CN111839633A - 外科用系统及其外科用加载单元 - Google Patents

外科用系统及其外科用加载单元 Download PDF

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CN111839633A
CN111839633A CN202010305672.9A CN202010305672A CN111839633A CN 111839633 A CN111839633 A CN 111839633A CN 202010305672 A CN202010305672 A CN 202010305672A CN 111839633 A CN111839633 A CN 111839633A
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knife
staple cartridge
surgical
upper plate
loading unit
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萨巴什蒂安·科杜图利·乔治
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Covidien LP
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/0682—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying U-shaped staples or clamps, e.g. without a forming anvil
    • A61B17/0686—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying U-shaped staples or clamps, e.g. without a forming anvil having a forming anvil staying below the tissue during stapling
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B17/07207—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously the staples being applied sequentially
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
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    • A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
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    • A61B17/34—Trocars; Puncturing needles
    • A61B17/3417—Details of tips or shafts, e.g. grooves, expandable, bendable; Multiple coaxial sliding cannulas, e.g. for dilating
    • A61B17/3421—Cannulas
    • A61B17/3423—Access ports, e.g. toroid shape introducers for instruments or hands
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/00234—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for minimally invasive surgery
    • A61B2017/00292—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for minimally invasive surgery mounted on or guided by flexible, e.g. catheter-like, means
    • A61B2017/00336—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for minimally invasive surgery mounted on or guided by flexible, e.g. catheter-like, means with a protective sleeve, e.g. retractable or slidable
