Flow divider and flow dividing method
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the technical field of agricultural product harvesting equipment, in particular to a flow divider and a flow dividing method for realizing quick and efficient fruit collection during mechanized harvesting of agricultural products.
Background art:
with the technological progress and development, the production and processing of agricultural products such as garlic, onions, potatoes, peanuts and the like are gradually developed towards mechanization and intellectualization, wherein the mechanical harvester for harvesting the mature agricultural products has been successfully researched and developed and is well popularized and applied, and the mechanical harvesters such as garlic harvesters, onion harvesters and the like are generally applied in China.
The mechanical harvester has the working core that agricultural products are separated from stems and stalks by adopting a mechanical means and are separately collected, the conventional collection mode is that the agricultural products are directly conveyed into a storage bin (carried on the mechanical harvester) by a lifting and conveying device, the agricultural products in the storage bin are guided out by an agricultural vehicle to be conveyed to a home after the storage bin is fully collected, and then bagging treatment is carried out at the home. Obviously above-mentioned collection mode is not only loaded down with trivial details, waste time and energy, and storage silo occupation space, increase the load moreover, in order to solve above-mentioned not enough, current mechanized harvester has changed the agricultural product collection mode, directly the bagging-off processing at conveying mechanism end promptly, then directly transports the agricultural product of bagging-off to home, and this kind of collection mode of online bagging-off is labour saving and time saving more.
Although the on-line bagging collection method has remarkable advantages, the method also has outstanding problems in practical use: the line bagging speed in unit time is seriously lagged behind the harvest quantity of agricultural products, the root cause of the problem is that a mechanized harvester generally harvests a plurality of rows of agricultural products at the same time in order to improve the harvesting efficiency, so the harvest quantity of the agricultural products in unit time is very large, the tail end of a lifting and conveying device is only provided with a bagging opening, when the bag is replaced, the bagging opening is firstly cut off, then the bag filled with fruits is knotted and moved away from the bagging opening, a new bag is replaced after the bag filled with the fruits is processed, the bagging opening needs to be opened again for bagging after the new bag is replaced, the series of operations are mainly completed by 2-3 persons, the manual operation needs the operation time, and the harvest quantity of the agricultural products in the operation time is very large, a large amount of agricultural products are accumulated in the bagging opening, the agricultural products can overflow the bagging opening, even the agricultural products can be blocked in a conveying mechanism, eventually leading to a shutdown process. In order to match the bagging speed, the mechanical harvester has to reduce the travelling speed, reduce the yield of agricultural products in unit time and meet the online bagging requirement at the expense of the harvesting efficiency. Therefore, there is a need to improve and optimize the existing online bagging method so as to complete online bagging on the premise of ensuring the harvesting efficiency.
The above description is included in the technical recognition scope of the inventors, and does not necessarily constitute the prior art.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and provides a flow divider and a flow dividing method, which have the advantages of reasonable structural design, automatic flow dividing, multi-point bagging, high bagging efficiency and the like.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:
a flow diverter, comprising:
the conveying mechanism is used for receiving and conveying materials, a plurality of intercepting mechanisms are arranged above the conveying mechanism at intervals along the material conveying direction, the intercepting mechanisms gradually intercept the materials along the material conveying direction until the materials are completely intercepted, and each intercepting mechanism is correspondingly provided with a discharge hole;
and the closure mechanism is used for closing off the materials on the conveying mechanism and guiding the closed-off materials to the corresponding discharge hole.
Conveying mechanism one end is established to connect the material district, the discharge gate sets up conveying mechanism's one side.
The conveying mechanism comprises a rack, a conveying driving belt wheel and a conveying driven belt wheel are arranged on the rack at intervals, a conveying belt used for receiving and conveying materials is connected between the conveying driving belt wheel and the conveying driven belt wheel, and the conveying driving belt wheel is connected with a conveying hydraulic motor through chain transmission.
Connect the material district to set up conveyer belt one end, the frame corresponds the one end that is equipped with connect the material district is equipped with the baffle.
The intercepting mechanism is horizontally vertical to the conveying mechanism.
Preferably, the intercepting mechanism is horizontally and obliquely arranged on the conveying mechanism, and the oblique direction of the intercepting mechanism is opposite to the material conveying direction.
