CN111837554A - Rice fertilizer reduction and synergism method for returning milk vetch to field - Google Patents

Rice fertilizer reduction and synergism method for returning milk vetch to field Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111837554A
CN111837554A CN202010772980.2A CN202010772980A CN111837554A CN 111837554 A CN111837554 A CN 111837554A CN 202010772980 A CN202010772980 A CN 202010772980A CN 111837554 A CN111837554 A CN 111837554A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
stirring
fertilizer
astragalus sinicus
field
rice
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Pending
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CN202010772980.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
周爱峰
刘龙
屠人凤
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Anhui Xinfu Xiangtian Ecological Agriculture Co ltd
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Anhui Xinfu Xiangtian Ecological Agriculture Co ltd
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Priority to CN202010772980.2A priority Critical patent/CN111837554A/en
Publication of CN111837554A publication Critical patent/CN111837554A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C23/00Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
    • A01C23/04Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
    • A01C23/047Spraying of liquid fertilisers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B15/00Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
    • B05B15/20Arrangements for agitating the material to be sprayed, e.g. for stirring, mixing or homogenising
    • B05B15/25Arrangements for agitating the material to be sprayed, e.g. for stirring, mixing or homogenising using moving elements, e.g. rotating blades
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05BPHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B17/00Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/10Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a fertilizer reduction and efficiency enhancement method for rice with astragalus sinicus returned to field, which comprises the steps of using astragalus sinicus buds, matching with a nitrogen fertilizer consisting of ammonia water, ammonium nitrate and urea and a mixed fertilizer generated by mixed reaction of phosphorus pentoxide, crushing a solid part by crushing equipment, uniformly scattering the crushed solid part in the field of a paddy field, and erecting a fertilizer application guide rail, wherein stirring irrigation equipment comprises a stirring shell, a shell outer frame, a motor sleeve, a stirring motor, a stirring shaft, a stirring blade, a feed inlet, a guide wheel and a spray head, corresponding stirring irrigation equipment is arranged on the guide rail, and after uniformly stirring a liquid part of the fertilizer in the stirring irrigation equipment, the spray irrigation is carried out on the field by the spray head, so that the absorption capacity of the paddy field on the fertilizer is effectively improved, the using amount of the fertilizer is reduced, and the cost of irrigation and fertilizer application is effectively saved.

Description

Rice fertilizer reduction and synergism method for returning milk vetch to field
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizer reduction and synergism, in particular to a fertilizer reduction and synergism method for rice with astragalus sinicus returned to field.
Background
Milk vetch is a green manure variety which is planted in large area in rice areas in south, has the functions of fixing nitrogen, increasing fertility, improving soil fertility, improving environment and the like, and plays an extremely important role in agricultural production for thousands of years in China. Before the fertilizer is applied in large quantity, the production and utilization of the milk vetch make great contribution to guaranteeing the grain yield increase and the agricultural development in the south of China, since the last 80 th century, but the milk vetch planting needs a large amount of labor input, the milk vetch breeding lacks a large-scale technology, the milk vetch planting area rapidly decreases under the background of the large amount of labor transfer in rural areas of China, the problems of the quality decrease of cultivated land in the south of China, low soil productivity and the like become serious day by day due to the rapid decrease of the milk vetch area and the addition of the investment of farmyard manure such as livestock and poultry manure, and therefore, the national proposal of a great decision for the recovery and development of green manure, however, the phenomenon of insufficient supply of seeds is very common, especially the lack of milk vetch seeds, therefore, the high-yield seed of milk vetch has very important practical significance for promoting the rapid recovery and development of green manure in rice regions in the south, and the milk vetch seed reservation is the weakest link in the current green manure, in the southern rice production area of 60-70 years in the 20 th century, the traditional Chinese milk vetch seed reservation is usually carried out in the late rice seedling bed, the Chinese milk vetch seed reservation yield of the late rice seedling bed with small area is very low, usually only about 25 kilograms per mu, the