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
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    • A61B2017/07214—Stapler heads
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
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    • A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
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    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
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    • A61B2090/033—Abutting means, stops, e.g. abutting on tissue or skin
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    • A61B90/08—Accessories or related features not otherwise provided for
    • A61B2090/0801—Prevention of accidental cutting or pricking

Abstract

外科用加载单元包括砧座组件、可枢转地耦接到砧座组件的U形钉匣组件、以及被配置成接近U形钉匣组件和砧座组件的刀具。U形钉匣组件具有U形钉匣机架，该U形钉匣机架具有从其近侧端向外伸出的支撑部。刀具包括被耦接到U形钉匣机架的上板和被耦接到砧座组件的下板。U形钉匣机架的支撑部具有上表面，在刀具处于近侧位置时，该支撑部的上表面与上板的上表面共面或在该上板的上表面之上，用于在使用期间防止刀具被挡卡在外科用端口上。

Description

外科用系统及其外科用加载单元
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2019年4月25日提交的美国临时专利申请No.62/838,744的权益和优先权，其全部内容通过引用合并于本文。
技术领域
本公开内容总体上涉及用于内窥镜使用的外科用器具，并且更具体地涉及用于钉合组织的外科用器具的外科用加载单元。
背景技术
用于内窥镜处理组织的各种类型的外科用器具在本领域中是已知的，并且通常用于例如：用于在横切、切除、吻合术中闭合组织或器官，用于在胸腔和腹部程序中闭塞器官，以及用于用电外科术来融合或密封组织。
这样的外科用器具中的一个例子是外科用钉合器具。通常，外科用钉合器具包括：外科用加载单元，上述外科用加载单元具有砧座组件和用于支撑外科用U形钉的阵列的匣组件；接近机构，该接近机构用于接近匣和砧座组件；以及击发机构，该击发机构用于使外科用U形钉从匣组件中弹出。
在腹腔镜或内窥镜外科用程序期间，通过小切口或者通过穿过患者的小入口伤口插入的狭窄插管来实现接近外科用部位。在某些程序下，可以将外科用端口定位在患者的小切口内。在程序期间，可以将外科用加载单元插入穿过外科用端口和患者的小切口，以使外科用加载单元接近患者体内的工作部位。这样的外科用端口在患者的体腔的吹入法期间提供压力密封，并且可以在外科用加载单元的插入和致动期间用作用于该外科用加载单元的引导通道。
发明内容
根据本公开的一方面，提供了外科用加载单元，并且该外科用加载单元包括砧座组件、U形钉匣组件以及刀具。U形钉匣组件可枢转地耦接到砧座组件，并且该U形钉匣组件包括U形钉匣机架和U形钉匣，该U形钉匣被配置成接收在U形钉匣机架中所限定的纵向延伸的通道中。U形钉匣机架具有从其近侧端向外伸出的支撑部。刀具包括上板和下板。刀具的上板被耦接到U形钉匣机架，并且置位在通道的外侧。上板具有上表面和下表面。刀具的下板被耦接到砧座组件。刀具被配置成从近侧位置朝向远侧位置移动，以使U形钉匣机架朝向砧座组件枢转。U形钉匣机架的支撑部具有上表面，在刀具处于近侧位置时，该支撑部的上表面与上板的上表面共面或在该上板的上表面之上。
在各方面中，当刀具处于近侧位置时，U形钉匣机架的支撑部可以置位在刀具的上板的旁边。
