CN111829894B - Rock-soil multi-field measurement test system and method - Google Patents
Rock-soil multi-field measurement test system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111829894B CN111829894B CN202010587385.1A CN202010587385A CN111829894B CN 111829894 B CN111829894 B CN 111829894B CN 202010587385 A CN202010587385 A CN 202010587385A CN 111829894 B CN111829894 B CN 111829894B
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/18—Performing tests at high or low temperatures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
- G01N3/068—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means with optical indicating or recording means
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0641—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rock-soil multi-field measurement test system and a method, and the technical scheme is as follows: the test support system comprises a model groove, a support frame and filling equipment, wherein the model groove is fixedly connected with the support frame, and the filling equipment is arranged above the model groove; the loading system comprises a counterforce device and a loading device, the counterforce device comprises an annular member and a jacking part, the loading device is fixed with the top of the annular member, the bottom of the annular member is connected with the jacking part, and the annular member is connected with the supporting frame; the data acquisition system comprises a stress data acquisition module fixed with the loading device, a displacement data acquisition module fixed with the bottom of the annular member, a temperature field data acquisition module and a speed field data acquisition module, wherein the temperature field data acquisition module and the speed field data acquisition module are arranged at the bottom of the model groove. The invention combines the infrared thermal technology and the image processing technology, realizes the measurement and the recording of the temperature field and the velocity field, and meets the test measurement requirements of the geotechnical engineering under multi-field complex conditions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of geotechnical engineering, in particular to a geotechnical multi-field measurement test system and method.
Background
The bearing capacity and deformation of the soil body and the structure are related to the stability and safety of the whole stress system, and the method is a main research and solution problem of the geotechnical engineering major. Limited by the factors of complexity, high cost and the like of field tests, physical model tests (scale tests) are often adopted to simulate and research the structure-soil interaction mechanism in various geotechnical engineering, so as to obtain bearing capacity and deformation data and provide a physical basis for numerical simulation verification and calculation theory system construction.
At present, the ultimate bearing capacity testing technology of the structure is mature, the bearing characteristic can be obtained through graded loading or displacement control loading, and then the ultimate bearing capacity of the prototype structure can be obtained through geometric and stress similarity ratio. Along with the introduction and development of digital image technology (DIC), the capture and monitoring of a soil displacement field system around the structure in the acceptance process are realized, and a test support is provided for revealing the structure damage mechanism. Due to the complexity of geotechnical engineering problems, besides stress fields and displacement fields, multi-field coupling effects (such as energy piles, dam erosion and the like) of temperature fields, humidity fields, chemical fields and the like are involved, and the traditional test device is difficult to realize data measurement of the temperature fields, the humidity fields and the chemical fields. Therefore, promotion and breakthrough of the measurement technology are urgently sought, and the requirement of geotechnical engineering problems on multi-field data capture is met.
In addition, the conventional test device is usually designed and manufactured for a certain engineering technical problem, and the construction size, the loading mode, the measurement content and the like of the test device have certain pertinence and limitation, so that the test device is difficult to popularize and apply to other technical problems, and certain resource waste is caused. In practical situations, the stress direction of the structure has randomness (such as earthquake load effect and underground excavation), but the existing test device is usually aimed at some specific loading directions (such as vertical and horizontal directions), and the requirement for multi-angle loading is not considered.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a geotechnical multi-field measurement test system and method, which combine the infrared thermal technology and the image processing technology to realize the measurement and recording of a temperature field and a velocity field and meet the test measurement requirements of geotechnical engineering multi-field complex conditions.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a geotechnical multi-field measurement testing system, including:
the test support system comprises a model groove, a support frame and filling equipment, wherein the model groove is fixedly connected with the support frame, and the filling equipment is arranged above the model groove;
the loading system comprises a counterforce device and a loading device, wherein the counterforce device comprises an annular member and a jacking part, the loading device is fixed with the top of the annular member, the bottom of the annular member is connected with the jacking part, the annular member is connected with the support frame, and the position of the annular member can be adjusted through the jacking part;
the data acquisition system comprises a stress data acquisition module fixed with the loading device, a displacement data acquisition module fixed with the bottom of the annular member, a temperature field data acquisition module and a speed field data acquisition module, wherein the temperature field data acquisition module and the speed field data acquisition module are arranged at the bottom of the model tank.
