CN111869917A - Novel method for preventing and treating mildew rot in tobacco leaf baking process - Google Patents
Novel method for preventing and treating mildew rot in tobacco leaf baking process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111869917A CN111869917A CN202010755630.5A CN202010755630A CN111869917A CN 111869917 A CN111869917 A CN 111869917A CN 202010755630 A CN202010755630 A CN 202010755630A CN 111869917 A CN111869917 A CN 111869917A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- tobacco
- tobacco leaf
- preventing
- baking process
- novel method
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/10—Roasting or cooling tobacco
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel method for preventing and treating rotten diseases in a tobacco leaf baking process, and relates to the technical field of plant disease prevention and treatment. Before flue-cured tobacco is cured, 40-70% alcohol is sprayed on the end part of a tobacco stalk which is bound with a hanging rod, and the tobacco stalk is dried and then is put into a tobacco curing room for curing. The method has the average relative prevention effect on the rotten diseases of the tobacco leaves in the baking process of 100 percent, has good prevention and treatment effect, quick response, simple and convenient operation, low cost, no toxicity, no pollution and no residue, and is a simple and easy-to-popularize method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of plant protection and plant disease control, in particular to a method for controlling mildew and rot of tobacco leaves in a tobacco leaf baking process.
Background
The tobacco leaves are used as photosynthesis products and are rich in nutrient substances such as saccharides, proteins and the like, partial petioles of the tobacco leaves are mildewed in the baking process, and partial leaves of the tobacco leaves are mildewed in serious conditions, namely the rotten diseases of the tobacco leaves. In the baking process, the tobacco leaves are mildewed at the tobacco tying line at the base of the tobacco leaves and gradually develop towards the two ends, and the main veins of the serious tobacco leaves are mildewed and rotten, and the leaves are mildewed. The mildew color on the petiole is mainly brown, the leaves are yellow and brown, and most leaves are steamed or pickled. Zeng Ting Teng and so on identified the pathogenic bacteria of rotten tobacco leaves in the curing period, and confirmed that the rotten tobacco leaves in the curing period are the infectious diseases caused by Rhizopus oryzae (Rhizopus oryzae Went et Geerligs). When the tobacco leaves are rotten, macromolecular substances in the leaves are degraded by microorganisms, and the content of small molecular substances such as free amino acid and the like can be obviously changed.
In the 2010 Yunnan province, the tobacco leaf area planted with the Honghuadajinyuan is reported, the petioles are mildewed in the tobacco leaf baking process to cause great loss, and particularly, the tobacco leaf area is more serious in the mature harvest and baking period in the low-temperature rainy days. Investigation in a part of flue-cured tobacco production areas in Fujian province also discovers that the tobacco leaves are mildewed and rotten in the curing and yellowing stage, the mildewed and rotten tobacco leaves basically lose the utilization value, and the mildew rate of the tobacco leaves in the curing period of a certain curing barn reaches over 50 percent, so that serious loss is brought to tobacco growers. In recent years, tobacco rot and mildew during baking become one of the important economic losses in baking links of partial tobacco areas in south China, such as Fujian, Yunnan, Guangxi and the like, and the yield and the quality of the tobacco are seriously influenced.
At present, few technical reports about the prevention and treatment of tobacco leaf mildew during baking are reported. Sujiann and the like adopt pesticide bactericides such as chlorothalonil, carbendazim, first frost manganese zinc and the like to have better prevention and control effects on petiole mildew in the baking period of Honghuadajinyuan. Sodium benzoate, benzoic acid, sorbic acid and other mildew inhibitors are commonly used in tobacco production, but only can inhibit the growth of part of moulds, and the bacteriostasis effect is small. The Wangyongwan and the like effectively prevent and treat the mildew and rot disease of the tobacco leaves during the baking period by using the chlorine dioxide and the trichloroisocyanuric acid, but the content of chlorine ions in the tobacco leaves is often overproof by using the method to prevent and treat the mildew and rot disease during the baking process. At present, the use of nontoxic, efficient and green medicaments in the baking process is not involved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a green method for preventing and treating the mildew and rot of the tobacco leaves in the tobacco leaf baking process. The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a novel method for preventing and treating rotten diseases in the tobacco leaf baking process comprises the following steps:
before the tobacco leaves are baked, alcohol is sprayed on the end parts of the tobacco leaf stalks bound on the hanging rods, and the tobacco leaves are placed into a tobacco leaf baking room for baking after being dried. The air-dried film is air-dried indoors or air-dried in a shade place to avoid sun exposure.
