CN111837840A - Method for treating and weeding straw in rice field - Google Patents

Method for treating and weeding straw in rice field Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN111837840A
CN111837840A CN202010745684.3A CN202010745684A CN111837840A CN 111837840 A CN111837840 A CN 111837840A CN 202010745684 A CN202010745684 A CN 202010745684A CN 111837840 A CN111837840 A CN 111837840A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
rice
straw
straws
rice field
weeding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202010745684.3A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
魏自民
朱龙吉
赵越
吴俊秋
张旭
解新宇
陈晓蒙
康可佳
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Northeast Agricultural University
Original Assignee
Northeast Agricultural University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Northeast Agricultural University filed Critical Northeast Agricultural University
Priority to CN202010745684.3A priority Critical patent/CN111837840A/en
Publication of CN111837840A publication Critical patent/CN111837840A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/20—Cereals
    • A01G22/22—Rice
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
    • A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
    • A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
    • A01G13/0262—Mulches, i.e. covering material not-pre-formed in mats or sheets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for treating and weeding straws in a rice field, belonging to the technical field of environmental protection. The invention discloses a method for treating and weeding straws of a rice field, which comprises the following steps: (1) covering a layer of crushed rice straws on the surface of the rice field; (2) spraying straw degradation microbial inoculum to the rice straws; (3) transplanting the rice seedlings into a rice field for planting. The method can solve the problems of difficult rice field straw treatment, drug resistance generated by herbicide weeding and the like at present, and provides the method which can simultaneously carry out rice field weeding and straw treatment, and has the advantages of low cost, no pollution and simple operation.