Chinese milk vetch high-yield seed reservation is generally considered to be best carried out in dry land at the time, but the Chinese milk vetch seed reservation yield of the dry land is only about 35 kilograms per mu in the past, and the amount of fertilizer used for the large-area paddy field planting in the prior art is large, so that the paying cost of rice planters is large, and the fertilizer efficiency is low, and the southern rice production area is not beneficial to the large-area planting of the paddy field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fertilizer reduction and synergism method for rice with astragalus sinicus returned to field, which comprises the steps of using a flower bud seedling of astragalus sinicus, matching a nitrogen fertilizer consisting of ammonia water, ammonium nitrate and urea and a mixed fertilizer generated by mixed reaction of phosphorus pentoxide, crushing a solid part by crushing equipment, uniformly scattering the crushed solid part in the field of a paddy field, erecting a fertilizer application guide rail, installing corresponding stirring irrigation equipment on the guide rail, uniformly stirring a liquid part of the fertilizer in the stirring irrigation equipment, and then carrying out spray irrigation on the field by a spray head, thereby effectively improving the absorption capacity of the paddy field on the fertilizer, reducing the using amount of the fertilizer, effectively saving the cost of the irrigation and the fertilizer application, and solving the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a fertilizer reduction and synergism method for astragalus sinicus returning to field for rice comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: screening finished astragalus sinicus flower plants, selecting plants with strong roots and buds of astragalus sinicus to be blooming, separating the roots and the buds, concentrating the roots and the stalks, and grinding the roots and the stalks by using grinding equipment to obtain juice;
step two: adding ammonia water, ammonium nitrate and urea into a reaction kettle according to the ratio of 2:1:1, gradually adding dilute nitric acid into the reaction kettle, stirring for neutralization reaction, introducing ammonia gas into the reaction kettle, stirring and modulating reaction in an ammonia gas environment in the reaction kettle, pouring the contents of the reaction kettle into a filtering device, standing for precipitation, and separating solid from liquid;
step three: pouring the bud and rhizome grinding juice into a reaction kettle for modulation, slowly adding the solid content and deionized water, stirring uniformly, and adding phosphorus pentoxide into the reaction kettle for continuous reaction;
step four: filtering the contents in the reaction kettle by using a filtering device, air-drying the solid part, crushing the solid part into fragments by using a crushing device, uniformly spreading the fragments in the rice field, pouring the liquid part into a stirring irrigation device, installing the liquid part on a corresponding support position, and carrying out spray irrigation on the rice field.
Preferably, the cultivation method of the astragalus sinicus flower plant comprises the following steps:
step one, zero one: selecting the same variety of astragalus sinicus seeds, and carrying out rhizobium inoculation and phosphate fertilizer seed dressing on the astragalus sinicus seeds;
step one, zero and two: placing the mixed astragalus sinicus seeds in the sun for insolation for half a day to one day, mixing the astragalus sinicus seeds with fine sand, filling the mixture into a woven gunny bag, and rubbing the woven gunny bag to ensure that each astragalus sinicus seed is slightly broken;
step one, zero and three: screening fine sand in the milk vetch seeds by using screening equipment, soaking the milk vetch seeds in a salt soaking mode, cleaning salt on the milk vetch seeds by using clear water, and then uniformly sowing the milk vetch seeds in a ridge of a milk vetch field;
step one, zero and four: during the growth period of the astragalus sinicus plants, the regular weed removal and pest control work is carried out on the astragalus sinicus plants.
Preferably, in the first step, the third step, the ratio of edible salt to water adopted in the salt leaching is 1.10.
Preferably, in the first step and the second step, the mixing ratio of the astragalus sinicus seeds to the fine sand is 2: 1.
Preferably, stirring irrigation equipment includes stirring shell, outer frame of shell, motor sleeve pipe, agitator motor, (mixing) shaft, stirring vane, feed inlet, leading wheel and atomising head, the outer frame of shell is installed respectively to the upper and lower both sides of stirring shell, the upside center department of outer frame of shell is equipped with the motor sleeve pipe, the installation agitator motor in the motor sleeve pipe, the (mixing) shaft is installed on the inboard top of stirring shell, the outside of (mixing) shaft is equipped with stirring vane, the upper end both sides of stirring shell are equipped with feed inlet, downside respectively the leading wheel is installed respectively at the bottom both ends of outer frame of shell, downside the lower extreme center department of outer frame of shell installs the atomising head.