在一些方面中，U形钉匣机架可以限定纵向延伸的狭槽。U形钉匣机架的支撑部可以置位在狭槽的两侧。
在其他方面中，当刀具处于近侧位置时，U形钉匣机架的支撑部可以置位在刀具的上板的第一侧向侧和刀具的上板的第二侧向侧的旁边。
在另外的方面，当刀具处于近侧位置时，U形钉匣机架的支撑部的上表面可以在刀具的上板的上表面之上。
在各方面中，刀具可以具有置位在上板和下板之间并将上述上板和下板相互连接的刀片。
在一些方面中，U形钉匣机架的支撑部可以与U形钉匣机架的近侧端整体地形成。
根据本公开内容的另一方面，提供了外科用系统，并且该外科用系统包括外科用端口和外科用加载单元。该外科用端口限定穿过其的引导通道，并且被配置成定位在患者的小切口内。外科用加载单元包括砧座组件、U形钉匣组件和刀具。U形钉匣组件可枢转地耦接到砧座组件并且包括U形钉匣机架和U形钉匣。U形钉匣机架限定了纵向延伸的通道，并且具有从机架的近侧端向外伸出的支撑部。U形钉匣被配置成接收在U形钉匣机架的通道中。刀具包括上板和下板。刀具的上板被耦接到U形钉匣机架，并且置位在通道的外侧。上板具有上表面和下表面。刀具的下板被耦接到砧座组件。刀具被配置成从近侧位置朝向远侧位置移动，以使U形钉匣机架朝向砧座组件枢转。U形钉匣机架的支撑部具有上表面，在刀具处于近侧位置时，该上表面与刀具的上板的上表面共面或在该上板的上表面之上，用于使外科用端口的引导通道的一部分扩展到刀具的路径之外。
在各方面中，U形钉匣机架的支撑部可以被配置成接触外科用端口的内周缘表面并将外科用端口的内周缘表面抬起到与刀具的上板的上表面共面或在该刀具的上板的上表面之上的位置。这样，刀具被配置成在向近侧位置的移动期间在外科用端口的内周缘表面之下经过。
附图说明
本文参照附图公开了包括本公开的适配器组件的实施方式的外科用器具，在附图中：
图1A是例示现有技术的外科用加载单元的的放大立体图，例示了其刀具被挡卡在外科用端口上；
图1B是图1A的现有技术的外科用加载单元的放大立体图，例示了刀具被挡卡在另一类型的外科用端口上，；
图2是包括根据本公开内容的实施方式的在示例性机电手柄组件和外科用加载单元之间相互连接的适配器组件的外科用器具的立体图；
图3是图2的外科用加载单元的U形钉匣组件的放大俯视图，例示了外科用加载单元的刀具处于近侧位置并与一对外科用端口支撑部相邻；
图4是图3的U形钉匣组件的放大侧视图，例示了升高在刀具之上的外科用端口支撑部；
图5是图2的具有置位在其周围的外科用端口内周缘表面的外科用加载单元的侧视截面图；以及
图6是图2的外科用加载单元的驱动组件的侧视图。
具体实施方式
本领域技术人员将理解到，本文具体描述并在所附附图中例示的适配器组件和外科用加载单元是非限制性示例性实施方式。可以预见到，在不脱离本公开内容的范围的情况下，结合一个示例性实施方式所例示或描述的元件和特征可以与另一实施方式的元件和特征组合。同样，本领域技术人员将基于所描述的实施方式理解本公开内容的另外的特征和优点。因此，除了通过所附权利要求所指示的之外，本公开内容不受已经特别示出和描述的内容的限制。
如本文所使用的，术语“远侧”指的是外科用器具的最远离临床医师的部分，而术语“近侧”指的是外科用器具的最接近临床医师的部分。另外，如本文所使用的，术语临床医师指的是医务人员，包括医生、护士和保障人员。
简要参考图1A和图1B，示出了穿过第一类型的外科用端口2(图1A)和第二类型的外科用端口3(图1B)的现有技术的外科用加载单元1。外科用加载单元1具有可枢转地耦接到砧座组件5的U形钉匣组件4，以及被耦接到上述砧座组件和U形钉匣组件中的每一个的刀具6。如在图1A和图1B中所示出的，在刀具6从近侧位置到远侧位置的前进期间，刀具6使U形钉匣组件4朝向砧座组件5枢转，同时割断置位在U形钉匣组件4和砧座组件5之间的组织。在向远侧位置移动之后，刀具6朝向近侧位置缩回以复位。但是，如在图1A和图1B中所示出的，相应的外科用端口2或3的内周缘表面7或8可能被挡卡在刀具6的上板下面，阻止外科用加载单元1的进一步致动和/或外科用加载单元1从外科用端口2或3的移除。
本公开内容提供了一种U形钉匣组件，其具有防止刀具在刀具缩回期间被挡卡在外科用端口上的特征。U形钉匣组件具有机架，在钉合功能的致动期间刀具穿过该机架而平移。当刀具向缩回位置移动时，由于从机架的外表面伸出并将外科用端口抬出刀具的路径的表面特征，刀具在外科用端口之下经过。在另外的方面，外科用加载单元可以设置有环绕刀具而不会阻止该刀具的平移的套筒。套筒充当外科用端口和刀具之间的屏障，以防止刀具被挡卡在外科用端口上。下面描述本公开的外科用加载单元及其部件的附加的优点。
参考图2，根据本公开内容的实施方式的外科用器具总体上被标记为10，并且是被配置用于夹紧和/或密封组织的电动手持式机电外科用器具的形式。外科用器具10包括手柄组件100、适配器组件200和外科用加载单元300。手柄组件100被配置用于经由适配器组件200选择性地耦接到多个不同的外科用加载单元，诸如，例如，外科用加载单元300。每个外科用加载单元被配置用于通过电动的手柄组件100致动和操控。