As a further implementation mode, the supporting frames are arranged in two groups at intervals, each group of supporting frames comprises two longitudinal beams symmetrically arranged, an upper cross beam, a middle cross beam and a lower cross beam are sequentially arranged between the longitudinal beams from top to bottom, and the middle cross beam and the lower cross beam are connected with the longitudinal beams in a sliding mode.
As a further implementation mode, the top of the annular component is connected with the middle cross beam, two sides of the annular component are connected with the longitudinal beam in a sliding mode, the installation position of the loading device is overlapped with the central axis of the annular component, and the positions, opposite to the central axis, of the annular component are respectively connected with a pull rod.
As a further implementation mode, a sliding guide rail is fixed on the inner side of the longitudinal beam, and two sides of the middle cross beam, the lower cross beam and the annular member are respectively connected with the sliding guide rail in a sliding mode.
As a further implementation manner, the stress data acquisition module is a stress sensor arranged on one side of the pull rod at the top of the annular member, and the displacement data acquisition module is a displacement sensor arranged on one side of the pull rod at the bottom of the annular member.
As a further implementation manner, the temperature field data acquisition module comprises a thermal infrared imager and an infrared heat source, and the infrared heat source is connected with the module groove; and the thermal infrared imager is positioned at the bottom of the model tank and is connected with the computer.
As a further implementation manner, the speed field data acquisition module comprises a CCD camera arranged below the mold groove, and the CCD camera is connected with a computer.
As a further implementation mode, the device further comprises a laser, a synchronizer and a tracing particle generator, wherein the tracing particle generator is fixed with the supporting frame, and the laser is connected with a computer through the synchronizer; a reflective mirror is arranged at an emitting port of the laser, and a lens is arranged on one side of the reflective mirror.
As a further implementation mode, an inlet is formed in one side of the mold groove, and an outlet is formed in the other side of the mold groove.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a multi-field measurement testing method for rock and soil, where the testing system includes:
adjusting the support frame and the model groove, and filling a structure into the model groove through a filling device;
filling filler, and installing a loading device after the filler reaches a set height; connecting the loading device with a stress data acquisition module, adjusting the position of the annular member, and installing a displacement data acquisition module;
connecting the temperature field data acquisition module and the speed field data acquisition module, opening an infrared heat source of the temperature field data acquisition module, and conveying heat into the model groove;
starting a tracer particle generator to emit tracer particles into the model groove; starting a laser and a synchronizer, starting a loading device and a data acquisition module at the same time, and recording changes of a load, displacement, a temperature field and a velocity vector field;
and processing the CCD image to obtain a speed displacement field, and coupling the speed displacement field with a temperature field obtained by a thermal infrared imager to form a temperature vector field.
The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention are as follows:
(1) one or more embodiments of the invention combine infrared thermal technology and image processing technology, realize the measurement and record of temperature field, velocity field, meet the experimental measurement demand of the complicated condition of many fields of geotechnical engineering;
(2) according to one or more embodiments of the invention, by arranging the annular member and the pull rod which is coaxially arranged, the loading in the direction of 360 degrees of load or displacement is realized, and the multi-angle deformation simulation requirement in the geotechnical engineering problem is met; the coaxial pull rod can effectively solve the problem that the structure deviates from the loading direction in the loading process, and improve the precision of the measurement result;
(3) the components of one or more embodiments of the invention are flexible in arrangement and adjustable in position, can realize simulation research on engineering models of various engineering problems such as foundation bearing capacity, underground anchoring structure bearing capacity, high-pressure grouting, dam erosion, pile foundation bearing capacity, retaining wall stability and the like, and has wide applicability.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention in accordance with one or more embodiments;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the present disclosure according to one or more embodiments;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a temperature field and velocity field acquisition module according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure;
the device comprises a base 1, a base 2, a jack 3, a sliding guide rail 4, a pull rod 5, a displacement sensor 6, a middle cross beam 7, an inlet 8, a longitudinal beam 9, a model groove 10, a trace particle generator 11, a stress sensor 12, a loading device 13, an annular member 14, a filling device 15, a mobile electric lifting device 16, a computer 17, a synchronizer 18, a laser 19, a reflector 20, a lens 21, a CCD camera 22, a thermal infrared imager 23, an upper cross beam 24, a lower cross beam 25, an outlet 26, a first connecting piece 27 and a second connecting piece.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and/or "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof;
for convenience of description, the words "up", "down", "left" and "right" in this application, if any, merely indicate correspondence with the directions of up, down, left and right of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure, but merely facilitate the description of the invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the application.