Preferably, an embedded groove for installing the guide rail is arranged at the center of the guide wheel.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a fertilizer reduction and synergism method for astragalus sinicus returning rice, which is characterized in that a flower bud seedling of astragalus sinicus is used, a nitrogen fertilizer consisting of ammonia water, ammonium nitrate and urea and a mixed fertilizer generated by mixing and reacting phosphorus pentoxide are matched, a solid part is crushed by crushing equipment and then uniformly scattered in a paddy field, a fertilizer application guide rail is erected, corresponding stirring irrigation equipment is installed on the guide rail, and after a liquid part of the fertilizer is uniformly stirred in the stirring irrigation equipment, the spraying irrigation is carried out on the paddy field by a spraying head.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the steps of the method for reducing the quantity and enhancing the efficiency of a fertilizer for rice of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart showing the steps of the cultivation method of milk vetch flower plant of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the external structure of the agitation irrigation equipment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the internal cross-sectional structure of the agitation irrigation equipment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. stirring the shell; 2. an outer housing frame; 3. a motor casing; 4. a stirring motor; 5. a stirring shaft; 6. a stirring blade; 7. a feed inlet; 8. a guide wheel; 9. a spray head.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for reducing and increasing the amount of fertilizer applied to field-returning milk vetch to rice includes the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: screening finished astragalus sinicus flower plants, selecting plants with strong roots and buds of astragalus sinicus to be blooming, separating the roots and the buds, concentrating the roots and the stalks, and grinding the roots and the stalks by using grinding equipment to obtain juice;
step two: adding ammonia water, ammonium nitrate and urea into a reaction kettle according to the ratio of 2:1:1, gradually adding dilute nitric acid into the reaction kettle, stirring for neutralization reaction, introducing ammonia gas into the reaction kettle, stirring and modulating reaction in an ammonia gas environment in the reaction kettle, pouring the contents of the reaction kettle into a filtering device, standing for precipitation, and separating solid from liquid;
step three: pouring the bud and rhizome grinding juice into a reaction kettle for modulation, slowly adding the solid content and deionized water, stirring uniformly, and adding phosphorus pentoxide into the reaction kettle for continuous reaction;
step four: filtering the contents in the reaction kettle by using a filtering device, air-drying the solid part, crushing the solid part into fragments by using a crushing device, uniformly spreading the fragments in the rice field, pouring the liquid part into a stirring irrigation device, installing the liquid part on a corresponding support position, and carrying out spray irrigation on the rice field.
Referring to fig. 2, the cultivation method of milk vetch flower plant includes the following steps:
step one, zero one: selecting the same variety of astragalus sinicus seeds, and carrying out rhizobium inoculation and phosphate fertilizer seed dressing on the astragalus sinicus seeds;
step one, zero and two: placing the mixed astragalus sinicus seeds in the sun for insolation for half a day to one day, mixing the astragalus sinicus seeds with the fine sand, filling the mixture into a woven gunny bag, and rubbing and kneading the woven gunny bag to ensure that each astragalus sinicus seed is slightly broken, wherein the mixing ratio of the astragalus sinicus seeds to the fine sand is 2: 1;
step one, zero and three: screening fine sand in the milk vetch seeds by using screening equipment, soaking the milk vetch seeds in a salt leaching mode, cleaning salt on the milk vetch seeds with clear water, and uniformly sowing the milk vetch seeds in a ridge of the milk vetch field, wherein the ratio of edible salt to water in the salt leaching is 1.10;
step one, zero and four: during the growth period of the astragalus sinicus plants, the regular weed removal and pest control work is carried out on the astragalus sinicus plants.