Preferably, the alcohol concentration used is 40% to 70%.
Preferably, the alcohol is sprayed in an amount to moisten the end of the tobacco leaf stalk.
Preferably, the alcohol is edible alcohol.
And (3) putting the tobacco leaves sprayed with the alcohol and dried and the hanging rods binding the tobacco leaves into the 3 rd layer or the 4 th layer of a common airflow ascending type 4-layer intensive curing barn for curing.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the method of the invention sprays edible alcohol on the end part of the tobacco leaf stalk to be baked before baking the tobacco leaves, which can effectively inhibit the growth of rhizopus oryzae and comprehensively achieve the purpose of preventing the mildew and rot of the tobacco leaves, and the average relative prevention effect on the mildew and rot of the tobacco leaves in the baking process can reach 100 percent.
2. The tobacco leaves are food, the invention selects edible alcohol to ensure green safety, and the method of the invention only sprays the end part of the tobacco leaf stalk with the edible alcohol, thereby greatly saving the consumption of the edible alcohol, saving the cost and avoiding the pollution caused by adopting chemical pesticide.
3. The method has the advantages of simple and convenient operation, low cost, no harm to tobacco leaves, safety, no toxicity, no residue, easy popularization and the like.
Detailed Description
The following examples are further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to be specific to conventional methods.
Example 1 method for preventing and treating mildew and rot of tobacco leaves in tobacco leaf baking process by spraying tobacco leaves to be baked
1. Test time: 8 months in 2019-9 months in 2019
2. Test site: injexing flue-cured tobacco cooperative society of Xuanwei city of Qujing city, Yunnan province
3. Test materials: the tobacco variety to be tested is Honghuadajinyuan, and well-matured tobacco leaves are picked on the same day.
4. And (3) experimental design: the test curing barn is a common airflow ascending type 4-layer intensive curing barn, the specifications of the curing barn are that the length, the width and the height are 8m, 2.7m and 4.1m, the circulating fan is a No. 7 axial flow fan, the controller is a HDS-6 intensive curing barn controller of Liaoning Haidi ascending machinery Limited company, and the tobacco loading of the curing barn is 45 kg.m-3. Layer 4 of the barn is the most severe region of the incidence of rotten disease and the test is conducted on layer 4.
5. Respectively diluting edible alcohol with tap water to four concentrations of 40%, 50%, 60% and 70% by volume fraction, and spraying the edible alcohol to the end part of the tobacco leaf stalk before baking, wherein the spraying amount of the edible alcohol is to moisten the end part of the tobacco leaf stalk. The blank control was obtained by picking untreated tobacco leaves directly. The harvested tobacco leaves are woven (bound) on a hanging rod according to the conventional method with the same maturity and nutrition level, each treatment totally comprises 6 rods, 2 pieces are bundled, and the tobacco weaving amount of each rod is 10 kg. Briefly, tobacco leaves sprayed with edible alcohol and dried indoors are placed on the 4 th layer of a curing barn together with bound hanging rods, the tobacco leaves are placed on the left and right sides, 3 rods are arranged on one side, 2 rods of normal unprocessed tobacco leaves are used for separating treatment from treatment, and the tobacco leaves are baked according to the local conventional baking process. The test treatment comprises the following steps:
CK: directly picking up the tobacco leaves which are bound and hung on the rod.
Treatment 1: spraying 40% edible alcohol on the end of tobacco leaf stalk to be roasted.
And (3) treatment 2: spraying 50% edible alcohol on the end of tobacco leaf stalk to be roasted.
And (3) treatment: spraying 60% edible alcohol on the end of tobacco leaf stalk to be roasted.
And (4) treatment: spraying edible alcohol with the volume fraction of 70% on the end part of the tobacco leaf stalk to be roasted.