The terms "mounted", "connected", "fixed", and the like in the present application should be understood broadly, and for example, the terms "mounted", "connected", and "fixed" may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; the two components can be connected directly or indirectly through an intermediate medium, or the two components can be connected internally or in an interaction relationship, and the terms can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the embodiment provides a multi-field measurement test system for rock and soil, which comprises a test support system, a loading system and a data acquisition system, wherein the test support system comprises a model groove 9, a support frame and filling equipment, and the loading system comprises a counterforce device and a loading device 12, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2. The data acquisition system comprises a stress data acquisition module, a displacement data acquisition module, a temperature field data acquisition module and a speed field data acquisition module.
The supporting frames are used as supporting bodies and are arranged above the base 1 at intervals, and the two groups of supporting frames are arranged along the length direction of the base 1. The two groups of supporting frames have the same structure, specifically, each group of supporting frames comprises two longitudinal beams 8, two upper cross beams 23, two middle cross beams 6 and two lower cross beams 24, and the two longitudinal beams 8 are symmetrically arranged along the width direction of the base 1. The middle cross beam 6 and the lower cross beam 24 are slidably connected between the two longitudinal beams 8 at the two ends of the base 1.
Furthermore, the sliding guide rail 3 is installed on the inner side of the longitudinal beam 8, the upper cross beam 23, the middle cross beam 6 and the lower cross beam 24 are sequentially installed from top to bottom, the upper cross beam 23 is connected to the top end of the longitudinal beam 8, the end portions of the middle cross beam 6 and the lower cross beam 24 are slidably connected with the sliding guide rail 3, and the installation positions of the middle cross beam 6 and the lower cross beam 24 can be adjusted through the sliding guide rail 3.
The upper cross beam 23, the middle cross beam 6 and the lower cross beam 24 between the two groups of supporting frames are respectively connected through a first connecting piece 26, so that the middle cross beam 6 and the lower cross beam 24 of the two groups of supporting frames can move synchronously, and rigid connection and support are realized. The first connecting member 26 is a rigid connecting member, such as a steel plate.
The lower cross member 24 is used to support the model groove 9, and as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the model groove 9 is installed above the lower cross member 24, and the model groove 9 is used to support structures and filling materials. Further, in this embodiment, the model groove 9 is a cuboid structure, the front and rear sides of the model groove are transparent tempered glass, the bottom and the left and right sides of the model groove are rectangular baffles, and the baffles and the tempered glass are connected through rigid supports to form a whole. Preferably, the baffle is a steel plate. The mould groove 9 is connected with the lower cross beam 24 through a high-strength bolt. And an inlet 7 is formed in one side of the mold groove 9, and an outlet 25 is formed in the other side of the mold groove.
The filling equipment comprises movable electric lifting equipment 15 and a filling device 14, wherein the movable electric lifting equipment 15 is installed below the upper cross beam 23, the movable electric lifting equipment 15 is connected with the top of the filling device 14, and the filling device 14 is used for filling granular materials into the model groove 9.
The counter-force device comprises an annular member 13 connected to the support frame and the position of which is adjustable by means of a jacking member, and a jacking member. Further, the jacking component is a jack 2. The two sides of the annular member 13 are respectively connected with a second connecting piece 27, and the second connecting pieces 27 are perpendicular to the plane of the annular member 13. The two ends of the second connecting piece 27 are respectively connected with the sliding guide rails 3 of the two groups of supporting frames in a sliding manner through sliding blocks. The top of the annular member 13 is connected below the central beam 6 and the bottom of the annular member 13 is connected with the jack 2.