手柄组件100包括手柄壳体102，该手柄壳体具有容置手柄组件100的各种部件的上壳体部分102a以及从上壳体部分102a延伸的下把手部分102b。下把手部分102b可以被置位在上壳体部分102a的最近侧端的远侧。替代性地，可以预见到其他手柄配置。手柄壳体102限定在该手柄壳体中的腔，用于选择性可移除地接收可充电电池(未示出)以及接收驱动机构(未示出)。电池被配置成向外科用器具10的电气部件供电。手柄壳体102的腔具有位于其中的处理器“P”。处理器“P”被配置成控制外科用器具10的各种操作。驱动机构被配置成驱动轴和/或齿轮部件以便执行外科用器具10的各种操作。特别地，驱动机构被配置成驱动轴和/或齿轮部件以便：选择性地使加载单元300的端部执行器304相对于加载单元300的近侧本体部分302移动；使加载单元300相对于手柄组件100绕纵向轴线“X”旋转；使加载单元300的砧座部件306和/或匣组件308相对于彼此移动/接近；并且/或者使U形钉件从加载单元300的匣组件308内击发。
尽管所描绘的外科用器具10可以被配置成击发U形钉件，但是可以设想到的是，外科用器具10可以适于击发任何其他适合的紧固件，诸如夹子和两部分的紧固件。此外，尽管附图描绘了线性外科用钉合器具10，但是可以预见到的是，本文所描述的某些部件可以适于在下述中使用：其他类型的内窥镜外科用器具，其包括非线性外科用钉合器加载单元，内窥镜钳子、抓具、解剖器；其他类型的外科用钉合器具；电动的血管密封；和/或切割装置等。
总体上，外科用器具10的适配器组件200包括外壳体202和从外壳体202向远侧延伸的外管206。外壳体202的近侧端被配置成可操作地耦接到手柄组件102，或者在其他实施方式中，可操作地耦接到负责致动外科用器具10的外科用机器人系统(未示出)。外管206具有固定在外壳体202的远端部分内的近侧端部分。在其他实施方式中，外管206可以相对于外壳体202并且在该外壳体内是可旋转的。外科用加载单元300适于被附接到适配器组件200的外管206的远端部分，并且可以被配置用于单次使用，或者可以被配置成不止一次使用。
加载单元300是一次性加载单元(“DLU”)，其可释放地稳固到适配器组件200的外管206并因此可以利用新的加载单元进行更换。加载单元300可以是单次使用的加载单元(“SULU”)，其被使用一次然后被更换，以有助于外科用器具10对患者的多次使用。例如，在外科用程序期间，外科用器具10可以用于钉合和切割组织，并且在外科用器具10的每次钉合和切割操作之后更换整个SULU。加载单元300可以是可再使用预定次数的多次使用的加载单元(“MULU”)。替代性地，加载单元300可以被永久地附加到外管206。
参考图2至图5，外科用加载单元300总体上包括近侧本体部分302和被附接到该近侧本体部分的端部执行器304。端部执行器304具有：砧座组件306；可枢转地耦接到砧座组件304的U形钉匣组件308；以及刀具310，该刀具可平移穿过端部执行器304以接近U形钉匣组件308和砧座组件306。匣组件308包括承载件，诸如，例如，限定纵向延伸的通道314的机架312。机架312的通道314被定尺寸并被配置成在该通道中选择性地接收U形钉匣316。沿着U形钉匣316和机架312形成的对应的凸出部和狭槽(未明确示出)用于将U形钉匣316保持在机架312内。机架312限定了中央纵向狭槽318，该中央纵向狭槽延伸其长度，以使得刀具310能够穿过。狭槽318延伸穿过机架312的外表面320以使狭槽318暴露于外侧环境。
参考图3至图5，机架312的近侧端具有设置在机架312中的狭槽318的相反侧的一对外科用端口支撑部322a、322b。支撑部322a、322b与机架312的外表面320整体地形成，并且上述支撑部从该机架的外表面向上伸出选定的距离。在实施方式中，支撑部322a、322b可以与机架312的外表面320连接，而不是与该机架的外表面整体地形成。支撑部322a、322b是伸长的表面特征件，其具有的长度基本上等于刀具310的长度。在其他方面中，支撑部322a、322b可以是具有任何适合长度的伸出部。当刀具310处于近侧位置时，支撑部322a、322b分别被置位成与刀具310的上板324的相反的侧向边缘或侧面310a、310b在侧向上相邻。在一些方面中，支撑部322a、322b中的每个支撑部的近侧部分可以置位在刀具310的上板324的近侧边缘310c的近侧。