The mechanism of damming is including installing support dams in the frame, the interval is equipped with the driving pulley and the driven pulley that dams on the support that dams, it is equipped with the guidance tape that dams to dam between driving pulley and the driven pulley that dams, the guidance tape that dams will dam the material direction rather than the discharge gate that corresponds, the driving pulley that dams is connected with the hydraulic motor that dams.
The utility model discloses a set up the support that dams, include that the support that dams is equipped with the elasticity adjustment mechanism between the support that dams, the driven pulleys that dams with it is equipped with elasticity adjustment mechanism to dam between the support, elasticity adjustment mechanism include with the regulation seat that the driven pulleys is connected dams with set up waist type hole and fixing base on the support that dams, adjust the seat with be equipped with adjusting screw and adjusting nut between the fixing base.
The intercepting mechanism is characterized in that the intercepting driving belt wheel and the intercepting driven belt wheel on different intercepting mechanisms are different in distance.
The intercepting guide belt is vertically perpendicular to the conveying mechanism.
Preferably, the intercepting guide belt is obliquely arranged on the conveying mechanism, and the intercepting guide belt is obliquely arranged towards one side of the intercepting guide belt contacting with the materials.
One end of the intercepting guide belt close to the discharge hole exceeds the boundary of the conveying belt.
At least one closure bracket of the closure mechanism is movably connected with the rack, one end of the closure bracket is hinged with the rack, the other end of the closure bracket is provided with an inclined adjusting hole A, the rack is provided with an inclined adjusting hole B matched with the inclined adjusting hole A for use, and a fastener for fastening the closure bracket and the rack is arranged between the inclined adjusting hole A and the inclined adjusting hole B.
Two intercepting mechanisms are arranged above the conveying mechanism at intervals along the material conveying direction, the intercepting mechanism close to the material receiving area firstly intercepts partial materials, and the other intercepting mechanism intercepts the rest of all the materials.
The shunting method comprises the following steps:
firstly, receiving and conveying materials;
and secondly, gradually intercepting the materials along the material conveying direction until the materials are completely intercepted, and directly guiding and collecting the intercepted materials each time of interception.
By adopting the structure, the invention can bring the following beneficial effects:
(1) through design conveying mechanism and rather than a plurality of mechanisms that dams of complex can realize shunting the material in the transportation process of material and handle, can realize a plurality of exports after the reposition of redundant personnel and collect the material, and then show the collection efficiency who improves the material, the shunt of this application overturns the online bagging-off design theory of tradition, and fundamentally solves the slow problem of online bagging-off speed to the realization is accomplished online bagging-off under the prerequisite of guaranteeing mechanized harvester results efficiency.
(2) Through with the horizontal slope setting of mechanism that dams on conveying mechanism, not only be favorable to more damming the material, be favorable to moreover damming the guidance tape in time with material direction discharge gate, improve and derive efficiency.
(3) Through the setting of guiding band slope that will damming, the clearance that realizes that guiding band and one side bottom and the conveyer belt that the material contacted are lighter than the clearance of opposite side and conveyer belt, the advantage of design like this is that debris such as weeds, stalk and stem can not twine into on the driving pulley that dams and/or the driven pulley that dams generally.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a diverter according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the diverter of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the diverter of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the diverter of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion A of FIG. 4;
in the figure, 1, a conveying mechanism, 101, a frame, 102, a conveying driving belt wheel, 103, a conveying driven belt wheel, 104, a conveying belt, 105, a conveying hydraulic motor, 106, a chain transmission, 2, an intercepting mechanism, 201, an intercepting bracket, 202, an intercepting driving belt wheel, 203, an intercepting driven belt wheel, 204, an intercepting guide belt, 205, an intercepting hydraulic motor, 206, an inclined adjusting hole A, 207, an inclined adjusting hole B, 208, a fastener, 3, a discharging hole, 4, a material receiving area, 5, a baffle, 6, a tightness adjusting mechanism, 601, an adjusting seat, 602, a waist-shaped hole, 603, a fixed seat, 604, an adjusting screw rod, 605 and an adjusting nut.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
in order to more clearly explain the overall concept of the invention, the following detailed description is given by way of example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and therefore the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments.