The jack 2 is fixed above the base 1, and the upper and lower positions of the annular member 13 are adjusted through the jack 2, so that the relative positions of the loading device 12 and the model groove 9 are adjusted. The annular member 13 can be used to install the loading device 12 and adjust the loading angle, and stress can be applied to the structure in the 360-degree direction. In this embodiment, the annular member 13 is a steel ring. It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, other materials may be used for the annular member 13.
The loading means 12 is located on top of the annular member 13 and is fixed to the central beam 6 in a position coinciding with the central axis of the annular member 13. In this embodiment, the loading device 12 includes an elevator, a speed reducer, and a variable-frequency speed-regulating motor, and can apply a fixed displacement. Of course, in other embodiments, the loading device 12 may also be a jack. When multi-load directional loading is performed (as if vertical and horizontal loads are applied simultaneously), two or more loading devices 12 may be mounted on the annular member 13.
The end part of the loading device 12 is connected with the pull rod 4, and one side of the pull rod 4 is provided with a stress data acquisition module. The bottom of the annular component 13 is provided with another pull rod 4 corresponding to the loading device 12, and one side of the pull rod 4 is provided with a displacement data acquisition module. The tie rod 4 at the bottom of the ring member 13 has one end passing through the molding groove 9 and extending into the interior thereof to connect a loading object and the other end passing through the ring member 13. The fixing of the loading direction is realized through the two coaxially arranged pull rods 4, and the vertical or horizontal movement deviation in the loading process is prevented. Further, the stress data acquisition module comprises a stress sensor 11, and the displacement data acquisition module comprises a displacement sensor 5.
The temperature field data acquisition module and the speed field data acquisition module are arranged below the module groove 9, as shown in fig. 3, the temperature field data acquisition module comprises an infrared thermal imager and an infrared heat source, and the infrared heat source is connected with the inlet 7 of the module groove 9. The thermal infrared imager is connected with a computer 16; and acquiring an image through a thermal infrared imager, and acquiring a temperature field through image enhancement processing.
The speed field data acquisition module comprises a CCD camera 21, a laser 18, a synchronizer 17, a lens 20, a reflector 19 and a tracing particle generator 10, wherein the tracing particle generator 10 is fixed on the outer side of the longitudinal beam 8, and the CCD camera 21 is positioned below the model groove 9 and connected with a computer 16. The laser 18 is connected with the computer 16 through the synchronizer 17, a reflecting mirror 19 is arranged at the emitting port of the laser 18, and a lens 20 is arranged on one side of the reflecting mirror 19. Images are collected through a CCD camera 21, and distribution rules of a displacement field and a velocity field are obtained after DIC processing.
The embodiment is used for monitoring the geotechnical engineering problems related to the distribution of the temperature field and the velocity field, and solves the technical problems of limitation of monitoring content and application of the existing testing device.
Example two:
the embodiment provides a multi-field measurement test method for rock and soil, and the test system provided by the embodiment I comprises the following steps:
according to the test object and the test design, the supporting frame and the model groove 9 are adjusted, then the filling device 14 is used for filling the structure into the model groove 9, and the structure is fixed with the model groove 9 through the pull rod 4.
Then filling materials, installing a loading device 12 after reaching the design height, and connecting the loading device 12 with the stress sensor 11 and the pull rod 4. The position of the annular member 13 is adjusted, and the displacement sensor 5 is mounted.
The thermal infrared imager 22 and the CCD camera 21 are adjusted in position and connected to the computer 16 and other components. The infrared heat source is turned on, and the temperature change is detected, and heat is transferred into the model tank 9 through the inlet 7.
Starting a tracer particle generator 10 to emit tracer particles into the model groove 9; and starting the laser 18 and the synchronizer 17, starting the loading device 12 and the data acquisition module at the same time, and recording the changes of the load, the displacement, the temperature field and the velocity vector field.
DIC software is used for processing the CCD photo images to obtain a speed displacement field, and the speed displacement field is coupled with a temperature field obtained by the thermal infrared imager 22 to form a temperature vector field.
