CN111892451A - Organic fertilizer for dry seedling of full-nutrition rice and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Organic fertilizer for dry seedling of full-nutrition rice and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111892451A CN111892451A CN202010840583.4A CN202010840583A CN111892451A CN 111892451 A CN111892451 A CN 111892451A CN 202010840583 A CN202010840583 A CN 202010840583A CN 111892451 A CN111892451 A CN 111892451A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/05—Treatments involving invertebrates, e.g. worms, flies or maggots
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses an organic fertilizer for dry seedling of total nutrient rice, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 2-5% of compound microbial agent, 3-8% of modified expanded vermiculite powder, 5-12% of leavening agent, 25-35% of straw, 18-30% of domestic sludge, 1-3% of lime water, 10-15% of urea and the balance of water. The organic fertilizer takes domestic sludge and straws as main raw materials, and in order to improve the nutritional value of the organic fertilizer, the domestic sludge and the straws are fermented by adopting a compound microbial agent and earthworms, and modified expanded vermiculite powder and a bulking agent are also added. The special compound microbial agent component is combined with the effective components in the modified expanded vermiculite powder and the straws, so that the prevention and treatment effect on parasite diseases and insect pests can be effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rice organic fertilizers, in particular to an organic fertilizer for dry seedling of full-nutrition rice and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The dry seedling cultivation technology of rice has the main advantages of short seedling age, strong seedlings and convenient management. The machine can be inserted, the manual insertion is carried out, the work efficiency is high, and the quality is good. The seedlings can be grown intensively and the production is specialized. Saves seeds and water and has high economic benefit.
At present, the rice dry seedling cultivation technology is comprehensively popularized and applied for many years, but in the rice seedling raising and transplanting process, due to the fact that no practical and effective seedling bed is used for delivering a striking root fertilizer product to be popularized and used, the striking root fertilizer is applied after the rice seedling is transplanted, nutrient supply loss is caused in the rice seedling transplanting process and in the period of 5-7 days later, the striking root seedling stage of rice seedlings is too long, after dragging occurs in effective tillering, diseases such as rice damping off and rice blast are easily caused, and the quality, the yield and the production benefit of rice are influenced.
In order to improve the quality, yield and production benefit of dry-raised seedlings of rice, an organic fertilizer for the dry-raised seedlings of the full-nutrition rice needs to be researched.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides an organic fertilizer for dry seedling of full-nutrition rice.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an organic fertilizer for dry seedling of full-nutrition rice comprises the following components: the composite microbial agent comprises a composite microbial agent, modified expanded vermiculite powder, a traditional Chinese medicine extract, straws, domestic sludge, lime water, urea and water.
Preferably, the organic fertilizer for the dry seedling of the total nutrient rice consists of the following components in percentage by weight: 2-5% of compound microbial agent, 3-8% of modified expanded vermiculite powder, 5-12% of leavening agent, 25-35% of straw, 18-30% of domestic sludge, 1-3% of lime water, 10-15% of urea and the balance of water.
Preferably, the compound microbial agent consists of pseudomonas aeruginosa, azotobacter, potassium bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacillus megaterium and streptomyces.
Preferably, the content of each microorganism in the compound microorganism bacterium agent is as follows: pseudomonas aeruginosa (6-8) 108Nitrogen fixing bacterium (2-3) 10/mL8Bacteria (2-3) 10. sup./mL, potassium-solubilizing bacteria8Bacillus megaterium per mL (2-3) 108each/mL and streptomycete (1-2) × 108one/mL.
Preferably, the preparation method of the modified expanded vermiculite powder comprises the following steps: calcining raw vermiculite at 800-; adding 5-8 wt% of acrylate solution (mass concentration of 15-22%) and 1-2 wt% of glycerol into the dried expanded vermiculite powder, stirring at 4000-.
Preferably, the leavening agent is saw powder.
Preferably, the straws are plant straws which are cut into 2-8cm in length by a cutting machine, and are subjected to cutting and impurity removal.
