CN111834318A - 电性贴附结构及其形成方法 - Google Patents

电性贴附结构及其形成方法 Download PDF

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CN111834318A
CN111834318A CN201911013658.5A CN201911013658A CN111834318A CN 111834318 A CN111834318 A CN 111834318A CN 201911013658 A CN201911013658 A CN 201911013658A CN 111834318 A CN111834318 A CN 111834318A
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contact
contact pad
electrode
substrate
liquid layer
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CN111834318B (zh
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陈立宜
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Mikro Mesa Technology Co Ltd
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Mikro Mesa Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种电性贴附结构,其包含基板、接触垫组以及微型元件以及电极的组合。接触垫组位于基板之上,接触垫组包含至少一个接触垫,并且至少一个接触垫是导电的。该组合位于接触垫组之上。电极的相对两侧分别与微型元件以及接触垫组相接触,至少接触垫组与电极定义至少一个体积空间。至少一个体积空间在基板上的垂直投影重叠于接触垫组与电极的一个在基板上的垂直投影,并且被微型元件的外周边在基板上的垂直投影所包围。此电性贴附结构可使接触周边大于原始接触周边,以增强由液体层所产生用于抓住电极的毛细力。

Description

电性贴附结构及其形成方法
技术领域
本发明涉及电性贴附结构,特别是涉及一种电性贴附结构以及一种形成电性贴附结构的方法。
背景技术
用于转移元件的传统技术包含借由芯片接合从转移芯片转移到接收基板。一种这样的实施方式是「直接接合」,其涉及从转移芯片到接收基板的元件阵列的一个接合步骤,然后再移除转移芯片。另一种这样的实施方式是「间接接合」,其涉及两个接合/剥离步骤。在间接接合中,转移头可以从施主基板拾取元件阵列,再将元件阵列接合到接收基板,然后移除转移头。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的缺陷,而提出一种电性贴附结构及其形成方法,使得微型元件能更佳地保持在适当位置以便于后续黏合。
依据本发明一些实施例,提供一种电性贴附结构,其包含基板、接触垫组以及微型元件以及电极的组合。接触垫组位于基板之上,其中接触垫组包含至少一个接触垫,并且至少一个接触垫是导电的。微型元件以及电极的组合位于接触垫组之上,电极的相对两侧分别与微型元件以及接触垫组相接触,其中至少接触垫组与电极定义至少一个体积空间。至少一个体积空间在基板上的垂直投影重叠于接触垫组与电极的一个在基板上的垂直投影。至少一个体积空间在基板上的垂直投影被微型元件的外周边在基板上的垂直投影所包围。
依据本发明一实施例,电性贴附结构还包含黏着层位于接触垫组与基板之间。
依据本发明一实施例,至少一个接触垫的数量为多个。
依据本发明一实施例,微型元件的侧向长度小于或等于100微米。
依据本发明一实施例,至少一个体积空间的数量为多个。
依据本发明一些实施例,提供一种形成电性贴附结构的方法,其包含:在基板上形成接触垫组,其中接触垫组包含至少一个接触垫,并且至少一个接触垫是导电的;将微型元件以及电极的组合放置于接触垫组之上,而使电极的相对两侧分别与微型元件以及接触垫组接触,其中至少接触垫组以及电极定义至少一个体积空间,至少一个体积空间在基板上的垂直投影重叠于接触垫组与电极的一个在基板上的垂直投影,并且至少一个体积空间在基板上的垂直投影被该微型元件的外周边在该基板上的垂直投影所包围;在电极以及接触垫组之间形成液体层,以使微型元件被液体层所产生的毛细力抓住;以及蒸发液体层,使得电极贴附至接触垫组并且与接触垫组电性连接。