Referring to fig. 3-4, the agitation irrigation equipment includes an agitation housing 1, an outer housing frame 2, a motor sleeve 3, an agitation motor 4, an agitation shaft 5, an agitation blade 6, a feed port 7, a guide wheel 8 and an atomizing head 9, the outer housing frame 2 is respectively installed on the upper and lower sides of the agitation housing 1, the motor sleeve 3 is installed at the center of the upper side of the outer housing frame 2, the agitation motor 4 is installed in the motor sleeve 3, the agitation shaft 5 is installed at the top end of the inner side of the agitation housing 1, the agitation blade 6 is installed on the outer side of the agitation shaft 5, the feed port 7 is respectively installed on both sides of the upper end of the agitation housing 1, the guide wheel 8 is respectively installed at both ends of the bottom of the outer housing frame 2, an embedded groove for installing the guide rail is installed at the center of the guide wheel 8, the agitation housing 1 of the whole agitation irrigation equipment is installed, the movable water spraying and irrigating device is driven to move, so that the full automation of spraying and fertilizing of the rice paddy field is realized, the atomizing head 9 is installed at the center of the lower end of the outer frame 2 of the lower side shell, the liquid astragalus sinicus mixed fertilizer is sprayed into the rice paddy field in a vaporific mode through the atomizing head 9, the contact surface of the fertilizer and rice plants is effectively improved, the fertilizer is absorbed more easily, the spraying of useless fertilizer is reduced, and the effect of reducing and increasing the fertilizer of the rice paddy field is achieved.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: the invention relates to a fertilizer reduction and synergism method for rice, which is characterized in that a flower bud seedling of astragalus sinicus is used, nitrogen fertilizer consisting of ammonia water, ammonium nitrate and urea and mixed fertilizer generated by mixed reaction of phosphorus pentoxide are matched, a solid part is crushed by crushing equipment and then uniformly scattered in a paddy field, a fertilizer application guide rail is erected, corresponding stirring irrigation equipment is arranged on the guide rail, and after a liquid part of the fertilizer is uniformly stirred in the stirring irrigation equipment, the field is sprayed and irrigated by a spray head 9, so that the fertilizer absorption capacity of the paddy field is effectively improved.
In summary, the following steps: the invention relates to a fertilizer reduction and synergism method for rice with astragalus sinicus returned to field, which comprises the steps of using a flower bud seedling of astragalus sinicus, matching a nitrogen fertilizer consisting of ammonia water, ammonium nitrate and urea and a mixed fertilizer generated by mixed reaction of phosphorus pentoxide, crushing a solid part by crushing equipment, uniformly scattering the crushed solid part in a field of a rice field, erecting a fertilizer application guide rail, installing corresponding stirring irrigation equipment on the guide rail, uniformly stirring a liquid part of the fertilizer in the stirring irrigation equipment, and then carrying out spray irrigation on the field by a spray head 9.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical solutions and the inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A fertilizer reduction and synergism method for astragalus sinicus returning to field for rice is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: screening finished astragalus sinicus flower plants, selecting plants with strong roots and buds of astragalus sinicus to be blooming, separating the roots and the buds, concentrating the roots and the stalks, and grinding the roots and the stalks by using grinding equipment to obtain juice;
s2: adding ammonia water, ammonium nitrate and urea into a reaction kettle according to the ratio of 2:1:1, gradually adding dilute nitric acid into the reaction kettle, stirring for neutralization reaction, introducing ammonia gas into the reaction kettle, stirring and modulating reaction in an ammonia gas environment in the reaction kettle, pouring the contents of the reaction kettle into a filtering device, standing for precipitation, and separating solid from liquid;
s3: pouring the bud and rhizome grinding juice into a reaction kettle for modulation, slowly adding the solid content and deionized water, stirring uniformly, and adding phosphorus pentoxide into the reaction kettle for continuous reaction;
s4: filtering the contents in the reaction kettle by using a filtering device, air-drying the solid part, crushing the solid part into fragments by using a crushing device, uniformly spreading the fragments in the rice field, pouring the liquid part into a stirring irrigation device, installing the liquid part on a corresponding support position, and carrying out spray irrigation on the rice field.
2. The fertilizer reducing and enhancing method for astragalus sinicus returning to rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cultivation method for astragalus sinicus flower plants comprises the following steps:
s101: selecting the same variety of astragalus sinicus seeds, and carrying out rhizobium inoculation and phosphate fertilizer seed dressing on the astragalus sinicus seeds;
s102: placing the mixed astragalus sinicus seeds in the sun for insolation for half a day to one day, mixing the astragalus sinicus seeds with fine sand, filling the mixture into a woven gunny bag, and rubbing the woven gunny bag to ensure that each astragalus sinicus seed is slightly broken;
s103: screening fine sand in the milk vetch seeds by using screening equipment, soaking the milk vetch seeds in a salt soaking mode, cleaning salt on the milk vetch seeds by using clear water, and then uniformly sowing the milk vetch seeds in a ridge of a milk vetch field;
s104: during the growth period of the astragalus sinicus plants, the regular weed removal and pest control work is carried out on the astragalus sinicus plants.