支撑部322a、322b从机架312的外表面320向上延伸选定的距离，使得支撑部322a、322b的上表面326与刀具310的上板324的上表面324a对准(例如，共面)。在一些方面中，支撑部322a、322b的上表面326可以稍微延伸在刀具310的上板324的上表面324a之上。在任一方面中，如在图5中所示出的，在将外科用端口(例如，在图1A和图1B中所示出的外科用端口2或3中的一者)定位在外科用加载单元300的端部执行器304周围的情况下，随着刀具310向近侧位置(图3和图4)移动，外科用端口2或3的内周缘表面7或8通过支撑部322a、322b被支撑在刀具310的上板324的路径之上，以允许刀具310在外科用端口2或3的内周缘表面7或8下面穿过。在支撑部322a、322b没有将外科用端口2或3的内周缘表面7或8基本上或完全抬出刀具310的上板324的路径的情况下，上板324可能潜在地在外科用端口2或3的内周缘表面7或8上方穿过，这可能导致刀具310被挡卡在外科用端口2或3上。
在一些方面中，支撑部322a、322b可以是被配置为罩的一个支撑部，该罩在狭槽318上方从机架312中的狭槽318的第一侧延伸到狭槽318的第二侧，从而当刀具310处于近侧位置时，支撑部在刀具310上方延伸。罩状支撑部可以具有拱形配置、方形配置或任何其他适合的配置。甚至在另外的方面中，代替或除了使用支撑部322a、322b之外，外科用加载单元300可以设置有柔性的、管状套筒(未示出)，该管状套筒环绕U形钉匣组件308和砧座组件306中的每个的近侧端。套筒覆盖了刀具310的上板324而不会阻止该刀具平移穿过该套筒，并且该套筒充当外科用端口2或3与刀具310之间的屏障，以防止当刀具310向近侧位置移动时，该刀具被挡卡在外科用端口2或3上。
参考图5和图6，外科用加载单元300包括驱动组件330，该驱动组件与端部执行器304以及适配器组件200和/或手柄组件102的驱动机构(未示出)可操作地相关联。驱动组件330包括螺母332、击发杆或管334以及刀具轴336，该刀具轴具有置位在其远端处的刀具310。螺母332从外科用加载单元300的近侧本体部分302向近侧延伸穿过适配器组件200的外管206(图2)，并且可操作地耦接到手柄组件102(图2)，使得手柄组件102的致动被配置成使螺母332平移。击发杆334具有固定到螺母332的近侧端部分和固定到刀具轴336的近侧端部分的远端部分。在实施方式中，螺母332可以直接被附接到刀具轴336的近侧端部分，而不是经由击发杆334被耦接。由于刀具轴336被固定到螺母332，因此，螺母332响应于手柄组件102的致动的穿过适配器组件20的外管206的轴向移动，驱动刀具轴336的轴向移动。
刀具轴336具有：下部分336b，该下部分延伸穿过在砧座组件306中限定的纵向延伸的狭槽338；以及上部分336a，该上部分延伸穿过在U形钉匣组件308的机架312中限定的纵向延伸的狭槽318。驱动组件330的刀具轴336具有置位在外科用加载单元300内的远端部分。刀具轴336的远端部分具有固定在其上的刀具310，该刀具被配置成在刀具310向远侧前进期间使U形钉匣组件308朝向砧座板306枢转。
如上所提及的，刀具310具有：上脚部或板324，该上脚部或板置位在U形钉匣组件308的机架312的外侧；下脚部或板340，该下脚部或板置位在通过砧座组件306所限定的狭槽338内；以及锋利的向远侧定向的表面或刀片342，该表面或刀片在上板和下板324、340之间延伸并将上述上板和下板相互连接。刀片342被配置成在其穿过端部执行器304的远侧前进期间割断组织。刀具310的上板324具有下表面324b，该下表面处于重叠布置，且在一些实施方式中与机架312的外表面320接触。
在操作中，为了击发和夹紧外科用加载单元300的端部执行器304，手柄组件102被致动将驱动组件330驱动沿远侧方向平移。假定包括螺母332、击发杆334和刀具轴336的驱动组件330是一个一体单元，则刀具310向远侧前进穿过砧座组件306和匣组件308的机架312，以使机架312朝向砧座组件306枢转。当驱动组件330的刀具310向远侧前进穿过端部执行器304时，通过刀具310的锋利的向远侧定向的表面342将在置位其间的任何组织割断。同样，当刀具310朝向远侧位置前进时，致动滑板(未示出)向上移动穿过U形钉匣316，以推动U形钉穿过组织并与砧座组件306接合以形成U形钉。
在端部执行器304完全致动之后，驱动组件330朝向起始位置缩回。当驱动组件330的刀具310朝向近侧位置移动时，由于机架312的支撑部322a、322b使外科用端口2的内周缘表面7保持在刀具310的路径之外，所以刀具310的上板324在外科用端口2的内周缘表面7下面穿过。
对于示例性外科用加载单元的操作的详细描述，可以参考2018年7月17日提交的美国专利申请No.16/037,367，其全部内容通过引用并入本文。