依据本发明一实施例,形成液体层包含:在包含蒸气的环境,降低接触垫组的温度,使至少一部份的蒸气凝结以形成液体层。
依据本发明一实施例,至少一个接触垫的数量为多个。
依据本发明一实施例,形成液体层包含:在基板上喷洒蒸气,使得至少一部分的蒸气凝结以形成液体层。
依据本发明一实施例,蒸气的水蒸气压高于环境水蒸气压。
依据本发明一实施例,蒸气包含氮及水。
依据本发明一实施例,此方法还包含在形成接触垫组之前,在基板上形成黏着层。
依据本发明一实施例,液体层包含水。
依据本发明一实施例,液体层在露点的温度下形成。
依据本发明一实施例,蒸发液体层包含:在液体层被蒸发后,升高接触垫组的温度,使得电极黏附固定至接触垫组。
依据本发明一实施例,接触垫组以及电极的至少一个包含黏合材料,且此方法还包含:在蒸发液体层后,升高接触垫组的温度至高于黏合材料的熔点。
依据本发明一实施例,接触垫组以及电极的至少一个包含黏合材料,且此方法还包含:在蒸发液体层后,升高接触垫组的温度至低于黏合材料的熔点并高于液体层的沸点。
依据本发明一实施例,此方法还包含:在蒸发液体层后,升高接触垫组的温度至高于接触垫组与电极的共晶点。
依据本发明一实施例,当微型元件被毛细力抓住时,介于电极以及接触垫组之间的液体层的厚度小于微型元件的厚度。
依据本发明一些实施例,提供一种电性贴附结构,其包含基板、接触垫组以及微型元件以及电极的组合。接触垫组位于基板之上,其中接触垫组包含至少一个接触垫,并且至少一个接触垫是导电的。微型元件以及电极的组合位于接触垫组之上,电极的相对两侧分别与微型元件以及接触垫组相接触,电极的底接触表面与接触垫组的顶接触表面相接触。底接触表面以及顶接触表面中的一个在基板上的垂直投影,基于底接触表面以及顶接触表面中的另外一个基板上的垂直投影,被分成至少一个重叠部分与至少一个非重叠部分。至少一个重叠部分以及至少一个非重叠部分被微型元件的外周边在基板上的垂直投影所包围。
本发明与现有技术相比具有明显的优点和有益效果。借由上述技术方案,本发明的电性贴附结构及其形成方法用以帮助电极与接触垫组间的液体层抓住电极并将电极贴附至接触垫组,使得接触周边大于原始接触周边,以增强由液体层所产生用于抓住电极的毛细力。
以上所述仅是用以阐述本发明所欲解决的问题、解决问题的技术手段、及其产生的功效等等,本发明的具体细节将在下文的实施例及相关图式中详细介绍。
附图说明
为让本发明的上述和其他目的、特征、优点与实施例能更明显易懂,所附图式的说明如下:
图1A为依据本发明一些实施例的电性贴附结构的剖面示意图;
图1B为依据本发明一些实施例的电性贴附结构的透视示意图;
图1C为依据本发明一些实施例的接触垫组的顶接触表面的仰视示意图;
图1D为依据本发明一些实施例的电极的底接触表面的仰视示意图;
图1E为依据本发明一些实施例当电极靠近或接触接触垫组时,图1C中的接触垫组以及图1D中的电极的仰视示意图;
图1F为依据本发明一些实施例的接触周边的示意图;
图1G为依据本发明一些实施例的原始接触周边的示意图;
图1H为依据本发明一些实施例的分别与电极以及接触垫组相接触的液体层的透视示意图;
图2A为依据本发明一些实施例的接触垫组的顶接触表面的仰视示意图;
图2B为依据本发明一些实施例的电极底接触表面的仰视示意图;
图2C为依据本发明一些实施例当电极靠近或接触接触垫组时,图2A中的接触垫组以及图2B中的电极的仰视示意图;
图3A为依据本发明一些实施例的一种类型的接触垫组的剖面示意图;
图3B为依据本发明一些实施例的一种类型的接触垫组的剖面示意图;
图3C为依据本发明一些实施例的一种类型的接触垫组的剖面示意图;
图3D为依据本发明一些实施例的一种类型的接触垫组的剖面示意图;
图4A为依据本发明一些实施例的电性贴附结构的剖面示意图;
图4B为依据本发明一些实施例的接触垫组的顶接触表面的仰视示意图;
图4C为依据本发明一些实施例的电极的底接触表面的仰视示意图;
图4D为依据本发明一些实施例当电极靠近或接触接触垫组时,图4B中的接触垫组以及图4C中的电极的俯视示意图;
图4E为依据本发明一些实施例之一接触垫组之一顶接触表面的仰视示意仰视示意图;
图4F为依据本发明一些实施例的电极的底接触表面的仰视示意图;
图4G为依据本发明一些实施例当电极靠近或接触接触垫组时,图4E中的接触垫组以及图4F中的电极的俯视示意图;
图5为依据本发明一些实施例当电极靠近或接触接触垫组时,接触垫组以及电极的仰视示意图;
图6A为依据本发明一些实施例的接触垫组的顶接触表面的仰视示意图;