Furthermore, the terms "one end," "one side," "the other side," "A," "B," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicit to a location of an indicated technical feature.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "provided," "designed," "provided," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly attached, detachably attached, or integrally formed; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, the term "material" in the present application refers to crop fruits, such as garlic bulbs of garlic, onion bulbs of onion, etc.
As shown in fig. 1-5, a flow diverter comprising:
the conveying mechanism 1 is used for receiving and conveying materials, a plurality of intercepting mechanisms 2 are arranged above the conveying mechanism 1 at intervals along the material conveying direction, the intercepting mechanisms 2 gradually intercept the materials along the material conveying direction until the materials are completely intercepted, and each intercepting mechanism 2 is correspondingly provided with a discharge hole 3;
and the intercepting mechanism 2 is used for intercepting the materials on the conveying mechanism 1 and guiding the intercepted materials to the corresponding discharge hole 3. Through design conveying mechanism 1 and rather than a plurality of mechanisms 2 that dams of complex can realize shunting the material in the transportation process of material, can realize after the reposition of redundant personnel that a plurality of exports carry out online bagging-off and collect the material, and then show the online bagging-off collection efficiency that improves the material, the shunt of this application overturns the online bagging-off design theory of tradition, and fundamentally solves the slow problem of online bagging-off speed to realize accomplishing online bagging-off under the prerequisite of guaranteeing mechanized harvester results efficiency.
Conveying mechanism 1 one end is established to connect material district 4, discharge gate 3 sets up conveying mechanism 1's one side. The mechanized harvester puts the harvested fruits on the material receiving area 4, then the conveying mechanism 1 conveys the fruits on the material receiving area 4, and the discharge port 3 is arranged on one side of the conveying mechanism 1, so that bagging operation is facilitated.
The conveying mechanism 1 comprises a frame 101, a conveying driving pulley 102 and a conveying driven pulley 103 are arranged on the frame 101 at intervals, a conveying belt 104 for receiving and conveying materials is connected between the conveying driving pulley 102 and the conveying driven pulley 103, the conveying driving pulley 102 is connected with a conveying hydraulic motor 105 through a chain transmission 106, the chain transmission mainly comprises a driving sprocket arranged on the conveying hydraulic motor 105 and a driven sprocket arranged at one end of the conveying driving pulley 103, and the driving sprocket is connected with the driven sprocket through a chain. The belt transmission mode is adopted to receive materials and convey the materials, so that the material conveying device has the advantage of small damage to the materials.
Connect material district 4 to set up conveyer belt 104 one end, frame 101 corresponds the one end that is equipped with connect material district 4 is equipped with baffle 5. The baffle 5 is arranged to effectively prevent the materials from falling on the ground due to the rebound of the conveying belt 104 after falling.
The intercepting mechanism 2 is horizontally vertical to the conveying mechanism 1.
Preferably, the intercepting mechanism 2 is horizontally and obliquely arranged on the conveying mechanism 1, and the oblique direction of the intercepting mechanism 2 is opposite to the material conveying direction. The slope design can be favorable to the material that dams, and the guidance tape of being convenient for dams in time goes out the material direction.
The intercepting mechanism 2 comprises an intercepting support 201 installed on the rack 101, an intercepting driving belt wheel 202 and an intercepting driven belt wheel 203 are arranged on the intercepting support 201 at intervals, an intercepting guide belt 204 is arranged between the intercepting driving belt wheel 202 and the intercepting driven belt wheel 203, the intercepting guide belt is preferentially a guide strip conveying belt, the intercepting guide belt 204 guides the intercepting materials to a discharge port 3 corresponding to the intercepting materials, and the intercepting driving belt wheel 202 is connected with an intercepting hydraulic motor 205. The material is cut off and timely conveyed by adopting a belt transmission mode, so that the material cutting-off device has the advantages of high cut-off guide efficiency, small damage to the material and the like.