本领域技术人员将理解到，本文具体描述并在所附附图中例示的适配器组件和方法是非限制性示例性实施方式。可以预见到，在不脱离本公开内容的范围的情况下，结合一个示例性实施方式所例示或描述的元件和特征可以与另一实施方式的元件和特征组合。同样，本领域技术人员将基于以上所描述的实施方式理解本公开内容的另外的特征和优点。因此，除了通过所附权利要求所指示的之外，本公开内容不受已经特别示出和描述的内容的限制。

Claims (15)

1.一种外科用加载单元，包括：
砧座组件；
U形钉匣组件，所述U形钉匣组件可枢转地耦接到所述砧座组件，所述U形钉匣组件包括：
U形钉匣机架，所述U形钉匣机架限定纵向延伸的通道，所述U形钉匣机架具有从其近侧端向外伸出的支撑部；以及
U形钉匣，所述U形钉匣被配置成接收在所述U形钉匣机架的所述通道中；以及
刀具，所述刀具包括：
上板，所述上板耦接到所述U形钉匣机架并且置位在所述通道的外侧，所述上板具有上表面和下表面；以及
下板，所述下板耦接到所述砧座组件，所述刀具被配置成从近侧位置朝向远侧位置移动，以使所述U形钉匣机架朝向所述砧座组件枢转，其中，所述U形钉匣机架的所述支撑部具有上表面，在所述刀具处于所述近侧位置时，所述支撑部的上表面与所述上板的上表面共面或在所述上板的上表面之上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的外科用加载单元，其中，当所述刀具处于所述近侧位置时，所述U形钉匣机架的所述支撑部置位在所述刀具的上板的旁边。
3.根据权利要求1所述的外科用加载单元，其中，所述U形钉匣机架限定纵向延伸的狭槽，所述U形钉匣机架的所述支撑部置位在所述狭槽的两侧。
4.根据权利要求1所述的外科用加载单元，其中，当所述刀具处于所述近侧位置时，所述U形钉匣机架的所述支撑部置位在所述刀具的所述上板的第一侧向侧和所述刀具的所述上板的第二侧向侧的旁边。
5.根据权利要求1所述的外科用加载单元，其中，当所述刀具处于所述近侧位置时，所述U形钉匣机架的所述支撑部的上表面在所述刀具的所述上板的上表面之上。
6.根据权利要求1所述的外科用加载单元，其中，所述刀具具有置位在所述上板和所述下板之间并且将所述上板和所述下板相互连接的刀片。
7.根据权利要求1所述的外科用加载单元，其中，所述U形钉匣机架的所述支撑部与所述U形钉匣机架的近侧端整体地形成。
8.一种外科用系统，包括：
外科用端口，所述外科用端口限定穿过其的引导通道，所述外科用端口被配置成定位在患者的小切口内；以及
外科用加载单元，所述外科用加载单元包括：
砧座组件；以及
U形钉匣组件，所述U形钉匣组件可枢转地耦接到所述砧座组件，所述U形钉匣组件包括：
U形钉匣机架，所述U形钉匣机架限定纵向延伸的通道，所述U形钉匣机架具有从其近侧端向外伸出的支撑部；以及
U形钉匣，所述U形钉匣被配置成接收在所述U形钉匣机架的所述通道中；以及
刀具，所述刀具包括：
上板，所述上板耦接到所述U形钉匣机架并且置位在所述通道的外侧，所述上板具有上表面和下表面；以及
下板，所述下板耦接到所述砧座组件，所述刀具被配置成从近侧位置朝向远侧位置移动，以使所述U形钉匣机架朝向所述砧座组件枢转，其中，所述U形钉匣机架的所述支撑部具有上表面，在所述刀具处于所述近侧位置时，所述支撑部的上表面与所述刀具的所述上板的上表面共面或在所述刀具的所述上板的上表面之上，用于使所述外科用端口的所述引导通道的一部分扩展到所述刀具的路径之外。
9.根据权利要求8所述的外科用系统，其中，所述U形钉匣机架的所述支撑部被配置成接触所述外科用端口的内周缘表面并且将所述外科用端口的内周缘表面抬起到与所述刀具的所述上板的上表面共面或在所述刀具的所述上板的上表面之上的位置，使得所述刀具被配置成在向所述近侧位置移动期间在所述外科用端口的所述内周缘表面之下经过。
10.根据权利要求8所述的外科用系统，其中，当所述刀具处于所述近侧位置时，所述U形钉匣机架的所述支撑部置位在所述上板的旁边。
11.根据权利要求8所述的外科用系统，其中，所述U形钉匣机架限定纵向延伸的狭槽，所述U形钉匣机架的所述支撑部置位在所述狭槽的两侧。
12.根据权利要求8所述的外科用系统，其中，当所述刀具处于所述近侧位置时，所述U形钉匣机架的所述支撑部置位在所述刀具的所述上板的第一侧向侧和所述刀具的所述上板的第二侧向侧的旁边。
13.根据权利要求8所述的外科用系统，其中，当所述刀具处于所述近侧位置时，所述U形钉匣机架的所述支撑部的上表面在所述刀具的所述上板的上表面之上。
14.根据权利要求8所述的外科用系统，其中，所述刀具具有置位在所述上板和所述下板之间并且将所述上板和所述下板相互连接的刀片。
15.根据权利要求8所述的外科用系统，其中，所述U形钉匣机架的所述支撑部与所述U形钉匣机架的近侧端整体地形成。
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