图6B为依据本发明一些实施例的电极的底接触表面的仰视示意图;
图6C为依据本发明一些实施例当电极靠近或接触接触垫组时,图6A中的接触垫组以及图6B中的电极的仰视示意图;
图7A为依据本发明一些实施例的电性贴附结构的剖面示意图;
图7B为依据本发明一些实施例当电极靠近或接触接触垫组时,接触垫组以及电极的仰视示意图;
图8为依据本发明一些实施例当电极靠近或接触接触垫组时,接触垫组以及电极的仰视示意图;
图9为依据本发明一些实施例的形成电性贴附结构的方法的流程图;
图10A为依据本发明一些实施例是形成电性贴附结构的方法的中间阶段剖面示意图;
图10B为依据本发明一些实施例的形成电性贴附结构的方法的中间阶段剖面示意图;
图10C为依据本发明一些实施例的形成电性贴附结构的方法的中间阶段剖面示意图;
图10D为依据本发明一些实施例之形成电性贴附结构的方法之中间阶段剖面示意图;
图11为依据本发明一些实施例的电性贴附结构的分解示意图;
图12为依据本发明一些实施例说明电极的底接触表面在基板上的投影与接触垫组的顶接触表面在基板上的投影间的重叠的简化分解示意图;以及
图13为依据本发明一些实施例的与图3B相同并具有额外标示的接触垫组的剖面示意图。
【主要元件符号说明】
100A/100B/100E:电性贴附结构
110:基板
120A/120A’/120A”/120A”’/120B/120B’/120C/120D/120E/120F:接触垫组
120A-1/120C-1:接触垫
120A-2/120A’-2/120A”-2/120A”’-2/130B-2/130B’-2/120C-2/120D-2/120E-2/120F-2:体积空间
120A-tcs/120A’-tcs/120A”-tcs/120B-tcs/120B’-tcs/120D-tcs:顶接触表面
120A”-tncs:顶部非接触表面
130A/130A’/130B/130B’/130C/130D/130E/130F:电极
130A-bcs/130A’-bcs/130B-bcs/130B’-bcs/130D-bcs:底接触表面
130A-bcs-1:重叠部分
130A-bcs-2:非重叠部分
140:微型元件
150:液体层
152:弯月面
200:方法
L:侧向长度
OP:外周边
CP/CP1/CP2:接触周边
PCP:原始接触周边
210-240:操作
T:厚度
具体实施方式
以下将以图式及详细说明阐述本发明的精神,任何所属技术领域中的技术人员在了解本发明的较佳实施例后,当可由本发明所教示的技术,加以改变及修饰,其并不脱离本发明的精神与范围。
在各种实施例中,参考附图进行描述。然而,某些实施例可以在没有这些实务细节中的一个或多个的情况下实施,或者与其他已知方法及配置组合实施。在以下的叙述中,为明确说明起见,许多实务上的细节,例如实务上的配置、尺寸及制程等,将在以下叙述中一并说明。此外,一些习知惯用的半导体制程与制造技术并没有被特别详细地描述,以免不必要地模糊本发明。贯穿全篇说明书对「一个实施例」、「实施例」等的引用意味着与该实施例相关的描述的特定特征、结构、配置或者特性系包含在本发明的至少一个实施例中。因此,贯穿全篇说明书在各个地方出现的词组「在一个实施例中」、「在实施例中」等不一定是指本发明的相同实施例。此外,特定特征、结构、配置或者特性可以在一个或多个实施例中以任何适合的方式组合。
这里使用的术语「在......的上方」、「到」、「于」、「至」、「在......之间」、及「在...之上」可以指一层相对于其他层的相对位置。一层在另一层「的上方」或「之上」或黏合「到」、「于」或「至」另一层可以是直接与另一层接触,或者可以具有一个或多个中间层。多个层「之间」的一层可以直接与这些层接触,或者可以具有一个或多个中间层。
请参照图1A至图1H,图1A为依据本发明一些实施例的电性贴附结构100A的剖面示意图。电性贴附结构100A包含基板110、接触垫组120A、以及微型元件140以及电极130A的组合。接触垫组120A位于基板110之上,其中接触垫组120A包含至少一个接触垫120A-1,并且接触垫120A-1为导电的。在一些实施例中,接触垫组120A的厚度小于或等于约2微米(μm),并且优选地小于或等于约0.5微米。微型元件140以及电极130A的组合位于接触垫组120A之上。在一些实施例中,电极130A的厚度范围为约0.2微米至约2微米,并且优选地范围为约0.3微米至约1微米。电极130A的相对两侧分别与微型元件140以及接触垫组120A相接触,其中至少接触垫组120A与电极130A定义至少一个体积空间120A-2。