6. The investigation method comprises the following steps: 3 groups were taken from each treatment and their disease status was recorded. The recorded disease conditions are graded according to the investigation method of Wang Yongwan (Wang Yongwan and the like, infection source and prevention of the tobacco mildew disease in the baking period, Anhui agricultural science, 2017, 45(19) 138-one 142) and are divided into six grades of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5. Grade 0 is no morbidity; grade 1, the mildew of petioles is less than 1cm, and the leaves do not attack diseases; grade 2, the petiole mildews are more than 1cm, and the leaves do not attack diseases; grade 3 is that the petioles are mildewed, and the mildewed area of the leaves is less than 25 percent; the 4 grade is that the petioles are mildewed, and the mildewed area of the leaves reaches 25 to 50 percent; grade 5 is the moldy petiole, and the moldy area of the leaf is more than 50%. Randomly selecting 100 tobacco leaves for statistics (one tobacco leaf is counted as one strain).
Calculating the formula:
disease index ∑ (number of diseased plant at each stage × disease grade value) × 100/(number of total investigated plants × highest grade value)
Relative control effect (%) (control area disease index-treatment area disease index) × 100/control area disease index
Incidence (%) leaf number of onset x 100/total leaf number investigated
TABLE 1 example 1 controlling effect of spraying tobacco leaves to be cured on rotten diseases during curing
Note: the English letters following the numbers in Table 1 indicate that the difference is significant at the P.ltoreq.0.05 level.
7. And (3) test results: the tobacco leaves are baked for 7 days, and the occurrence degree of the rotten diseases of the tobacco leaves is counted (see table 1). The method of the invention adopts edible alcohol with the volume fraction of 40%, 50%, 60% and 70% to spray the end part of the tobacco stalk of the tobacco leaf to be roasted to achieve the control effect of 100% on the rotten disease of the tobacco leaf in the process of roasting the tobacco leaf, and has obvious effect and quick response.
Claims (6)
1. A novel method for preventing and treating rotten diseases in the tobacco leaf baking process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
before the tobacco leaves are baked, alcohol is sprayed on the end parts of the tobacco leaf stalks bound on the hanging rods, and the tobacco leaves are placed into a tobacco leaf baking room for baking after being dried.
2. The novel method for preventing and treating the rotten diseases in the tobacco leaf baking process according to claim 1, wherein the alcohol concentration is 40-70%.
3. The novel method for preventing and treating the mildew disease in the tobacco leaf baking process according to claim 1, wherein the alcohol is sprayed in an amount to moisten the end of the stem of the tobacco leaf.
4. The novel method for preventing and treating the mildew disease in the tobacco leaf baking process according to claim 1, wherein the air-dried tobacco leaves are air-dried indoors.
5. The novel method for preventing and treating the mildew disease in the tobacco leaf baking process according to claim 1, wherein the tobacco leaf is placed into the tobacco leaf baking room for baking, and the tobacco leaf is placed into the 3 rd layer or the 4 th layer of the common airflow ascending type 4-layer intensive baking room for baking.
6. The novel method for controlling rotten diseases in the tobacco flue-curing process according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the alcohol is edible alcohol.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010755630.5A CN111869917A (en) | 2020-07-31 | 2020-07-31 | Novel method for preventing and treating mildew rot in tobacco leaf baking process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010755630.5A CN111869917A (en) | 2020-07-31 | 2020-07-31 | Novel method for preventing and treating mildew rot in tobacco leaf baking process |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111869917A true CN111869917A (en) | 2020-11-03 |
Family
ID=73205863
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010755630.5A Pending CN111869917A (en) | 2020-07-31 | 2020-07-31 | Novel method for preventing and treating mildew rot in tobacco leaf baking process |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111869917A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112293784A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-02-02 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Pre-curing tobacco leaf treatment method for reducing pesticide residue in cured tobacco |
| CN114982789A (en) * | 2022-06-25 | 2022-09-02 | 湖北省烟草公司宜昌市公司 | Plant pesticide for preventing tobacco from mildew and application method thereof |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103181615A (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2013-07-03 | 红云红河烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | Flue-cured tobacco mildew preventive |
| CN103404962A (en) * | 2013-08-06 | 2013-11-27 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Method for preventing tobacco from rotting during tobacco curing |