The embodiment combines the infrared thermal technology and the image processing technology, realizes the measurement and the recording of the temperature field and the velocity field, and meets the test measurement requirements of the geotechnical engineering under multi-field complex conditions.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a many field measurement test system of ground which characterized in that includes:
the test support system comprises a model groove, a support frame and filling equipment, wherein the model groove is fixedly connected with the support frame, and the filling equipment is arranged above the model groove;
the loading system comprises a counterforce device and a loading device, wherein the counterforce device comprises an annular member and a jacking part, the annular member is a circular ring, the loading device is fixed with the top of the annular member, the loading device is installed and the loading angle is adjusted through the annular member, and stress application to the structure in the 360-degree direction is realized; the bottom of the annular member is connected with a jacking component, and the position of the annular member can be adjusted through the jacking component, so that the relative positions of the loading device and the model groove are adjusted; two sides of the annular member are respectively connected with a second connecting piece, and two ends of the second connecting piece are respectively connected with the sliding guide rail of the supporting frame in a sliding manner through a sliding block;
the data acquisition system comprises a stress data acquisition module fixed with the loading device, a displacement data acquisition module fixed with the bottom of the annular member, a temperature field data acquisition module and a speed field data acquisition module, wherein the temperature field data acquisition module and the speed field data acquisition module are arranged at the bottom of the model tank.
2. The geotechnical multi-field measurement test system according to claim 1, wherein the support frames are arranged in two groups at intervals, each group of support frames comprises two longitudinal beams which are symmetrically arranged, an upper cross beam, a middle cross beam and a lower cross beam are sequentially arranged between the longitudinal beams from top to bottom, and the middle cross beam and the lower cross beam are slidably connected with the longitudinal beams.
3. The geotechnical multi-field measurement test system according to claim 2, wherein the top of the annular member is connected with the middle cross beam, two sides of the annular member are slidably connected with the longitudinal beam, the mounting position of the loading device is coincident with the central axis of the annular member, and the opposite positions of the central axis of the annular member are respectively connected with a pull rod.
4. The geotechnical multi-field measurement test system according to claim 2, wherein sliding guide rails are fixed on the inner sides of the longitudinal beams, and two sides of the middle cross beam, the lower cross beam and the annular member are respectively connected with the sliding guide rails in a sliding mode.
5. The geotechnical multi-field measurement test system according to claim 3, wherein the stress data acquisition module is a stress sensor arranged on one side of the pull rod at the top of the annular member, and the displacement data acquisition module is a displacement sensor arranged on one side of the pull rod at the bottom of the annular member.
6. The geotechnical multi-field measurement test system according to claim 1, wherein the temperature field data acquisition module comprises a thermal infrared imager and an infrared heat source, and the infrared heat source is connected with the model groove; and the thermal infrared imager is positioned at the bottom of the model tank and is connected with the computer.
7. The geotechnical multi-field measurement test system according to claim 1, wherein said velocity field data acquisition module includes a CCD camera disposed below the model groove, said CCD camera being connected to a computer.
8. The geotechnical multi-field measurement test system according to claim 7, further comprising a laser, a synchronizer, and a trace particle generator, wherein the trace particle generator is fixed with the support frame, and the laser is connected with a computer through the synchronizer; a reflective mirror is arranged at an emitting port of the laser, and a lens is arranged on one side of the reflective mirror.
9. The geotechnical multi-field measurement test system according to claim 1, wherein the model groove is provided with an inlet on one side and an outlet on the other side.
10. A geotechnical multi-field measurement test method, characterized in that, the test system according to any one of claims 1-9 is adopted, comprising:
adjusting the support frame and the model groove, and filling a structure into the model groove through a filling device;
filling filler, and installing a loading device after the filler reaches a set height; connecting the loading device with a stress data acquisition module, adjusting the position of the annular member, and installing a displacement data acquisition module;
connecting the temperature field data acquisition module and the speed field data acquisition module, opening an infrared heat source of the temperature field data acquisition module, and conveying heat into the model groove;
starting a tracer particle generator to emit tracer particles into the model groove; starting a laser and a synchronizer, starting a loading device and a data acquisition module at the same time, and recording changes of a load, displacement, a temperature field and a velocity vector field;
and processing the CCD image to obtain a speed displacement field, and coupling the speed displacement field with a temperature field obtained by a thermal infrared imager to form a temperature vector field.
Priority Applications (1)
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