在一些实施例中,至少一个体积空间120A-2的数量为多个。至少一个体积空间120A-2在基板110上的垂直投影重叠于接触垫组120A与电极130A中的一个在基板110上的垂直投影。具体地,至少一个体积空间120A-2在基板110上的垂直投影重叠于接触垫组120A与电极130A中的仅一个在基板110上的垂直投影。在图1A所示的实施例中,体积空间120A-2在基板110上的垂直投影重叠于电极130A在基板110上的垂直投影,但并不重叠于接触垫组120A在基板110上的垂直投影。体积空间120A-2在基板110上的垂直投影被微型元件140的外周边OP在基板110上的垂直投影所包围。
图1B为依据本发明一些实施例的电性贴附结构100A的透视示意图,图1C为依据本发明一些实施例的接触垫组120A的仰视示意图,图1D为依据本发明一些实施例的电极130A的仰视示意图,图1E为依据本发明一些实施例当电极130A靠近或接触接触垫组120A时,图1C中的接触垫组120A以及图1D中的电极130A的仰视示意图,图1F为依据本发明一些实施例的接触周边CP的示意图,图1G为依据本发明一些实施例的原始接触周边PCP的示意图,图1H为依据本发明一些实施例的分别与电极130A以及接触垫组120A相接触的液体层150的透视示意图。
图1B至图1D示出了图1A所示的可能配置中的一个。图1B提供了三维视图,其使得电性贴附结构100A的结构特征更容易理解。在一些实施例中,由于接触垫组120A(接触垫组120A的顶接触表面120A-tcs)(例如在图1C中所例示的「H」的形状)以及电极130A(电极130A的底接触表面130A-bcs)(例如在图1D中所例示的正方形或长方形)形状上的不同,当接触垫组120A与电极130A靠近它们之间的液体层150(例如水层)并且液体层150的相对两侧分别接触接触垫组120A与电极130A时,接触周边CP(如图1F所示),即在顶接触表面120A-tcs与底接触表面130A-bcs接触之后形成的周边,该周边的总长度大于原始接触周边PCP的总长度,其中接触垫组120A的形状并非「故意设计」的(如图1G所示)。图1H可能也有助于理解所叙述的实施例。这些「故意设计」的形状被设计以增加接触垫组120A与电极130A之间的接触周边CP的总长度。以图1C与图1D所示的实施例为例,当接触垫组120A的形状为「H」并且电极130A的形状为正方形(或长方形)时,接触周边CP大于原始接触周边PCP,其中接触垫组120A与电极130A两者的形状均为正方形或长方形。值得注意的是,如果重新填充所述「H」的两个凹陷部分,则被填充后的H的区域(即,也是正方形或是长方形)将与由原始接触周边PCP所包围的区域相同。说明上述实施例的透视(三维视)图如图1B及图1H所示。在图1C至图1E所示的实施例中,体积空间120A-2被电极130A从顶部、接触垫组120A从侧边、基板110从底部、以及微型元件140的外周边OP相对于X-Y平面的垂直投影从侧边所定义。
在一些实施例中,电极130A可靠近接触垫组120A并与它们之间的液体层150相接触,使得电极130A与其上的微型元件140被液体层150所产生的毛细力抓住(例如,参考图1H,其中由于毛细力而形成的液体层150的弯月面152)。然后,液体层150被蒸发使得电极130A黏附固定并贴附至接触垫组120A。在这些实施例中,由于接触垫组120A被设计为「H」形,此毛细力大于当电极130A与接触垫组120A都被设计成正方形时的情况。此较大的毛细力对于贴附的质量以及随后电极130A与接触垫组120A之间的黏合有很大帮助,因为当电极130A黏附于液体层150时,毛细力可以帮助将电极130A固定在可控区域内。进一步地,在液体层150蒸发时和液体层150蒸发之后,此毛细力可以有助于在电极130A与接触垫组120A之间形成贴附(以及也形成黏合)。此贴附为这些种类的液体层150中发现的特殊现象,有助于抓住与接触。此黏合是两个物体(通常为金属)相接触并且原子在两物体间扩散时产生的现象。在一些实施例中,微型元件140的侧向长度L小于或等于约100微米,侧向长度L的限制是为了确保毛细力显著地帮助并支配电极130A与接触垫组120A之间的贴附。