3. The fertilizer reducing and increasing method for astragalus sinicus returned to field of rice as claimed in claim 2, wherein the fertilizer reducing and increasing method comprises the following steps: in S103, the ratio of edible salt to water is 1.10 in the salt leaching.
4. The fertilizer reducing and increasing method for astragalus sinicus returned to field of rice as claimed in claim 2, wherein the fertilizer reducing and increasing method comprises the following steps: in S102, the mixing ratio of the astragalus sinicus seeds to the fine sand is 2: 1.
5. The fertilizer reduction and efficiency enhancement method for rice with astragalus sinicus returned to field as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the stirring irrigation equipment comprises a stirring shell (1), a shell outer frame (2), a motor sleeve (3), a stirring motor (4), a stirring shaft (5), stirring blades (6), a feeding hole (7), a guide wheel (8) and a spray head (9), the upper side and the lower side of the stirring shell (1) are respectively provided with a shell outer frame (2), the center of the upper side of the shell outer frame (2) at the upper side is provided with a motor sleeve (3), a stirring motor (4) is arranged in the motor sleeve (3), a stirring shaft (5) is arranged at the top end of the inner side of the stirring shell (1), the outside of (mixing) shaft (5) is equipped with stirring vane (6), the upper end both sides of stirring shell (1) are equipped with feed inlet (7) respectively, the downside leading wheel (8), downside are installed respectively to the bottom both ends of outer frame of shell (2) the lower extreme center department of outer frame of shell (2) installation atomising head (9).
6. The fertilizer reducing and increasing method for astragalus sinicus returned to field of rice as claimed in claim 5, wherein the fertilizer reducing and increasing method comprises the following steps: an embedded groove for installing a guide rail is arranged at the center of the guide wheel (8).
CN202010772980.2A 2020-08-04 2020-08-04 Rice fertilizer reduction and synergism method for returning milk vetch to field Pending CN111837554A (en)

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CN202010772980.2A CN111837554A (en) 2020-08-04 2020-08-04 Rice fertilizer reduction and synergism method for returning milk vetch to field

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102515979A (en) * 2011-12-01 2012-06-27 山东金正大生态工程股份有限公司 Fertilizer containing rhizobium inoculant special for Chinese milk vetch and preparation and application thereof
CN103461046A (en) * 2013-09-23 2013-12-25 湖南省土壤肥料研究所 Astragalus sinicus single-season rice high-yield efficient seed reservation method
CN106342615A (en) * 2016-08-24 2017-01-25 农祥堂 Planting method of pollution-free rice
CN107226723A (en) * 2017-06-12 2017-10-03 吉林农业大学 A kind of method that utilization agricultural organic waste degraded prepares fertilizer
CN206993709U (en) * 2017-05-12 2018-02-13 湖南粮安种业科技有限公司 A kind of novel rice seedbed fertilizer placement apparatus

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102515979A (en) * 2011-12-01 2012-06-27 山东金正大生态工程股份有限公司 Fertilizer containing rhizobium inoculant special for Chinese milk vetch and preparation and application thereof
CN103461046A (en) * 2013-09-23 2013-12-25 湖南省土壤肥料研究所 Astragalus sinicus single-season rice high-yield efficient seed reservation method
CN106342615A (en) * 2016-08-24 2017-01-25 农祥堂 Planting method of pollution-free rice
CN206993709U (en) * 2017-05-12 2018-02-13 湖南粮安种业科技有限公司 A kind of novel rice seedbed fertilizer placement apparatus
CN107226723A (en) * 2017-06-12 2017-10-03 吉林农业大学 A kind of method that utilization agricultural organic waste degraded prepares fertilizer

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Application publication date: 20201030