Preferably, the preparation method of the organic fertilizer for the dry seedling of the total nutrient rice comprises the following steps:
A. adding water into the composite microbial agent, the straws and the domestic sludge, uniformly stirring, adding earthworms with the water content of 30-35 wt% for composting fermentation, setting a stack body to be in a rectangular belt shape, performing digestion process for 40-45 days, and screening the earthworms;
B. adding modified expanded vermiculite powder, stirring, fermenting, turning over when the temperature of the pile is increased to 70-75 ℃ and lasts for more than 1h, fermenting for 10-15 days, and adding a proper amount of leavening agent to adjust the C/N ratio to 25-30;
C. adding urea and lime water into the fermented fertilizer, stirring for 1-2h, controlling the temperature to be 40-45 ℃ in the stirring process, and cooling to normal temperature to obtain the fertilizer.
The invention has the advantages that: the invention relates to an organic fertilizer for dry seedling of total nutrient rice, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 2-5% of compound microbial agent, 3-8% of modified expanded vermiculite powder, 5-12% of leavening agent, 25-35% of straw, 18-30% of domestic sludge, 1-3% of lime water, 10-15% of urea and the balance of water. The organic fertilizer takes domestic sludge and straws as main raw materials, and in order to improve the nutritional value of the organic fertilizer, the domestic sludge and the straws are fermented by adopting a compound microbial agent and earthworms, and modified expanded vermiculite powder and a bulking agent are also added. The special compound microbial agent component is combined with the effective components in the modified expanded vermiculite powder and the straws, so that the prevention and treatment effect on parasite diseases and insect pests can be effectively improved.
Detailed Description
Example 1
An organic fertilizer for dry seedling of full-nutrition rice comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 2.8% of compound microbial agent, 5.5% of modified expanded vermiculite powder, 8% of leavening agent, 32% of straw, 26% of domestic sludge, 1.5% of lime water, 12% of urea and the balance of water.
The compound microbial agent consists of 20 percent of pseudomonas aeruginosa, 20 percent of azotobacter, 20 percent of potassium bacteria, 20 percent of phosphate-solubilizing bacillus megaterium and 20 percent of streptomyces. The pseudomonas aeruginosa is pseudomonas aeruginosa Sneb179 disclosed in Chinese invention patent CN 102108338A.
The content of each microorganism in the compound microorganism bacterium agent is as follows: pseudomonas aeruginosa 6.5 x 108Nitrogen fixing bacteria 2.8 x 10 per mL8Bacteria per mL, potassium bacteria 2.5 x 108Bacillus megaterium 2.2 x 10 per mL, phosphate solubilizing8one/mL and Streptomyces 1.7 x 108one/mL.
The preparation method of the modified expanded vermiculite powder comprises the following steps: calcining raw vermiculite at 850 ℃ for 3.5 hours, taking out, cooling, crushing, sieving by a 200-mesh sieve, soaking by using a hydrogen peroxide solution with the concentration of 18% for 11 hours, washing by using deionized water to be neutral, drying, soaking by using a hydrochloric acid solution with the concentration of 2.5% for 2.5 hours, washing by using deionized water to be neutral, and drying; adding an acrylate solution (with the mass concentration of 18%) and 1.5% of glycerol which are equivalent to 7% of the weight of the dried expanded vermiculite powder, stirring for 30min at the rotating speed of 4850rpm, drying and grinding into nanometer powder to obtain the modified expanded vermiculite powder.
The leavening agent is saw powder.
The straws are cut by a cutting machine into 2-8cm long straws, and the mass ratio of the cut and impurity-removed rice straws to alfalfa straws is 2: 1.
The urea consists of the following components: 30% of urea, 20% of monoammonium phosphate, 15% of potassium chloride, 30% of ammonium chloride and 5% of ammonium bicarbonate.
The preparation method of the organic fertilizer for the dry seedling of the total nutrient rice comprises the following steps:
A. adding water into the composite microbial agent, the straws and the domestic sludge, uniformly stirring, adding earthworms to the mixture to perform composting fermentation with the water content of 32 wt%, setting the compost body to be in a rectangular band shape, performing digestion for 42 days, and screening the earthworms;
B. adding modified expanded vermiculite powder, stirring uniformly, continuing fermentation, turning over when the temperature of the pile is increased to 72 ℃ and lasts for more than 1h, fermenting for 12 days, and adding a proper amount of leavening agent to adjust the C/N ratio to 28;
C. adding urea and lime water into the fermented fertilizer, stirring for 1.5h, controlling the temperature to be 43 ℃ in the stirring process, and cooling to normal temperature.
Example 2
An organic fertilizer for dry seedling of full-nutrition rice comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 5% of compound microbial agent, 3% of modified expanded vermiculite powder, 12% of leavening agent, 25% of straw, 30% of domestic sludge, 1% of lime water, 15% of urea and the balance of water.