值得注意的是,当电极130A的底接触表面130A-bcs与接触垫组120A的顶接触表面120A-tcs接触时,所述的接触周边CP以及原始接触周边PCP可被解释为单个接触周边(或是多个分离的接触周边,如稍后将在一些实施例中所提到的)。当液体层150的相对两侧介于并分别与电极130A以及接触垫组120A相接触时,它们也可以被解释为单个接触周边(或是多个接触周边)。在这种情形之下,接触周边CP(以及原始接触周边PCP)被视为具有厚度T(如图1H所示)的周边,而厚度T为从电极130A的底接触表面130A-bcs经由液体层150的周边测量到接触垫组120A的顶接触表面120A-tcs。
请参照图2A至图2C,图2A为依据本发明一些实施例的接触垫组120A’的顶接触表面120A’-tcs的仰视示意图,图2B为依据本发明一些实施例的电极130A’的底接触表面130A’-bcs的仰视示意图,图2C为依据本发明一些实施例当电极130A’靠近或接触接触垫组120A’时,图2A中的接触垫组120A’以及图2B中的电极130A’的仰视示意图。注意图1A也可以被图2A至图2C所解释,因为图1A是剖面图。图2A至图2C所示的实施例与图1C至图1E所示的实施例,差别在于体积空间120A’-2与接触垫组120A’之间的几何关系不同于体积空间120A-2与接触垫组120A之间的几何关系。具体而言,图2A至图2C所示的体积空间120A’-2完全被X-Y平面上的接触垫120A’所包围,而图1C至图1E所示体积空间120A-2于X-Y平面上,在一个侧边被暴露,并且由接触垫120A围绕四个侧边中的三个侧边。然而,如图2A至图2C所示的实施例的技术效果类似于图1C至图1E所示实施例的技术效果,将不再详细描述。值得注意的是,接触周边CP包含彼此分离的两个不同的接触周边CP1、CP2,接触周边CP为接触周边CP1、CP2的和。在以下不同实施例的内容中,即使存在不同形状的接触周边CP,接触周边为简单起见仅被标示为「CP」。在图2A至图2C所示的实施例中,体积空间120A’-2被电极130A’从顶部、接触垫组120A’从侧边、以及基板110从底部所定义。
请参照图3A至图3D,图3A至图3D分别为依据本发明一些实施例的四种类型的接触垫组的剖面示意图,图3A所示的接触垫120A(120A’)可被视为与图1A至图2C所示的相同。在图3B、图3C以及图3D所示的接触垫组120A”及120A”’中,部分的接触垫组120A”及120A”’位于体积空间120A”-2及120A”’-2之下,以至于体积空间120A”-2及120A”’-2仅由电极130A(130A’)、接触垫组120A”(120A”’)、以及选择性地由微型元件140的外周边OP借由如上所述的「垂直投影」限制所定义。在图3B、图3C以及图3D所示的实施例中,体积空间120A”-2及120A”’-2分别被电极130A(130A’)从顶部、接触垫组120A”、120A”’从侧边与底部、以及选择性地由微型元件140的外周边OP相对于X-Y平面的垂直投影从侧边所定义。
请参照图4A至图4G,图4A至图4G所示的实施例与图1A至图3C所示的实施例,差别在于接触垫组(120A系列)的结构特征以及电极(130A系列)的结构特征系互换。具体而言,故意设计的形状现在被形成于电极上。图4A为依据本发明一些实施例的电性贴附结构100B的剖面示意图,图4B为依据本发明一些实施例的接触垫组120B的顶接触表面120B-tcs的仰视示意图,图4C为依据本发明一些实施例的电极130B的底接触表面130B-bcs的仰视示意图,图4D系为依据本发明一些实施例当电极130B靠近或接触接触垫组120B时,图4B中的接触垫组120B以及图4C中的电极130B的俯视示意图。体积空间130B-2被电极130B从侧边、接触垫组120B从底部、微型元件140从顶部、以及选择性地由微型元件140的外周边OP相对于X-Y平面的垂直投影从侧边所定义。
请参照图4E至图4G,图4E为依据本发明一些实施例的接触垫组120B’的顶接触表面120B’-tcs的仰视示意图,图4F为依据本发明一些实施例的电极130B’的底接触表面130B’-bcs的仰视示意图,图4G为依据本发明一些实施例当电极130B’靠近或接触接触垫组120B’时,图4E中的接触垫组120B’以及图4F中的电极130B’的俯视示意图。体积空间130B’-2被电极130B’从侧边、微型元件140从顶部、以及接触垫组120B’从底部所定义。