Description

Method for treating and weeding straw in rice field
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to a method for treating and weeding straws in a rice field.
Background
Rice is a main food eaten in our lives and has a wide cultivation range in China. However, the competition between weeds in rice fields and rice for fertilizer, light and space is one of the factors which seriously affect the growth of rice. At present, the weeds in the rice fields are mainly treated by spraying the herbicide. Weeds with small volume can be effectively treated by spraying the herbicide, and some weeds with large volume are not easy to be cleared by the herbicide, so that manual weeding is needed, which undoubtedly increases the planting cost and the workload. In addition, with the use of herbicides, resistance to drugs has increased to various degrees in recent years, which has made control more difficult.
The yield of crop straws in China exceeds 10 hundred million tons every year, and the characteristics of large yield, difficult degradation and the like become stumbling stones influencing the harvest of farmers. The straws in China are often widely distributed, scattered, large in size and high in collection and transportation cost, so that the residual straws are difficult to treat, and most farmers directly burn the straws in the field after harvesting the straws. However, NO produced during incineration2、SO2And toxic gases such as NO are the main cause of atmospheric pollution. For a long time, two major factors influencing the growth of rice, namely rice field weeding and straw treatment, are treated separately. A method for simultaneously and efficiently weeding and treating straws in a rice field is lacked.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for treating and weeding straws in a rice field. The method can solve the problems of difficult rice field straw treatment, drug resistance generated by herbicide weeding and the like at present, and provides the method which can simultaneously carry out rice field weeding and straw treatment, and has the advantages of low cost, no pollution and simple operation.
The invention provides a method for treating and weeding straws in a rice field, which comprises the following steps:
(1) covering a layer of crushed rice straws on the surface of the rice field;
(2) spraying straw degradation microbial inoculum to the rice straws;
(3) transplanting the rice seedlings into a rice field for planting.
Preferably, the length of the crushed rice straw in the step (1) is 1-10 cm.
Preferably, the crushed rice straws obtained in the step (1) are crushed and pressed into meadows.
Preferably, after the covering in the step (1), water is sprayed on the crushed rice straws, so that the water content of the crushed rice straws is kept between 55 and 65 percent all the time.
Preferably, the inoculation dose of the straw degradation microbial inoculum in the step (2) is 1.5-2.5% of the dry weight of the crushed rice straws.
Preferably, the length of the rice seedling in the step (3) is 15-20 cm.
Preferably, after the transplanting in the step (3), no gap exists between the rice seedlings and the crushed rice straws.
The invention provides a method for treating and weeding straws in a rice field. The invention covers the crushed straws on the surface of the rice field, and sprays straw degradation microbial inoculum to effectively degrade the straws in the field. Meanwhile, the tight coverage of the straws enables the soil to be in a dark environment, so that the weeds cannot be subjected to photosynthesis, and the purpose of inhibiting the growth of the weeds is achieved. The method can simultaneously carry out straw treatment and weeding, degrade straws in the rice field, and save space and transportation cost; the growth of weeds is inhibited in a dark environment, so that the drug resistance generated by using herbicides is avoided; organic matters generated by straw decomposition are directly absorbed by soil, and waste recycling is realized. Test results show that by adopting the method for operation, most of crushed rice straws are crushed into filaments after 100-day experiments, and the straw degradation rate is as high as 80%; in addition, weeds in the rice planting process of the experimental group are obviously inhibited, and the effect of the herbicide is completely achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the straw degradation result of the microbial inoculum provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a method for treating and weeding straws in a rice field, which comprises the following steps:
(1) covering a layer of crushed rice straws on the surface of the rice field;
(2) spraying straw degradation microbial inoculum to the rice straws;
(3) transplanting the rice seedlings into a rice field for planting.
The invention covers a layer of crushed rice straws on the surface of a rice field. The source of the rice straw is not particularly limited, and the rice straw is preferably residual rice straw obtained after the previous year of rice harvesting. The invention preferably covers a layer of crushed rice straws on the surface of the finished rice field, so that the crushed rice straws uniformly and tightly cover the rice field. The method for finishing the rice field is not particularly limited in the invention, and the conventional rice field finishing method well known to those skilled in the art can be adopted. In the present invention, the rice field is completely protected from light after the covering. In the invention, the length of the crushed rice straw is preferably 1-10 cm, and more preferably 2-3 cm. In the invention, the crushed rice straws are preferably crushed and pressed into a meadow, so that the rice straws are convenient to place in the field, and the problem that the fragmentary straws float on the water surface is avoided. In the present invention, after the covering, water is sprayed to the pulverized rice straws so that the moisture content of the pulverized rice straws is preferably 55% to 65%, more preferably 58% to 62%. In the present invention, the water preferably includes tap water.
After covering the crushed rice straws, the invention sprays straw degradation microbial inoculum to the rice straws. The source of the straw degrading microbial inoculum is not specially limited, and the conventional commercially available straw degrading microbial inoculum well known to a person skilled in the art can be adopted, such as 'bacteria benefiting grain health' sold by the scientific and technological development limited company of bacteria benefiting grain health in Heilongjiang province. In the invention, the inoculation dose of the straw degradation microbial inoculum is 1.5-2.5% of the dry weight of the crushed rice straws, and the more preferable dose is 2%.