The device is characterized in that a tightness adjusting mechanism 6 is arranged between the intercepting driven pulley 203 and the intercepting support 201, the tightness adjusting mechanism 6 comprises an adjusting seat 601 connected with the intercepting driven pulley 203, a waist-shaped hole 602 and a fixed seat 603, the waist-shaped hole 602 and the fixed seat 603 are arranged on the intercepting support 201, and an adjusting screw 604 and an adjusting nut 605 are arranged between the adjusting seat 601 and the fixed seat 603. The tightness adjusting mechanism 6 can properly adjust the tightness according to the tightness of the closure guide belt 204, so as to achieve the optimal working state.
The intercepting driving pulley 202 and the intercepting driven pulley 203 on different intercepting mechanisms 2 have different distances. The intercepting width is changed by changing the distance between the intercepting driving pulley 202 and the intercepting driven pulley 203, so that the aim of intercepting step by step or gradually can be fulfilled.
The intercepting guide belt 204 is vertically perpendicular to the conveying mechanism 1.
Preferably, the intercepting guide belt 204 is obliquely arranged on the conveying mechanism 1, and the intercepting guide belt 204 is obliquely arranged towards the side contacting with the materials, wherein the oblique arrangement can be realized by adjusting the oblique angle of the intercepting bracket 201 and the frame 101 or adjusting the oblique angle between the intercepting driving pulley 202 and the intercepting driven pulley 203 and the intercepting bracket 201. The guiding belt 204 that dams can be realized after the slope design in vertical direction that guiding belt 204 and material contact one side bottom and the clearance of conveyer belt are less than the clearance of another side bottom and conveyer belt, and debris such as weeds, pole stem in this structural design can effectively be solved and the problem on the driving pulley and/or the driven pulley that dams is twined to the debris in the material.
The end of the intercepting guide belt 204 close to the discharge hole 4 exceeds the boundary of the conveying belt 104. This structural design effectively solves and dams the problem that has the direction dead angle between leading belt 204 and the discharge gate 4.
At least one intercepting bracket 201 of the intercepting mechanism 2 is movably connected with the rack 101, one end of the intercepting bracket 201 is hinged with the rack 101, the other end of the intercepting bracket 201 is provided with an inclined adjusting hole A206, the rack 101 is provided with an inclined adjusting hole B207 matched with the inclined adjusting hole A206 for use, and a fastening piece 208 for fastening the intercepting bracket 201 and the rack 101 is arranged between the inclined adjusting hole A206 and the inclined adjusting hole B207. Through designing into the connection mode that the activity is adjustable with the mechanism that dams to can finely tune according to the actual reposition of redundant personnel condition, realize changing the width that dams through changing horizontal inclination.
Two intercepting mechanisms 2 are arranged above the conveying mechanism 1 at intervals along the material conveying direction, the intercepting mechanism 2 close to the material receiving area 5 firstly intercepts partial materials, and the other intercepting mechanism 3 intercepts the rest and all the materials. Two closure mechanisms 2 can basically meet the requirement of the existing mechanized harvester for online bagging, and the number of the closure mechanisms can be correspondingly increased according to the harvesting capacity of the mechanized harvester, so that the online bagging efficiency is further improved.
The shunting method comprises the following steps:
firstly, receiving and conveying materials;
and secondly, gradually intercepting the materials along the material conveying direction until the materials are completely intercepted, and directly guiding and collecting the intercepted materials each time of interception.
The use process of the diverter of the invention is as follows:
taking garlic harvesting as an example, when the garlic harvesting machine is used, the mechanical harvesting machine drops the harvested garlic on the material receiving area 4 of the conveying belt 104, the conveying hydraulic motor 105 drives the conveying belt 104 to rotate through the conveying driving belt wheel 102 to convey fruits, in the conveying process, the intercepting hydraulic motor 205 drives the intercepting guide belt 204 to rotate through the driving intercepting driving belt wheel 202 to intercept the fruits on the conveying belt 104 and guide the fruits to the discharging port 3, and then online bagging is carried out at the discharging port 3. The utility model provides a shunt has advantages such as structural design is reasonable, automatic reposition of redundant personnel multiple spot bagging-off, bagging-off are efficient.
The above-described embodiments should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, and any alternative modifications or alterations to the embodiments of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
The present invention is not described in detail, but is known to those skilled in the art.