CN103383325B - A kind of test unit of simulating multi-scenarios method Under Concrete test piece hydraulic fracture - Google Patents
A kind of test unit of simulating multi-scenarios method Under Concrete test piece hydraulic fracture Download PDFInfo
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- CN103383325B CN103383325B CN201310301794.0A CN201310301794A CN103383325B CN 103383325 B CN103383325 B CN 103383325B CN 201310301794 A CN201310301794 A CN 201310301794A CN 103383325 B CN103383325 B CN 103383325B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of test unit of simulating multi-scenarios method Under Concrete test piece hydraulic fracture, it is characterized in that a special big column pressure chamber, arrange copper pipe at pressure chamber's inwall, copper pipe connects outside refrigeration and heating, controlled pressure indoor temperature; Pressure chamber's base plate is fixed with a set of special steelframe fixture, test specimen is placed in steelframe fixture; Hydraulic pressure puts on test specimen by the steel bushing part bottom test specimen and permeable copper coin, derives from the steel bushing part of test piece upper part and permeable copper coin through water pipe.Thus on ordinary triaxial test basis, add the simulation of splitting hydraulic pressure and temperature environment, this invention overcomes conventional hydraulic diametral compression test cannot the feature of analog temperature environmental change, the test mechanism of hydraulic fracture can be reflected more truly, be applicable to carry out the experimental study of the concrete sample hydraulic fracture under the solid thermal coupling condition of water.The present invention has good market and transforms prospect, is applicable to promoting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of test unit of simulating multi-scenarios method Under Concrete test piece hydraulic fracture
Background technology
Constantly building up and putting into operation along with large water conservancy hydroelectric engineering, large-scale hydraulic xoncrete structure gets more and more, designed and constructed and the impact of the aspect such as maintenance, concrete occurs that crack is almost inevitable, and high dam all runs under deep-water pressure and temperature variation effect, therefore the present invention just refers to the hydraulic fracture problem under simulation multi-scenarios method condition, especially the impact of temperature on hydraulic fracture can be measured, because stable temperature environment is difficult to simulation, add the test inherently difficulty bigger device complexity of hydraulic fracture, experimental study is in the past due to cast material, method for making, the restrictions such as measurement technology, experimental study in the past all fails to study all sidedly the diametral compression test of temperature impact, and whole hydraulic fracture device is put into a closed chamber by this test, not only can load axial compression and confined pressure, and ensure that temperature environment that is stable and great changes have taken place scope.Hydraulic fracture problem can be studied more all-sidedly and accurately thus.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the defect of existing Hydraulic fracturing test system, have developed one and can simulate multi-scenarios method Under Concrete test piece hydraulic fracture test unit, the test figure of multi-scenarios method Water Under power splitting characteristic can be recorded, go for the research of hydraulic fracture attribute testing.
Technical scheme of the present invention is, a kind of test unit of simulating multi-scenarios method Under Concrete test piece hydraulic fracture, comprising internal diameter is 450mm, high 450mm, the large cylinder pressure chamber of wall thickness 15mm, positioned internal steelframe, concrete sample, concrete sample upper and lower side Inlet and outlet water steelframe external member, is arranged in the heat-conducting copper pipe of pressure chamber's inwall and various sensor.
Test specimen of the present invention adopts four prism type, utilizes precasting steel frame and billet, coordinates the push rod that can stretch into from outside to be fixed test specimen position.Test specimen cover rubber sleeve itself, upper and lower is respectively added with permeable copper sheet and little steelframe external member, with the applying of the loading and xial feed that realize hydraulic pressure.Under a whole set of pressure chamber being placed on three-axis tester after test specimen installation, the rod iron that pressure chamber's top cover center arrangement can be vertically movable, experiment starts rear three-axis tester by axle power being delivered on test specimen rod iron pressurization.
Pressure chamber of the present invention top cover has pore, is connected to outside nitrogen cylinder with wireway, utilizes nitrogen cylinder to provide confined pressure.