The invention transplants the rice seedlings into the rice field for planting. In the invention, the length of the rice seedling is 15-20 cm. In the invention, after the transplanting, no gap exists between the rice seedlings and the crushed rice straws. The planting method is not particularly limited, and a normal rice planting method well known to those skilled in the art can be adopted.
The method for treating and weeding straw in rice field according to the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following specific examples, and the technical solutions of the present invention include, but are not limited to, the following examples.
Example 1
Test materials: the rice straw is from the residue of rice harvested in the previous year; the straw degrading microbial inoculum is 'fungus Yiliangkang' sold by the fungus Yiliangkang scientific and technological development limited company of Heilongjiang province;
the embodiment provides a method for treating and weeding straws in a rice field, which comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly and tightly covering a layer of crushed rice straws with the length of 1-10 cm on the surface of the prepared rice field, and manually spraying water to keep the water content of the straws at 60 +/-5%.
(2) Uniformly spraying straw degradation microbial inoculum to the rice straws, wherein the inoculation amount is 2% of the dry weight of the straws.
(3) Transplanting the rice seedlings into a rice field when the rice seedlings grow to 15-20 cm, and carrying out normal rice planting. The rice field treated by the three steps is taken as an experimental group, a normal rice field without straw coverage is taken as a control group, and an experiment with the period of 100 days is carried out. The comparison of 100 days shows that the experimental group rice has strong and straight leaf shape, compact plant shape, developed root system and normal leaf color, and has no obvious difference from the growth condition of the control group rice on the whole. And through 100 days of experiments, most of rice straws are crushed into filaments, and the straw degradation rate is as high as 80%. In addition, the weed inhibition rate in the rice planting process of the experimental group reaches more than 90 percent, and the effect of the herbicide is completely achieved.
Example 2
Test materials: the rice straw is from the residue of rice harvested in the previous year; the straw degrading bacteria agent is 'bacteria benefiting grain health' sold by the science and technology development limited company of bacteria benefiting grain health in Heilongjiang province.
The embodiment emphasizes on verifying the effect of the microbial inoculum on degrading the straws, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly and tightly covering a layer of crushed rice straws with the length of 1-10 cm to the bottom of the foam tank, and manually spraying water to ensure that the moisture content of the straws is 60% +/-5%.
(2) Uniformly spraying straw degradation microbial inoculum to the rice straws, wherein the inoculation amount is 2% of the dry weight of the straws.
(3) The foam box was incubated at room temperature for 60 days, during which time it was manually turned over every 2 days.
As shown in figure 1, the original shape of the straw is completely destroyed after 60 days, the texture becomes soft, the surface is dark brown, and the degradation rate of the straw reaches 76%.
Comparative example 1
Test materials: the rice straw is from the residue of rice harvested in the previous year; the straw degrading bacteria agent is 'bacteria benefiting grain health' sold by the science and technology development limited company of bacteria benefiting grain health in Heilongjiang province.
This example focuses on comparing the method of the present invention with the conventional method of weeding by covering the straw, which comprises the following steps:
(1) uniformly and tightly covering a layer of crushed rice straws with the length of 1-10 cm on the surface of the prepared rice field, and manually spraying water to keep the water content of the straws at 60 +/-5%.
(2) Straw degradation microbial inoculum is uniformly sprayed into the rice straws, the inoculation amount is 2% of the dry weight of the straws (the treatment group of the invention), and the microbial inoculum is not sprayed into the control group.
(3) Transplanting the rice seedlings into a rice field when the rice seedlings grow to 15-20 cm, and carrying out normal rice planting.
After 100 days of experiments, the weed inhibition rate in the control group is 87%, the weed inhibition rate in the treatment group is 95%, and the straw degradation rate in the control group is obviously higher than that in the control group. On one hand, the straw is rapidly degraded due to the spraying of the microbial inoculum in the treatment group, and gaps among the straws become smaller, so that the weed seeds can not carry out photosynthesis and stop growing; on the other hand, after the microbial inoculum is sprayed, a large amount of heat is generated in the straw degradation process, and the straw has the effect of killing weed seeds.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A method for treating and weeding straw in a rice field comprises the following steps:
(1) covering a layer of crushed rice straws on the surface of the rice field;
(2) spraying straw degradation microbial inoculum to the rice straws;
(3) transplanting the rice seedlings into a rice field for planting.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the length of the crushed rice straw in the step (1) is 1-10 cm.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step (1) of crushing the rice straw further comprises crushing the rice straw into a meadow.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein water is sprayed to the crushed rice straw after the covering in step (1) to maintain the moisture content of the crushed rice straw at 55-65% all the time.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inoculation amount of the straw-degrading bacterial agent in the step (2) is 1.5-2.5% of the dry weight of the crushed rice straw.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the length of the rice seedling of step (3) is 15 to 20 cm.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein after the transplanting in step (3), no gap is formed between the rice seedling and the crushed rice straw.
CN202010745684.3A 2020-07-29 2020-07-29 Method for treating and weeding straw in rice field Pending CN111837840A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010745684.3A CN111837840A (en) 2020-07-29 2020-07-29 Method for treating and weeding straw in rice field