The compound microbial agent consists of 30 percent of pseudomonas aeruginosa microbial agent, 15 percent of azotobacter, 15 percent of potassium bacteria, 15 percent of phosphate-solubilizing bacillus megaterium and 25 percent of streptomyces. The pseudomonas aeruginosa is pseudomonas aeruginosa Sneb179 disclosed in Chinese invention patent CN 102108338A.
The content of each microorganism in the compound microorganism bacterium agent is as follows: pseudomonas aeruginosa 6 x 108Nitrogen fixing bacteria 3 x 10 per mL8Per mL, potassium-decomposing bacterium 2 x 108Bacillus megaterium 3 x 10 per mL, phosphate solubilizing8one/mL and Streptomyces 1 x 108one/mL.
The preparation method of the modified expanded vermiculite powder comprises the following steps: calcining raw vermiculite at 900 ℃ for 3 hours, taking out, cooling, crushing, sieving by a 200-mesh sieve, soaking by using 25% hydrogen peroxide solution for 10 hours, washing by using deionized water to be neutral, drying, soaking by using 5% hydrochloric acid solution for 2 hours, washing by using deionized water to be neutral, and drying; adding an acrylate solution (with the mass concentration of 15%) and 2% of glycerol which are equivalent to 8% of the weight of the dried expanded vermiculite powder, stirring for 35min at the rotating speed of 4000rpm, drying and grinding into nanometer powder to obtain the modified expanded vermiculite powder.
The leavening agent is saw powder.
The straws are rice straws which are cut into lengths of 2-8cm by a cutting machine, and are subjected to cutting and impurity removal.
The preparation method of the organic fertilizer for the dry seedling of the total nutrient rice comprises the following steps:
A. adding water into the composite microbial agent, the straws and the domestic sludge, uniformly stirring, adding earthworms to the mixture to perform composting fermentation, setting a stack body to be in a rectangular belt shape, performing digestion process for 40 days, and screening the earthworms;
B. adding modified expanded vermiculite powder, stirring uniformly, continuing to ferment, turning over the fertilizer when the temperature of the pile is raised to 75 ℃ and lasts for more than 1h, fermenting for 10 days, and adding a proper amount of leavening agent to adjust the C/N ratio to 30;
C. adding urea and lime water into the fermented fertilizer, stirring for 1h, controlling the temperature to be 45 ℃ in the stirring process, and cooling to normal temperature.
Example 3
An organic fertilizer for dry seedling of full-nutrition rice comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 2% of compound microbial agent, 8% of modified expanded vermiculite powder, 5% of leavening agent, 35% of straw, 18% of domestic sludge, 3% of lime water, 10% of urea and the balance of water.
The compound microbial agent consists of 28 percent of pseudomonas aeruginosa, 15 percent of azotobacter, 17 percent of potassium bacteria, 20 percent of phosphate-solubilizing bacillus megaterium and 20 percent of streptomyces. The pseudomonas aeruginosa is pseudomonas aeruginosa Sneb179 disclosed in Chinese invention patent CN 102108338A.
The content of each microorganism in the compound microorganism bacterium agent is as follows: pseudomonas aeruginosa 8 x 108Nitrogen fixing bacteria 2 x 10 per mL8Percoll/mL, potassium-decomposing bacterium 3 x 108Bacillus megaterium 2 x 10 per mL, phosphate solubilizing8one/mL and Streptomyces 2 x 108one/mL.
The preparation method of the modified expanded vermiculite powder comprises the following steps: calcining raw vermiculite at 800 ℃ for 5 hours, taking out, cooling, crushing, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, soaking with 15% hydrogen peroxide solution for 12 hours, washing with deionized water to neutrality, drying, soaking with 2% hydrochloric acid solution for 3 hours, washing with deionized water to neutrality, and drying; adding 5 wt% of acrylate solution (mass concentration of 22%) and 1 wt% of glycerol into the dried expanded vermiculite powder, stirring at 5000rpm for 25min, drying, and grinding into nanopowder to obtain the modified expanded vermiculite powder.
The leavening agent is saw powder.
The straws are wheat straws which are cut into 2-8cm long by a cutting machine and are subjected to impurity removal.