Pressure chamber of the present invention inwall is wound with some circle heat-conducting copper pipes, is connected to outside compressor, utilizes outside condenser to provide temperature environment,
Test hydraulic pressure of the present invention, is provided by oil outer air water converting system through test specimen lower cushion block and pressure chamber base by conduit.
Various sensor of the present invention comprises three displacement transducers, a load transducer and a temperature sensor, institute's displacement sensors is arranged on top cover measures vertical deformation, in addition, two displacement transducers are furnished with in pressure chamber, be positioned at the test specimen left and right sides, measure the transversely deforming of test specimen.Load transducer is arranged in steelframe rear portion residing for test specimen, measure the pressure of test specimen front-back, temperature sensor is rotatably inserted into pressure chamber from closure stud hole inner to measure the temperature in pressure chamber, and all installations in a device sensor all realize measuring in real time and data preservation on main frame.
Advantage of the present invention:
1) changing traditional diametral compression test cannot the defect in temperature field in simulation concrete cleaving process, and this test unit can the quasi stationary temperature field of mould, and the temperature conditions of minimum-20 degrees Celsius to 90 degrees Celsius can be simulated in this temperature field.
2) according to test needs, the concrete sample Hydraulic fracturing test under different hydraulic pressure, confined pressure, axial compression and temperature conditions composite condition can be carried out, the xoncrete structure hydraulic fracture characteristic under research different condition.
3) hydraulic pressure in process of the test, confined pressure, axial compression and temperature data acquisition do not interfere with each other, and can realize the test full-automatic Real-time Collection of overall process and data preservation.
Appended drawings 1 pressure chamber of the present invention schematic top plan view;
Accompanying drawing 2 pressure chamber of the present invention cross-sectional schematic;
Steel bushing part thin portion schematic diagram on accompanying drawing 3;
Accompanying drawing 4 rubber sleeve schematic diagram;
Accompanying drawing 5 front pods and U-shaped cushion block schematic diagram.
In figure: 1 axle power rod iron; 2 top covers; 3 closure studs; 4 temperature copper pipes; 5 axle power backing plates; Steel bushing part on 6; 7 transversal displacement sensors; 8 concrete samples; 9 times steel bushing parts; 10 set bolts; 11 water outlet mouthpieces; 12 rubber sleeves; Web joint after 13; 14 steelframe axles; 15 water inlet interfaces; 16 steel filler strips; 17 load transducers; Billet after 18; Billet before 19; 20 push rod extending heads; Web joint before 21; 22 water inlets; 23 water delivering orifices; 24 push rod front ends; 25 push rods; Block preformed hole on 26 steel bushing parts; Block on 27 steel bushing parts; Block top and bottom preformed hole in 28 steel bushing parts; Block in 29 steel bushing parts; Block side preformed hole in 30 steel bushing parts; 31 steel bushing part coupling bolts; Block under 32 steel bushing parts; 33 permeable copper coins; 34, preformed hole above rubber sleeve; Remaining part is stayed to divide above 35 rubber sleeves; Billet arc groove before 36; 37U type cushion block; 38 vertical displacement sensors; 39 top cover pores; 40 temperature sensors.