请参照图5,图5为依据本发明一些实施例当电极130C靠近或接触接触垫组120C时,接触垫组120C以及电极130C的仰视示意图。在这些实施例中,接触垫组120C包含多个接触垫120C-1,这些接触垫120C-1的至少一个被电性连接至施加电压源(未显示于图中),而其他的接触垫120C-1(单个或多个)可被电性浮接(在电极130C接触接触垫120C-1之前),因为它/它们被用于增加电极130C与接触垫组120C之间的毛细力。值得注意的是,此处的体积空间120C-2并未延伸到微型元件140的外周边OP之外。具体而言,体积空间120C-2的有效性应总是遵守上面提到的「垂直投影」限制。也就是说,体积空间120C-2在基板110上的垂直投影被微型元件140的外周边OP在基板110上的垂直投影所包围。尽管在微型元件140的外周边OP之外可能存在连续延伸的「空间」,但是这些「空间」不会有助于如上所述液体层150所产生的毛细力的增加。另外值得注意的是,如同前面提到的实施例一样,接触垫组120C以及电极130C的结构特征可被互换。
请参照图6A至图6C,图6A为依据本发明一些实施例的接触垫组120D的顶接触表面120D-tcs的仰视示意图,图6B为依据本发明一些实施例的电极130D的底接触表面130D-bcs的仰视示意图,图6C为依据本发明一些实施例当电极130D靠近或接触接触垫组120D时,图6A中的接触垫组120D以及图6B中的电极130D的仰视示意图。在这些实施例中,微型元件140的尺寸(或侧向长度)小于接触垫组120D,因此,体积空间120D-2的边界明显受到微型元件140的外周边OP的限制,其也遵守上面提到的「垂直投影」限制。
请参照图7A、图7B以及图8,图7A为依据本发明一些实施例的电性贴附结构100E的剖面示意图,图7B为依据本发明一些实施例当电极130E靠近或接触接触垫组120E时,接触垫组120E以及电极130E的仰视示意图,图8为依据本发明一些实施例当电极130F靠近或接触接触垫组120F时,接触垫组120F以及电极130F的仰视示意图。图7A与图7B示出了接触垫组120E具有锯齿形(zigzag)(或类似于锯齿形)的实施例,而图8示出了具有类似螺旋形的接触垫组120F的实施例。上述实施例展示了一些其他可能的结构特征,这些结构特征遵守如上所述的所有限制,并且也能够增加所述毛细力。
图9为依据本发明一些实施例的形成电性贴附结构100A的方法200的流程图,图10A至图10D为图9的方法200的中间阶段剖面示意图。请参照图9至图10D,方法200开始于操作210,其中接触垫组120A形成于基板110上,而其中接触垫组120A包含至少接触垫120A-1,并且接触垫120A-1为导电的(参照图10A)。在一些实施例中,在形成接触垫组120A之前,在基板110上形成黏着层(未显示于图中)。方法200继续进行操作220,其中微型元件140以及电极130A的组合被放置于接触垫组120A之上,而使电极130A的相对两侧分别与微型元件140以及接触垫组120A相接触。至少接触垫组120A以及电极130A定义至少一个体积空间120A-2。体积空间120A-2在基板110上的垂直投影重叠于接触垫组120A与电极130A中的一个在基板110上的垂直投影。在本实施例中,体积空间120A-2在基板110上的垂直投影重叠于电极130A在基板110上的垂直投影。所述体积空间120A-2在基板110上的垂直投影被微型元件140的外周边OP在基板110上的垂直投影所包围(参照图10B)。
方法200继续进行操作230,其中液体层150被形成于电极130A以及接触垫组120A之间,以使微型元件140被液体层150所产生的毛细力抓住。在一些实施例中,液体层150包含水。值得注意的是,操作220与操作230可以被互换。在一些其他实施例中,液体层150被形成于接触垫组120A之上,接着电极130A以及微型元件140的组合被放置于接触垫组120A之上,使得电极130A接触液体层150,并且被液体层150所产生的毛细力抓住。在一些实施例中,液体层150可借由在包含蒸气的环境降低接触垫组120A的温度而形成,使至少一部份的此蒸气凝结以形成液体层150。在一些实施例中,液体层150在大约露点的温度下形成。在一些实施例中,液体层150可以借由在基板110上喷洒蒸气来形成,使得至少一部分的蒸气凝结以形成液体层150。在一些实施例中,此蒸气的水蒸气压高于环境的水蒸气压,蒸气基本上由氮及水所组成。在一些实施例中,当微型元件140被液体层150所产生的毛细力抓住时,介于电极130A以及接触垫组120A间的液体层150的厚度小于微型元件140的厚度。