The preparation method of the organic fertilizer for the dry seedling of the total nutrient rice comprises the following steps:
A. adding water into the composite microbial agent, the straws and the domestic sludge, uniformly stirring, adding earthworms to the mixture to perform composting fermentation with the water content of 30 wt%, setting a stack body to be in a rectangular belt shape, performing digestion for 45 days, and screening the earthworms;
B. adding modified expanded vermiculite powder, stirring uniformly, continuing to ferment, turning over the fertilizer when the temperature of the pile is raised to 70 ℃ and lasts for more than 1h, fermenting for 15 days, and adding a proper amount of leavening agent to adjust the C/N ratio to 25;
C. adding urea and lime water into the fermented fertilizer, stirring for 2h, controlling the temperature to be 40 ℃ in the stirring process, and cooling to normal temperature.
Comparative example 1
The pseudomonas aeruginosa in the embodiment 1 is removed, and the rest proportion and the preparation method are unchanged.
Comparative example 2
The pseudomonas aeruginosa Sneb179 in the example 1 is replaced by the commercially available pseudomonas aeruginosa TCC9027, and the rest proportion and the preparation method are unchanged.
The organic fertilizers of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2 were tested as follows to obtain the following test data, and the specific data are shown in table 1.
Table 1: data on the examination of the organic fertilizers of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2;
the test data show that the organic fertilizer disclosed by the invention is rich in nutrition and has a very good inhibition effect on parasitic ova and escherichia coli.
Finally, it should be noted that: it should be understood that the above examples are only for clearly illustrating the present application and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of this type are intended to be covered by the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An organic fertilizer for dry seedling of full-nutrition rice is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 2-5% of compound microbial agent, 3-8% of modified expanded vermiculite powder, 5-12% of leavening agent, 25-35% of straw, 18-30% of domestic sludge, 1-3% of lime water, 10-15% of urea and the balance of water.
2. The organic fertilizer for dry seedling of the total nutrient rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein the compound microbial agent consists of pseudomonas aeruginosa, azotobacter, potassium bacteria, phosphorus-solubilizing bacillus megaterium and streptomyces.
3. The organic fertilizer for dry seedling of the total nutrient rice as claimed in claim 2, wherein the content of each microorganism in the compound microorganism bacterium agent is as follows: pseudomonas aeruginosa (6-8) 108Nitrogen fixing bacterium (2-3) 10/mL8Bacteria (2-3) 10. sup./mL, potassium-solubilizing bacteria8Bacillus megaterium per mL (2-3) 108each/mL and streptomycete (1-2) × 108one/mL.
4. The organic fertilizer for dry seedlings of the total nutrient rice as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the preparation method of the modified expanded vermiculite powder comprises the following steps: calcining raw vermiculite at 800-; adding 5-8 wt% of acrylate solution (mass concentration of 15-22%) and 1-2 wt% of glycerol into the dried expanded vermiculite powder, stirring at 4000-.
5. The organic fertilizer for dry seedlings of full-nutrition rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein the leavening agent is sawdust powder.
6. The organic fertilizer for dry seedling of the total nutrient rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein the straws are plant straws which are cut into 2-8cm long by a cutting machine and are subjected to impurity removal.
7. A preparation method of an organic fertilizer for dry seedling of full-nutrition rice is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. adding water into the composite microbial agent, the straws and the domestic sludge, uniformly stirring, adding earthworms with the water content of 30-35 wt% for composting fermentation, setting a stack body to be in a rectangular belt shape, performing digestion process for 40-45 days, and screening the earthworms;
B. adding modified expanded vermiculite powder, stirring, fermenting, turning over when the temperature of the pile is increased to 70-75 ℃ and lasts for more than 1h, fermenting for 10-15 days, and adding a proper amount of leavening agent to adjust the C/N ratio to 25-30;
C. adding urea and lime water into the fermented fertilizer, stirring for 1-2h, controlling the temperature to be 40-45 ℃ in the stirring process, and cooling to normal temperature to obtain the fertilizer.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113135777A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-07-20 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | On-site harmless treatment method for fruit and vegetable wastes |
| CN113277916A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-08-20 | 高斌 | Special nutrient fertilizer for fruit tomatoes and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113135777A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-07-20 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | On-site harmless treatment method for fruit and vegetable wastes |
| CN113277916A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-08-20 | 高斌 | Special nutrient fertilizer for fruit tomatoes and preparation method thereof |
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