Embodiment
1) concrete sample (8) length, width and height of use and of the right age phase are 100mm × 50mm × 100mm, be inserted in rubber sleeve (12), rubber case specification is 100mm × 50mm × 120mm, have the opening (34) of 80mm × 30mm in the middle of top and bottom, being inserted in permeable copper coin (33) specification being equipped with intensive 1.0mm diameter hole respectively in both sides is 100mm × 50mm × 5mm.Steel bushing part (6), (9) symmetry are installed on outside permeable copper coin, for providing space and the transmitter shaft power of inlet and outlet pipe lines, being water delivering orifice (11) in upper steel bushing part (6), is water inlet (15) in lower steel bushing part (9).Above steel bushing part (6) be installed as example: upper steel bushing part is divided into piece (27) specification 100mm × 50mm × 5mm, middle piece of (29) specification 100mm × 50mm × 25mm, lower piece of (32) specification 100mm × 50mm × 5mm.Osculum is opened at lower piece of middle part, installs water outlet joint, inserts conduit (34); Two bolts (31) are fixed at both sides middle position.Middle piece of upper and lower surface has the hole corresponding with lower piece of bolt position, and installs for convenience of water out adapter the macropore (28) reserved; Utilize nut middle piece and lower piece to be fixed together, before fixing, lower piece is filled in the permeable copper coin near top in rubber sleeve, so rubber sleeve upper surface stays remaining part to divide (35) to be just in time clipped in the centre of middle piece and lower piece, play hermetic effect; Middle piece of side preformed hole (30) facilitates conduit (34) to derive.Upper piece middle piece of bolt protrusion place reserving hole (26), upper piece thickness be greater than bolt protrude in the height of block, thus after installing block, upper block upper surface is smooth, and axle power can apply.The draw-in groove of convenient location is all had as shown in the dotted line in figure between each piece.Lower steel bushing part and upper steel bushing part symmetry are installed.Test specimen external member installs.
2) install steelframe, steelframe main body is the space being made up of a hollow four steel axles (14) the front web joint of connection (21) and rear web joint (13).Load transducer (17) and rear backing plate (18) are fixed together with rear web joint, load transducer (17) front end directly contacts with rear billet (18), load transducer (17) rear end and rear web joint (13) are fixed, directly contact with front billet (19) before test specimen external member, directly contact with rear billet (18) after test specimen external member, front web joint centre is porose is provided with push rod extending head (20).Two steel filler strips (16) and two U-shaped steel cushion blocks (37) are separately fixed at bottom surface, pressure chamber, for determining the position of steelframe.Steelframe is put into after between steel filler strip, by 1) the test specimen external member that installs of step is placed between the U-shaped steel cushion block of central authorities of pressure chamber; Front backing plate (36) is placed on first U-shaped piece, push rod is pushed simultaneously, the arc groove utilizing the combination of the groove at the prefabricated little steel bar of push rod front end (24) and push rod extending head (20) rear portion control extending head (20) curved front and front backing plate (36) surface to hit exactly forms ball pivot, thus is completely fixed the position of test specimen.Place the axle power cushion block (5) with arc groove at the top of upper steel bushing part, axle power is evenly applied.
3) water inlet (22), the water delivering orifice (23) that the water inlet pipe and water outlet pipe of drawing from test specimen external member are connected to bottom surface, pressure chamber are connected to outside, pressure chamber.
4) transversal displacement sensor (7) is arranged on the perpendicular steel pole of steelframe both sides, can rotate around steel pole, before installation steelframe and external member, sensor can be forwarded to outside, after test specimen installs, sensor is vertically moved to test specimen middle height, and rotation sensor makes chaining pin just to test specimen side direction center.
5) pressure chamber is fixed on test platform by set bolt (10).Pressure chamber's inwall is wound with the copper pipe (4) transmitting temperature.Pressure chamber's top cover (2) is fixed in pressure chamber by top cover set bolt (3).Top cap central is axle power rod iron (1), and rod iron lower end is arc, just to the central arcuate groove of axle power cushion block (5) after installation, moves down rod iron (1) and contacts with cushion block (5) and form ball pivot.Vertical displacement sensor (38) is installed on cover plate top, and chaining pin is just to the upward pressure face of triaxial apparatus.Pressure chamber's top cover reserves pore (39), is installed into air outlet adapter, is connected to air pump.Temperature sensor (40) from top cover copper hole by being rotatably inserted into pressure chamber with measuring tempeature
6), after test specimen pressure chamber all installs, on-test, by the temperature in compressor control panel board change pressure chamber to desired value.Nitrogen pump panel board is utilized to provide in pressure chamber confined pressure to desired value.Triaxial apparatus upward pressure face moves down, and contact rod iron (1) top stops, and is reset by displacement data, adopts certain hydraulic pressure axial compression load mode, uses computer software real time record and food preservation test data.Revision, mode of disassembling is contrary with above-mentioned steps.
