchange rate of the blue dwarf-male-sterile blue plants in the generation, properly amplifying the population according to the seed quantity, sowing the single grains at a plant spacing of 20 plants/meter, 5 rows of regions and row spacing of 20 centimeters, sowing the blue dwarf-male-sterile plants first, sowing 1 row of back-cross male parent on two sides later, building a separation wall before heading and scattering the powder, establishing the separation region, checking whether anthers exist or not by each plant after jointing, strictly removing the fertile plants, counting the extracted fertile plants, confirming the proportion of the blue-male-sterile plants, removing the separation facility after all pollination ends, cutting off one row of male parent in advance, singly harvesting and removing the blue grains when maturing, and confirming the proportion of the blue grains to work for the same year;
M 6 F 5 generation of generation
Autumn sowing is carried out for one year according to the mode of the last year, the reliability of data of the last year is checked, the blue grain exchange rate is confirmed according to the field blue-breeding plant ratio and the sorting blue grain ratio of each blue-dwarf-male-sterile plant line, and the genetic type of each blue-dwarf-male-sterile germplasm is confirmed through the root tip tabletting chromosome observation result.
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