方法200继续进行操作240,其中液体层150被蒸发,使得电极130A黏附固定并贴附至接触垫组120A并且与接触垫组120A电性连接。在一些实施例中,借由升高接触垫组120A的温度来蒸发液体层150。在一些实施例中,接触垫组120A与电极130A中的一个包含黏合材料,并且接触垫组120A的温度可被进一步升高到一温度点,以将电极130A黏合到接触垫组120A。此温度点可高于黏合材料的熔点,低于黏合材料的熔点并高于液体层150的沸点,或是高于接触垫组120A与电极130A的共晶点。接触垫组120A与电极130A中的一个可包含铜(copper)及富含铜(copper rich)的材料之一。此黏合材料可为富含锡(tin rich)的材料、富含铟(indium rich)的材料、或是富含钛(titanium rich)的材料。这里的「富含」意味着占原子总数的一半以上。
在上述接触周边CP大于上述原始接触周边PCP的条件下,电性贴附结构(例如,电性贴附结构100A、100B与100E可被以其他方式说明,其也可以实现增加用于抓住电极(例如,电极130A、130A’、130B、130B’、130C、130D、130E及130F)至接触垫组(例如,接触垫组120A、120A’、120A”、120A”’、120B、120B’、120C、120D、120E及120F)的毛细力。
请参照图11至图13,图11为依据本发明一些实施例的电性贴附结构100A的分解示意图,图12为依据本发明一些实施例说明电极130A的底接触表面130A-bcs在基板110上放入投影与接触垫组120A的顶接触表面120A-tcs在基板110上的投影间的重叠的简化分解示意图,图13为依据本发明一些实施例的与图3B相同并具有额外标示的接触垫组120A”的剖面示意图。以电性贴附结构100A为例(但不应限于此),电极130A的底接触表面130A-bcs与接触垫组120A的顶接触表面120A-tcs相接触,其中底接触表面130A-bcs以及顶接触表面120A-tcs其中的一个在基板110上的垂直投影,基于底接触表面130A-bcs以及顶接触表面120A-tcs的另外一个在基板110上的垂直投影,被分成至少一个重叠部分与至少一个非重叠部分。注意,在本实施例中,是电极130A的底接触表面130A-bcs的垂直投影被分成一个重叠部分130A-bcs-1以及一个非重叠部分130A-bcs-2(参照图12)。
具体而言,重叠部分130A-bcs-1重叠于顶接触表面120A-tcs在基板110上的垂直投影,而非重叠部分130A-bcs-2不重叠于顶接触表面120A-tcs在基板110上的垂直投影。重叠部分130A-bcs-1与非重叠部分130A-bcs-2两者都被微型元件140的外周边OP在基板110上的垂直投影所包围,并且仅有那些被微型元件140的外周边OP在基板110上的垂直投影所包围的才可以被视为重叠部分130A-bcs-1与非重叠部分130A-bcs-2。值得注意的是,在接触垫组120A”具有位于体积空间120A”-2下方的的表面的实施例中,所述表面是接触垫组120A”的顶部非接触表面120A”-tncs,因为当电极130A与接触垫组120A”接触时,它并不会与电极130A接触(如图13所示)。显然地,顶部非接触表面120A”-tncs是不同于并且区别于顶接触表面120A”-tcs。
在像图4A所示的一些其他实施例中,情况可以颠倒(也即,接触垫组120B的顶接触表面在基板110上的垂直投影被分成一个重叠部分以及一个非重叠部分)。
综上所述,一种电性贴附结构及其形成方法提供以帮助电极与接触垫组间之液体层抓住电极并将电极贴附至接触垫组。此电性贴附结构正如同说明书所述,可使接触周边大于原始接触周边,以增强由液体层所产生用于抓住电极的毛细力。
虽然本发明已以实施例发明如上,然其并非用以限定本发明,任何本技术领域的技术人员,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内,当可作各种的更动与润饰,因此本发明的保护范围当以权利要求所界定的范围为准。

Claims (20)

1.一种电性贴附结构,其特征在于,包含:
基板;
接触垫组位于所述基板之上,其中所述接触垫组包含至少一个接触垫,并且所述至少一个接触垫是导电的;以及
微型元件以及电极的组合,位于所述接触垫组之上,所述电极的相对两侧分别与所述微型元件以及所述接触垫组相接触,其中至少所述接触垫组与所述电极定义至少一个体积空间,所述至少一个体积空间在所述基板上的垂直投影重叠于所述接触垫组与所述电极的一个在所述基板上的垂直投影,并且被所述微型元件的外周边在所述基板上的垂直投影所包围。
2.如权利要求1所述的电性贴附结构,其特征在于,还包含黏着层介于所述接触垫组与所述基板之间。
3.如权利要求1所述的电性贴附结构,其特征在于,所述至少一个接触垫的数量为多个。