Claims (5)
1. simulate the test unit of multi-scenarios method Under Concrete test piece hydraulic fracture for one kind, comprising internal diameter is 450mm, high 450mm, the large cylinder pressure chamber of wall thickness 15mm, positioned internal steelframe, concrete sample, concrete sample upper and lower side Inlet and outlet water steel bushing part, be arranged in the heat-conducting copper pipe of pressure chamber's inwall and various sensor, it is characterized in that:
Described concrete sample adopts four prism type, utilizes precasting steel frame and billet, coordinates the push rod that can stretch into from outside to be fixed test specimen position, concrete sample cover rubber sleeve itself, and upper and lower is respectively added with permeable copper sheet and steel bushing part; Under a whole set of pressure chamber being placed on three-axis tester after test specimen installation; Pressure chamber's top cover center arrangement can be vertically movable rod iron; Pressure chamber's top cover has pore, is connected to outside nitrogen cylinder with wireway; Described pressure chamber inwall is wound with some circle heat-conducting copper pipes, is connected to outside compressor;
Described steel bushing part symmetry is installed on outside permeable copper coin, and for providing space and the transmitter shaft power of inlet and outlet pipe lines, being water delivering orifice in upper steel bushing part, is water inlet in lower steel bushing part; Upper steel bushing part is divided into block specifications 100mm × 50mm × 5mm, middle block specifications 100mm × 50mm × 25mm, lower block specifications 100mm × 50mm × 5mm, and osculum is opened at lower piece of middle part, installs water outlet joint, inserts conduit; Two bolts are fixed at both sides middle position; Middle piece of upper and lower surface has the hole corresponding with lower piece of bolt position, and installs for convenience of water out adapter the macropore reserved; Utilize nut middle piece and lower piece to be fixed together, before fixing, lower piece is filled in the permeable copper coin near top in rubber sleeve, be just in time clipped in the centre of middle piece and lower piece so rubber sleeve upper surface stays remaining part to divide, played hermetic effect; Middle piece of side preformed hole facilitates conduit to derive; Upper piece at middle piece of bolt protrusion place reserving hole, upper piece thickness be greater than bolt protrude in the height of block, thus after installing block, upper block upper surface is smooth, and axle power can apply;
Described steelframe main body connects by four steel axles the space that front web joint and rear web joint form a hollow; Load transducer and rear backing plate and rear web joint are fixed together, load transducer front end directly contacts with rear billet, load transducer rear end and rear web joint are fixed, contact with front billet before test specimen external member, directly contact with rear billet after test specimen external member, front web joint centre is porose is provided with push rod extending head; Two steel filler strips and two U-shaped steel cushion blocks are separately fixed at bottom surface, pressure chamber, for determining the position of steelframe; Steelframe is put into after between steel filler strip, between the U-shaped steel cushion block test specimen external member installed being placed on central authorities of pressure chamber; Front backing plate is placed on first U-shaped piece, push rod is pushed simultaneously, the arc groove utilizing the combination of the groove at the prefabricated little steel bar of push rod front end and push rod extending head rear portion control extending head curved front and front pad surfaces to hit exactly forms ball pivot, thus is completely fixed the position of test specimen.
2. the test unit of simulation multi-scenarios method Under Concrete test piece hydraulic fracture according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described various sensor comprises three displacement transducers, a load transducer and a temperature sensor.
3. the test unit of simulation multi-scenarios method Under Concrete test piece hydraulic fracture according to claim 2, is characterized in that: three described displacement transducers are arranged in the test specimen left and right sides in top cover and pressure chamber.
4. the test unit of simulation multi-scenarios method Under Concrete test piece hydraulic fracture according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described load transducer is arranged in steelframe rear portion residing for test specimen.
5. the test unit of simulation multi-scenarios method Under Concrete test piece hydraulic fracture according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described temperature sensor is rotatably inserted into inside, pressure chamber from closure stud hole.
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