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010745684.3A CN111837840A (en) 2020-07-29 2020-07-29 Method for treating and weeding straw in rice field

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN111837840A true CN111837840A (en) 2020-10-30

Family

ID=72945948

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202010745684.3A Pending CN111837840A (en) 2020-07-29 2020-07-29 Method for treating and weeding straw in rice field

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN111837840A (en)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103626536A (en) * 2013-11-06 2014-03-12 浙江大学 Fast returning-to-field straw decomposing treatment method for fertilizing low-yield yellow-clay paddy fields in double-cropping paddy region in central China
CN105210738A (en) * 2015-11-18 2016-01-06 扬州宏大猕猴桃科技开发有限公司 A kind of orchard improving straw mulching presses down careless cultivation method
CN106342612A (en) * 2016-08-25 2017-01-25 浙江大学 Rape straw covering method for preventing and controlling rice field weeds
CN109997583A (en) * 2019-05-10 2019-07-12 上海应用技术大学 A method of it is grown using rice straw prevention and treatment fruit tree farmland weed

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103626536A (en) * 2013-11-06 2014-03-12 浙江大学 Fast returning-to-field straw decomposing treatment method for fertilizing low-yield yellow-clay paddy fields in double-cropping paddy region in central China
CN105210738A (en) * 2015-11-18 2016-01-06 扬州宏大猕猴桃科技开发有限公司 A kind of orchard improving straw mulching presses down careless cultivation method
CN106342612A (en) * 2016-08-25 2017-01-25 浙江大学 Rape straw covering method for preventing and controlling rice field weeds
CN109997583A (en) * 2019-05-10 2019-07-12 上海应用技术大学 A method of it is grown using rice straw prevention and treatment fruit tree farmland weed

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN108651104A (en) A method of by planting herbaceous plant come prevention and control bergamot pear pest and disease damage
Coventry et al. Allium white rot suppression with composts and Trichoderma viride in relation to sclerotia viability
CN100479645C (en) Organic cultivating process for chives
US9770036B2 (en) Bio-derived compositions for use in agricultural and environmental remediation
CN107245461B (en) Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B6 and application thereof
CN106535642A (en) Bio-derived compositions for use in agriculture
CN105746168B (en) A kind of pseudo-wild cultivating method of roxburgh anoectochilus terminal bud
CN109156111A (en) A kind of soil disinfection method for preventing and treating soil-borne disease
Melero-Vara et al. Use of poultry manure combined with soil solarization as a control method for Meloidogyne incognita in carnation
US10595535B2 (en) Bio-derived compositions for use in agriculture
Windels Altering community balance: Organic amendments, selection pressures, and biocontrol
CN102972192A (en) Method for improving pathogen-inhibiting and disease-controlling pesticide effect of rapeseed meal by applying myrosinase preparation in field
CN111296138A (en) Control method and application of invasive plant bidens pilosa
Guerrero et al. Low temperature biodisinfection effectiveness for Phytophthora capsici control of protected sweet pepper crops in the Southeast of Spain
CN107827491B (en) Organic fertilizer with insecticidal effect
Ghoname et al. Finding natural alternatives to methyl bromide in greenhouse cantaloupe for yield, quality and disease control
CN107227270B (en) Biological control microbial inoculum for soil-borne diseases, biological control substrate for soil-borne diseases, and preparation method and use method thereof
CN111837840A (en) Method for treating and weeding straw in rice field
CN115226455A (en) Fertilizing method for conditioning banana continuous cropping obstacle soil
CN114904900A (en) Method for promoting sweet sorghum to repair heavy metal contaminated soil by using fungi and biochar
CN115161214A (en) Biological organic fertilizer for preventing and controlling soil insects, preparation method and application
US10595536B2 (en) Bio-derived compositions
Katan Three decades of soil solarization: achievements and limitations
CN107557310B (en) Bacillus pumilus FE05 and application thereof
CN1156954A (en) New nematophage agent against nematodes of meloidogyne genus

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication
RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication

Application publication date: 20201030