4.如权利要求1所述之电性贴附结构,其特征在于,所述微型元件的侧向长度小于或等于100微米。
5.如权利要求1所述之电性贴附结构,其特征在于,所述至少一体积空间的数量为多个。
6.一种形成电性贴附结构的方法,其特征在于,包含:
在基板上形成接触垫组,其中所述接触垫组包含至少一个接触垫,并且所述至少一个接触垫是导电的;
将微型元件以及电极的组合放置于所述接触垫组之上,而使所述电极的相对两侧分别与所述微型元件以及所述接触垫组相接触,其中至少所述接触垫组以及所述电极定义至少一个体积空间,所述至少一个体积空间在所述基板上的垂直投影重叠于所述接触垫组与所述电极的一个在所述基板上的垂直投影,并且被所述微型元件的外周边在所述基板上的垂直投影所包围;
在所述电极以及所述接触垫组之间形成液体层,以使所述微型元件被所述液体层所产生的毛细力抓住;以及
蒸发所述液体层,使得所述电极贴附至所述接触垫组并且与所述接触垫组电性连接。
7.如权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于,形成所述液体层包含:
在包含蒸气的环境,降低所述接触垫组的温度,使至少一部份的所述蒸气凝结以形成所述液体层。
8.如权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于,所述至少一个接触垫的数量为多个。
9.如权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于,形成所述液体层包含:
在所述基板上喷洒蒸气,使得至少一部分的蒸气凝结以形成所述液体层。
10.如权利要求9所述的方法,其特征在于,所述蒸气的水蒸气压高于环境水蒸气压。
11.如权利要求9所述的方法,其特征在于,所述蒸气包含氮及水。
12.如权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于,还包含在形成所述接触垫组之前,在所述基板上形成黏着层。
13.如权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于,所述液体层包含水。
14.如权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于,所述液体层在露点的温度下形成。
15.如权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于,蒸发所述液体层包含:
在所述液体层被蒸发后,升高所述接触垫组的温度,使得所述电极黏附固定至所述接触垫组。
16.如权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于,所述接触垫组以及所述电极的至少一个包含黏合材料,并且所述方法还包含:
在蒸发所述液体层后,升高所述接触垫组的温度至高于所述黏合材料的熔点。
17.如权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于,所述接触垫组以及所述电极的至少一个包含黏合材料,并且所述方法还包含:
在蒸发所述液体层后,升高所述接触垫组的温度至低于所述黏合材料的熔点并高于所述液体层的沸点。
18.如权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于,还包含:
在蒸发所述液体层后,升高所述接触垫组的温度至高于所述接触垫组与所述电极的共晶点。
19.如权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于,当所述微型元件被所述毛细力抓住时,介于所述电极以及所述接触垫组之间的所述液体层的厚度小于所述微型元件的厚度。
20.一种电性贴附结构,其特征在于,包含:
基板;
接触垫组位于所述基板之上,其中所述接触垫组包含至少一个接触垫,并且所述至少一个接触垫是导电的;以及
微型元件以及电极的组合位于所述接触垫组之上,所述电极的相对两侧分别与所述微型元件以及所述接触垫组相接触,所述电极的底接触表面与所述接触垫组的顶接触表面相接触,其中所述底接触表面以及所述顶接触表面中的一个在所述基板上的垂直投影,基于所述底接触表面以及所述顶接触表面中的另一个在所述基板上的垂直投影,被分成至少一个重叠部分与至少一个非重叠部分,并且所述至少一个重叠部分以及所述至少一个非重叠部分被所述微型元件的外周边在所述基板上的垂直投影所包围。
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