| CN104432448A (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2015-03-25 | 红云红河烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | Tobacco mould preventing method achieving sterilization through ethyl alcohol slow release |
| CN109674081A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-04-26 | 贵州省烟草科学研究院 | It is a kind of for prevent and treat baking phase tobacco leaf go rotten disease fumigant, preparation method and the usage |
| CN110384247A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2019-10-29 | 云南省烟草公司曲靖市公司 | Tobacco leaf goes rotten sick biological control method in a kind of Tobacco Leaf Curing |
| CN110547300A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-12-10 | 广西中烟工业有限责任公司 | composition for preventing and treating mildew and rot disease of tobacco leaves, pesticide preparation, and preparation method and application thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-07-31 CN CN202010755630.5A patent/CN111869917A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103181615A (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2013-07-03 | 红云红河烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | Flue-cured tobacco mildew preventive |
| CN103404962A (en) * | 2013-08-06 | 2013-11-27 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Method for preventing tobacco from rotting during tobacco curing |
| CN104432448A (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2015-03-25 | 红云红河烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | Tobacco mould preventing method achieving sterilization through ethyl alcohol slow release |
| CN109674081A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-04-26 | 贵州省烟草科学研究院 | It is a kind of for prevent and treat baking phase tobacco leaf go rotten disease fumigant, preparation method and the usage |
| CN110384247A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2019-10-29 | 云南省烟草公司曲靖市公司 | Tobacco leaf goes rotten sick biological control method in a kind of Tobacco Leaf Curing |
| CN110547300A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-12-10 | 广西中烟工业有限责任公司 | composition for preventing and treating mildew and rot disease of tobacco leaves, pesticide preparation, and preparation method and application thereof |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112293784A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-02-02 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Pre-curing tobacco leaf treatment method for reducing pesticide residue in cured tobacco |
| CN114982789A (en) * | 2022-06-25 | 2022-09-02 | 湖北省烟草公司宜昌市公司 | Plant pesticide for preventing tobacco from mildew and application method thereof |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN111869917A (en) | Novel method for preventing and treating mildew rot in tobacco leaf baking process | |
| CN110384247B (en) | Biological control method for tobacco rot disease in tobacco leaf baking process | |
| CN107821385A (en) | A kind of storage method of corn seed | |
| Kuchi et al. | Fruit physiology and postharvest management of strawberry | |
| CN106688575A (en) | Strawberry grey mould prevention and treatment method | |
| CN110122562B (en) | Living body compound preservation method for dendrocalamus latiflorus shoots with shells | |
| CN109006240B (en) | Root promoting and yield increasing method for continuous cropping and continuous cropping melon crops | |
| CN107455377B (en) | Pesticide aqueous solution for promoting plant growth and prolonging effective period of deciduous fruit trees for clearing garden and preparation method thereof | |
| CN110720464B (en) | New application of chitosan oligosaccharide | |
| CN112293481A (en) | Processing method of fresh winter bamboo shoots | |
| CN104170947A (en) | Composite preserving technology of young ginger and implementation method thereof | |
| CN111602712A (en) | Waxberry preservative | |
| CN109258793A (en) | A kind of bacteriostatic agent and its preparation method and application | |
| CN1232620A (en) | Litchi fresh-keeping technology during storage and transportation | |
| CN107896668A (en) | A kind of engrafting method of grape | |
| KR100975593B1 (en) | Organic acid for laver farming | |
| CN107535591A (en) | A kind of sweet potato preservative specially and its preparation method and application | |
| CN107079724B (en) | Preservative spraying method before harvest of greenhouse strawberries | |
| CN111227033A (en) | Method for inhibiting occurrence of brown rot of picked peaches | |
| CN105284878A (en) | Cotton defoliation ripening agent | |
| CN111264280A (en) | Planting method of Xinhui oranges | |
| CN111296485B (en) | Application of inducer in preventing and treating gray mold of strawberry, increasing chlorophyll content and reducing cell membrane permeability | |
| CN110915471B (en) | Method for improving color stability of red pulp peach pulp | |
| CN108739980B (en) | Method for inhibiting generation of wine flavor of kiwi fruit | |
| CN106490133A (en) | A kind of storage practice of caraway |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20201103 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |